High-Temperature Lead-Bismuth Environmental Static Testing Apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static testing device, which includes a simulated lower locking structure, an experimental vessel, a mechanical loading mechanism, a load displacement monitoring mechanism, a lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, and a dissolved oxygen control mechanism. This high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static testing device houses a simulated core lower plate and a simulated tail connection in an experimental vessel. A high-temperature lead-bismuth testing environment is created through the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism, the temperature control mechanism, and the dissolved oxygen control mechanism. The mechanical loading mechanism applies a load to the simulated tail connection, allowing for static insertion and extraction movements between the assembled simulated tail connection and the simulated core lower plate. This enables the testing of the lower locking structure's insertion / extraction, periodic static load, temperature cycling, and other mechanical properties in a controlled-oxygen high-temperature lead-bismuth metal environment, verifying whether the overall mechanical properties of the simulated lower locking structure meet the mechanical design requirements of lead-bismuth fast reactor components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power engineering testing technology, and in particular to a high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static testing device. Background Technology

[0002] In the primary loop of a lead-bismuth fast reactor, the density of the lead-bismuth coolant is relatively high compared to the fuel assembly. This results in the coolant buoyancy force on the assembly being greater than its weight. Combined with the hydraulic load generated by the coolant flow, the net force on the fuel assembly within the reactor is upward. To secure the fuel assembly, a lower tail connector is designed at the bottom of the assembly, which, through its cooperation with the lower core plate, forms a lower locking structure. The design of the lower locking structure is a key aspect of the fuel assembly structural design, and its mechanical properties are crucial for evaluating and verifying the assembly's mechanical design. Therefore, it is necessary to study the insertion, extraction, and temperature cycling tests of the lower locking structure to obtain its mechanical properties and provide a basis for structural optimization. However, research on the mechanical properties of the aforementioned lower locking friction pair structure is lacking both domestically and internationally. Furthermore, no research has been conducted on the insertion / extraction, cyclic static load, temperature cycling, and other mechanical property tests of the lower locking structure in a controlled oxygen high-temperature lead-bismuth metal environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to construct a high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device, which includes a simulated lower locking structure, an experimental vessel, a mechanical loading mechanism, a load displacement monitoring mechanism, a lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, and a dissolved oxygen control mechanism;

[0005] The simulated lower locking structure includes a core lower plate simulation component and a tail connection simulation component, both of which are housed in the experimental vessel.

[0006] The mechanical loading mechanism is connected to the experimental vessel and is used to apply a load to the tail connection simulation component;

[0007] The load-displacement monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the applied load and displacement values ​​of the mechanical loading mechanism during the test.

[0008] The lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism is used to melt and transfer lead-bismuth;

[0009] The temperature control mechanism is used to control the test temperature in the experimental vessel;

[0010] The dissolved oxygen control mechanism is used to control the oxygen content in the experimental vessel and the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism includes a melting vessel, which is connected to the experimental vessel via a melting connection pipeline, and the melting connection pipeline is provided with a first filter device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the dissolved oxygen control mechanism includes a dissolved oxygen control treatment device, which is connected to the experimental vessel via a first oxygen control connection line, and the first oxygen control connection line is connected to the melting vessel via a second oxygen control connection line.

[0013] In some embodiments, the dissolved oxygen control device includes an argon-hydrogen mixed gas output controller, an argon-oxygen mixed gas output controller, and an argon output controller.

[0014] In some embodiments, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static test apparatus further includes a cooling circulation mechanism, which includes a cooling device. The cooling device is connected to the experimental vessel via a first cooling connection pipeline, and the first cooling connection pipeline is connected to the melting vessel via a second cooling connection pipeline.

[0015] In some embodiments, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static test apparatus further includes a pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring the pressure value inside the test vessel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static test apparatus further includes a liquid level monitoring mechanism, which is used to monitor the lead-bismuth liquid level in the experimental vessel.

[0017] In some embodiments, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static testing device further includes a transition piece, through which the mechanical loading mechanism is connected to the tail connection simulation piece.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tail connection simulator and the transition piece are connected by threads, and the core lower plate simulator is connected to the experimental vessel by a flange.

[0019] In some embodiments, the experimental vessel is provided with a second filtration device, and the melting vessel is provided with a third filtration device.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test apparatus houses the core lower plate simulation component and the tail connection simulation component in an experimental vessel. A high-temperature lead-bismuth test environment is created through a lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, and a dissolved oxygen control mechanism. A mechanical loading mechanism applies a load to the tail connection simulation component, enabling static insertion and extraction movements between the assembled tail connection simulation component and the core lower plate simulation component. This allows for multiple insertions and extractions between the tail connection simulation component and the core lower plate simulation component under high-temperature lead-bismuth conditions. It also allows for the application of periodic static load cycles when the tail connection simulation component and the core lower plate simulation component are fully inserted. Furthermore, it allows for the application of temperature cycling loads and corresponding linearly varying extraction force loads when the tail connection simulation component and the core lower plate simulation component are fully inserted. This enables the testing and research of insertion / extraction / periodic static load / temperature cycling / other mechanical properties of the lower locking structure in a controlled-oxygen high-temperature lead-bismuth metal environment, verifying whether the overall mechanical properties of the simulated lower locking structure meet the mechanical design requirements of lead-bismuth fast reactor components. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the specific structure at point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this invention, specific embodiments are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," and "tail" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. When an component is referred to as being "on" or "below" another component, the component can be located "directly" or "indirectly" on the other component, or there may be one or more intermediary components. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," "third," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention relates to a high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static testing device, which includes a simulated lower locking structure 1, an experimental vessel 2, a mechanical loading mechanism 3, a load displacement monitoring mechanism 4, a lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5, a temperature control mechanism 6, and a dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7. The simulated lower locking structure 1 includes a core lower plate simulation component 11 and a tail connection simulation component 12, both housed within the experimental vessel 2. The mechanical loading mechanism 3 is connected to the experimental vessel 2 and applies a load to the tail connection simulation component 12. The load displacement monitoring mechanism 4 monitors the applied load and displacement values ​​of the mechanical loading mechanism 3 during the test. The lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5 melts and transfers the lead-bismuth. The temperature control mechanism 6 controls the test temperature within the experimental vessel 2. The dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7 controls the oxygen content in the experimental vessel 2 and the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5.

[0027] Specifically, lead and bismuth are mainly used as coolants in the nuclear power field. Lead-bismuth alloys, due to their high density, high thermal conductivity, and good chemical stability, are ideal coolant materials. In fast neutron reactors, lead-bismuth alloys can effectively absorb and dissipate heat, ensuring the safe operation of the reactor. This invention simulates the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment of 180–320°C in the primary loop of a lead-bismuth fast reactor. The friction pair is composed of a core lower plate simulation component 11 and a tail connection simulation component 12, which has significant practical implications in the development of nuclear power. The purpose of this invention is to study and quantitatively analyze the mechanical properties of the lower locking structure in a novel, independently developed lead-bismuth fast reactor fuel assembly.

[0028] The lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5 includes a melting vessel 51, which is connected to the experimental vessel 2 via a melting connection pipeline 52. Understandably, this melting connection pipeline 52 is a circulation pipeline. Before the experiment begins, lead-bismuth is melted and transferred using the melting connection pipeline 52, combined with vacuuming and argon injection to achieve lead-bismuth melting and transfer. Through the function of the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5, functions such as lead melting, lead injection, and lead removal can be achieved. Simultaneously, combined with the temperature control mechanism 6, a high-temperature lead-bismuth experimental environment that meets the required conditions can be created.

[0029] In addition, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device also includes a transition piece 93, through which the mechanical loading mechanism 3 is connected to the tail connection simulation piece 12. The transition piece 93 is an intermediate structure connecting the mechanical loading mechanism 3 and the tail connection simulation piece 12, and different types of tail connection simulation pieces 12 can be connected and fixed to the mechanical loading mechanism 3 by switching the transition piece 93.

[0030] The experimental vessel 2 simulates the high-temperature lead-bismuth test environment of the primary loop of a lead-bismuth fast reactor. The core lower plate simulation component 11 serves as the test piece and can be connected to the experimental vessel 2 via a flange. For this test, the bottom of the core lower plate simulation component 11 is modified into a flange shape for flange connection to the experimental vessel 2. The connection method can also be designed and modified according to actual needs to achieve connection and fixation between different types of inserts and the experimental vessel 2. During the test, the core lower plate simulation component 11 serves as the insert and remains connected and fixed to the bottom of the experimental vessel 2. The tail connection simulation component 12 is also a test piece. It is connected to the transition component 93 via threads. A threaded hole can be machined on the upper end of the tail connection simulation component 12 for threaded connection with the transition component 93. The connection method can also be designed and modified according to actual needs to achieve connection and fixation between different types of inserts and the mechanical loading mechanism 3. During the test, the mechanical loading mechanism 3 can apply loads to the tail connection simulation component 12 to achieve insertion / removal tests and periodic static loading tests. During the installation of the simulated lower locking structure 1, the core lower plate simulation component 11 can be loosened first, and the tail connection simulation component 12 can be locked. After the core lower plate simulation component 11 is first inserted into the tail connection simulation component 12, the core lower plate simulation component 11 is locked again to ensure the alignment during the mechanical loading process. During the test, the core lower plate simulation component 11 is connected and fixed to the experimental vessel 2.

[0031] The mechanical loading mechanism 3 may include a servo drive system and a transmission structure. The servo drive system can drive the entire transmission structure and the tail connection simulation component 12 to perform up and down insertion and removal tests, thereby achieving the insertion and removal test. The mechanical loading mechanism 3 can also apply periodic static load cycles to the tail connection simulation component 12 when it is fully inserted between the tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11 to complete the periodic static loading test.

[0032] Furthermore, the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test apparatus uses a fixed core lower plate simulation component 11 and a mechanical loading mechanism 3 to apply displacement loads to the tail connection simulation component 12 to conduct insertion and extraction tests. During the test, the load displacement monitoring mechanism 4 monitors the applied load value and the loaded displacement value of the mechanical loading mechanism 3. That is, the load displacement monitoring mechanism 4 continuously monitors the changes in the extraction force and loaded displacement during the test and can synchronously output the load-displacement curve to ensure that the test process is always real and effective. The temperature control mechanism 6 can control the test temperature in the experimental vessel 2. A linear correspondence can be set between the force loading system of the mechanical loading mechanism 3 and the temperature control mechanism 6 to achieve temperature and load correspondence loading of 180℃→akN and 320℃→bkN.

[0033] The high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test apparatus also includes a pressure monitoring mechanism 91, which is used to monitor the pressure value inside the experimental vessel 2. The pressure monitoring mechanism 91 can monitor pressure changes inside the experimental vessel 2 and simultaneously verify the airtightness of the experimental vessel 2, thereby ensuring the effective control of the oxygen environment.

[0034] In addition, the dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7 includes a dissolved oxygen control treatment device 71, which is connected to the experimental vessel 2 via a first oxygen control connection line 72. The first oxygen control connection line 72 is also connected to the melting vessel 51 via a second oxygen control connection line 73. The dissolved oxygen control treatment device 71 includes an argon-hydrogen mixed gas output controller 711, an argon-oxygen mixed gas output controller 712, and an argon gas output controller 713. This dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7 can achieve oxygen removal through a reduction reaction by injecting argon-hydrogen mixed gas into the first or second oxygen control connection line 72 or 73, or it can achieve oxygen control through an oxidation reaction by injecting argon-oxygen mixed gas into either the first or second oxygen control connection line 72 or 73. The combination of these two gases ensures that the experimental environment is always under effective oxygen control. Furthermore, the introduction of argon gas into the experimental vessel 2 or the melting vessel 51 as a heat exchange medium provides double protection to ensure the cooling rate.

[0035] The high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static testing apparatus also includes a liquid level monitoring mechanism 92, which is used to monitor the lead-bismuth liquid level in the experimental vessel 2. Specifically, the liquid level monitoring mechanism 92 may include multiple liquid level gauges. By installing liquid level gauges at three positions (high, medium, and low) in the experimental vessel 2, real-time monitoring of the liquid level is achieved, ensuring that the lead injection and lead discharge processes are always under effective quantitative control.

[0036] The high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static testing apparatus also includes a cooling circulation mechanism, which comprises a cooling device 81. The cooling device 81 is connected to the experimental vessel 2 via a first cooling connection pipe 82, and the first cooling connection pipe 82 is connected to the melting vessel 51 via a second cooling connection pipe 83. This cooling circulation mechanism can cool down the components in the experimental vessel 2 or the melting vessel 51 by injecting cooling water, thus achieving a transition between the high-temperature testing environment and the ambient temperature environment.

[0037] The melting connection pipeline 52 is equipped with a first filter device 53, the experimental vessel 2 is equipped with a second filter device, and the melting vessel 51 is equipped with a third filter device. Through multi-layer filtration, it can be ensured that the lead-bismuth environment in the experimental vessel 2 where the insertion and removal test is carried out is always in a low-impurity and effectively oxygen-controlled environment.

[0038] Understandably, this high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test apparatus houses the core lower plate simulation component 11 and the tail connection simulation component 12 in the experimental vessel 2. A high-temperature lead-bismuth test environment is created through the lead-bismuth melting and transfer mechanism 5, the temperature control mechanism 6, and the dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7. A load is applied to the tail connection simulation component 12 through the mechanical loading mechanism 3, enabling static insertion and removal movements between the assembled tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11. This allows for multiple insertions and removals between the tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11 under high-temperature lead-bismuth conditions. Periodic static load cycles can be applied when the lower tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11 are fully inserted. Temperature cycle loads and corresponding linearly varying pull-out force loads can also be applied when the lower tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11 are fully inserted. This enables the testing and research of insertion / pull-out / periodic static load / temperature cycle / other mechanical properties of the lower locking structure in an oxygen-controlled high-temperature lead-bismuth metal environment, in order to verify whether the overall mechanical properties of the simulated lower locking structure 1 meet the mechanical design requirements of the lead-bismuth fast reactor assembly.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static testing apparatus are as follows:

[0040] 1. This high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device can simulate the high-temperature lead-bismuth environment of 180-320℃ in the primary loop of a lead-bismuth fast reactor. The friction pair is formed by the tail connection simulation component 12 and the core lower plate simulation component 11. It has important practical significance in the development of nuclear power.

[0041] 2. By providing a first filter device 53 on the melting connection pipeline 52, a second filter device in the experimental vessel 2, and a third filter device in the melting vessel 51, multi-layer filtration is achieved, ensuring that the lead-bismuth environment in the experimental vessel 2 where insertion and removal tests are carried out is always in a low-impurity and effectively oxygen-controlled environment.

[0042] 3. The liquid level of the lead-bismuth solution in the experimental vessel 2 can be quantitatively adjusted by adjusting the height of the liquid level monitoring mechanism 92. At the same time, the presence or absence of different liquid level indicator lights can be used to determine whether the lead injection and lead removal in the experimental vessel 2 meet the experimental requirements, ensuring that the lead-bismuth transfer process and the liquid level adjustment in the experimental vessel 2 are both quantitatively operated, which effectively improves the accuracy of the experiment.

[0043] 4. A multi-level oxygen control system is achieved through dissolved oxygen control mechanism 7, so that experimental vessel 2 and melting vessel 51 are always in an effective oxygen control environment. Before the lead-bismuth transfer, experimental vessel 2 can be evacuated or evacuated multiple times. After the lead-bismuth transfer, the temperature is raised in time to control the oxygen until the oxygen content reaches the standard before the experiment can be carried out.

[0044] 5. The temperature control mechanism 6 enables multiple temperature cycles from 180 to 320 and back to 180°C, improving the stability and accuracy of the experiment;

[0045] 6. Through the common interface connection methods such as transition piece 93 and flange, it can be used to carry out static performance testing and quantitative analysis of friction pairs formed by any structural component in a high-temperature lead-bismuth environment;

[0046] 7. This high-temperature lead-bismuth environmental static testing device can achieve automatic gas switching and automatic cooling water switching, saving labor costs;

[0047] 8. Except for the installation and alignment of the simulated lower locking structure 1, which requires manual operation, all other operations of this high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device can be controlled by software and control cabinet system, which effectively improves the intelligence of device operation and greatly saves labor costs.

[0048] 9. This high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test apparatus can not only perform mechanical performance testing on the lower locking friction pair structure of the primary circuit of a lead-bismuth fast reactor, but also conduct insertion and extraction performance testing and quantitative analysis of the lower locking friction pair formed by simulating the lower core plate and the lower tail connector of other similar fuel assemblies under high-temperature lead-bismuth environment; it can also conduct mechanical performance testing on other structures under other high-temperature liquid metal environments; and it can also conduct high-temperature environment verification tests on instruments used in liquid metal environments.

[0049] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above technical features without departing from the concept of the present invention, and can also make several modifications and improvements, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made with respect to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature lead-bismuth environment static test device, characterized by, The simulation lower locking structure (1), the experimental kettle (2), the mechanical loading mechanism (3), the load displacement monitoring mechanism (4), the lead bismuth melting transfer mechanism (5), the temperature control mechanism (6) and the dissolved oxygen control mechanism (7) are included. The simulation lower locking structure (1) includes a core lower plate simulation piece (11) and a tail connection simulation piece (12), and the core lower plate simulation piece (11) and the tail connection simulation piece (12) are accommodated in the experimental kettle (2). The mechanical loading mechanism (3) is connected to the experimental kettle (2) and is used for applying load to the tail connection simulation piece (12). The load displacement monitoring mechanism (4) is used for monitoring the load value and the load displacement value of the mechanical loading mechanism (3) in the test process. The lead bismuth melting transfer mechanism (5) is used for melting and transferring lead bismuth. The temperature control mechanism (6) is used for controlling the test temperature in the experimental kettle (2). The dissolved oxygen control mechanism (7) is used for controlling the oxygen content in the experimental kettle (2) and the lead bismuth melting transfer mechanism (5). The lead bismuth melting transfer mechanism (5) includes a melting kettle (51). The dissolved oxygen control mechanism (7) includes a dissolved oxygen control processing device (71), the dissolved oxygen control processing device (71) is connected to the experimental kettle (2) through a first oxygen control connecting pipeline (72), and the first oxygen control connecting pipeline (72) is connected to the melting kettle (51) through a second oxygen control connecting pipeline (73). The dissolved oxygen control processing device (71) includes an argon-hydrogen mixed gas output controller (711), an argon-oxygen mixed gas output controller (712) and an argon gas output controller (713).

2. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that The melting kettle (51) is connected to the experimental kettle (2) through a melting connecting pipeline (52), and a first filtering device (53) is arranged on the melting connecting pipeline (52).

3. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device according to claim 1, characterized by The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device further includes a cooling circulation mechanism, the cooling circulation mechanism includes a cooling device (81), the cooling device (81) is connected with the experimental kettle (2) through a first cooling connecting pipeline (82), and the first cooling connecting pipeline (82) is connected with the melting kettle (51) through a second cooling connecting pipeline (83).

4. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device further includes a pressure monitoring mechanism (91), the pressure monitoring mechanism (91) is used for monitoring the pressure value in the experimental kettle (2).

5. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device according to claim 1, characterized by The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device further includes a liquid level monitoring mechanism (92), the liquid level monitoring mechanism (92) is used for monitoring the lead bismuth liquid level in the experimental kettle (2).

6. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device further includes a transition piece (93), the mechanical loading mechanism (3) is connected with the tail connection simulation piece (12) through the transition piece (93).

7. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test device according to claim 6, characterized in that The tail connection simulation piece (12) and the transition piece (93) are connected through threads, and the core lower plate simulation piece (11) and the experimental kettle (2) are connected through flanges.

8. The high-temperature lead bismuth environment static test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The experimental kettle (2) is internally provided with a second filtering device, and the melting kettle (51) is internally provided with a third filtering device.

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