Classified raster data spatial information measurement method and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a classification raster data spatial information measurement method and related equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining classification raster data of geographic spatial data comprising a plurality of pixels, and enabling each pixel to correspond to a pixel neighborhood space comprising homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels; connecting the boundaries of the homogeneous pixels in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and selecting a reference shape for measuring a pixel neighborhood space as a reference shape; measuring the spatial form information of homogeneous pixels by calculating the similarity degree between the neighborhood boundary of the pixels and the reference shape; space structure information of heterogeneous pixels is measured by calculating diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in a pixel neighborhood space; the spatial form information of the homogeneous pixels and the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels are subjected to coupling calculation to obtain the spatial information amount of the neighborhood space of each pixel, and the spatial information amounts of the neighborhood spaces of all the pixels are superposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the research area, so that the spatial information of the classified raster data can be effectively measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of raster data processing, and in particular to a classification raster data spatial information measurement method and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] The information measurement of geospatial data is a basic issue in geographic information theory, and has important application value in data mining, data compression, and data cognition from the perspective of information richness. Raster data is the main type of geospatial data, covering a wide range of data products, such as remote sensing images, digital elevation models (DEMs), surface coverage, etc. The effective measurement of its information volume can achieve a description of the richness of the data, provide an auxiliary decision-making indicator for the spatial pattern analysis, readability evaluation, data screening, etc. of raster data, and enhance the objectivity and efficiency of data cognition.

[0003] The calculation of spatial information of classified raster data is currently more common in the field of landscape ecology. Research in the field of geographic information mainly focuses on raster data such as remote sensing images and DEMs with grayscale value variation characteristics. The pixel values ​​of classified raster data only represent semantic types and belong to the category of nominal scales. There are no characteristics of ordinal scales or interval scales between types, and it is impossible to use numerical calculations to measure information. The calculation of landscape diversity index and Boltzmann thermodynamic entropy based on edge number in the field of landscape pattern does not depend on the pixel values ​​of raster data, and can theoretically be transferred to classified raster data. The main idea of ​​the former is to calculate the pixel value components in raster data and calculate the probability entropy of each category code value in combination with the Shannon information entropy model. However, this method only takes into account the category code composition information of the data, ignoring the spatial structure or combination relationship between different category code values. In this regard, Cushman et al. proposed the latter method to measure the thermal entropy of the landscape pattern, that is, to measure the entropy of the landscape pattern by the number of edges caused by different pixel values ​​in the classified raster data. However, diversity is encouraged in the research in the field of landscape ecology. The pixel pattern with more edges is considered to have better diversity and the lower its entropy value. This is inconsistent with the understanding of the richness of information in the field of geographic information, and the measurement conclusion is difficult to transfer to classified raster data such as surface cover.

[0004] In summary, the computational methods in the field of geographic information mostly use numerical calculations, which are not suitable for classified raster data. The computational methods of landscape ecology are difficult to transfer to classified raster data due to the different purposes and significances of the research fields. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data and related equipment, the purpose of which is to effectively measure the spatial information of classified raster data.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data, comprising:

[0007] Step 1, obtaining classified raster data of the study area, the classified raster data includes geographic spatial data of multiple pixels, each pixel corresponds to a pixel neighborhood space, and each pixel neighborhood space includes homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels;

[0008] Step 2: for each pixel neighborhood space, the boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space are sequentially connected to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and a reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space is selected;

[0009] Step 3, for each pixel neighborhood space, respectively, calculate the similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape, and the similarity is used to measure the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0010] Step 4, for each pixel neighborhood space, respectively, calculate the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space, and the diversity probability entropy is used to measure the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0011] Step 5: For each pixel neighborhood space, the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels and the spatial structural information of heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space are coupled and calculated to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, and the spatial information amounts of all pixel neighborhood spaces are superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area.

[0012] More specifically, step 2 includes:

[0013] For each pixel neighborhood space, find homogeneous pixels based on the adjacency relationship of the central pixel in the pixel neighborhood space, and extract the neighborhood boundaries of all homogeneous pixels;

[0014] Connect the neighborhood boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary;

[0015] Calculate the geometric center point and spatial area of ​​each pixel neighborhood boundary respectively;

[0016] The reference shape of the neighborhood space of the metric pixel is selected based on the geometric center point and spatial area.

[0017] Specifically, the expression for calculating the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, I Homogeneous Indicates the degree of similarity, A P∩S Represents the geometric intersection area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S, A P∪S Represents the geometric union area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S.

[0020] Furthermore, the expression for calculating the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space is:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, I Heterogeneous pixels represents the diversity probability entropy, n represents the type of category encoding, m i represents the number of coded pixels of the i-th category, and N represents the number of heterogeneous pixels.

[0023] Furthermore, the spatial structural information of heterogeneous pixels includes the category coding composition information and adjustment weights;

[0024] The category code composition information includes the number of category codes, the position relationship of category codes and the type of category codes;

[0025] The adjustment weight is a weight parameter for adjusting the spatial morphological information and the category coding component information.

[0026] Furthermore, the calculation expression for adjusting the weight is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, w represents the adjustment weight, M represents the number of pixels in the pixel neighborhood space, and Z represents the number of homogeneous pixels.

[0029] More specifically, step 5 includes:

[0030] For each pixel neighborhood space, the adjustment weight is used as a coupling parameter, and the coupling parameter is used to couple the spatial morphological information and the transformed spatial structure information to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, which is:

[0031] I Neighborhood =log2(w×I Homogeneous )×I Heterogeneous pixels

[0032] Among them, I Neighborhood Represents the amount of spatial information in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0033] The spatial information of all pixel neighborhood spaces is superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, I CGD represents the spatial information measurement result of the study area, P represents the number of rows of classified raster data, Q represents the number of columns of classified raster data, and I Neighborhood-pq Represents the amount of spatial information in the neighborhood space of the pixel in the pth row and the qth column.

[0036] The present invention also provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data is implemented.

[0037] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data is implemented.

[0038] The above scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention obtains classified raster data of geographic spatial data including a plurality of pixels, each pixel corresponds to a pixel neighborhood space including homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels; the boundaries of each homogeneous pixel are sequentially connected to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and a reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space is selected; the spatial morphological information of the homogeneous pixel is measured by calculating the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape; the spatial structural information of the heterogeneous pixel is measured by calculating the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space; the spatial morphological information of the homogeneous pixel and the spatial structural information of the heterogeneous pixel are coupled and calculated to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, and the spatial information amounts of all pixel neighborhood spaces are superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area, which effectively considers the spatial structural information between the pixel category coding values, thereby effectively measuring the spatial information of the classified raster data, and making up for the deficiency of the research on the spatial information measurement of the classified raster data.

[0040] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a spatial structure diagram of pixels with the same total number of edges;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pixel neighborhood boundary formed by the aggregation of homogeneous pixels in the neighborhood space;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of similarity degree calculation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 A line graph showing changes in the adjustment weight and the number of heterogeneous pixels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is the intersection diagram of the information volume and the number of elements of the county boundary experimental sample of 30m surface cover data;

[0047] Figure 7 This is the intersection diagram of the information volume and the number of elements of the county boundary experimental sample of 10m surface cover data;

[0048] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a locking connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0053] In view of the existing problems, the present invention provides a classification raster data spatial information measurement method and related equipment.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data, comprising:

[0055] Step 1, obtaining classified raster data of the study area, the classified raster data includes geographic spatial data of multiple pixels, each pixel corresponds to a pixel neighborhood space, and each pixel neighborhood space includes homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels;

[0056] Step 2: for each pixel neighborhood space, the boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space are sequentially connected to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and a reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space is selected;

[0057] Step 3, for each pixel neighborhood space, respectively, calculate the similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape, and the similarity is used to measure the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0058] Step 4, for each pixel neighborhood space, respectively, calculate the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space, and the diversity probability entropy is used to measure the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0059] Step 5: For each pixel neighborhood space, the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels and the spatial structural information of heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space are coupled and calculated to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, and the spatial information amounts of all pixel neighborhood spaces are superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, for each pixel in the classified raster data, a zero-valued pixel of one pixel unit is filled in the four directions of the pixel, to ensure that the edge information of the data is effectively calculated. Then, for the filled pixels, the central pixel in the first row and first column in the upper left corner and its 8 neighboring pixels are first extracted to form a pixel neighborhood space, and a pixel neighborhood space with the same number of pixels as the classified raster data is obtained.

[0061] Specifically, step 2 includes:

[0062] For each pixel neighborhood space, find homogeneous pixels based on the adjacency relationship of the central pixel in the pixel neighborhood space, and extract the neighborhood boundaries of all homogeneous pixels;

[0063] Connect the neighborhood boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary;

[0064] Calculate the geometric center point and spatial area of ​​each pixel neighborhood boundary respectively;

[0065] The reference shape of the neighborhood space of the metric pixel is selected based on the geometric center point and spatial area.

[0066] Since there are only qualitative differences between "classes" and "classes" between different pixels in classified raster data, the differences between pixels are mainly reflected in the pixel boundaries formed by the aggregation or dispersion of pixels. The internally aggregated pixels show homogeneity, and the boundaries of heterogeneous pixels are formed due to the difference in coding values ​​between heterogeneous pixels. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses the boundaries formed by the aggregation of homogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space as the neighborhood boundaries, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0067] In the study of visual cognition, the circle is considered to be the simplest shape. However, in the classified raster data with regular grid as the basic unit, the expression of the circle is more complicated. Due to the influence of resolution, the circle in the raster data is not simple and uniform. In contrast, the square is also unique and consistent with the basic component unit and neighborhood space of the raster data in terms of shape angle. As a reference figure, it has a unified reference standard and is more suitable as a reference shape for measuring the neighborhood boundary space information of the classified raster data pixel. Therefore, the reference shape used in the embodiment of the present invention is a square.

[0068] Based on the above analysis, the embodiment of the present invention selects the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the square as a measure of the spatial morphological information of the classified raster data, where the square is a square of equal area that coincides with the center point of the pixel neighborhood boundary.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention takes a given 3×3 pixel neighborhood space as an example. First, homogeneous pixels are found based on the adjacency relationship of the central pixels in the pixel neighborhood space, such as Figure 4 (a); then, the neighborhood boundaries of all extracted homogeneous pixels are connected to form the pixel neighborhood boundaries, as shown in Figure 4 (b) As shown; Secondly, the geometric center point and spatial area of ​​each pixel neighborhood boundary are calculated respectively, and the reference shape is selected as a square based on the center point and spatial area, as shown in Figure 4 (c) As shown; Finally, the two are overlaid and analyzed, and the similarity is calculated based on the quantitative relationship between the geometric intersection and the geometric union between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the square. The expression of the similarity is:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, I HomogeneousIndicates the degree of similarity, A P∩S Represents the geometric intersection area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S, A P∪S Represents the geometric union area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S, where the reference shape S is a square S.

[0072] Taking into account the two characteristics of "existence" and "non-zero" of information, the similarity degree is calculated by subtracting the ratio of the geometric intersection area and the geometric union area from 2, so that the similarity degree value of the square is 1; when the similarity degree is higher, the amount of spatial state information representing homogeneous pixels is smaller, and vice versa, the amount of spatial state information representing homogeneous pixels is larger.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial adjacency relationship formed by heterogeneous pixels mainly expresses the category diversity information in the spatial structure, which is mainly determined by the number, position relationship and type of category codes. Since the number of category codes of heterogeneous pixels is usually affected by the number of homogeneous pixels, and their positions also depend on the spatial form of homogeneous pixels, the two adjacency relationships are highly correlated and inseparable. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention defines the information expressed by the spatial adjacency relationship of pixels in classified raster data as the spatial structure information of heterogeneous pixels.

[0074] Specifically, the spatial structural information of heterogeneous pixels includes category coding composition information and adjustment weights;

[0075] The category code composition information includes the number of category codes, the position relationship of category codes and the type of category codes;

[0076] The adjustment weight is a weight parameter for adjusting the spatial morphological information and the category coding component information.

[0077] In the pixel neighborhood space, since the number of heterogeneous pixels and the number of homogeneous pixels are in a relationship of increase and decrease, the corresponding two types of information are highly correlated. The more spatial positions the heterogeneous pixels have in the pixel neighborhood space, the more diverse the spatial structure information that can be formed between the heterogeneous pixels will be. Conversely, the more homogeneous the category coding composition information in the pixel neighborhood space is, the less spatial state information that can be expressed will be relatively. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses the number of occupancy of heterogeneous pixels as the adjustment weight between the neighborhood space morphological information and the category coding composition information to express the quantitative relationship between the homogeneous pixel area and the heterogeneous pixel area. However, this weight is not directly determined by the number of spatial occupancy, but by the spatial combination form that can be formed by the spatial occupancy, that is, the maximum diversity probability entropy of different numbers of spatial occupancy, that is, the calculation expression of the adjustment weight is:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, w represents the adjustment weight, M represents the number of pixels in the pixel neighborhood space, and Z represents the number of homogeneous pixels.

[0080] Based on the above formula, in a given 3×3 pixel neighborhood space, for central pixels with different spatial structure information, their adjustment weights increase nonlinearly as the number of heterogeneous pixels increases, and their changing rules are as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0081] Most preferably, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the Shannon information entropy model to calculate the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space, and its expression is:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, I Heterogeneous pixels represents the diversity probability entropy, n represents the type of category encoding, m i represents the number of coded pixels of the i-th category, and N represents the number of heterogeneous pixels.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, the larger the diversity probability entropy value is, the more homogeneous the category coding composition information in the pixel neighborhood space is, and the larger the amount of spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixel is. Conversely, the smaller the amount of spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixel is.

[0085] Most preferably, before step 5, the method further comprises:

[0086] Performing maximum and minimum value normalization transformation on the spatial structure information of heterogeneous pixels to obtain the transformed spatial structure information;

[0087] The value range of the adjustment weight is adjusted to between [0, 1].

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, considering the numerical influence that the adjustment weight may have on the eigenvalue, the value range of the adjustment weight should be maintained within the value range of [0, 1]; when there is only one heterogeneous pixel spatial position in the pixel domain space, the diversity probability entropy is 0, but because the information is non-negative and existential, when there is a neighborhood heterogeneous pixel, there is also spatial structure information, and thus the adjustment weight of the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixel should not be 0; therefore, the embodiment of the present invention performs maximum and minimum value normalization transformation processing on the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels to eliminate the phenomenon of uninformative measurement value generated by the value of 0, and at the same time adjusts the value range of the adjustment weight to between [0, 1] to take into account both the practical significance of the appearance of the value of 0 and the excessive influence of the adjustment weight.

[0089] Specifically, step 5 includes:

[0090] For each pixel neighborhood space, the adjustment weight is used as a coupling parameter, and the coupling parameter is used to couple the spatial morphological information and the transformed spatial structure information to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, which is:

[0091] I Neighborhood =log2(w×I Homogeneous )×I Heterogeneous pixels

[0092] Among them, I Neighborhood Represents the amount of spatial information in the pixel neighborhood space;

[0093] The spatial information of all pixel neighborhood spaces is superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, I CGD represents the spatial information measurement result of the study area, P represents the number of rows of classified raster data, Q represents the number of columns of classified raster data, and I Neighborhood-pq Represents the amount of spatial information in the neighborhood space of the pixel in the pth row and the qth column.

[0096] Since the fragmentation of raster data is an indicator that describes the diversity of spatial relationships between pixels, the increase in fragmentation will gradually transform the original continuous landscape elements into many discontinuous patch mosaics that are isolated from each other, resulting in richer adjacency relationships between heterogeneous pixels; the spatial structure information of classified raster data should show a certain correlation with the fragmentation of the data. Therefore, based on the above method, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes its relationship with the fragmentation of raster data through a set of experiments to verify the effectiveness and rationality of the method, as follows:

[0097] Determine the data set: The experimental data sets include the UC Merced Land-Use scene annotation data set, the artificial simulation data set, the GlobeLand30 surface coverage data set, and the Tsinghua University FROM-GLC10 surface coverage data set;

[0098] Determine the experimental environment: The information volume measurement program is written based on the Python 3.8 platform, and the map data is viewed and visualized using the Qgis 3.26 software platform; the experimental computing platform is a desktop computer with an Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-10900 core processor and an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 graphics rendering card;

[0099] Experimental results analysis:

[0100] (1) Correlation analysis between the spatial information content of classified raster data and the fragmentation of raster data

[0101] Experimental hypothesis: The spatial structure information of classified raster data is generally positively correlated with the fragmentation of raster data;

[0102] Experimental design: Two sets of land cover data sets are selected, and the number of polygons in the corresponding land cover vector data is used as an indicator of fragmentation degree to check whether the amount of information calculated by the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention changes with the fragmentation degree of the classified raster data;

[0103] The experimental data are selected from the GlobalLand30 land cover dataset, the Tsinghua University FROM-GLC10 land cover dataset and the corresponding land cover vector dataset. The land cover vector dataset is obtained by data conversion of the land cover dataset.

[0104] The county boundaries of a certain administrative division in Northwest China were selected as research units, and the land cover dataset was cut into independent experimental samples with geometric boundary morphology.

[0105] The basic attribute characteristics of the experimental samples, such as the average element area, number of elements, and map size, are counted in the vector data, and the spatial information of the corresponding experimental samples is calculated in the land cover dataset;

[0106] The experimental results are as follows: In the GlobalLand30 dataset with a resolution of 30m, the relationship between the information calculation results of 97 samples formed by county boundaries and the number of elements is as follows: Figure 6 As shown;

[0107] In the 10m resolution FROM-GLC10 dataset, the relationship between the information calculation results of 97 samples formed by county boundaries and the number of features is as follows: Figure 7 As shown;

[0108] Experimental analysis: Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen from the scatter plot and density plot in that the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention maintains a high correlation between the fragmentation levels of the same grid data.

[0109] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention obtains classified raster data of geographic spatial data including multiple pixels, each pixel corresponds to a pixel neighborhood space including homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels; the boundaries of each homogeneous pixel are connected in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and a reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space is selected; the spatial morphological information of the homogeneous pixel is measured by calculating the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape; the spatial structural information of the heterogeneous pixel is measured by calculating the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space; the spatial morphological information of the homogeneous pixel and the spatial structural information of the heterogeneous pixel are coupled and calculated to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, and the spatial information amounts of all pixel neighborhood spaces are superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area, which effectively considers the spatial structural information between the pixel category code values, thereby effectively measuring the spatial information of the classified raster data, and making up for the deficiency of the research on the spatial information measurement of the classified raster data.

[0110] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data is implemented.

[0111] like Figure 8 As shown, the terminal device D10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: at least one processor D100 ( Figure 8 Only one processor is shown in the figure), a memory D101, and a computer program D102 stored in the memory D101 and executable on the at least one processor D100. When the processor D100 executes the computer program D102, the above-mentioned classified raster data spatial information measurement method is implemented.

[0112] The terminal device D10 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, a server, a server cluster, a cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor D100 and a memory D101. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Figure 8 This is only an example of the terminal device D10 and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device D10. The terminal device D10 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, it may also include input and output devices, network access devices, etc.

[0113] The processor D100 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0114] In some embodiments, the memory D101 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device D10, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal device D10. In other embodiments, the memory D101 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device D10, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SMC, SmartMedia Card), a secure digital (SD, Secure Digital) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the terminal device D10. Further, the memory D101 may also include both an internal storage unit of the terminal device D10 and an external storage device. The memory D101 is used to store an operating system, an application program, a boot loader (BootLoader), data and other programs, such as the program code of the computer program, etc. The memory D101 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0115] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application. Their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

[0116] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, a method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data is implemented.

[0118] If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the process in the above method embodiment, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the construction device / terminal device, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. For example, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a disk or an optical disk.

[0119] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data, characterized in that: include: Step 1, obtaining classified raster data of the study area, wherein the classified raster data includes geographic spatial data of a plurality of pixels, each pixel corresponds to a pixel neighborhood space, and each of the pixel neighborhood spaces includes homogeneous pixels and heterogeneous pixels; Step 2, for each of the pixel neighborhood spaces, respectively, connecting the boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary, and selecting a reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space; Step 3, respectively calculating the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape for each of the pixel neighborhood spaces, wherein the degree of similarity is used to measure the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space; Step 4, respectively calculating the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space for each pixel neighborhood space, wherein the diversity probability entropy is used to measure the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space; Step 5, for each of the pixel neighborhood spaces, coupling calculations are performed on the spatial morphological information of homogeneous pixels and the spatial structural information of heterogeneous pixels in the pixel neighborhood space to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, and the spatial information amounts of all pixel neighborhood spaces are superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area.

2. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 comprises: For each of the pixel neighborhood spaces, respectively, homogeneous pixels are found according to the adjacency relationship of the central pixels in the pixel neighborhood space, and the neighborhood boundaries of all homogeneous pixels are extracted; Connect the neighborhood boundaries of each homogeneous pixel in sequence to form a pixel neighborhood boundary; Calculate the geometric center point and spatial area of ​​each pixel neighborhood boundary respectively; A reference shape for measuring the pixel neighborhood space is selected based on the geometric center point and the spatial area.

3. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression for calculating the degree of similarity between the pixel neighborhood boundary and the reference shape is: Among them, I Homogeneous Indicates the degree of similarity, A P∩S Represents the geometric intersection area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S, A P∪S Represents the geometric union area between the pixel neighborhood boundary P and the reference shape S.

4. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expression for calculating the diversity probability entropy of each heterogeneous pixel in the pixel neighborhood space is: Among them, I Heterogeneous pixels represents the diversity probability entropy, n represents the type of category encoding, m i represents the number of coded pixels of the i-th category, and N represents the number of heterogeneous pixels.

5. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels includes category coding composition information and adjustment weights; The category code composition information includes the number of category codes, the positional relationship of the category codes and the type of category codes; The adjustment weight is a weight parameter for adjusting the spatial morphology information and the category coding composition information.

6. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the adjustment weight is: Among them, w represents the adjustment weight, M represents the number of pixels in the pixel neighborhood space, and Z represents the number of homogeneous pixels.

7. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before step 5, also include: Performing maximum and minimum value normalization transformation processing on the spatial structure information of the heterogeneous pixels to obtain transformed spatial structure information; The value range of the adjustment weight is adjusted to between [0, 1].

8. The method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 5 comprises: For each of the pixel neighborhood spaces, the adjustment weight is used as a coupling parameter, and the coupling parameter is used to couple the spatial morphological information and the transformed spatial structure information to obtain the spatial information amount of each pixel neighborhood space, which is: I Neighborhood =log2(w×I Homogeneous )×I Heterogeneous pixels Among them, I Neighborhood Represents the amount of spatial information in the pixel neighborhood space; The spatial information of all pixel neighborhood spaces is superimposed to obtain the spatial information measurement result of the study area: Among them, I CGD represents the spatial information measurement result of the study area, P represents the number of rows of classified raster data, Q represents the number of columns of classified raster data, and I Neighborhood-pq Represents the amount of spatial information in the neighborhood space of the pixel in the pth row and the qth column.

9. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for measuring spatial information of classified raster data as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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