Steam jet type solar PVT-air source double-source heat pump combined heat and power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a steam jet type solar PVT-air source double-source heat pump combined heat and power generation system which comprises a refrigerant system, a hot water system and a power supply system. The system is composed of a compressor, a one-way valve, a hot water heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a PVT array, a finned heat exchanger, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a steam ejector, a water pump, a direct-current converter, a municipal power grid and an alternating-current and direct-current inverter, and synchronous output of heat energy and electric energy can be achieved. According to the system, solar energy and air energy of different grades are matched through double evaporation temperatures, a main heat source and an auxiliary heat source of the system can be freely switched according to the heat source conditions of outdoor solar energy and air energy, low-grade renewable energy solar energy and air energy are synchronously utilized and complement each other, and energy supply of the system is reliable and stable; the system is self-sufficient in electric energy, energy-saving, efficient, green, low-carbon and low in operation cost, and has popularization and application values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic-thermal-air energy heat pump, in particular to a steam injection type solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system. Technical Background

[0002] As a renewable energy source, solar energy has been widely used in many fields due to its huge reserves, stable distribution, green and clean, and diversified energy utilization technology. In recent years, solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) heat pump technology integrates solar photovoltaic technology, photothermal technology, and heat pump technology, which reduces the surface temperature of photovoltaics, improves the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy to achieve cogeneration of heat and power. However, due to the significant periodicity, instability, and non-uniformity of energy density of solar energy, the production capacity of this technology is unstable, and it is difficult to achieve continuous and stable energy output, which limits the large-scale promotion and application of this technology. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a multi-source, stable, and efficient heat pump technology path that complements renewable energy solar energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to use renewable energy sources such as solar energy and air energy as the heat source of the system, and combine the jet refrigeration cycle with the vapor compression refrigeration cycle to achieve stable energy output of the system in an energy-saving, efficient, green and low-carbon manner.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a steam-injected solar PVT-air-source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system, the system comprising a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system;

[0005] The refrigerant system is mainly composed of a compressor 1, a one-way valve 2, a hot water heat exchanger 3, an electronic expansion valve 1 4, an electronic expansion valve 2 5, a PVT array 6, a finned heat exchanger 7, a three-way valve 1 8, a three-way valve 2 9, and a steam ejector 10. The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the one-way valve 2 and the hot water heat exchanger 3 in sequence and then divided into two paths, one of which is further divided into two paths after passing through the electronic expansion valve 1 4 and the PVT array 6, one of which is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 1 8, and the other is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 2 9; the other path separated from the hot water heat exchanger 3 is further divided into two paths after passing through the electronic expansion valve 2 5 and the finned heat exchanger 7, one of which is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 1 8, and the other is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 2 9;

[0006] Compressor 1 types include rotor type, scroll type, and piston type;

[0007] The 3 types of hot water heat exchangers include flat plate, spiral plate, plate fin, immersed spiral tube, sleeve and tube, and shell and tube;

[0008] Electronic expansion valve 1 4 and electronic expansion valve 2 5 can be replaced by thermal expansion valve and capillary tube;

[0009] The flow channel types of the heat exchange elements of the PVT array 6 include triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, circle, diamond, spindle, teardrop, and honeycomb.

[0010] The hot water system is mainly composed of a hot water heat exchanger 3 and a water pump 11. The water side of the hot water heat exchanger 3 is connected to the water pump 11 via a water pipeline.

[0011] The power supply system is mainly composed of a PVT array 6, a DC converter 12, a municipal power grid 13, and an AC / DC inverter 14. The power supply system is divided into two routes, one route is connected to the PVT array 6 and the DC converter 12, and the other route is connected to the municipal power grid 13 and the AC / DC inverter 14. The above two routes are connected to the compressor 1, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 after being combined through the outlet of the DC converter 12 and the outlet of the AC / DC inverter 14;

[0012] The types of solar cell elements of the PVT array 6 include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, and perovskite;

[0013] The motors of the compressor 1 , the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7 , and the water pump 11 are DC-driven, and their types include brushless DC, brushed DC, and permanent magnet DC.

[0014] By controlling the compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 1 8, three-way valve 2 9, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the start and stop of the water pump 11, the system can realize the switching between the following two operation modes:

[0015] Mode 1, compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 1 8, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on, and the system operates in a jet-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source;

[0016] Mode 2, compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 2 9, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on, and the system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention fully and synchronously utilizes renewable energy sources, such as solar energy and air energy, and the utilization rate of renewable energy in the system is high;

[0019] The present invention realizes dual evaporation temperature matching of solar energy and air energy of different qualities, and can realize free switching of the main heat source and auxiliary heat source of the system according to the outdoor solar energy and air energy heat source conditions, and the utilization rate of low-quality heat source is high;

[0020] The present invention realizes the complementarity between solar energy and air energy, and the system energy supply is reliable and stable;

[0021] The system of the present invention has low dependence on the external power grid, and the system is highly efficient, energy-saving, low-carbon and has low operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steam-injection solar PVT-air-source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cogeneration operation mode of the injection-compression composite heat pump of the present invention, which uses solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cogeneration operation mode of the injection-compression composite heat pump of the present invention, which uses air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source;

[0025] Numbers in the figure: 1-compressor, 2-check valve, 3-hot water heat exchanger, 4-electronic expansion valve one, 5-electronic expansion valve two, 6-PVT array, 7-fin heat exchanger, 8-three-way valve one, 9-three-way valve two, 10-steam ejector, 11-water pump, 12-DC converter, 13-municipal power grid, 14-AC / DC inverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a steam injection solar PVT-air source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system includes a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system.

[0028] The refrigerant system is mainly composed of a compressor 1, a one-way valve 2, a hot water heat exchanger 3, an electronic expansion valve 1 4, an electronic expansion valve 2 5, a PVT array 6, a finned heat exchanger 7, a three-way valve 1 8, a three-way valve 2 9, and a steam ejector 10 connected via a refrigerant pipeline;

[0029] The hot water system is mainly composed of a hot water heat exchanger 3 and a water pump 11 connected via a water pipeline;

[0030] The power supply system mainly consists of a PVT array 6, a DC converter 12, a municipal power grid 13, and an AC / DC inverter 14 connected via circuits.

[0031] In this embodiment, by controlling the opening and closing of the compressor 1, the electronic expansion valve 1 4, the electronic expansion valve 2 5, the three-way valve 1 8, the three-way valve 2 9, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11, the system can realize the switching of the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source, and the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

[0032] (1) When the solar heat source is better than the air heat source, such as when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is high and the ambient temperature is low, the system operates in the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source. The compressor 1, the electronic expansion valve 1 4, the electronic expansion valve 2 5, the three-way valve 1 8, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 2 As shown, the working principle is as follows: low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by compressor 1 into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, enters hot water heat exchanger 3 through one-way valve 2 to release heat into the hot water system, and high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is then condensed into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant and then divided into two paths. One path is throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 14 to become gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters PVT array 6 to absorb the main heat source - solar energy to become superheated gaseous refrigerant, and enters the high-pressure inlet end of steam ejector 10 through three-way valve 18; the other path is throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 25 (the throttling and depressurization degree is greater than the previous path) to become gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters fin heat exchanger 7 to absorb auxiliary heat source - air energy to become superheated gaseous refrigerant, and enters the low-pressure inlet section of steam ejector 10 through three-way valve 29. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant are mixed in steam ejector 10 to become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then return to the suction port of compressor 1. Driven by the water pump 11, the hot water enters the hot water heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat, and is continuously heated in this cycle. In addition, the PVT array 6 converts solar energy into DC power, and converts it into DC 750V for the system through the DC converter 12. If the power generated by the PVT array 6 is greater than the power consumed by the system, the surplus power is connected to the grid through the AC-DC inverter 14; if the power generated by the PVT array 6 is less than the power consumed by the system, the grid is converted into DC 750V for the system through the AC-DC inverter 14.

[0033] (2) When the solar energy heat source is inferior to the air energy heat source, such as when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is low and the ambient temperature is high, the system operates in the cogeneration mode of injection-compression composite heat pump with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source. The compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 2 9, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as follows: low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by compressor 1 into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, enters hot water heat exchanger 3 through one-way valve 2 to release heat into the hot water system, and high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is then condensed into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant and then divided into two paths. One path is throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 2 5 to become gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters finned heat exchanger 7 to absorb the main heat source - air energy to become superheated gaseous refrigerant, and enters steam ejector 10 high-pressure inlet end through three-way valve 1 8; the other path is throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 1 4 (the degree of throttling and depressurization is greater than the previous path) to become gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and then enters PVT array 7 to absorb auxiliary heat source - solar energy to become superheated gaseous refrigerant, and enters steam ejector 10 low-pressure inlet section through three-way valve 2 9. Low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant are mixed in steam ejector 10 to become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then return to the suction port of compressor 1. Driven by the water pump 11, the hot water enters the hot water heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat, and is continuously heated in this cycle. In addition, the PVT array 6 converts solar energy into DC power, and converts it into DC 750V for the system through the DC converter 12. If the power generated by the PVT array 6 is greater than the power consumed by the system, the surplus power is connected to the grid through the AC-DC inverter 14; if the power generated by the PVT array 6 is less than the power consumed by the system, the grid is converted into DC 750V for the system through the AC-DC inverter 14.

[0034] (3) When the solar energy heat source is close to the air energy heat source, the system operates in the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source. The high-pressure superheated gaseous refrigerant is provided to the high-pressure inlet of the steam ejector 10 by reducing the frequency of the fan of the finned heat exchanger 9; the electronic expansion valve 4 is controlled to provide the low-pressure superheated gaseous refrigerant to the low-pressure inlet of the steam ejector 10, thereby reducing the surface temperature of the PVT array 6 and improving its power generation efficiency. The compressor 1, the electronic expansion valve 1 4, the electronic expansion valve 2 5, the three-way valve 2 9, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as described in (2).

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steam-injected solar PVT-air-source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system, the system comprising a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system; The refrigerant system is mainly composed of a compressor (1), a one-way valve (2), a hot water heat exchanger (3), an electronic expansion valve 1 (4), an electronic expansion valve 2 (5), a PVT array (6), a finned heat exchanger (7), a three-way valve 1 (8), a three-way valve 2 (9), and a steam ejector (10). The outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the one-way valve (2) and the hot water heat exchanger (3) in sequence and then divided into two paths, one of which is further divided into two paths after passing through the electronic expansion valve 1 (4) and the PVT array (6). One path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve one (8), and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve two (9); the other path separated from the hot water heat exchanger (3) is separated into two paths again after passing through the electronic expansion valve two (5) and the finned heat exchanger (7), one path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve one (8), and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve two (9); The hot water system is mainly composed of a hot water heat exchanger (3) and a water pump (11), and the water side of the hot water heat exchanger (3) is connected to the water pump (11) via a water pipeline; The power supply system is mainly composed of a PVT array (6), a DC converter (12), a municipal power grid (13), and an AC / DC inverter (14). The power supply system is divided into two routes, one route is connected between the PVT array (6) and the DC converter (12), and the other route is connected between the municipal power grid (13) and the AC / DC inverter (14). The two routes are connected to the compressor (1), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) after being combined through the outlet of the DC converter (12) and the outlet of the AC / DC inverter (14).

2. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: By controlling the compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 1 (8), the three-way valve 2 (9), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11), the system can switch between the following two operating modes: Mode 1: the compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 1 (8), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) are turned on, and the system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source; Mode 2: The compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 2 (9), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) are turned on, and the system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

3. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The types of compressors (1) include rotor type, scroll type and piston type.

4. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The types of hot water heat exchangers (3) include flat plate type, spiral plate type, plate fin type, immersed spiral tube type, sleeve type, and shell and tube type.

5. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electronic expansion valve 1 (4) and the electronic expansion valve 2 (5) can be replaced by a thermal expansion valve or a capillary tube.

6. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The types of solar cell elements of the PVT array (6) include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, and perovskite.

7. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flow channel types of the heat exchange elements of the PVT array (6) include triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, circle, diamond, spindle, teardrop, and honeycomb.

8. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The motors of the compressor (1), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7) and the water pump (11) are DC-driven, and their types include brushless DC, brushed DC and permanent magnet DC.

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