Device and method for off-line test of high-beam power component in accelerator

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for off-line testing of a high-beam power component in an accelerator. The device comprises an electron gun, a solenoid, a target chamber, a Faraday cup and a support. The electron gun is used for emitting electron beams, the solenoid is used for adjusting beam spots of the electron beams to reach the required size, and a plurality of windows are arranged on the periphery of the target chamber so as to be connected with a plurality of monitoring instruments, so that high-beam power components in the accelerator can be monitored in real time. The size of the interface is changed according to the difference of the sizes of the plurality of monitoring instruments to be accessed. And the Faraday cup is arranged at the rear end of the target chamber and is used for measuring the electron beam intensity and monitoring the service life of accelerator components. And a lead-in type mounting structure and a slide rail system are adopted, so that equipment maintenance is simpler and more convenient, and experiment operation is facilitated. According to the invention, off-line testing can be carried out on different accelerator components under a high-power beam operation condition, so that the research and development period of the accelerator components is greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of accelerators, and in particular to a device and method for off-line testing of high beam power components in accelerators. Background Art

[0002] In high-current particle accelerators, some components, such as nuclear reaction targets, stripping targets, beam trash cans, plasma arc chambers, etc., face serious thermal deposition problems because they work under conditions of high-power beam bombardment. In order to verify the thermomechanical properties of these components, they must be tested accordingly before they are put into use. However, due to the limited machine time of large particle accelerators, it is impossible to meet the needs of online testing of all components. In order to speed up the testing process, it is necessary to develop an offline test device to test the relevant accelerator components by simulating the power deposition under the actual working conditions of the particle accelerator, and then optimize and improve these components based on the experimental results.

[0003] Based on the characteristics of electron beams being easy to generate, low-cost and easy to accurately control, the present invention proposes a high beam power test device based on electron beams to address the limitations of accelerator online test experiments. The device can accurately control the beam power density and time structure of the target surface to achieve accurate equivalence of real working conditions, and integrates multiple interfaces to realize various real-time monitoring functions of detection components, thereby significantly shortening the test cycle and improving R&D efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to meet the offline testing requirements of key components of high-power particle accelerators, to inspect the thermal mechanical and other properties of accelerator components through offline testing, and to further optimize the structure and performance of accelerator components based on this, or to evaluate the service performance of the components.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The electron beam power generated by the electron gun is equivalent to the thermal power borne by the accelerator component during online operation. The electron beam energy and flux are determined according to the power of the beam deposited in the component when the component is online. The solenoid is used to control the size of the electron beam spot bombarding the component, and the beam spot size is determined according to the online beam power density. Through the above settings, the offline test conditions can more realistically simulate the working conditions of the component to be tested when it is online.

[0007] A device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator, comprising:

[0008] An electron gun for emitting an electron beam;

[0009] A solenoid for adjusting the electron beam spot to a desired size;

[0010] The target chamber is arranged at the rear end of the solenoid and is cylindrical. A plurality of windows are arranged around the target chamber to connect a plurality of monitoring instruments so as to monitor the high beam power components in the accelerator in real time. The size of the interface varies according to the sizes of the plurality of monitoring instruments to be connected;

[0011] Faraday cup: The Faraday cup is set at the rear end of the target chamber and is used to measure the electron beam current intensity and monitor the life of accelerator components;

[0012] A support, on which the electron gun, the solenoid, the target chamber and the Faraday cup are arranged;

[0013] The electron gun, the solenoid, the target chamber and the Faraday cup are arranged in sequence along a first axis direction, wherein the electron gun, the solenoid and the Faraday cup are coaxially arranged along the first axis direction, and the target chamber extends along a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction.

[0014] Preferably, the electron gun adopts a three-electrode structure of a hot cathode, a focusing electrode and an anode.

[0015] Preferably, a molecular pump and a high beam power component of the accelerator to be tested are installed on both sides of the target chamber respectively, and the high beam power component of the accelerator to be tested is installed in a linear introduction type or a rotation type.

[0016] Preferably, an electron beam spot imaging component such as a YAG screen is installed in the target chamber to achieve electron beam spot measurement.

[0017] Preferably, the Faraday cup can determine whether a high beam power component in the accelerator is broken down by the electron beam through the change in current intensity in a specific application scenario such as a thin target test.

[0018] Preferably, the Faraday cup adopts a water cooling structure to prevent the Faraday cup from being damaged due to excessive temperature caused by the high-power electron beam.

[0019] Preferably, the bracket is made of aluminum alloy.

[0020] Preferably, a slide rail is provided at the connection between the bracket and the electron gun.

[0021] Preferably, a slide rail is provided at the connection between the bracket and the target chamber to facilitate maintenance of the electron gun, and the target chamber can be detached as required to connect the electron gun and the beam line with other target chambers to meet more testing requirements.

[0022] A method for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator, comprising:

[0023] First, the beam intensity is measured and adjusted to the required size using a Faraday cup, then the YAG screen is inserted into the center of the beam, the solenoid is adjusted to make the beam spot reach the required size, and finally the accelerator components are introduced into the beam center for thermal deposition experiments.

[0024] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0025] By using the present invention, high-power beam offline testing can be performed on various accelerator components more efficiently. Through this device, various operating parameters of accelerator components can be obtained and their performance can be comprehensively evaluated. At the same time, the accelerator components can be optimized and improved according to the experimental results, greatly shortening the research and development cycle of the accelerator components.

[0026] The present invention uses an electron gun and a solenoid to flexibly adjust beam parameters and accurately control the size of the beam spot, and can simulate power deposition under various actual working conditions of a particle accelerator. The target chamber is compatible with a variety of accelerator components, and has versatility and wide applicability.

[0027] The target chamber has multiple interfaces reserved, and various test instruments can be installed according to the experimental test requirements. A water-cooled Faraday cup is designed at the rear end of the target chamber for flow intensity measurement and accelerator component life monitoring. The above design enables the present invention to have real-time monitoring capabilities and improve the accuracy and reliability of accelerator component testing.

[0028] The slide rail design, the accelerator component import design and the modular structure make equipment maintenance and component replacement easier, facilitate experimental operations, and improve experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a device body for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to an embodiment of the present application; and

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The symbols in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0033] 1: Electron gun

[0034] 2: Water-cooled solenoid

[0035] 3: First test instrument interface

[0036] 4: Second test instrument interface

[0037] 5: Third test instrument interface

[0038] 6: Fourth test instrument interface

[0039] 7: Turbomolecular pump

[0040] 8: Imported accelerator components

[0041] 9: Faraday cup with water cooling

[0042] 10: Aluminum alloy bracket

[0043] 11: Slide rail

[0044] 12: Target Room

[0045] 13: Water supply manifold DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present application and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. Hereinafter, although the examples of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that the examples are not limited thereto.

[0047] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and except for operations that must occur in a specific order, it is not limited to the order set forth herein, but can be changed, which will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure. In addition, for greater clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0048] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein are provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein that will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure.

[0049] Throughout the specification, when an element is described as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element, the element may be directly “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” the other element, or one or more other elements may be present between the element and the other element. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element, no other elements may be present between the element and the other element.

[0050] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more items; similarly, "at least one" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more items.

[0051] Although terms such as "first", "second" and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers or portions, these members, components, regions, layers or portions are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer or portion from another member, component, region, layer or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, first component, first region, first layer or first portion mentioned in these examples may also be referred to as the second member, second component, second region, second layer or second portion.

[0052] Spatially relative terms such as "above", "higher", "below", "lower", etc. may be used herein for descriptive convenience to describe the relationship of one element relative to another element as shown in the accompanying drawings. In addition to covering the orientations depicted in the accompanying drawings, these spatially relative terms are intended to also cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, an element described as being "above" or "higher" relative to another element will be "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Therefore, depending on the spatial orientation of the device, the term "above" covers both orientations of "above" and "below". The device may also be oriented in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0053] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not used to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms as well. The terms "include", "comprise" and "have" indicate the presence of the features, numbers, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof.

[0054] Variations in the shapes shown in the drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the drawings but include variations in shapes that occur during manufacturing.

[0055] It should be noted that herein, use of the word “may” with respect to an example, such as regarding what an example may include or implement, means that there is at least one example in which such feature is included or implemented, and all examples are not limited thereto.

[0056] The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure. In addition, although the examples described herein have various configurations, other configurations that will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure are also possible.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present application, a device for offline testing of high beam power components in an accelerator is provided. The device is composed of an electron gun, a solenoid, a target chamber, an import-type accelerator component, a molecular pump, a vent, a Faraday cup, and other parts. By ensuring that the electron beam and the actual operating beam power density are consistent, the parameters of the electron beam during the equivalent test are determined, and then the parameter settings of the electron gun and the solenoid are completed; the target chamber can flexibly install various components to be tested, and multiple test instrument installation interfaces are reserved to achieve real-time monitoring of the status of the test components; a water-cooled Faraday cup is designed for accurate measurement of the electron beam current intensity and life monitoring of accelerator components; the import-type installation structure and slide rail system make equipment maintenance easier and convenient for experimental operations.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present application, a device for offline testing of high beam power components in an accelerator is provided, comprising:

[0059] An electron gun 1, used for emitting an electron beam;

[0060] Solenoid 2, used for adjusting the beam spot of the electron beam to achieve a desired size;

[0061] The target chamber 12 is arranged at the rear end of the solenoid 2. The target chamber is cylindrical. A plurality of windows are arranged around the target chamber to connect a plurality of monitoring instruments so as to perform real-time monitoring of high beam power components in the accelerator. The size of the interface varies according to the sizes of the plurality of monitoring instruments to be connected.

[0062] A Faraday cup 9 is arranged at the rear end of the target chamber and is used for measuring the electron beam current intensity and monitoring the life of accelerator components;

[0063] A support 10, an electron gun 1, a solenoid 2, a target chamber 12 and a Faraday cup 9 are arranged on the support (10);

[0064] The electron gun 1, solenoid 2, target chamber 12 and Faraday cup 9 are arranged in sequence along a first axis direction, wherein the electron gun 1, solenoid 2 and Faraday cup 9 are coaxially arranged along the first axis, and the target chamber 12 extends along a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction.

[0065] The electron gun 1 adopts a three-electrode structure of a hot cathode, a focusing electrode and an anode.

[0066] Molecular pumps 7 and high beam power components 8 of the accelerator to be tested are respectively installed on both sides of the target chamber 12. The high beam power components of the accelerator to be tested are installed in a linear introduction type or a rotation type.

[0067] An electron beam spot imaging component (such as a YAG screen) is installed in the target chamber 12 to achieve electron beam spot measurement.

[0068] The Faraday cup 9 determines whether the high beam power components in the accelerator are broken down by the electron beam through the change of the current intensity.

[0069] The Faraday cup 9 adopts a water cooling structure to prevent the high-power electron beam from causing the Faraday cup to be damaged due to excessive temperature. The bracket 10 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0070] A slide rail is provided at the connection between the support 10 and the electron gun.

[0071] A slide rail 11 is provided at the connection between the support 10 and the target chamber 12 .

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present application, a method for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator is provided, comprising: first measuring and adjusting the beam current intensity to a desired size using a Faraday cup, then inserting a YAG screen into the center of the beam, adjusting a solenoid to make the beam spot reach a desired size, and finally introducing the accelerator component into the center of the beam for a thermal deposition experiment.

[0073] Determination of beam conditions

[0074] According to the actual working conditions of the accelerator components (including the beam spot size on the target surface, the deposited beam power and the beam time structure), the electron beam parameters (current intensity, energy, beam spot, time structure, etc.) are set to ensure that the power density, beam spot size and time structure of the electron beam and the actual beam deposited in the target are consistent.

[0075] By ensuring that the electron beam power density is consistent with the actual working conditions, the corresponding parameters of the electron beam can be quickly determined.

[0076] Electron gun design

[0077] The beam of the offline test device is provided by an electron gun, which consists of a hot cathode (lanthanum hexaboride), a focusing electrode, an anode and corresponding ceramic parts. According to the experimental requirements, the device can provide a pulsed or DC uniformly distributed electron beam with continuously adjustable energy between 0 and 100 keV and a peak current of 1A.

[0078] The electron gun structure adopts a universal hot cathode, focusing electrode and anode three-electrode structure, which has the advantages of low cost and easy maintenance. The electron gun has a wide adjustment range of power, beam spot and time structure, which can meet various test requirements of accelerator components under different working conditions.

[0079] Solenoid Design

[0080] A solenoid is designed 62mm away from the electron gun anode outlet to accurately control the size of the beam spot on the target surface.

[0081] The target beam spot diameter can be adjusted from 1 to 27.8 mm according to different flux intensities. The solenoid is equipped with a three-circuit water cooling pipeline to cool the heat it generates.

[0082] The water-cooled solenoid is compact in size, can accurately control the beam power density at the target surface, and has a wide adjustment range of the beam spot size to flexibly meet the testing requirements of different accelerator components.

[0083] Target room design

[0084] The target chamber is made of stainless steel and is cylindrical in shape. There are multiple windows around it, which can be connected to different monitoring instruments (such as infrared thermometer, CCD camera, residual gas analyzer, vacuum gauge, etc.) to monitor the accelerator components in real time (appearance, temperature, volatilization of materials under beam bombardment). The interface size can vary according to the size of the actual installed instrument. A Faraday cup is designed at the rear end of the target chamber to measure the flux of the electron beam. According to the beam spot size behind the target without magnetic field constraint, the opening diameter of the Faraday cup is set to 63mm, and a water cooling design is adopted to prevent high-power electron beams from damaging the Faraday cup. In addition, in specific application scenarios (such as thin target testing), the change in the Faraday cup flux can also be used to monitor the thickness change or even breakdown of the target in real time. Molecular pumps and accelerator components to be tested are installed on both sides of the target chamber according to needs. The installation of the components to be tested can be linear or rotary according to their actual working conditions. Space for the installation of electron beam imaging components (such as YAG screens) is reserved to measure the beam spot size on the target surface.

[0085] The target room design takes into account both compactness and the need to adapt to accelerator components of different sizes. The interfaces on both sides can be connected to a variety of accelerator components, realizing the versatility of the electron beam offline test device. The target room has reserved multiple monitoring interfaces, which can be connected to a variety of test instruments according to needs for real-time monitoring of the status of test components. The installation of the components to be tested adopts an online movable design, which can achieve the equivalence of more working conditions to improve the detection efficiency; at the same time, the electron beam spot imaging component can be installed to realize the function of electron beam spot measurement.

[0086] The Faraday cup is placed at the rear end of the target chamber, which can accurately measure the electron beam current intensity and determine whether the accelerator components are broken down by the electron beam through the change in current intensity. A water-cooling structure is used to prevent the Faraday cup from being damaged by excessive temperature caused by the high-power electron beam.

[0087] Testing Process

[0088] During the test, the beam intensity is first measured and adjusted to the required size using a Faraday cup, then the YAG screen is inserted into the center of the beam, the solenoid is adjusted to make the beam spot reach the desired size, and finally the accelerator components are introduced into the center of the beam for thermal deposition experiments.

[0089] Bracket design

[0090] The bracket is made of aluminum alloy, which is both lightweight and meets the structural strength requirements. In addition, a slide rail structure is designed at the connection between the bracket and the electron gun and target chamber to facilitate the maintenance of the electron gun. The target chamber can be disconnected as needed to connect the electron gun and beam line to other target chambers to meet more testing needs.

[0091] The introduction of a slide rail structure at the connection between the bracket, electron gun and target chamber not only facilitates the maintenance of the equipment, but also allows the electron gun and beam line to be connected to other target chambers, further expanding the use of the electron beam offline test platform.

[0092] Although specific examples have been shown and described above, it will be apparent after understanding the present disclosure that various changes in form and detail may be made to these examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims and their equivalents. The examples described herein are understood in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of the features or aspects in each example should be considered to be applicable to similar features or aspects in other examples. If the described techniques are performed in a different order, and / or if the components in the described system, architecture, device or circuit are replaced or supplemented in a different manner and / or by other components or their equivalents, appropriate results can still be achieved. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited by specific embodiments, but by the claims and their equivalents, and all variations within the scope of the claims and their equivalents should be understood to be included in the present disclosure.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified. \ Or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalent ones; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator, comprising: An electron gun (1) for emitting an electron beam; A solenoid (2) for adjusting the beam spot of the electron beam to achieve a desired size; A target chamber (12), the target chamber (12) being arranged at the rear end of the solenoid (2), the target chamber being cylindrical, and having a plurality of windows arranged around the target chamber for connecting a plurality of monitoring instruments to perform real-time monitoring of high beam power components in the accelerator, the interface size varying according to the different sizes of the plurality of monitoring instruments to be connected; A Faraday cup (9), which is arranged at the rear end of the target chamber and is used for measuring the electron beam current intensity and monitoring the life of accelerator components; A support (10), wherein the electron gun (1), the solenoid (2), the target chamber (12) and the Faraday cup (9) are arranged on the support (10); The electron gun (1), the solenoid (2), the target chamber (12) and the Faraday cup (9) are arranged in sequence along a first axis direction, wherein the electron gun (1), the solenoid (2) and the Faraday cup (9) are coaxially arranged along the first axis, and the target chamber (12) extends along a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction.

2. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electron gun (1) adopts a three-electrode structure of a hot cathode, a focusing electrode and an anode.

3. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A molecular pump (7) and a high beam power component (8) in an accelerator to be tested are respectively installed on both sides of the target chamber (12). The high beam power component in the accelerator to be tested is installed in a linear introduction type or a rotation type.

4. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electron beam spot imaging component such as a YAG screen is installed in the target chamber (12) to achieve electron beam spot measurement.

5. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Faraday cup (9) can determine whether a high beam power component in an accelerator is broken down by an electron beam by means of a change in current intensity in a specific application scenario such as a thin target test.

6. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Faraday cup (9) adopts a water cooling structure to prevent the high-power electron beam from causing the Faraday cup to be damaged due to excessive temperature.

7. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (10) is made of aluminum alloy.

8. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail is provided at the connection between the bracket (10) and the electron gun.

9. The device for off-line testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail (11) is provided at the connection between the support (10) and the target chamber (12) to facilitate maintenance of the electron gun and enable the target chamber to be detached as required, so that the electron gun and the beam line can be connected to other target chambers to meet more testing requirements.

10. A method for offline testing of high beam power components in an accelerator, comprising using the device for offline testing of high beam power components in an accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: First, the beam intensity is measured and adjusted to the required size using a Faraday cup, then the YAG screen is inserted into the center of the beam, the solenoid is adjusted to make the beam spot reach the required size, and finally the accelerator components are introduced into the beam center for thermal deposition experiments.

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