An unmanned aerial vehicle dangerous rock detection device for geological disaster investigation

Abstract

The application provides a dangerous rock detection device of an unmanned aerial vehicle for geological disaster investigation, relates to geological disaster monitoring and early warning technology, and specifically discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle main body, a machine shell is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, a guide cylinder in communication with the machine shell is arranged on the side wall of the machine shell, a drilling tool is arranged in the guide cylinder, a drill bit is installed at the tail end of the drilling tool, a slag discharge channel is formed in the outer side wall of the drilling tool, the guide cylinder is provided with a third driving mechanism for driving the drilling tool to rotate, a plurality of drill rods are installed on the machine shell, the drill rods are detachably connected with the drilling tool, and a position adjusting mechanism for driving the drill rods to be connected with the drilling tool is arranged in the machine shell; a material guiding channel is installed in the machine shell, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the material guiding channel, a connecting rope is arranged between any two adjacent sensors, and a cutting device for cutting the connecting rope is arranged on the outer side wall of the material guiding channel; the above structure improves the installation efficiency of the monitoring dangerous rock mass sensor, realizes real-time monitoring of the dangerous rock mass through automatic drilling and sensor installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological disaster monitoring and early warning technology, and more specifically, to a drone-based rock detection device for geological disaster investigation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geological disaster monitoring and early warning, monitoring the attitude of unstable rock masses is a crucial task. Unstable rock masses typically refer to those with steep dip angles and extremely fragmented surface rock, forming structural planes that are detrimental to rock mass stability. These types of rock masses are highly susceptible to instability, triggering geological disasters and causing economic losses. Therefore, monitoring and early warning of unstable rock masses are extremely important for geological disaster prevention and control.

[0003] Geological hazards caused by unstable rock masses are process-oriented. Physical parameters such as dip angle and acceleration, which reflect the attitude of unstable rock masses, are crucial for analyzing the hazard formation mechanism. Although the formation process of unstable rock masses is sudden, its incubation period is relatively long. After determining the shape and size of the unstable rock mass, it is necessary to observe it through appropriate monitoring methods. Dip angle reflects the degree of angular change of the unstable rock mass over time during deformation, and further indicates the degree of displacement of the unstable rock mass's center of gravity. The displacement of the unstable rock mass's center of gravity can easily lead to instability and thus geological hazards; therefore, dip angle is very important for monitoring unstable rock masses. Acceleration reflects the degree of deformation activity of the unstable rock mass. During deformation, unstable rock masses easily exhibit instantaneous changes in deformation velocity in a certain direction. Accelerometers can capture this change, thus reflecting the degree of deformation activity of the unstable rock mass. If the rock mass exhibits high activity within a certain time range, it means that the probability of instability will increase significantly; therefore, accelerometers are crucial for monitoring unstable rock masses.

[0004] Currently, in the field of geological disaster monitoring and early warning, the monitoring of unstable rock mass postures still relies on manual installation and fixed-frequency data acquisition. Its main drawbacks are as follows: 1) Manual installation of unstable rock mass monitoring equipment is difficult, and on-site construction conditions lead to excessively long installation cycles and high costs, hindering rapid prevention and control of geological disasters caused by unstable rock masses under emergency rescue conditions. 2) The data acquisition method is equal-interval, i.e., fixed-frequency acquisition. Its acquisition methods, such as 3D laser and image processing, are exceptionally complex, increasing the overall power consumption and cost of the system, making the equipment unsuitable for universal geological disaster monitoring and early warning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drone-based rock detection device for geological disaster investigation, which addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] The invention provides a drone-based rock detection device for geological disaster investigation, comprising a drone body, a housing mounted on the drone body, a guide cylinder connected to the side wall of the housing away from the drone body, a drill bit inserted inside the guide cylinder, a drill bit with a drill bit at the end of the drill bit, a slag discharge channel on the outer side wall of the drill bit, a third drive mechanism for driving the drill bit to rotate on the guide cylinder, several drill rods mounted on the housing, all of which are detachably connected to the drill bit, an adjustment mechanism for driving the drill rods to connect with the drill bit inside the housing, a material guide channel installed inside the housing, the end of the material guide channel connected to the drill bit, several sensors inside the material guide channel, a connecting rope between any two adjacent sensors, and a cutting device for cutting the connecting rope on the outer side wall of the material guide channel.

[0008] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the housing is provided with a plurality of fixed seats corresponding one-to-one with the drill rod, the side wall of the fixed seat is provided with a groove adapted to the drill rod, the groove is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the displacement of the drill rod, and the inner wall of the housing is provided with a fixing mechanism that is detachably connected to the fixed seat.

[0009] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes a first push rod installed on the inner wall of the housing, a card seat is provided on the free end of the first push rod, a locking groove is provided on the side wall of the fixing seat opposite to the inner wall of the housing, and a portion of the card seat is embedded in the locking groove.

[0010] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism includes a mounting ring installed in the housing. The side wall of the mounting ring has an annular limiting groove, and a matching ring body is installed in the limiting groove. A plurality of toothed blocks are arranged around the side wall of the ring body. A rotating seat is fitted on the mounting ring. A plurality of internal toothed grooves matching the toothed blocks are opened on the inner wall of the rotating seat. The internal toothed grooves are inclinedly arranged on the inner wall of the rotating seat. A first driving mechanism for driving the ring body to move is provided on the mounting ring. A mounting seat is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating seat. The mounting seat is provided with a locking mechanism that is detachably connected to the fixed seat. A second driving mechanism for driving the mounting ring to perform circumferential motion is provided inside the housing.

[0011] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a second push rod installed on the mounting base, a guide seat installed on the telescopic end of the second push rod, a limiting locking seat detachably provided on the guide seat, and a limiting channel adapted to the limiting locking seat opened at the bottom of the fixed base.

[0012] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide groove is provided on the side wall of the guide seat along its extension direction, a displacement seat adapted to it is slidably provided in the guide groove, the displacement seat is connected to the limiting card seat, the guide seat is provided with an installation chamber, a third push rod is installed in the installation chamber, a slide is provided at the bottom of the guide groove that communicates with the installation chamber, and a connecting block connected to the displacement seat and the telescopic end of the third push rod is provided in the slide.

[0013] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the first driving mechanism includes a second driving gear disk rotatably disposed on the mounting ring, a window communicating with a limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting ring, a portion of the second driving gear disk is embedded in the window, a plurality of tooth grooves adapted to the second driving gear disk are provided on the outer side wall of the ring body, and a second driving motor that is drivingly connected to the second driving gear disk is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting ring.

[0014] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the second drive mechanism includes an internal gear ring mounted on the inner sidewall of the mounting ring, a first drive gear disc meshing with the internal gear ring is provided on the bottom wall of the housing, and a first drive motor that is connected to the first drive gear disc is provided on the bottom wall of the housing.

[0015] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the third driving mechanism includes a second plate installed inside the guide cylinder, with an installation opening on it. A first limiting member is rotatably installed inside the installation opening. Multiple limiting strips are arranged around the outer side wall of the drill rod. A first slot adapted to the limiting strip is opened on the inner wall of the first limiting member. A third driving gear is rotatably installed on the second plate and is driven by the first limiting member. A third driving motor is installed on the second plate and is driven by the third driving gear. The guide cylinder is provided with a rotating mechanism for two drill rods to rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions.

[0016] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a third plate, which is installed between the second plate and the bottom of the guide cylinder. The third plate has a through hole, and a second limiting member is rotatably provided in the through hole. The inner wall of the second limiting member has a second slot adapted to the limiting strip. A plurality of first limiting ratchet teeth are arranged around the side wall opposite to the first limiting member and the second limiting member, and a plurality of second limiting ratchet teeth are arranged around the side wall of the second limiting member. Any second limiting ratchet tooth is embedded between two adjacent first limiting ratchet teeth. A first plate is provided between the third plate and the bottom of the guide cylinder. A plurality of adjusting springs connected to the third plate are arranged around the first plate. A ratchet wheel is sleeved on the outer side wall of the second limiting member. A limiting tooth is rotatably provided on the side wall of the third plate, and a portion of the limiting tooth is embedded between the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] The aforementioned structure drives the drill bit to drill holes in the surface of the unstable rock mass. After drilling is completed, sensors can be installed inside the borehole for real-time monitoring. The adjustment mechanism allows the drill rod to be detachably installed in the housing, saving lifting space for the UAV and avoiding the problem of being unable to lift ultra-tall drilling equipment during the lifting process. Furthermore, the rotating mechanism located in the third drive mechanism can separate and connect two interlocking drill rods to drill holes of appropriate depth in the surface of the unstable rock mass, improving the drilling efficiency of this structure. The entire system is designed to improve the installation efficiency of sensors for monitoring unstable rock masses, achieving real-time monitoring of the unstable rock mass through automated drilling and sensor installation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the adjustment mechanism in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning mechanism in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating seat in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the material guiding pipe in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the third driving mechanism in this invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating mechanism in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second limiting member in this invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a top view of the second limiting member in this invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. UAV body; 2. Casing; 3. Guide cylinder; 4. Drill tool; 5. End cap; 6. Material guide pipe; 7. Cutting equipment; 8. Mounting ring; 9. Drill bit; 10. Guide ring; 11. Clamp; 12. Drill rod; 13. Fixed seat; 14. Guide groove; 15. First push rod; 16. Mounting chamber; 17. Ring body; 18. Tooth block; 19. Internal toothed ring; 20. First drive gear plate; 21. Rotary seat; 22. Second drive gear plate; 23. Mounting 24. Guide seat; 25. Internal tooth groove; 26. Second push rod; 27. Limiting seat; 28. Third push rod; 29. ​​Displacement seat; 30. Sensor; 31. Connecting rope; 32. First plate; 33. Second plate; 34. Cover plate; 35. Second drive gear; 36. First limiting component; 37. Second limiting component; 38. Adjusting spring; 39. Second limiting ratchet; 40. Ratchet; 41. Limiting tooth; 42. First limiting ratchet; 43. Third plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention. Specific embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example

[0034] This invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) rock detection device for geological disaster investigation, such as... Figure 1-11As shown, the device includes a drone body 1, which is a quadcopter drone with high load-bearing capacity and long endurance, a technology currently available. A housing 2 is bolted to the bottom of the drone body 1's frame. The housing 2 is a cylindrical shell with reinforcing ribs on its inner wall to increase its load-bearing capacity. A guide cylinder 3 is connected to the side wall of the housing 2 opposite to the drone body 1, and is threaded to the bottom of the housing 2. A drill bit 4 is inserted inside the guide cylinder 3. The drill bit 4 is a tubular structure, and a drill bit 9 is threaded to its end. The drill bit 9 is also a tubular structure, with high-strength and wear-resistant drilling tools mounted on its end face. A helical blade is integrally formed on the outer wall of the drill bit 9. This structure improves the drilling ability of the drill bit 9 to drill through shallow soil adhering to the surface of the unstable rock mass. After drilling is completed, a sensor 30 can be placed inside the borehole for real-time monitoring of the unstable rock mass. The outer wall of the drill bit 4 is provided with 2-3 slag discharge channels, which are rectangular in shape to improve slag discharge capacity and remove soil, gravel, and other materials accumulated in the drill bit 9, preventing blockage of the channels and ensuring the sensor 30 can be guided into the borehole. The guide cylinder 3 is equipped with a third drive mechanism to rotate the drill bit 4. This mechanism forces the drill bit 4 and drill 9 to quickly drill a suitable depth into the soil layer of the unstable rock mass, allowing the sensor 30 to be installed at a predetermined depth within the rock mass, thus improving the monitoring accuracy of the unstable rock mass. The housing 2 is equipped with at least 8 drill rods 12, arranged circumferentially around the housing 2. All drill rods 12 are detachably connected to the drill bit 4 via threads. The housing 2 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism that drives the drill rods 12 to engage with the drill bit 4. The adjustment mechanism can rotate the drill rods 12, which are radially arranged along the center of the housing 2, by 90° within the housing 2 so that they are coaxial with the center of the guide cylinder 3. Subsequently, the third drive mechanism and the adjustment mechanism connect the separated drill rods 12 to the drill string 4, forming a single unit and extending the effective length of the drill string 4. A material guide channel 6 is installed inside the housing 2, with its end connected to the drill string 4. Several sensors 30 are installed within the material guide channel 6, and a connecting rope 31 connects any two adjacent sensors 30. This structure allows for the installation of at least five sensors 30 within the housing 2. When drilling a large number of holes in a dangerous rock mass, the sensors 30 can be installed in the corresponding holes, improving the installation efficiency of the sensors 30 monitoring the dangerous rock mass. A cutting device 7 for cutting the connecting rope 31 is installed on the outer wall of the material guide channel 6.

[0035] Sensor 30 is an acceleration sensor 30.

[0036] Preferably, the top of the housing 2 is fitted with an end cover 5 by screws, the guide channel 6 is connected to the end cover 5 by bolts, a rotating disk is mounted on the end cover 5, and a sensor 30 connected by a connecting rope 31 is wound around the rotating disk. A small motor connected to the rotating disk is mounted on the housing 2 to release the wire consisting of the connecting rope 31 and the sensor 30 wound on the rotating disk into the guide channel 6.

[0037] Preferably, the drill rod 12 is a tubular structure, with an internal thread on the inner wall of one end of the drill rod 12 and a small diameter section at the other end, with an external thread on the outer wall of the small diameter section; when any two drill rods 12 are spliced ​​together, the small diameter section of one drill rod 12 is inserted into the other drill rod 12, and the connection between the two is achieved by the threaded connection.

[0038] In some technical solutions of this invention, the housing 2 is provided with a plurality of fixed seats 13 corresponding one-to-one with the drill rod 12. The fixed seat 13 is a block structure, and a groove adapted to the drill rod 12 is opened on the side wall of the fixed seat 13. The cross-section of the groove is semi-circular, and a limiting mechanism is installed in the groove. The limiting mechanism is an electromagnetic lock. The magnetic end of the electromagnetic lock is connected to the outer side wall of the drill rod 12. The electromagnetic lock can fix the drill rod 12 in the groove and prevent the drill rod 12 from moving laterally in the groove. A fixing mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the housing 2. The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the fixed seat 13. In this way, when the adjusting mechanism drives the drill rod 12 to rotate 90° in the housing 2, it ensures that the fixed seat 13 is fixed in a fixed position in the housing 2, which facilitates the quick adaptation of the rotating end of the adjusting mechanism with the fixed seat 13, and improves the accuracy and motion efficiency of the structure during operation.

[0039] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes a first push rod 15, the body of which is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 2 by bolts. A retaining seat 11 is provided on the free end of the first push rod 15, and a countersunk hole is provided on the side wall of the retaining seat 11. The telescopic end of the first push rod 15 is inserted into the countersunk hole. A locking groove is provided on the side wall of the fixing seat 13 opposite to the inner wall of the housing 2. The cross-section of the locking groove is rectangular. A portion of the retaining seat 11 is embedded in the locking groove, and the retaining seat 11 and the locking groove are clearance-fitted.

[0040] Preferably, the card holder 11 is embedded with a magnetic pole, which is magnetically connected to the fixing base 13.

[0041] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes a mounting ring 8 installed inside the housing 2. An annular mounting groove with a rectangular cross-section is formed on the inner bottom wall of the housing 2. Part of the mounting ring 8 is embedded in the mounting groove, which guides and restricts the circular movement of the mounting ring 8 within the housing 2. An annular limiting groove is formed on the side wall of the mounting ring 8. A matching ring body 17 is installed within the limiting groove. The ring body 17 is circular, and a guide ring 10 is provided within the limiting groove, with a portion of the guide ring 10 embedded in the ring body 17. A plurality of cylindrical toothed blocks 18 are arranged around the side wall of the ring body 17. A rotating seat 21 is fitted onto the mounting ring 8. The rotating seat 21 is arc-shaped and can rotate around the mounting ring 8. Several internal toothed grooves 25, adapted to the toothed blocks 18, are formed on the inner wall of the rotating seat 21. These grooves are inclined on the inner wall. The mounting ring 8 has a first drive mechanism for driving the ring body 17. A mounting seat 23 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating seat 21, and the mounting seat 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 21 by welding. The mounting seat 23 has a locking mechanism that is detachably connected to the fixed seat 13. A second drive mechanism for driving the mounting ring 8 to rotate is provided inside the housing 2.

[0042] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a second push rod 26 mounted on the mounting base 23. The body of the second push rod 26 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 23 by bolts. A guide seat 24 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second push rod 26 by bolts. A limiting seat 27 is detachably provided on the guide seat 24. The cross-section of the limiting seat 27 is rectangular. A limiting channel adapted to the limiting seat 27 is opened at the bottom of the fixed base 13. When the first driving mechanism drives the ring body 17 to make a circular motion in the mounting ring 8, the toothed blocks 18 located on the ring body 17 will be successively embedded into the inner toothed grooves 25 provided on the inner wall of the rotating seat 21, so that the rotating seat 21 makes a flipping motion from the inside to the outside on the mounting ring 8, thereby flipping the drill rod 12 arranged radially along the circle of the housing 2 by 90° in the housing 2 and making it coaxial with the center of the circle of the guide cylinder 3, thus completing the position adjustment of the drill rod 12, which facilitates the rapid splicing of the drill rod 12 and the drill tool 4 in the later stage.

[0043] Preferably, the limiting channel is provided with magnetic poles, which can enhance the fit between the limiting card seat 27 and the fixed seat 13 and prevent them from becoming loose, which could lead to the problem of the limiting card seat 27 and the fixed seat 13 separating.

[0044] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide groove 14 is provided on the side wall of the guide seat 24. The cross-section of the guide groove 14 is wedge-shaped. A displacement seat 29 adapted to it is slidably arranged in the guide groove 14. The displacement seat 29 and the limiting seat 27 are fixedly connected by screws or welding. The guide seat 24 has an installation chamber 16, which is rectangular in shape. A third push rod 28 is installed in the installation chamber 16. The body of the third push rod 28 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the installation chamber 16 by screws. A slide is provided at the bottom of the guide groove 14, which communicates with the installation chamber 16. A connecting block is provided in the slide to connect with the displacement seat 29 and the telescopic end of the third push rod 28. With the above structure, when the limiting seat 27 is adapted to the upper limit channel located on the fixed seat 13, the relative position of the limiting seat 27 and the limiting channel can be adjusted so that the two can be aligned more quickly.

[0045] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the first driving mechanism includes a second driving gear 22 rotatably mounted on the mounting ring 8. The second driving gear 22 is a gear, which is rotatably mounted on the outer side wall of the mounting ring 8 via a bracket. A window communicating with a limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting ring 8. The window is rectangular, and a portion of the second driving gear 22 is embedded in the window. A plurality of tooth grooves adapted to the second driving gear 22 are provided on the outer side wall of the ring body 17. A second driving motor is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting ring 8 and is drivenly connected to the second driving gear 22. The second driving motor is fixed to the bracket by bolts, and the output shaft of the second driving motor is drivenly connected to the second driving gear 22 via a coupling.

[0046] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the second driving mechanism includes an internal gear ring 19 mounted on the inner wall of the mounting ring 8. The internal gear ring 19 is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting ring 8 by welding, and the outer diameter of the internal gear ring 19 is adapted to the inner diameter of the mounting ring 8. A first driving gear disk 20 is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the housing 2 via a rotating shaft. The first driving gear disk 20 is gear-shaped and meshes with the internal gear ring 19. A first driving motor is mounted on the bottom wall of the housing 2 and is drivenly connected to the first driving gear disk 20. The output end of the first driving motor is drivenly connected to the rotating shaft of the first driving gear disk 20 via a coupling.

[0047] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the third driving mechanism includes a second plate 33 installed inside the guide cylinder 3. The guide cylinder 3 is cylindrical in shape, and a rectangular or square channel is provided inside the guide cylinder 3. The channel is used to prevent the second plate 33, the third plate 43 and the first plate 32 from rotating inside the guide cylinder 3, and to limit the movement of the above structure. The second plate 33 has an installation opening with a circular cross-section. A first limiting member 36 is rotatably installed inside the installation opening. Multiple limiting strips are arranged around the outer wall of the drill rod 12. A first slot adapted to the limiting strips is opened on the inner wall of the first limiting member 36. An external toothed ring is integrally formed on the outer wall of the first limiting member 36. A third drive gear 35 is rotatably installed on the second plate 33. The external toothed ring meshes with the first limiting member 36. A third drive motor is installed on the second plate 33 and is connected to the third drive gear 35. The output end of the third drive motor is connected to the shaft of the third drive gear 35 through a coupling. The guide cylinder 3 has a rotating mechanism for the two drill rods 12 to rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions.

[0048] The top of the guide cylinder 3 is provided with a cover plate 34 for sealing its internal structure, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the cover plate 34.

[0049] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a third plate 43, which is installed between the second plate 33 and the bottom of the guide cylinder 3. A through hole is provided on the third plate 43, and a second limiting member 37 is rotatably disposed within the through hole. A second groove adapted to the limiting strip is provided on the inner wall of the second limiting member 37. A plurality of first limiting ratchet teeth 42 are arranged around the sidewalls of the first limiting member 36 and the second limiting member 37, and a plurality of first limiting ratchet teeth 42 are arranged around the sidewalls of the second limiting member 37. The second limiting ratchet 39 is embedded between two adjacent first limiting ratchets 42. The first plate 32 is provided between the third plate 43 and the bottom of the guide cylinder 3. Several adjusting springs 38 connected to the third plate 43 are arranged around the first plate 32. The ratchet 40 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second limiting member 37. The limiting tooth 41 is rotatably provided on the side wall of the third plate 43 through a pin. Part of the limiting tooth 41 is embedded between the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 40.

[0050] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the operator controls the drone body 1 to reach the upper side of the dangerous rock mass, and then the operator controls the drone body 1 to descend to the surface of the dangerous rock mass.

[0051] Before drilling begins, the initial state of the drill string 4 and drill bit 9 in the guide tube 3 is as follows: the upper part of the drill string 4 passes through the second limiting member 37 and the first limiting member 36 and is placed in the housing 2, and the drill bit 9 is exposed in the guide tube 3 and in contact with the ground.

[0052] When preparing to drill holes in the surface of the unstable rock mass, the first drive motor in the second drive mechanism must be started first. This causes the mounting ring 8 and components such as the rotating seat 21 and ring body 17 located on the mounting ring 8 to rotate within the housing 2 until the locking mechanism on the rotating seat 21 reaches the lower side of the corresponding fixed seat 13. At this time, the telescopic end of the second push rod 26 in the locking mechanism pushes the limiting locking seat 27 located on the guide seat 24 to embed into the limiting channel located at the bottom of the fixed seat 13. Then, the first push rod 15 in the fixing mechanism will pull the locking seat 11 gradually out of the locking groove provided on the fixed seat 13, without interfering with the subsequent movement of the fixed seat 13.

[0053] Subsequently, the first drive motor in the second drive mechanism causes the ring 17 located in the mounting ring 8 to rotate in a circular motion via the second drive gear 22. The toothed blocks 18 on the ring 17 will be successively embedded into the inner toothed grooves 25 provided on the inner wall of the rotating seat 21, causing the rotating seat 21 to rotate around the mounting ring 8 from the inside to the outside. This rotates the horizontal drill rod 12 90° in the housing 2 and makes it coaxial with the center of the circle where the guide cylinder 3 is located, thus completing the position adjustment of the drill rod 12. If the center of drill rod 12 is not coaxial with the center of drill tool 4, the telescopic end of the horizontal second push rod 26 will continue to push the drill rod 12 located on the fixed seat 13 to move radially in the circle where drill tool 4 is located until the drill rod 12 and drill tool 4 are coaxial. After the drill rod 12 and drill tool 4 are coaxial, they are assembled. At this time, the third push rod 28 in the guide seat 24 causes the drill rod 12 on the fixed seat 13 to move vertically toward the drill tool 4 through the limit seat 27, displacement seat 29 and guide groove 14.

[0054] The third drive motor in the third drive mechanism, through the third drive gear 35 and the external gear ring, causes the first limiting member 36 and the second limiting member 37 to jointly make the drill bit 4 move clockwise in the guide cylinder 3. At this time, the drill rod 12 is fixed on the fixed seat 13 by the electromagnetic lock and gradually moves downward under the push of the third push rod 28. The small diameter section of the drill rod 12 is embedded in the drill bit 4, so that the two are threadedly connected. After the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 4 are spliced, the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 4 gradually penetrate into the ground surface under the drive of the drill bit 9 and the third drive motor. During the rotation of the drill bit 9, it can also apply a pulling force to the drill bit 4 through the helical blades, which can speed up the drilling efficiency and drill a suitable hole, providing favorable conditions for the installation of the sensor 30. The above actions are repeated to complete the splicing of the drill rod 12 and drill a deeper hole. After drilling is completed, the cutting tool in the cutting device 7 will be released to the connecting rope 31 in the material guide channel 6 and cut off, and the sensor 30 placed at the end will be guided into the borehole through multiple drill rods 12 and the channel in the drill tool 4.

[0055] After sensor 30 is released, drill rod 12 needs to be removed from drill string 4 via a rotating mechanism, and then the removed drill rod 12 needs to be placed on the corresponding fixed seat 13 via an adjusting mechanism. The process of separating two interlocking drill rods 12 or separating interlocking drill rods 12 from drill string 4 via the rotating mechanism is as follows:

[0056] First, the third drive motor in the third drive mechanism causes any drill rod 12 meshing with the first limiting member 36 to make a counterclockwise circular motion in the guide cylinder 3 through the third drive gear 35 and the outer gear ring; any drill rod 12 meshing with the second limiting member 37 stops rotating in the guide cylinder 3 under the restriction of the ratchet 40 and the limiting teeth 41; and when performing the disassembly action, the splicing point of the two spliced ​​drill rods 12 or the splicing point of the spliced ​​drill rods 12 and the drill tool 4 is located in the space opposite to the first limiting member 36 and the second limiting member 37.

[0057] During the separation of drill pipe 12 from drill tool 4, the first limiting ratchet 42 on the first limiting member 36 and the second limiting ratchet 39 on the second limiting member 37 disengage, and the first limiting ratchet 42 on the first limiting member 36 applies a downward thrust in the vertical direction to the second limiting member 37, so that the first limiting member 36 and the second limiting member 37 can separate more completely in the instant of rotation, without hindering the first limiting member 36 from making counterclockwise rotational movements, which can speed up the separation process of two interlocking drill pipes 12 or interlocking drill pipes 12 from drill tool 4. Part of the drill rod 12 connected to the drill bit 4 enters the housing 2 and the groove on the fixed seat 13. Then, the guide seat 24 is controlled to move downward in the vertical direction by the third push rod 28, so that the drill rod 12 is completely inserted into the groove. The drill rod 12 is locked in the groove by the limiting mechanism. Then, the adjusting mechanism drives the fixed seat 13 with the drill rod 12 loaded to rotate 90°. The fixed seat 13 is kept in a horizontal state in the housing 2 and is fixed in the housing 2 by the fixing mechanism, in preparation for the next drilling. The above actions are repeated to disassemble all the subsequent drill rods 12.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation, characterized in that, The system includes a drone body (1), on which a shell (2) is mounted. A guide cylinder (3) communicating with the shell (2) is located on the side wall away from the drone body (1). A drill bit (4) is inserted inside the guide cylinder (3), and a drill bit (9) is mounted at the end of the drill bit (4). A slag discharge channel is opened on the outer side wall of the drill bit (4). The guide cylinder (3) is equipped with a third drive mechanism to drive the drill bit (4) to rotate. Several drill rods (12) are mounted on the shell (2). All drill rods (12) are detachably connected to the drill tool (4). The housing (2) is provided with an adjustment mechanism for driving the drill rods (12) and the drill tool (4) to be spliced. A material guide channel (6) is installed in the housing (2). The end of the material guide channel (6) is connected to the drill tool (4). Several sensors (30) are provided in the material guide channel (6). A connecting rope (31) is provided between any two adjacent sensors (30). A cutting device (7) for cutting the connecting rope is provided on the outer wall of the material guide channel (6). The housing (2) is provided with a plurality of fixed seats (13) corresponding one-to-one with the drill rod (12). The side wall of the fixed seat (13) is provided with a groove adapted to the drill rod (12). The groove is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the displacement of the drill rod (12). The inner wall of the housing (2) is provided with a fixing mechanism that is detachably connected to the fixed seat (13). The fixing mechanism includes a first push rod (15) installed on the inner wall of the housing (2), a card seat (11) is provided on the free end of the first push rod (15), a locking groove is provided on the side wall of the fixing seat (13) opposite to the inner wall of the housing (2), and a portion of the card seat (11) is embedded in the locking groove. The adjustment mechanism includes an installation ring (8) installed inside the housing (2). The side wall of the installation ring (8) is provided with an annular limiting groove. A matching ring body (17) is installed in the limiting groove. Several toothed blocks (18) are arranged around the side wall of the ring body (17). A rotating seat (21) is fitted on the installation ring (8). Several internal toothed grooves (25) that match the toothed blocks (18) are opened on the inner wall of the rotating seat (21). The internal toothed grooves (25) are inclined on the inner wall of the rotating seat (21). The installation ring (8) is provided with a first driving mechanism to drive the ring body (17) to move. The outer side wall of the rotating seat (21) is provided with an installation seat (23). The installation seat (23) is provided with a locking mechanism that is detachably connected to the fixed seat (13). The housing (2) is provided with a second driving mechanism to drive the installation ring (8) to perform circular motion.

2. The UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes a second push rod (26) mounted on the mounting base (23). A guide seat (24) is mounted on the telescopic end of the second push rod (26). A limiting seat (27) is detachably provided on the guide seat (24). A limiting channel adapted to the limiting seat (27) is opened at the bottom of the fixed base (13).

3. The UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide seat (24) has a guide groove (14) on its side wall along its extension direction. A displacement seat (29) adapted to it is slidably provided in the guide groove (14). The displacement seat (29) is connected to the limiting seat (27). The guide seat (24) has an installation chamber (16). A third push rod (28) is installed in the installation chamber (16). A slide is provided at the bottom of the guide groove (14) that communicates with the installation chamber (16). A connecting block is provided in the slide that connects to the displacement seat (29) and the telescopic end of the third push rod (28).

4. The UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism includes a second driving gear (22) rotatably mounted on the mounting ring (8). The outer side wall of the mounting ring (8) has a window communicating with the limiting groove. A portion of the second driving gear (22) is embedded in the window. The outer side wall of the ring body (17) has multiple tooth grooves adapted to the second driving gear (22). The outer side wall of the mounting ring (8) has a second driving motor that is connected to the second driving gear (22) in a transmission.

5. A UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second drive mechanism includes an internal gear ring (19) mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting ring (8), a first drive gear disc (20) meshing with the internal gear ring (19) is provided on the bottom wall of the housing (2), and a first drive motor that is connected to the first drive gear disc (20) is provided on the bottom wall of the housing (2).

6. A UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third drive mechanism includes a second plate (33) installed inside the guide cylinder (3). The second plate (33) has an installation port. A first limiting member (36) is rotatably installed inside the installation port. Multiple limiting strips are arranged around the outer wall of the drill rod (12). A first slot adapted to the limiting strip is opened on the inner wall of the first limiting member (36). A third drive gear (35) is rotatably installed on the second plate (33) and is connected to the first limiting member (36). A third drive motor is installed on the second plate (33) and is connected to the third drive gear (35). The guide cylinder (3) has a rotating mechanism for two drill rods (12) to rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions.

7. A UAV rock detection device for geological disaster investigation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a third plate (43), which is installed between the second plate (33) and the bottom of the guide cylinder (3). The third plate (43) has a through hole, and a second limiting member (37) is rotatably installed in the through hole. The inner wall of the second limiting member (37) has a second slot that matches the limiting strip. The side walls of the first limiting member (36) and the second limiting member (37) opposite to each other are provided with a plurality of first limiting ratchet teeth (42), and the side walls of the second limiting member (37) are provided with a plurality of second limiting ratchet teeth. A tooth (39), any one of the second limiting ratchet teeth (39) is embedded between two adjacent first limiting ratchet teeth (42), a first plate (32) is provided between the bottom of the third plate (43) and the guide cylinder (3), a plurality of adjusting springs (38) connected to the third plate (43) are arranged around the first plate (32), a ratchet (40) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the second limiting member (37), and a limiting tooth (41) is rotatably provided on the side wall of the third plate (43), and a portion of the limiting tooth (41) is embedded between the ratchet teeth of the ratchet (40).

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