A testing device and method for simulating combustion of green fuel under thermal flow field of internal combustion engine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of test device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under internal combustion engine heat flow field, including constant volume bomb, its upper end is equipped with oil injector end cover, and oil injector is installed on oil injector end cover;Including observation window, and through window end cover and constant volume bomb are tightly connected;Including servo motor is connected to the bottom of constant volume bomb, and is connected with servo driver through encoder line, is connected with servo driver through power line;Servo motor is connected with multi-blade propeller located at the bottom inside constant volume bomb through shafting;Constant volume bomb is equipped with heating device and thermocouple;Constant volume bomb upper portion is sequentially connected with exhaust valve and tail gas treatment device, and lower portion is sequentially connected with air inlet valve and high-pressure air bottle.The application is used to simulate the combustion test of multiple green fuels under the condition of the in-cylinder heat flow field characteristics of engine working stroke by adjusting the temperature and pressure in constant volume bomb, replacing oil injector end cover to replace the oil injector used for different fuels.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of power and energy engineering, and particularly relates to a test device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under a thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a common power device, the internal combustion engine has the advantages of good fuel economy, high thermal efficiency, large torque, good durability and economy, and has been widely used in the fields of aerospace, transportation, national defense equipment, etc. Since the birth of the internal combustion engine, it has been continuously updated and optimized in pursuit of excellent power and economy.

[0003] With the iterative development of the internal combustion engine technology, the global emission standards for pollutants of the internal combustion engine are becoming more stringent, so the internal combustion engine is continuously improved towards high efficiency and cleanliness. In order to reduce carbon emissions of the internal combustion engine, experimental research work needs to be carried out for different strokes of the working cycle of the internal combustion engine. Especially for the combustion characteristics of the power stroke, the more uniform the fuel and air mixture, the more sufficient the mixture combustion; the above process is closely related to the in-cylinder turbulence intensity of the engine, and increasing the in-cylinder air turbulence intensity can promote the uniformity of the oil-gas mixture, but strong turbulence will increase the heat dissipation of the engine, thereby reducing the efficiency of the engine. With the proposal of the double carbon strategy, the increasingly stringent carbon dioxide emission regulations will promote future engines to use more green low / zero carbon fuels, so it is urgent to test and analyze the combustion characteristics of various green fuels in a simulated engine working environment. Green carbon fuels include green alcohols, biodiesel, hydrogen and ammonia, etc. For different fuels, due to the particularity of their physical and chemical properties, the specifications of the fuel injectors used in the internal combustion engine are also different, so in order to analyze the combustion characteristics of different fuels, the test device needs to be able to adapt to various different fuel injectors. Considering the size and structural particularity of different fuel injectors, in order to ensure the air tightness of the combustion chamber, the test device needs to have good interchangeability of the fuel injectors, so as to test the combustion characteristics of different fuels under variable thermal turbulence fields. However, in reality, optical test devices that can simultaneously control the thermal field and turbulence intensity in the combustion chamber to simulate engine-like working conditions are very rare, and if they also meet the needs of different green fuel combustion, the existing test equipment is almost blank, so a test device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under an engine thermal flow field are urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a test device and method for simulating green fuel combustion under an engine thermal flow field.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A kind of test device for simulating green fuel combustion under the heat flow field of internal combustion engine, comprising constant volume bomb, oil atomizer, spark plug, oil atomizer end cover, observation window, intake valve, high-pressure air bottle, multi-blade propeller, servo motor, power line, encoder line, servo driver, heating device, thermocouple, window end cover, rubber gasket, exhaust valve, exhaust treatment device;

[0007] The oil atomizer end cover is installed on the upper end of the constant volume bomb, and the oil atomizer is installed on the oil atomizer end cover;The observation window is tightly connected with the constant volume bomb through the window end cover;The servo motor is connected to the bottom of the constant volume bomb, and is connected with the servo driver through the encoder line and the servo driver through the power line;The servo motor is connected with the multi-blade propeller located at the bottom of the constant volume bomb through the shafting;The constant volume bomb is provided with a heating device and a thermocouple inside;The constant volume bomb is sequentially connected with the exhaust valve and the exhaust treatment device at the upper part, and is sequentially connected with the intake valve and the high-pressure air bottle at the lower part.

[0008] Further, the inner wall of the constant volume bomb is cylindrical, consistent with the shape of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine.

[0009] Further, the outer wall of the constant volume bomb is rectangular.

[0010] Further, the oil atomizer end cover is connected with the constant volume bomb through fixing bolts, and the spark plug is installed on the oil atomizer end cover.

[0011] Further, the observation window is 4, cut from quartz glass;The quartz glass is connected with the constant volume bomb through the window end cover by fixing bolts, and the air tightness of the constant volume bomb is ensured by using rubber gaskets.

[0012] Further, the servo driver outputs motor start and speed signals to the servo motor through the encoder line;The servo motor outputs power signals through the power line.

[0013] Further, the servo motor is provided with a power port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

[0014] Further, the heating device inside the constant volume bomb is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller.

[0015] Further, the thermocouple inside the constant volume bomb is located at the upper part and symmetrically installed two, for monitoring the temperature inside the constant volume bomb.

[0016] A kind of test method for simulating green fuel combustion under the heat flow field of internal combustion engine, steps as follows:

[0017] Step 1: before starting the device, select the oil atomizer suitable for the required test fuel and customize the oil atomizer end cover suitable for the oil atomizer.

[0018] Step 2: The device starts and the test begins;

[0019] The test fuel is divided into two cases:

[0020] (1) For ignition fuels, the corresponding fuel injector end cap needs to be equipped with both the fuel injector and the spark plug;

[0021] Determine the fuel injection time, duration, and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronization controller;

[0022] Determine the in-cylinder temperature required for the ignition of the test fuel, and adjust the temperature inside the constant-volume bomb at that moment through a heating device;

[0023] Adjust the pressure inside the constant-volume bomb to the specified pressure through a high-pressure air bottle;

[0024] Drive the servo motor to start working through a servo driver, and adjust the servo motor speed to achieve the specified turbulence intensity inside the constant-volume bomb;

[0025] Start the fuel injector, and the high-pressure test fuel jet enters the test device. In the fuel spray process, the spark plug is ignited simultaneously to ignite the fuel and make it burn;

[0026] Four observation windows are selected to record the combustion characteristics using optical testing equipment;

[0027] (2) For compression ignition fuels, the corresponding fuel injector end cap only needs to be equipped with the fuel injector;

[0028] Determine the fuel injection time, duration, and injection pressure, and control them through an external synchronization controller;

[0029] Determine the temperature required for the compression ignition of the test fuel, and adjust the temperature inside the constant-volume bomb at that moment through a heating device;

[0030] Adjust the pressure inside the constant-volume bomb to the specified pressure through a high-pressure air bottle;

[0031] Drive the servo motor to start working through a servo driver, and adjust the servo motor speed to achieve the specified turbulence intensity inside the constant-volume bomb;

[0032] Start the fuel injector, and the high-pressure test fuel jet enters the test device. In the fuel spray process, the spark plug is ignited simultaneously to ignite the fuel and make it burn;

[0033] Four observation windows are selected to record the combustion characteristics using optical testing equipment;

[0034] Step 3: The combustion ends;

[0035] The exhaust valve and the intake valve are opened at the same time, air enters the lower part of the constant volume bomb from the high pressure air bottle through the pipeline, and is discharged from the upper part of the constant volume bomb, so that the in-cylinder scavenging is completed, and the exhaust gas and air mixture enters the exhaust gas treatment device through the pipeline, and is discharged after purification;

[0036] Step 4: exhaust ends;

[0037] Steps 1 to 3 are repeated to perform multiple repetitive experiments.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0039] The present application uses a cylindrical constant volume bomb inside, which can match the engine cylinder geometry, better simulate the engine cylinder flow field characteristics, and make the test results better applied to vehicle / ship carrying internal combustion engine;

[0040] The present application can simulate the working environment corresponding to different piston positions in the internal combustion engine cylinder by synchronously adjusting the internal pressure and temperature of the constant volume bomb, so as to ignite the fuel by jet ignition or compression ignition mode for combustion test, and the device can be used to analyze the combustion characteristics of the tested green fuel, study the oil-gas matching strategy and ignition time, and provide experimental verification support for improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions; by replacing the oil injector and the matched oil injector end cover, the combustion characteristics of multi-element green fuel can be tested and analyzed; by adjusting the servo motor speed in real time, the in-cylinder turbulence intensity can be accurately controlled, so that the combustion characteristics under different in-cylinder turbulent energy conditions can be tested.

[0041] In summary, the present application can realize the combustion test of multi-element green fuel under the condition of simulating the in-cylinder heat flow field characteristics of the engine working stroke by adjusting the temperature and pressure in the constant volume bomb, replacing the oil injector end cover to replace the oil injectors used for different fuels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Fig. 1(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a replaceable oil injector end cover of a test device and method for simulating green fuel (ignition type fuel) combustion under the condition of engine heat flow field according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 1(b) is a schematic structural diagram of a replaceable oil injector end cover of a test device and method for simulating green fuel (compression ignition type fuel) combustion under the condition of engine heat flow field according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test system for simulating green fuel (ignition type fuel) combustion under the condition of engine heat flow field according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test system for simulating green fuel (compression ignition type fuel) combustion under the condition of engine heat flow field according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] 1 - Constant volume combustion bomb; 2 - Fuel injector; 3 - Spark plug; 4 - Fuel injector end cover; 5 - Observation window; 6 - Intake valve; 7 - High pressure air bottle; 8 - Multi-blade propeller; 9 - Servo motor; 10 - Power line; 11 - Encoder line; 12 - Servo driver; 13 - Heating device; 14 - Thermocouple; 15 - Window end cover; 16 - Rubber gasket; 17 - Exhaust valve; 18 - Exhaust gas treatment device; 19 - Fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 Fig. 1-3, the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is provided with a fuel injector end cover 4 at the upper end, and a fuel injector 2 is installed on the fuel injector end cover 4; the observation window 5 is at least one, and is tightly connected with the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through a window end cover 15; the servo motor 9 is connected to the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, and is connected with the servo driver 12 through an encoder line 11 and a power line 10; the servo motor 9 is connected with a multi-blade propeller 8 located at the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through a shafting; the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is provided with a heating device 13 and a thermocouple 14 inside; the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is sequentially connected with an exhaust valve 17 and an exhaust gas treatment device 18 at the upper part, and is sequentially connected with an intake valve 6 and a high pressure air bottle 7 at the lower part.

[0050] The fuel injector end cover 4 is connected with the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through a fixing bolt 19, and the spark plug 3 is installed on the fuel injector end cover 4.

[0051] The observation window 5 is four, which is cut from quartz glass; the quartz glass is connected with the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through the window end cover 15 by the fixing bolt 19, and the air tightness of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is ensured by using the rubber gasket 16.

[0052] The servo motor 9 is provided with a power port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

[0053] The servo motor 9 is provided with a power port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

[0054] The heating device 13 inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller 8.

[0055] The thermocouple 14 inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is located at the upper part and two are symmetrically installed for monitoring the temperature inside the constant volume combustion bomb 1.

[0056] A test method for simulating the combustion of green fuel under the hot flow field of an engine, the specific working steps are as follows:

[0057] Before the device is started, select the fuel injector 2 that matches the required test fuel and customize the fuel injector end cover 4 that matches the fuel injector 2;

[0058] ① For ignition type fuel (the corresponding fuel injector end cover needs to install both the fuel injector and the spark plug):

[0059] First, determine the related parameters such as fuel jet time, duration and pressure, and use the high-pressure air bottle 7 and the heating device 13 to achieve the purpose of increasing the pressure and temperature in the cylinder to simulate the environmental parameters at that time in the engine cylinder;

[0060] The fuel injector 2 starts to work, the fuel jet enters the bomb, and the spark plug 3 is ignited during the fuel spray process to ignite the spray fuel and make it burn;

[0061] Four observation windows 5 can be used to record the combustion characteristics of one or more windows according to actual test requirements;

[0062] ② For compression type fuel (the corresponding fuel injector end cover only needs to install the fuel injector):

[0063] First, determine the related parameters such as fuel jet time, duration and pressure, and use the high-pressure air bottle 7 and the heating device 13 to achieve the purpose of increasing the pressure and temperature in the cylinder to simulate the environmental parameters at that time in the engine cylinder;

[0064] The fuel injector 2 starts to work, the fuel jet enters the bomb, and the pressure and temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb 1 are adjusted to reach the set value of the test fuel compression ignition to make it burn;

[0065] Four observation windows 5 can be used to record the combustion characteristics of one or more windows according to actual test requirements;

[0066] After the combustion is completed, the exhaust valve 17 and the intake valve 6 are opened at the same time, air enters the lower part of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 from the high-pressure air bottle 7 through the pipeline, and is discharged from the upper part of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 to complete the scavenging, the exhaust gas and air mixture enters the exhaust gas treatment device 18 through the pipeline, and is discharged after purification;

[0067] After the exhaust is completed, the above steps can be repeated for multiple repeated experiments.

[0068] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can have various changes and modifications for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuels under hot flow field of internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The constant volume combustion bomb (1), fuel injector (2), spark plug (3), fuel injector end cover (4), observation window (5), intake valve (6), high pressure air bottle (7), multi-blade propeller (8), servo motor (9), power line (10), encoder line (11), servo driver (12), heating device (13), thermocouple (14), window end cover (15), rubber ring (16), exhaust valve (17), exhaust treatment device (18); The constant volume combustion bomb (1) is provided with a fuel injector end cover (4) at the upper end, and the fuel injector (2) is installed on the fuel injector end cover (4); the observation window (5) is at least one, which is closely connected with the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the window end cover (15); the servo motor (9) is connected to the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb (1), and is connected with the servo driver (12) through the encoder line (11) and the power line (10); the servo motor (9) is connected with the multi-blade propeller (8) located at the bottom of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the shafting; the heating device (13) and the thermocouple (14) are arranged in the constant volume combustion bomb (1); the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is sequentially connected with the exhaust valve (17) and the exhaust treatment device (18) at the upper part, and is sequentially connected with the intake valve (6) and the high pressure air bottle (7) at the lower part; The heating device (13) in the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is located at the lower part and above the multi-blade propeller (8); The fuel injector end cover (4) is connected with the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the fixing bolt (19), and the spark plug (3) is installed on the fuel injector end cover (4); The fuel injector end cover (4) is replaced according to different fuel injectors (2) adapted to the selected test fuel; The observation window (5) is connected with the constant volume combustion bomb (1) through the window end cover (15) by the fixing bolt (19).

2. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The inner wall of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is in a cylindrical shape, which is consistent with the shape of the cylinder sleeve of the internal combustion engine.

3. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The outer wall of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped.

4. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The observation window (5) is four, which is cut from quartz glass; and the rubber ring (16) is used to ensure the air tightness of the constant volume combustion bomb (1).

5. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The servo driver (12) outputs the motor starting and rotating speed signals to the servo motor (9) through the encoder line (11), and outputs the power signal to the servo motor (9) through the power line (10).

6. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The servo motor (9) is provided with a power port, a servo motor connection port and an encoder connection port.

7. A test apparatus for simulating combustion of green fuel under hot flow field of internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The thermocouple (14) in the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is located at the upper part and symmetrically installed two, which is used for monitoring the temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb (1).

8. A test method for testing a test device simulating combustion of green fuel under a thermal flow field of an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Before starting the device, select the fuel injector adapted to the test fuel and customize the fuel injector end cover adapted to the fuel injector; Step 2: Start the device and begin testing; The test fuel is divided into the following two cases: (1) For the ignition type fuel, the corresponding fuel injector end cover needs to be installed with the fuel injector and the spark plug; Determine the fuel jet time, duration and jet pressure, and control through the external synchronous controller; Determine the cylinder temperature required for the ignition of the measured fuel, and adjust the temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment in real time through the heating device and thermocouple, so as to realize the accurate control of the cylinder temperature; Adjust the pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle; Input the specified turbulence field simulation signal to the servo driver, and the servo driver transmits the signal to the servo motor, so as to realize the timing and quantitative control of different turbulence fields; Start the work of the fuel injector, and the high-pressure measured fuel jet enters the test device. In the process of fuel spray, the spark plug ignition work is cooperatively controlled, the fuel is ignited and burned; Four observation windows, select any one or several to record its combustion characteristics by optical test equipment; (2) For compression ignition fuel, the corresponding injector end cover only needs to install the fuel injector; Determine the fuel jet time, duration and jet pressure, and control them through the external synchronous controller; Determine the temperature required for the compression ignition of the measured fuel, and adjust the temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb at this moment in real time through the heating device and thermocouple, so as to realize the accurate control of the cylinder temperature; Adjust the pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb to the specified pressure through the high-pressure air bottle; Input the specified turbulence field simulation signal to the servo driver, and the servo driver transmits the signal to the servo motor, so as to realize the timing and quantitative control of different turbulence fields; Start the work of the fuel injector, and the high-pressure measured fuel jet enters the test device. In the process of fuel spray, the spark plug ignition work is cooperatively controlled, the fuel is ignited and burned; Four observation windows, select any one or several to record its combustion characteristics by optical test equipment; Step 3: combustion is over; The exhaust valve and the intake valve are opened at the same time, air enters the lower part of the constant volume combustion bomb from the high-pressure air bottle through the pipeline, and is discharged from the upper part of the constant volume combustion bomb, so as to complete the cylinder scavenging, the exhaust gas and air mixture enter the exhaust gas treatment device through the pipeline, and are discharged after purification; Step 4: exhaust is over; Repeat steps 1 to 3 to perform multiple repetitive experiments.

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