A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system and method based on snow accumulation characteristics

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system and method based on snow accumulation characteristics, which relates to the technical field of photovoltaic tracking control. A receiving control unit is set in the photovoltaic station, and a snow characteristic sensor is installed near the receiving control unit. The snow characteristic sensor is used to monitor the dryness and wetness of snow and send the dryness and wetness information to the receiving control unit; a node control unit is set for each photovoltaic array, and a snow thickness sensor is installed near the node control unit; the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the dryness and wetness information received from the receiving control unit and the snow thickness information from the snow thickness sensor; the tracking control unit executes the tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket. Beneficial effect: the present invention distinguishes between dry snow conditions and wet snow conditions and formulates different tracking bracket protection strategies respectively, thereby improving the adaptability of the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic tracking control, and in particular to a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system and method based on snow accumulation characteristics. Background Art

[0002] As global energy demand continues to grow and environmental issues become increasingly prominent, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable form of energy, has become increasingly important in the energy structure. Photovoltaic systems have been widely used around the world, especially in areas with abundant sunlight resources but also facing extreme weather conditions, such as cold and snowy areas. In these areas, photovoltaic tracking systems are widely adopted because they can maximize the absorption of solar radiation by automatically adjusting the angle, thereby significantly improving power generation efficiency.

[0003] However, heavy snow weather poses a major challenge to the operation of photovoltaic systems. Snow covering photovoltaic panels not only blocks solar radiation and reduces power generation efficiency, but also increases the pressure on the mechanical structure, leading to mechanical failure and shutdown of the system. In addition, the weight of the snow may also cause damage to the brackets and structures of the photovoltaic panels, further exacerbating the risks of system maintenance and operation.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system and method based on snow accumulation characteristics to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system and method based on snow accumulation characteristics.

[0006] To achieve the above first invention objective, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics, wherein the photovoltaic station comprises a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, each photovoltaic array comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets, and the photovoltaic tracking brackets comprise columns, main beams, and photovoltaic panels mounted on the main beams;

[0007] A receiving control unit is arranged in the photovoltaic station, and a snow characteristic sensor is installed near the receiving control unit, wherein the snow characteristic sensor is used to monitor the dryness and wetness of snow and send the dryness and wetness information to the receiving control unit;

[0008] A node control unit is provided for each photovoltaic array, and a snow thickness sensor is installed near the node control unit, and the snow thickness sensor is used to monitor the thickness of snow;

[0009] The node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the dryness and wetness information received from the receiving control unit and the snow thickness information received from the snow thickness sensor;

[0010] A tracking control unit is installed on each of the main beams, and the tracking control unit executes the tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the dryness and wetness degree includes at least snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in snow and water content in snow, and the receiving control unit determines the snow as dry snow or wet snow.

[0012] Preferably, the snow thickness sensor measures the snow thickness in real time and sends the snow thickness information to the node control unit.

[0013] Preferably, the node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0014] If the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks;

[0015] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude.

[0016] Preferably, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continuously swings at the maximum amplitude to obtain the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period;

[0017] If the real-time power generation is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket hierarchical protection strategy;

[0018] If the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing at the maximum amplitude.

[0019] Preferably, the node control unit receives wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0020] If the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks;

[0021] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to rotate to a small angle, and the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing.

[0022] Preferably, the small angle is ±(5°-15°).

[0023] Based on the same inventive principle, in order to achieve the above second inventive object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: The receiving control unit of the photovoltaic station obtains the snow dryness and wetness information from the snow characteristic sensor and determines whether the snow is dry snow or wet snow;

[0025] Step S2: The node control unit of each photovoltaic array obtains snow thickness information from the snow thickness sensor, and simultaneously obtains dry snow or wet snow information, and the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the snow thickness information and the dry snow / wet snow information;

[0026] Step S3: The tracking control unit installed on the main beam formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2, if the snow is dry snow, the following steps are performed:

[0028] Step A1, the node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0029] Step A2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks;

[0030] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude;

[0031] Step A3, obtaining the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period during the continuous swing of the photovoltaic tracking bracket at the maximum amplitude;

[0032] If the real-time power generation is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket hierarchical protection strategy;

[0033] If the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing at the maximum amplitude.

[0034] Preferably, in step S2, if the snow is wet snow, the following steps are performed:

[0035] Step B1, the node control unit receives wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0036] Step B2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks;

[0037] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to rotate to a small angle of ±(5°-15°), and the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy based on the dryness and wetness of snow monitored by a snow characteristic sensor and the snow thickness information monitored by a snow thickness sensor, that is, different tracking bracket protection strategies are formulated respectively for dry snow conditions and wet snow conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of the photovoltaic tracking bracket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic tracking bracket of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic tracking bracket of the present invention being rotated to a small angle.

[0043] Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of the photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the tracking support protection strategy during dry snow according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the tracking support protection strategy during wet snow according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The specific implementation process of the present invention is described below through multiple embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] Ginseng Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a specific implementation of a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics.

[0050] Ginseng Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics, the photovoltaic station includes a number of photovoltaic arrays, each photovoltaic array includes a number of photovoltaic tracking brackets, the photovoltaic tracking bracket includes a column 1, a main beam 2 and a photovoltaic panel 3 installed on the main beam 2; a receiving control unit is set in the photovoltaic station, a snow characteristic sensor is installed near the receiving control unit, the snow characteristic sensor is used to monitor the dryness and wetness of the snow and send the dryness and wetness information to the receiving control unit; a node control unit is set for each of the photovoltaic arrays, a snow thickness sensor is installed near the node control unit, the snow thickness sensor is used to monitor the thickness of the snow; the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the dryness and wetness information received from the receiving control unit and the snow thickness information from the snow thickness sensor; a tracking control unit is installed on each of the main beams, the tracking control unit executes the tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0051] Specifically, the snow characteristics sensor is preferably installed in the middle of the photovoltaic station. The snow characteristics sensor at least continuously monitors the dryness and wetness information of the snow, such as snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in the snow and water content in the snow. The receiving control unit communicates with the snow characteristics sensor through RS485 or other communication technologies and obtains the snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in the snow and water content in the snow. The receiving control unit compares the preset dryness and wetness threshold with the received dryness and wetness information to determine whether the snow is dry snow or wet snow; the snow thickness sensor measures the snow thickness in real time and sends the snow thickness information to the node control unit. The snow thickness sensor uses laser or ultrasonic wave to measure the distance H1 from the snow surface. The laser or ultrasonic wave calibrated before snowing measures the distance H2 from the standard surface. The difference between H1 and H2 is the snow thickness.

[0052] According to the dry snow or wet snow information, the node control unit will formulate different tracking bracket protection strategies, which are divided into two specific situations.

[0053] In the first case, the receiving control unit compares the preset wetness and dryness threshold with the received wetness and dryness information, and determines that the snow is dry snow; the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy based on the received dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit controls all tracking brackets in the corresponding photovoltaic array, specifically in the following steps: the first step, the node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information and the snow thickness threshold; the second step, if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; if the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the snow thickness duration is greater than the time threshold, that is, the snow thickness and the snow thickness duration both exceed the threshold, then the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude continuous swinging helps the floating snow to slide off. When the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold again, the photovoltaic tracking bracket changes to automatic tracking; the third step, during the process of the photovoltaic tracking bracket swinging continuously at the maximum amplitude, the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period is obtained, and the set period is the previous 10 days or the previous 30 days. The impact of weather changes on photovoltaic power generation is considered in the period; if the real-time power generation of the photovoltaic panel is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket graded protection strategy. The tracking bracket graded protection strategy is that when the snow thickness reaches a certain level and hinders normal power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatic tracking or the maximum continuous swing cannot guarantee its power generation, then the tracking bracket graded protection strategy needs to be started. The tracking bracket graded protection strategy is to formulate different tracking bracket graded protection strategies according to the thickness of the snow. For example, when the snow thickness is between 10mm-30mm, the photovoltaic tracking bracket protection angle is ±50°, when the snow thickness is between 30mm-50mm, the photovoltaic tracking bracket protection angle is ±30°, and when the snow thickness is between 50mm-70mm, the photovoltaic tracking bracket protection angle is ±15°, so as to avoid the motor load current of the photovoltaic tracking bracket being too large and damaged when the snow is too thick; if the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude, indicating that the maximum amplitude continuous swing can effectively get rid of floating snow to maximize the power generation capacity.

[0054] In the second case, the receiving control unit compares the preset wetness threshold with the received wetness information and determines that the snow is wet snow; the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy based on the received wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit controls all tracking brackets in the corresponding photovoltaic array, specifically in the following steps: the first step, the node control unit receives the wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information and the snow thickness threshold; the second step, if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; if the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the snow thickness duration is greater than the time threshold, that is, the snow thickness and the snow thickness duration both exceed the threshold, then the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to turn to a small angle, the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing, the small angle is ±(5°-15°); because the wet snow reaches a certain thickness and the duration exceeds the threshold, the wet snow is more firmly bonded to the photovoltaic panel, and it is difficult to reduce its thickness through the maximum amplitude of continuous swinging; in order to maximize the protection of the photovoltaic tracking bracket, the photovoltaic tracking bracket turns to a small angle of ±(5°-15°). See Figure 3 , if the tilt angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is θ, the force component perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel is m×g×cos(θ), and the force component parallel to the photovoltaic panel is m×g×sin(θ), where m is the mass of the snow and g is the acceleration of gravity; from the above force component formula, as the angle increases, the force component perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel slowly decreases, and the decrease is small, but the force component parallel to the photovoltaic panel will increase, increasing the mechanical stress of the photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the increment is large. Comprehensively considered, the small angle tilt (±(5°-15°)) is a more reasonable tilt angle. Within the small angle tilt range, the snow is distributed more evenly, the vertical and horizontal loads are relatively small, and the impact on the mechanical structure of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is small, which can reduce the risk of local overload and effectively disperse the weight of the snow; it should be noted that the small angle is specifically ﹢(5°-15°) or -(5°-15°), depending on whether the angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket before turning to the small angle is closer to ﹢(5°-15°) or -(5°-15°).

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] Ginseng Figures 4 to 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a specific implementation method of a photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics.

[0057] Ginseng Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: The receiving control unit of the photovoltaic station obtains the dryness and wetness information of the snow from the snow characteristic sensor and determines whether the snow is dry snow or wet snow; specifically, the snow characteristic sensor continuously monitors at least the dryness and wetness information of the snow, such as snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in the snow and water content in the snow, and the receiving control unit communicates with the snow characteristic sensor through RS485 or other communication technologies and obtains the snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in the snow and water content in the snow, and the receiving control unit compares the preset dryness and wetness threshold with the received dryness and wetness information to determine whether the snow is dry snow or wet snow;

[0059] Step S2: The node control unit of each photovoltaic array obtains snow thickness information from the snow thickness sensor, and simultaneously obtains the dry snow or wet snow information. The node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy based on the snow thickness information and the dry snow / wet snow information. Specifically, the snow thickness sensor measures the snow thickness in real time and sends the snow thickness information to the node control unit. The snow thickness sensor uses laser or ultrasound to measure the distance H1 from the snow surface. The laser or ultrasound calibrated before snowing measures the distance H2 from the standard surface. The difference between H1 and H2 is the snow thickness.

[0060] Step S3: The tracking control unit installed on the main beam formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket. Specifically, a tracking control unit is installed on each of the main beams, and the tracking control unit executes the tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket. Since each photovoltaic array has a corresponding node control unit and a snow thickness sensor, different photovoltaic arrays may have different tracking bracket protection strategies due to different snow thicknesses according to actual conditions.

[0061] According to the dry snow or wet snow information, the node control unit will formulate different tracking bracket protection strategies, which are divided into two specific situations.

[0062] Ginseng Figure 5 As shown, in the first case, in step S2, if the snow is dry snow, the following steps are performed:

[0063] Step A1, the node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0064] Step A2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; in the case of automatic tracking, it indicates that the influence of the snow thickness on the power generation of the photovoltaic panel and the pressure on the photovoltaic tracking bracket are still within the receiving range;

[0065] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude; if both the snow thickness and the duration of the snow thickness exceed the threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude continuous swing helps the floating snow to slide off, and when the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold again, the photovoltaic tracking bracket changes to automatic tracking;

[0066] Step A3, obtaining the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period during the continuous swing of the photovoltaic tracking bracket at the maximum amplitude;

[0067] If the real-time power generation is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket hierarchical protection strategy;

[0068] If the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing at the maximum amplitude.

[0069] The setting period is the first 10 days or the first 30 days. This setting period takes into account the impact of weather changes on photovoltaic power generation. The tracking bracket graded protection strategy is to start the tracking bracket graded protection strategy when the snow thickness reaches a certain level and hinders normal power generation. The photovoltaic tracking bracket automatic tracking or maximum continuous swing cannot guarantee its power generation. The tracking bracket graded protection strategy is to formulate different tracking bracket graded protection strategies according to the thickness of the snow. For example, when the snow thickness is between 10mm-30mm, the photovoltaic tracking bracket protection angle is ±50°. To ensure that the photovoltaic tracking bracket enters the protection state in the shortest time, select ﹢ 50° or -50°, depending on whether the current angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is closer to +50° or -50°, and the same applies below; if the snow thickness is between 30mm-50mm, the protection angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is ±30°; if the snow thickness is between 50mm-70mm, the protection angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket is ±15°, to prevent the mechanical structure of the photovoltaic tracking bracket from being damaged due to excessive load; if the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing continuously with the maximum amplitude, indicating that the continuous swing with the maximum amplitude can effectively get rid of floating snow to maximize the power generation capacity.

[0070] Ginseng Figure 6 As shown, in the second case, in step S2, if the snow is wet snow, the following steps are performed:

[0071] Step B1, the node control unit receives wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold;

[0072] Step B2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks;

[0073] If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to rotate to a small angle of ±(5°-15°), and the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing.

[0074] When the wet snow reaches a certain thickness and lasts longer than a threshold, the wet snow is more firmly bonded to the photovoltaic panel and it is difficult to reduce its thickness by continuous swinging at the maximum amplitude. In order to maximize the protection of the photovoltaic tracking bracket, the photovoltaic tracking bracket is rotated to a small angle of ±(5°-15°). Within this small angle tilt range, the snow is distributed more evenly, and the vertical and horizontal loads are relatively small, which has little impact on the mechanical structure of the photovoltaic tracking bracket. This can reduce the risk of local overload and effectively disperse the weight of the snow.

[0075] The photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics described in Example 1 executes the photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics described in Example 2. For the similarities between Example 2 and Example 1, please refer to Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0076] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0078] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics, characterized in that: The photovoltaic station includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, each photovoltaic array includes a plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets, and the photovoltaic tracking brackets include columns, main beams and photovoltaic panels installed on the main beams; A receiving control unit is arranged in the photovoltaic station, and a snow characteristic sensor is installed near the receiving control unit, wherein the snow characteristic sensor is used to monitor the dryness and wetness of snow and send the dryness and wetness information to the receiving control unit; A node control unit is provided for each photovoltaic array, and a snow thickness sensor is installed near the node control unit, and the snow thickness sensor is used to monitor the thickness of snow; The node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the dryness and wetness information received from the receiving control unit and the snow thickness information received from the snow thickness sensor; A tracking control unit is installed on each of the main beams, and the tracking control unit executes the tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

2. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dryness and wetness degree includes at least snow water equivalent, snow density, ice content in snow and water content in snow, and the receiving control unit determines the snow as dry snow or wet snow.

3. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The snow thickness sensor measures the snow thickness in real time and sends the snow thickness information to the node control unit.

4. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold; If the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude.

5. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tracking bracket is swung continuously at the maximum amplitude, and the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period is obtained; If the real-time power generation is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket hierarchical protection strategy; If the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing at the maximum amplitude.

6. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The node control unit receives the wet snow information and the snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold; If the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to rotate to a small angle, and the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing.

7. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control system based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The small angle is ±(5°-15°).

8. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: The receiving control unit of the photovoltaic station obtains the snow dryness and wetness information from the snow characteristic sensor and determines whether the snow is dry snow or wet snow; Step S2: The node control unit of each photovoltaic array obtains snow thickness information from the snow thickness sensor, and simultaneously obtains dry snow or wet snow information, and the node control unit formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy according to the snow thickness information and the dry snow / wet snow information; Step S3: The tracking control unit installed on the main beam formulates a tracking bracket protection strategy and controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

9. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, if the snow is dry snow, the following steps are performed: Step A1, the node control unit receives dry snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold; Step A2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to swing continuously at the maximum amplitude; Step A3, obtaining the average power generation of the photovoltaic panel within a set period during the continuous swing of the photovoltaic tracking bracket at the maximum amplitude; If the real-time power generation is less than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket stops the maximum continuous swing and starts the tracking bracket hierarchical protection strategy; If the real-time power generation is greater than 30% of the average power generation, the photovoltaic tracking bracket continues to swing at the maximum amplitude.

10. A photovoltaic tracking bracket control method based on snow accumulation characteristics as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, if the snow is wet snow, perform the following steps: Step B1, the node control unit receives wet snow information and snow thickness information, and the node control unit compares the snow thickness information with a snow thickness threshold; Step B2: if the snow thickness information is less than the snow thickness threshold, the node control unit continuously monitors the snow thickness information, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket automatically tracks; If the snow thickness information is greater than the snow thickness threshold and the duration of the snow thickness is greater than the time threshold, the node control unit controls the photovoltaic tracking bracket to rotate to a small angle of ±(5°-15°), and the node control unit sends a warning to the background and requests manual processing.

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