Transformer oil temperature control system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer oil temperature control, and particularly relates to a transformer oil temperature control system and a control method thereof. Comprising a transformer monitoring assembly, a temperature control assembly, an upper control assembly and a power supply assembly. The transformer monitoring assembly comprises a temperature sensor and a load sensor. The oil temperature control assembly comprises a programmable logic controller; the upper control assembly comprises a remote communication terminal and an upper control terminal; the power supply assembly comprises a power supply and a power supply switching device; more flexible and efficient temperature and control can be achieved, it is guaranteed that the internal temperature of the transformer is stable, meanwhile, high controllability is achieved, and in combination with the control method, under the condition that the operation characteristics of the oil-immersed transformer at different stages and different degrees of temperature and power in the operation process of the oil-immersed transformer are fully considered, the operation efficiency is improved. Autonomous learning and autonomous adjustment can be realized according to real-time temperature and power change characteristics, and a better temperature control effect is obtained while the refrigeration energy consumption of the system is reduced through continuous iterative learning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer oil temperature control, and in particular relates to a transformer oil temperature control system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The oil-immersed transformer is a new type of high-performance transformer with a more reasonable structure and better performance. There is no air gap in its magnetic circuit, the winding is tighter, the performance is further improved, the loss is reduced, the noise is reduced, the three items are balanced, and the third harmonic is lower. This product is more suitable for urban and rural, industrial and mining enterprise power grid transformation, and is more suitable for combined transformers and prefabricated substation transformers.

[0003] During the use of oil-immersed transformers, the temperature of the internal transformer oil will rise due to heat generated by the internal structure and other reasons. It is necessary to cool down the transformer oil in time according to the temperature change to maintain the internal oil temperature of the transformer at a reasonable and stable state to ensure its stable operation. At present, the temperature parameters are mainly obtained by measuring the outside of the transformer, and then cooling is performed. The degree of automation is low and the control efficiency is poor, which cannot meet the operation requirements of new oil-immersed transformers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a transformer oil temperature control system and a control method thereof which have a higher degree of automation and can better control the internal oil temperature of an oil-immersed transformer and ensure the long-term stable operation of the oil-immersed transformer.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A transformer oil temperature control system of the present application includes a transformer monitoring component, a temperature control component, an upper control component, and a power supply component;

[0007] A transformer monitoring component, including a temperature sensor and a load sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to measure the oil temperature of the top layer of the transformer and convert it into a recognizable analog digital signal, and the load sensor is used to monitor the operating load of the transformer;

[0008] The oil temperature control component includes a programmable logic controller, including a CPU module, an editing module, a storage module, and a data interface; the data interface completes the editing instructions and the input and output control of various data, the storage module stores the preset transformer oil temperature control strategy of the system, and the editing module configures the relevant control parameters of the oil temperature controller according to the editing instructions obtained by the data interface; the CPU module analyzes the transformer state based on the transformer oil temperature and load data measured by the transformer monitoring component and the cooling output power monitored by the cooling power monitoring device, and determines the transformer cooling device operation strategy according to the preset oil temperature control strategy;

[0009] The upper control component includes a remote communication terminal and an upper control terminal; the remote communication terminal establishes a data communication link between the oil temperature control component and the upper control terminal; the upper control terminal is used to realize remote manual or remote automatic control of the oil temperature control component, generate and update the transformer oil temperature control strategy and send it to the oil temperature control component through the remote communication terminal;

[0010] The power supply component includes a power supply and a power switching device for providing dual-way power supply to the transformer monitoring component and the oil temperature control component, and a power supply for supplying power to the upper control component; the power switching device includes a dual power conversion switch, and the dual power conversion switch is provided with a remote control port, and the remote control port is connected to the upper control component and controlled by it.

[0011] A further improvement or specific implementation of the above transformer oil temperature control system, the CPU module also includes a signal input and output component, and the input and output signals include at least three 16-bit switch input IO units, two 16-bit switch output IO units, an 8-bit switch output IO unit and an 8-bit analog input unit;

[0012] A further improvement or specific implementation of the aforementioned transformer oil temperature control system, the oil temperature control component also includes a redundant control structure, the redundant control structure includes a redundant CPU, a switch for connecting the redundant CPU with the transformer monitoring component, the temperature control component and the upper control component; the redundant CPU is connected to the signal input and output component of the CPU module through an Ethernet standard bus and monitors the operating status of each other. If any CPU is detected to be abnormal, another CPU is started as the main CPU and the other as the backup CPU, and an alarm signal is issued at the same time; the signal input and output component establishes a connection based on the NAPS2 redundancy protocol.

[0013] A further improvement or specific implementation of the aforementioned transformer oil temperature control system also includes a redundant power supply component for the CPU module and the redundant CPU, the redundant power supply component includes a redundant power supply, and the redundant power supply has an output end and two input ends; one of the two input ends is connected to the power supply through a switching power supply, and the other is connected to a UPS DC power supply through a DC power converter; the output end independently supplies power to the CPU module and the redundant CPU; a protection component is also provided, including an electronic motor starter arranged on the transformer cooling device, and the electronic motor starter includes a remote control port matching the signal input and output component.

[0014] A further improvement or specific implementation of the aforementioned transformer oil temperature control system also includes an input control component, including an interactive display touch screen, a manual switching device, a manual temperature control device, and an alarm device; the interactive display touch screen is used to display the current system operation status and complete the input of local control instructions; the manual temperature control device is used to achieve local control of the oil temperature control component; the alarm device is used to warn the transformer of abnormal or fault information of the oil temperature or system through sound and light signals.

[0015] The present application also provides a control method for a transformer oil temperature control system, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Start the system, perform data self-test, confirm that the data communication between each component and module of the system is normal, and confirm that the preset control parameters in each direction are complete. If the self-test passes, confirm that the preset control mode of the system is automatic or manual standby. If it is manual, go to step 2, and if it is automatic, go to step 3. If it fails the self-test, an alarm signal is issued and the upper control data is requested, and the preset protection program is executed;

[0017] Step 2: Get the input data of the input control component and go to step 3;

[0018] Step 3, complete data update, start the information collection of transformer oil temperature, transformer power, and transformer cooling device power, and go to step 4;

[0019] Step 4: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer load power exceeds the preset warning load threshold value P1. If it exceeds, monitor whether the current cooling power matches the current transformer output power. If not, adjust the cooling power until they match each other, maintain the current state, and go to step 5; if not, go directly to step 5;

[0020] Step 5: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset warning temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the warning temperature threshold T1, further determine whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset high temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the high temperature threshold T1, go to step 6.

[0021] Step 6: Start the PID fuzzy control program, including the following steps:

[0022] 6a. Establish a radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network, which includes an input layer, a fuzzy layer, a control layer, and an output layer;

[0023] The input layer includes two neurons, which input the current transformer oil temperature T t The deviation value e(k) from the preset target oil temperature T0 = T t-T0 and its deviation change rate Δe=e(k)-e(k-1); the fuzzy layer includes N*N fuzzy domain neurons, which respectively represent N fuzzy error set elements of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe; the fuzzy errors of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe have seven fuzzy levels respectively; the control layer establishes a fuzzy rule network of the aforementioned N*N fuzzy domain neurons, with a total of N*N neurons;

[0024] The output layer is the PID parameters of the PID controller used to control the power of the transformer cooling device;

[0025] 6b. Get the current transformer oil temperature T k , calculate the current transformer oil temperature T t The difference e(k) and the preset target oil temperature T0 and its deviation change rate Δe are input into the radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network to determine the PID controller parameters;

[0026] 6c. Control the transformer cooling device power based on the PID controller.

[0027] Further improvement or specific implementation steps of the above transformer oil temperature control method, in step 6a, the fuzzy layer fuzzy domain C2(i,j) can be expressed as:

[0028]

[0029] Where C1(i) ​​is the two inputs of the input layer, i = 1, 2; C ij It refers to the membership function center of the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset, j = 1, 2, ... N; b ij It refers to the basis width from the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset;

[0030] The fuzzy rule network of the control layer can be expressed as Where N x Indicates the number of fuzzy layer nodes;

[0031] The output layer is defuzzification processing, which can be expressed as Where n is the total number of PID controller parameters, w ij is the weight matrix between the control layer and the output layer;

[0032] The PID controller can be expressed as:

[0033] ΔP(k)=K p e(k)+K i [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)];

[0034] The incremental algorithm of the PID controller is P(k)=P(k-1)+ΔP(k); P(k) is the kth sampling data;

[0035] The learning objective of the radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network can be expressed as:

[0036]

[0037] Where V represents the vth iteration, μ∈[0,1] is the learning rate, and α∈[0,1] is the inertia coefficient.

[0038] Its beneficial effects are:

[0039] The transformer oil temperature control system of the present application can be applied to the temperature control of various types of oil-immersed transformers, can achieve more flexible and efficient temperature and control, ensure the stability of the internal temperature of the transformer, and have a high degree of controllability. Combined with its control method, while fully considering the operating characteristics of the oil-immersed transformer at different stages and levels of temperature and power during the operation of the oil-immersed transformer, it can achieve autonomous learning and autonomous adjustment according to the real-time temperature and power change characteristics. Through continuous iterative learning, better temperature control effect can be obtained while reducing the system refrigeration energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is the core structure of the transformer oil temperature control system;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a network diagram of the CPU module and its redundant structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] The present application relates to a transformer oil temperature control system, which is mainly used to provide a more efficient and automated system for various types of oil-immersed transformers, capable of automatic iterative optimization, and a temperature control method, so that the system can continuously realize automatic temperature optimization control according to the equipment status and historical control data, thereby further improving the performance of the oil-immersed transformer.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a transformer oil temperature control system of the present application includes a transformer monitoring component, a temperature control component, an upper control component, and a power supply component;

[0045] A transformer monitoring component, including a temperature sensor and a load sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to measure the oil temperature of the top layer of the transformer and convert it into a recognizable analog digital signal, and the load sensor is used to monitor the operating load of the transformer;

[0046] In specific implementation, the temperature sensor should be a dedicated oil level thermometer with analog current data output, such as MTST160F;

[0047] The oil temperature control component includes a programmable logic controller, including a CPU module, an editing module, a storage module, and a data interface; the data interface completes the editing instructions and the input and output control of various data, the storage module stores the preset transformer oil temperature control strategy of the system, and the editing module configures the relevant control parameters of the oil temperature controller according to the editing instructions obtained by the data interface; the CPU module analyzes the transformer state based on the transformer oil temperature and load data measured by the transformer monitoring component and the cooling output power monitored by the cooling power monitoring device, and determines the transformer cooling device operation strategy according to the preset oil temperature control strategy;

[0048] The CPU module also includes a signal input and output component, and the input and output signals include at least three 16-bit switch quantity input IO units, two 16-bit switch quantity output IO units, an 8-bit switch quantity output IO unit and an 8-bit analog quantity input unit;

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in particular, the oil temperature control component also includes a redundant control structure, which includes a redundant CPU, a switch for connecting the redundant CPU with the transformer monitoring component, the temperature control component and the upper control component; the redundant CPU is connected to the signal input and output component of the CPU module through the Ethernet standard bus and monitors the operating status of each other. If any CPU is detected to be abnormal, another CPU is started as the main CPU and the other as the backup CPU, and an alarm signal is issued at the same time; the signal input and output component establishes a connection based on the NAPS2 redundancy protocol;

[0050] The upper control component includes a remote communication terminal and an upper control terminal; the remote communication terminal establishes a data communication link between the oil temperature control component and the upper control terminal; the upper control terminal is used to realize remote manual or remote automatic control of the oil temperature control component, generate and update the transformer oil temperature control strategy and send it to the oil temperature control component through the remote communication terminal;

[0051] In particular, it also includes an input control component, including an interactive display touch screen, a manual switching device, a manual temperature control device, and an alarm device;

[0052] The interactive display touch screen is used to display the current system operation status and complete the input of local control instructions;

[0053] The manual temperature control device is used to realize the local control of the oil temperature control component;

[0054] The alarm device is used to warn the transformer of abnormal or fault information of oil temperature or system through sound and light signals;

[0055] Power supply components, including a power supply and a power supply switching device for providing dual-circuit power supply to the transformer monitoring component and the oil temperature control component, and a power supply for supplying power to the upper control component;

[0056] The power switching device includes a dual power conversion switch, wherein the dual power conversion switch is provided with a remote control port, and the remote control port is connected to and controlled by a host control component;

[0057] In particular, it also includes redundant power supply components for CPU modules and redundant CPUs.

[0058] The redundant power supply assembly includes a redundant power supply, which has an output terminal and two input terminals; one of the two input terminals is connected to the power supply through a switching power supply, and the other is connected to the UPS DC power supply through a DC power converter; the output terminal independently supplies power to the CPU module and the redundant CPU;

[0059] A protection component is also provided, including an electronic motor starter provided on the transformer cooling device, wherein the electronic motor starter includes a remote control port matching the signal input and output component;

[0060] The oil temperature control method used in the above transformer oil temperature control system comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Start the system, perform data self-test, confirm that the data communication between each component and module of the system is normal, and confirm that the preset control parameters in each direction are complete. If the self-test passes, confirm that the preset control mode of the system is automatic or manual standby. If it is manual, go to step 2, and if it is automatic, go to step 3. If it fails the self-test, an alarm signal is issued and the upper control data is requested, and the preset protection program is executed;

[0062] Step 2: Get the input data of the input control component and go to step 3;

[0063] Step 3, complete data update, start the information collection of transformer oil temperature, transformer power, and transformer cooling device power, and go to step 4;

[0064] Step 4: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer load power exceeds the preset warning load threshold value P1. If it exceeds, monitor whether the current cooling power matches the current transformer output power. If not, adjust the cooling power until they match each other, maintain the current state, and go to step 5; if not, go directly to step 5;

[0065] Step 5: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset warning temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the warning temperature threshold T1, further determine whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset high temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the high temperature threshold T1, go to step 6.

[0066] Step 6: Start the PID fuzzy control program, including the following steps:

[0067] 6a. Establish a radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network, which includes an input layer, a fuzzy layer, a control layer, and an output layer;

[0068] The input layer includes two neurons, which input the current transformer oil temperature T t The deviation value e(k) from the preset target oil temperature T0 = T t -T0 and its deviation change rate Δe=e(k)-e(k-1); the fuzzy layer includes N*N fuzzy domain neurons, which respectively represent N fuzzy error set elements of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe; the fuzzy errors of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe have seven fuzzy levels respectively; the control layer establishes a fuzzy rule network of the aforementioned N*N fuzzy domain neurons, with a total of N*N neurons;

[0069] The output layer is the PID parameters of the PID controller used to control the power of the transformer cooling device;

[0070] 6b. Get the current transformer oil temperature T k , calculate the current transformer oil temperature T t The difference e(k) and the preset target oil temperature T0 and its deviation change rate Δe are input into the radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network to determine the PID controller parameters;

[0071] 6c. Control the transformer cooling device power based on the PID controller.

[0072] In particular, in step 6a, the fuzzy domain C2(i,j) of the fuzzy layer can be expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] Where C1(i) ​​is the two inputs of the input layer, i = 1, 2; C ij It refers to the membership function center of the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset, j = 1, 2, ... N; b ij It refers to the basis width from the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset;

[0075] The fuzzy rule network of the control layer can be expressed as Where Nx Indicates the number of fuzzy layer nodes;

[0076] The output layer is a defuzzification process, which can be expressed as C4(n)=∑ r＝1 C3(N*N)w ij ; where n is the total number of PID controller parameters, w ij is the weight matrix between the control layer and the output layer;

[0077] The PID controller can be expressed as:

[0078] ΔP(k)=K p e(k)+K i [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)];

[0079] The incremental algorithm of the PID controller is P(k)=P(k-1)+ΔP(k); P(k) is the kth sampling data;

[0080] The learning objective of radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network can be expressed as:

[0081]

[0082] Where V represents the vth iteration, μ∈[0,1] is the learning rate, and α∈[0,1] is the inertia coefficient;

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer oil temperature control system, characterized in that: Including transformer monitoring components, temperature control components, upper control components, and power supply components; A transformer monitoring component, including a temperature sensor and a load sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to measure the oil temperature of the top layer of the transformer and convert it into a recognizable analog digital signal, and the load sensor is used to monitor the operating load of the transformer; The oil temperature control component includes a programmable logic controller, including a CPU module, an editing module, a storage module, and a data interface; the data interface completes the editing instructions and the input and output control of various data, the storage module stores the preset transformer oil temperature control strategy of the system, and the editing module configures the relevant control parameters of the oil temperature controller according to the editing instructions obtained by the data interface; The CPU module analyzes the transformer status based on the transformer oil temperature and load data measured by the transformer monitoring component and the cooling output power monitored by the cooling power monitoring device, and determines the transformer cooling device operation strategy according to the preset oil temperature control strategy; The upper control component includes a remote communication terminal and an upper control terminal; the remote communication terminal establishes a data communication link between the oil temperature control component and the upper control terminal; the upper control terminal is used to realize remote manual or remote automatic control of the oil temperature control component, generate and update the transformer oil temperature control strategy and send it to the oil temperature control component through the remote communication terminal; The power supply component includes a power supply and a power switching device for providing dual-way power supply to the transformer monitoring component and the oil temperature control component, and a power supply for supplying power to the upper control component; the power switching device includes a dual power conversion switch, and the dual power conversion switch is provided with a remote control port, and the remote control port is connected to the upper control component and controlled by it.

2. The transformer oil temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CPU module also includes a signal input and output component, and the input and output signals include at least three 16-bit switch quantity input IO units, two 16-bit switch quantity output IO units, an 8-bit switch quantity output IO unit and an 8-bit analog quantity input unit.

3. The transformer oil temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil temperature control component also includes a redundant control structure, which includes a redundant CPU and a switch for connecting the redundant CPU with the transformer monitoring component, the temperature control component and the upper control component; the redundant CPU is connected to the signal input and output component of the CPU module through the Ethernet standard bus and monitors the operating status of each other. If any CPU is detected to be abnormal, the other CPU is started as the main CPU and the other as the backup CPU, and an alarm signal is issued at the same time; the signal input and output component establishes a connection based on the NAPS2 redundancy protocol.

4. The transformer oil temperature control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a redundant power supply component for the CPU module and the redundant CPU, the redundant power supply component includes a redundant power supply, the redundant power supply has an output end and two input ends; one of the two input ends is connected to the power supply through a switching power supply, and the other is connected to the UPS DC power supply through a DC power converter; the output end independently supplies power to the CPU module and the redundant CPU; a protection component is also provided, including an electronic motor starter arranged on the transformer cooling device, the electronic motor starter includes a remote control port matching the signal input and output component.

5. The transformer oil temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an input control component, including an interactive display touch screen, a manual switching device, a manual temperature control device, and an alarm device; the interactive display touch screen is used to display the current system operation status and complete the input of local control instructions; the manual temperature control device is used to realize local control of the oil temperature control component; the alarm device is used to warn the transformer of abnormal or fault information of oil temperature or system through sound and light signals.

6. The control method for the transformer oil temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Start the system, perform data self-test, confirm that the data communication between each component and module of the system is normal, and confirm that the preset control parameters in each direction are complete. If the self-test passes, confirm that the preset control mode of the system is automatic or manual standby. If it is manual, go to step 2, and if it is automatic, go to step 3. If it fails the self-test, an alarm signal is issued and the upper control data is requested, and the preset protection program is executed; Step 2: Get the input data of the input control component and go to step 3; Step 3, complete data update, start the information collection of transformer oil temperature, transformer power, and transformer cooling device power, and go to step 4; Step 4: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer load power exceeds the preset warning load threshold value P1. If it exceeds, monitor whether the current cooling power matches the current transformer output power. If not, adjust the cooling power until they match each other, maintain the current state, and go to step 5; if not, go directly to step 5; Step 5: Continuously monitor whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset warning temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the warning temperature threshold T1, further determine whether the current transformer oil temperature data exceeds the preset high temperature threshold T1. If not, go to step 4. If it exceeds the high temperature threshold T1, go to step 6. Step 6: Start the PID fuzzy control program, including the following steps: 6a. Establish a radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network, which includes an input layer, a fuzzy layer, a control layer, and an output layer; The input layer includes two neurons, which input the current transformer oil temperature T t The deviation value e(k) from the preset target oil temperature T0 = T t -T0 and its deviation change rate Δe=e(k)-e(k-1); the fuzzy layer includes N*N fuzzy domain neurons, which respectively represent N fuzzy error set elements of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe; the fuzzy errors of transformer oil temperature deviation e(k) and deviation change rate Δe have seven fuzzy levels respectively; the control layer establishes a fuzzy rule network of the aforementioned N*N fuzzy domain neurons, with a total of N*N neurons; The output layer is the PID parameters of the PID controller used to control the power of the transformer cooling device; 6b. Get the current transformer oil temperature T k , calculate the current transformer oil temperature T t The difference e(k) and the preset target oil temperature T0 and its deviation change rate Δe are input into the radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network to determine the PID controller parameters; 6c. Control the transformer cooling device power based on the PID controller.

7. The transformer oil temperature control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 6a, the fuzzy domain C2(i,j) of the fuzzy layer can be expressed as: Where C1(i) ​​is the two inputs of the input layer, i = 1, 2; C ij It refers to the membership function center of the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset, j = 1, 2, ... N; b ij It refers to the basis width from the i-th input quantity to the j-th fuzzy subset; The fuzzy rule network of the control layer can be expressed as Where N x Indicates the number of fuzzy layer nodes; The output layer is a defuzzification process, which can be expressed as C4(n)=∑ r＝1 C3(N*N)w ij ; where n is the total number of PID controller parameters, w ij is the weight matrix between the control layer and the output layer; The PID controller can be expressed as: ΔP(k)=K p e(k)+K i [e(k)-e(k-1)]+K d [e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]; The incremental algorithm of the PID controller is P(k)=P(k-1)+ΔP(k); P(k) is the kth sampling data; The learning objective of the radial basis oil temperature fuzzy neural network can be expressed as: Where V represents the vth iteration, μ∈[0,1] is the learning rate, and α∈[0,1] is the inertia coefficient.

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