A battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system

Abstract

This application provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system, relating to the field of battery management technology. The method includes: starting a timer from zero; communicating with several sensors when a preset time step is met; performing voltage consistency analysis on several voltage monitoring timing information; performing charge state consistency analysis on several charge state monitoring timing information; initiating a balancing strategy when at least one of the voltage consistency indicator and charge state consistency indicator is inconsistent; and performing active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy, then returning to the start process to execute a loop. This application solves the technical problem of high workload and low efficiency in existing technologies due to the need for state monitoring at every moment. By quickly identifying the charge differences between individual battery cells and balancing them through an energy transfer strategy, the efficiency of battery management is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Battery state monitoring (SVM) and active balancing control are crucial technologies for ensuring healthy battery pack operation, extending battery life, and improving safety. SVM acquires and analyzes the real-time operating status of each individual battery cell, including voltage, state of charge (SOC), and temperature, ensuring the battery operates within its normal operating range and preventing performance degradation or safety issues caused by overcharging, over-discharging, or overheating. Active balancing control, on the other hand, is used to transfer energy from high-voltage or high-SOC cells to low-voltage or low-SOC cells when the charge states of the individual cells in the battery pack are inconsistent. This maintains consistent voltage and SOC across all cells, improving overall battery pack efficiency, extending battery life, and preventing premature cell damage due to imbalance. Existing SVM and active balancing control methods typically require real-time monitoring of the battery state at every moment, periodically collecting information such as voltage and SOC of individual cells at fixed time intervals. This leads to excessive computational and storage burdens, generates a large amount of redundant data, and reduces processing efficiency.

[0003] In summary, existing technologies suffer from the problem of high workload and low efficiency due to the need for status monitoring at every moment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the need to monitor the state at every moment leads to a large workload and low efficiency.

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method, which is implemented through a battery state monitoring and active balancing control system. The method includes: when the power battery begins charging, starting a timer from zero; when a preset time step is met, communicating with several sensors deployed on several battery cells and receiving several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information; processing the voltage monitoring timing information using a voltage consistency analysis component to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; processing the charge state monitoring timing information using a charge state consistency analysis component to obtain a charge state consistency identifier; when at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is inconsistent, initiating an balancing strategy to optimize energy transfer balancing and obtain an energy transfer balancing strategy; performing active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy, and then returning to the start process execution loop.

[0007] Secondly, this application also provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control system for executing a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method as described in the first aspect. The battery state monitoring and active balancing control system includes: a timing information receiving module, which starts a timer from zero after the power battery begins charging, and when a preset time step is met, communicates with several sensors deployed on several battery cells and receives several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information; and a voltage information processing module, which processes the several sensors through a voltage consistency analysis component. The system includes: a voltage monitoring timing information processing module to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; a charge information processing module to process the several charge state monitoring timing information through a charge state consistency analysis component to obtain a charge state consistency identifier; an energy transfer balancing module to initiate an energy transfer balancing optimization strategy when at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is inconsistent, thereby obtaining an energy transfer balancing strategy; and an active balancing control module to perform active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy and then return to the start process to execute a loop.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0009] When the power battery begins charging, a timer starts counting from zero. When a preset time step is met, it communicates with several sensors deployed across several battery cells, receiving several voltage monitoring timing information entries and several charge state monitoring timing information entries. A voltage consistency analysis component processes the voltage monitoring timing information to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; a charge state consistency analysis component processes the charge state monitoring timing information to obtain a charge state consistency identifier. If at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is inconsistent, an energy transfer balancing strategy is initiated to optimize energy transfer and obtain an energy transfer balancing strategy. After active balancing control based on the energy transfer balancing strategy, the process returns to the start process and executes a loop. In other words, by monitoring the voltage and charge state (SOC) information in the battery pack in real time and using consistency analysis and active balancing control strategies to optimize battery pack performance, and triggering an energy transfer strategy to balance the charge distribution of the battery pack when inconsistencies are detected, balanced battery management is achieved, improving battery management efficiency.

[0010] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. To better understand the technical means of this application and to facilitate its implementation according to the description, and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application more apparent, specific embodiments of this application are described below. It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method according to this application.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery state monitoring and active balancing control system according to this application.

[0014] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Timing information receiving module 11, Voltage information processing module 12, Charge information processing module 13, Energy transfer equalization module 14, Active equalization control module 15. Detailed Implementation

[0015] This application provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and system, solving the technical problem of high workload and low efficiency caused by the need for state monitoring at every moment in existing technologies. By monitoring the voltage and state of charge (SOC) information in the battery pack in real time, and using consistency analysis and active balancing control strategies to optimize the performance of the battery pack, an energy transfer strategy is triggered when inconsistencies are detected to balance the charge distribution of the battery pack, thereby achieving balanced battery management and improving the efficiency of battery management.

[0016] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0017] Example 1, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 This application provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control method, wherein the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method is applied to a battery state monitoring and active balancing control system, and the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S100: When the power battery starts charging, the timer starts counting from zero. When the preset time step is met, it communicates with several sensors deployed on several battery cells and receives several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information.

[0019] Specifically, power batteries typically refer to high-capacity batteries used in applications such as electric vehicles, power tools, and renewable energy storage systems. These include lithium-ion batteries and ferro-titanium batteries, requiring high energy density and a long lifespan. When a power battery begins charging, the battery management system is activated, and the timer initializes from zero. This means that from the moment the battery begins charging, the timer records the passage of time. A timer is a tool used to track the elapsed time. In a battery monitoring system, the timer records the start time and executes subsequent operations according to a set time step. The preset time step is a pre-defined time interval, such as every 5 seconds, 10 seconds, or longer, at which data is collected to monitor the battery status.

[0020] When the timer reaches the preset time step, the monitoring time is triggered, avoiding data collection at every moment, thus reducing the system load and ensuring the rationality and timeliness of the data. It communicates with sensors deployed on individual battery cells to collect real-time voltage and state of charge (SOC) information. Sensors are devices used to detect and measure the state of individual battery cells (each individual cell in a battery pack), commonly including voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors. The system receives voltage and SOC timing information uploaded by the sensors. Voltage timing information includes changes in battery voltage over a certain period, while SOC timing information includes changes in the battery's state of charge.

[0021] Voltage monitoring time-series information refers to the data on changes in battery voltage over time, aiming to ensure that the battery voltage does not exceed a set safe range during charging and discharging. State of Charge (SOC) is an indicator of the battery's current charge level; SOC monitoring time-series information refers to the data on changes in battery charge level over time. By setting a reasonable time step, data collection at every moment is avoided, reducing the generation of redundant data and improving the efficiency of the battery management system.

[0022] S200: The voltage consistency analysis component processes the several voltage monitoring timing information to obtain a voltage consistency identifier.

[0023] S300: The charge state consistency analysis component processes the timing information of the several charge state monitoring data to obtain a charge state consistency identifier.

[0024] Specifically, the voltage consistency analysis component is used to analyze the voltage consistency of individual battery cells during charging, ensuring a uniform voltage distribution and preventing abnormal battery voltage that could lead to battery pack imbalance or battery damage. The voltage consistency analysis component includes multiple analysis channels: an endpoint voltage consistency detection channel and a continuous time consistency detection channel. The endpoint voltage consistency detection channel is specifically used to analyze the consistency of battery voltage at the endpoint of the charging or discharging process (e.g., when charging is complete or at a critical time point); the continuous time consistency detection channel is used to analyze the consistency of battery voltage over a period of time, i.e., whether the trend of battery voltage change over time remains consistent.

[0025] Several endpoint voltage monitoring values ​​are extracted from several voltage monitoring time series data points; that is, only the endpoint voltage monitoring value of each time series data point is extracted. The endpoint voltage consistency detection channel in the voltage consistency analysis component performs consistency detection on the battery voltage value at the end of charging, obtaining an endpoint voltage consistency identifier. The continuous time consistency detection channel in the voltage consistency analysis component monitors all several voltage monitoring time series data points, obtaining continuous time voltage consistency identifiers. The endpoint voltage consistency identifier and the continuous time voltage consistency identifier are merged into a final voltage consistency identifier, which integrates the overall performance of the battery during charging, including the endpoint voltage consistency and the consistency of voltage changes throughout the process. Specific detection procedures can be found in the subsequent explanation and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0026] The State of Charge (SOC) consistency analysis component processes and analyzes the timing information of a battery's SOC. The SOC is a crucial parameter for measuring a battery's remaining energy, impacting its efficiency and lifespan. This component determines whether the SOC of different batteries or individual cells is consistent. Significant differences in SOC can cause some batteries to deplete prematurely while others remain at a higher charge level, affecting the overall battery pack performance. Similar to voltage consistency analysis, the SOC consistency analysis component processes the timing information of a battery's SOC, analyzing the trends in SOC changes among different individual cells during charging and discharging.

[0027] The charge state consistency analysis component processes this time-series information from charge state monitoring, typically involving analyzing the trend of charge state values ​​over time. If the trend is reasonable, the charge state consistency is marked as consistent; otherwise, it is marked as inconsistent. Charge state consistency is determined by jointly monitoring through the end-time charge state consistency detection channel and the continuous-time charge state consistency detection channel. By analyzing the battery's voltage consistency and charge state consistency, excessively frequent monitoring and data acquisition are avoided, thereby reducing the system's computational burden and storage pressure.

[0028] S400: When at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is an inconsistent identifier, the equalization strategy is initiated to optimize energy transfer equalization and obtain the energy transfer equalization strategy.

[0029] Specifically, the equalization strategy is activated when at least one of the voltage consistency indicators or charge state consistency indicators of certain battery cells in the battery pack is detected to be inconsistent. Voltage consistency indicators mark the voltage uniformity between battery cells, including consistent and inconsistent indicators. If the voltage difference between battery cells is small, the voltage consistency is considered good and marked as consistent; if the voltage difference between battery cells is large, it is marked as inconsistent. Charge state consistency indicators represent the degree of matching of the state of charge (SOC) between battery cells. If the SOC difference between battery cells is small, it is marked as consistent; if the difference is large, it is marked as inconsistent. State of charge (SOC) is an important indicator for measuring the remaining battery capacity.

[0030] Once at least one battery cell in the battery pack is detected to have an inconsistency flag (i.e., a significant difference in voltage or state of charge), a balancing strategy is initiated. The goal of the balancing strategy is to minimize the voltage or SOC difference between battery cells through energy transfer. The solution obtained depends on whether the inconsistency flag includes consecutive time-series inconsistencies. If consecutive time-series inconsistencies are not included, random energy transfer is performed based on the remaining capacity; otherwise, if consecutive time-series inconsistencies are included, the energy transfer scheme is configured based on the time-series information of the remaining capacity. The specific process of obtaining the energy transfer balancing strategy will be explained in detail in the subsequent sections on corresponding weights, and will not be elaborated upon here. Only a general overview is provided.

[0031] After the balancing strategy is initiated, energy transfer balancing optimization is performed, including determining the direction and amount of energy transfer, i.e., deciding which battery cells will act as energy suppliers and which will act as energy receivers, and the specific amount of energy transferred. By dynamically adjusting the energy distribution of the battery pack based on the differences in voltage and charge state of the battery cells, a more balanced energy distribution can be ensured, improving the battery pack's operating efficiency.

[0032] S500: After performing active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy, return to the start process execution loop.

[0033] Specifically, energy transfer balancing strategies address uneven energy distribution within a battery pack. This typically involves transferring energy from cells with higher voltage or state of charge (SOC) to cells with lower SOC to balance the energy differences within the pack. This usually includes supplying cells, receiving cells, and the energy to be transferred. The energy transfer balancing strategy determines which cells act as energy suppliers and which as receivers. Active balancing control, on the other hand, uses external control to regulate energy flow between cells based on their voltage and SOC differences. Through active balancing, excess energy can be transferred from one cell to another, improving the overall efficiency of the battery pack. Unlike passive balancing, active balancing does not consume excess energy but rather transfers it to other cells, avoiding waste.

[0034] Once the energy transfer balancing strategy is completed, it doesn't stop working but returns to the initial monitoring phase to continue monitoring the voltage and charge state of individual battery cells. This execution process is a closed loop, continuously repeated to address dynamic changes in battery state. As time progresses and the charging process continues, the voltage and charge state of individual battery cells will continue to change, thus requiring continuous monitoring and adjustment of the balancing strategy based on the new state. By continuously executing the balancing strategy and returning to the execution loop, adapting to changes in battery state, and adjusting the energy distribution among battery cells in real time, the battery pack maintains its optimal operating state throughout its use, improving battery pack efficiency, extending battery life, and reducing safety risks and performance losses caused by inconsistencies in individual battery cells. By repeatedly executing energy transfer balancing control and making real-time adjustments based on the voltage and charge state of individual battery cells, the energy distribution among the individual battery cells within the battery pack is always in an optimal state, maximizing the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack and avoiding losses caused by overcharging and discharging.

[0035] Furthermore, this application S200 includes:

[0036] The voltage consistency analysis component includes an endpoint voltage consistency detection channel and a continuous time consistency detection channel; it extracts several endpoint voltage monitoring values ​​from several voltage monitoring time sequence information; it detects the several endpoint voltage monitoring values ​​through the endpoint voltage consistency detection channel to obtain an endpoint voltage consistency identifier; it detects the several voltage monitoring time sequence information through the continuous time consistency detection channel to obtain a continuous time voltage consistency identifier; and it adds the endpoint voltage consistency identifier and the continuous time voltage consistency identifier to the voltage consistency identifier.

[0037] Specifically, the voltage consistency analysis component is used to analyze the voltage consistency of individual battery cells during charging. It includes a voltage consistency detection channel at the end of the charging process and a consistency detection channel over a continuous period, ensuring uniform voltage distribution and preventing abnormal battery voltage that could lead to battery pack imbalance or battery damage. The voltage consistency detection channel at the end of the charging process detects whether the voltage of individual battery cells is consistent at a specific moment (such as the end of charging or discharging); the voltage consistency detection channel over a continuous period detects whether the voltage of individual battery cells is consistent over a period of time (such as during charging).

[0038] The system extracts time-series monitoring data of battery voltage over a period of time from sensors deployed on individual battery cells, including voltage values ​​at different time points. For each voltage monitoring time-series data, key voltage monitoring values ​​at specific moments are extracted, namely, voltage monitoring values ​​at several endpoint moments. An endpoint voltage consistency detection channel is used to perform consistency checks on the battery voltage value at the end of charging.

[0039] The system compares the extracted end-time voltage monitoring values ​​through the end-time voltage consistency detection channel to determine whether the individual battery cell voltages are consistent. It also assesses the voltage differences between different batteries. If the end-time voltage differences are significant, it indicates inconsistency between the batteries, requiring further equalization optimization, and the end-time voltage consistency flag is marked as inconsistent. If the voltage differences are small, the battery voltages can be considered consistent, and the end-time voltage consistency flag is marked as consistent.

[0040] The battery voltage monitoring timing information is detected through a continuous time-series consistency detection channel to determine whether the voltage change trend of the battery is consistent throughout the process. Several voltage monitoring timing information entries are input into the continuous time-series consistency detection channel to evaluate the voltage changes of the battery at different time points and detect whether the battery's charging or discharging curve is stable. If the change trends of several voltage monitoring timing information entries are mostly the same, it indicates that the battery exhibits consistent charging and discharging characteristics, and the continuous time-series voltage consistency indicator is marked as consistent. When the change trends of several voltage monitoring timing information entries are mostly different, it indicates that the battery's charging and discharging characteristics differ, and the continuous time-series voltage consistency indicator is marked as inconsistent.

[0041] After completing the two consistency tests described above, the voltage consistency identifier at the endpoint and the voltage consistency identifiers at consecutive time points are merged into a final voltage consistency identifier. This integrates the overall performance of the battery during the charging process, including voltage consistency at the endpoint and voltage change consistency throughout the process. By combining voltage consistency at the endpoint and voltage consistency at consecutive time points, the consistency of battery voltage is comprehensively evaluated, avoiding reliance on data from only one moment to judge battery consistency, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results. By comprehensively evaluating the consistency of the battery at multiple time points, differences between batteries are accurately identified. Based on the consistency identifier, the equalization strategy is adjusted in a timely manner, transferring energy from high-voltage batteries to low-voltage batteries, ensuring balanced charging of the battery pack, and improving battery life and safety.

[0042] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps:

[0043] Calculate the variance of the voltage monitoring values ​​at the several endpoint times to obtain the voltage consistency coefficient; when the voltage consistency coefficient is greater than or equal to the consistency coefficient threshold, configure the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint time as an inconsistency flag; otherwise, configure the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint time as a consistency flag.

[0044] Specifically, the variance of voltage monitoring values ​​at several endpoints is calculated. The variance of the voltage monitoring values ​​at the endpoint refers to the degree of difference between the voltage values ​​of each battery at the end of the charging process (i.e., the endpoint). A larger variance indicates a greater voltage difference between batteries and poorer voltage consistency within the battery pack. Variance is an indicator used to measure the dispersion of a set of data, representing the difference between a data value and its mean. Based on the voltage variance, a voltage consistency coefficient is calculated. The voltage consistency coefficient is an indicator used to evaluate battery voltage consistency based on the calculated variance value. The voltage consistency coefficient reflects the degree of voltage consistency within the battery pack. The voltage consistency coefficient is usually directly related to the voltage variance of the batteries within the battery pack: a smaller voltage variance results in a higher voltage consistency coefficient, indicating poor battery consistency; a larger variance results in a lower coefficient, also indicating poor battery consistency.

[0045] The consistency coefficient threshold is a preset standard value used to determine whether the battery pack voltages are consistent. If the calculated voltage consistency coefficient is greater than or equal to this threshold, the battery voltages are considered consistent; otherwise, the battery voltages are considered inconsistent. The consistency of the battery pack voltages is determined by comparing the voltage consistency coefficient with the preset consistency coefficient threshold. If the calculated voltage consistency coefficient is greater than or equal to the consistency coefficient threshold, the voltage difference between individual battery cells is large, and the voltage consistency flag at the end time is set to an inconsistent flag. If the voltage consistency coefficient is less than the consistency coefficient threshold, the voltage difference between individual battery cells is small, and the voltage consistency flag at the end time is configured as a consistent flag. By calculating the variance of the individual battery cell voltages at the end time, the voltage consistency of the battery pack is quickly assessed, reducing the real-time computational burden on the battery management system, rather than frequently monitoring the voltage of each battery at every moment.

[0046] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps:

[0047] The system collects timing information of several voltage records from several batteries of the same power battery; it statistically analyzes several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences from these several voltage records; when at least a preset proportion of the several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences have the same step change trend, the several voltage records are identified as consistent; otherwise, when at least a preset proportion of the several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences have different step change trends, the several voltage records are identified as inconsistent; using the consistency identifier or the inconsistency identifier as supervision and the several voltage records as input, the system trains the continuous time consistency detection channel.

[0048] Specifically, voltage data from multiple individual cells of the same power battery are collected at different time points to obtain several voltage recording time series. That is, the voltage data sequence of each individual cell is measured and recorded within a certain time interval. The voltage recording time series is a time series reflecting the voltage changes of the battery during charging, discharging, and other processes. For each battery's voltage recording time series, the change step size between every two adjacent voltage values ​​is calculated. The voltage change step size sequence refers to the amount of change in battery voltage within each time step in the voltage recording time series.

[0049] The preset proportion refers to the minimum number of voltage change step sequences where the changing trends are the same or different. This is usually a pre-set number used to determine if there are enough sequences with the same trend. If at least a preset proportion of voltage change step sequences have the same trend, and multiple sequences have the same trend, then the timing information of those voltage records is consistently identified. In other words, when the changing trends of several voltage recording timing information sequences are mostly the same, it indicates that the battery exhibits consistent charge and discharge characteristics, and is marked as consistent.

[0050] Conversely, if at least a predetermined proportion of several voltage change step sequence sequences exhibit different trends, then these voltage recording time series are marked as inconsistent. In other words, if the trends of several voltage recording time series are mostly different, it indicates a difference in the battery's charge-discharge characteristics, and this is marked as inconsistent. A consistency flag (consistent or inconsistent) is used as a monitoring signal, with the voltage recording time series as input, to train the consistency detection channel for consecutive time moments. Training is performed using a set of input data (the battery's voltage recording time series) and corresponding output labels (such as consistency or inconsistency flags).

[0051] The continuous time-series consistency detection channel receives battery voltage record time-series information and, based on previous analysis, assigns a consistency or inconsistency flag to each battery voltage record time-series information. Several voltage record time-series information entries reflect the voltage changes of the battery at different time points, containing important information about the battery's operating state. Using the battery voltage record time-series information and their corresponding flags (consistent or inconsistent), the continuous time-series consistency detection channel in the model is trained. Through supervised learning, the model gradually optimizes its internal parameters. Whenever battery voltage time-series information is input into the model, the model adjusts its parameters based on existing flags (e.g., consistent or inconsistent). The training process uses various optimization algorithms (such as gradient descent) to gradually reduce the model's error. The specific optimization process is as follows: Forward propagation calculates the loss between the current model output and the actual label; backpropagation is used to calculate the gradient of the loss function relative to the model parameters; gradient descent is used to adjust the model parameters based on the calculated gradient, gradually reducing the loss value and improving the model's predictive ability. These steps are repeated until the loss function converges or a preset number of training rounds is reached.

[0052] By statistically analyzing the voltage change step sequence, comprehensive monitoring of voltage at every moment is avoided. Trend analysis of the voltage change step sequence allows for rapid assessment of voltage consistency across multiple batteries. This consistency assessment promptly identifies inconsistencies within the battery pack, optimizes the charging process, and initiates equalization strategies to minimize voltage differences between batteries, thereby extending battery life. Continuous training of the consistency detection channel gradually enables the identification of complex battery voltage change patterns, further improving its accuracy and intelligence.

[0053] Furthermore, this application S400 includes:

[0054] When the inconsistency identifier only includes the endpoint time inconsistency identifier, several remaining charges of several battery cells are obtained; based on the several remaining charges, a random transfer and allocation is performed to obtain an energy transfer scheme; when both the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier of the energy transfer scheme are consistent identifiers, the energy transfer scheme is set as the energy transfer balancing strategy.

[0055] Specifically, if the inconsistency indicator only includes the inconsistency at the final time, meaning only the final time is inconsistent, then several remaining capacities of several battery cells are obtained. By monitoring battery parameters such as voltage and temperature in real time, and combining this with the battery's performance characteristics, the state of charge (SOC) of each battery cell is estimated. By analyzing the remaining capacities of several battery cells, a random energy transfer scheme is developed. Based on the differences in remaining capacities, it is determined how to transfer energy from batteries with higher capacities to batteries with lower capacities, thus achieving energy balance.

[0056] Random energy transfer allocation is a strategy that automatically determines battery energy transfer based on the difference in remaining capacity between individual battery cells. It randomly decides which cells transfer energy to other cells based on their remaining capacity, aiming to achieve balance among the battery cells through energy transfer. An energy transfer scheme refers to a specific battery management strategy that adjusts the energy distribution among battery cells, defining how to transfer energy from one battery cell to another to achieve balance among the battery cells within the battery pack.

[0057] After the energy transfer scheme is generated, the voltage and state of charge (SOC) consistency of each individual battery cell are checked. Only when both the voltage and SOC of the individual cells meet the consistency criteria will the energy transfer scheme be adopted as the final balancing strategy. When an evaluated energy transfer scheme meets both the voltage consistency and SOC consistency indicators, it is established as the final energy transfer balancing strategy, and the energy transfer operation is executed. In a battery pack, inconsistent individual cells can affect the overall performance of the pack. Energy transfer balancing reduces the negative impact of this inconsistency on performance. By optimizing the energy transfer scheme, the voltage and SOC of the individual cells are balanced, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire battery pack.

[0058] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps:

[0059] When the inconsistency identifier includes a continuous time inconsistency identifier, several remaining power time-series information are obtained; based on the several remaining power time-series information, a continuous time-series energy transfer scheme is configured; based on the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme, a balance analysis is performed on the several voltage monitoring time-series information and the several charge state monitoring time-series information to obtain a voltage consistency update identifier and a charge state consistency update identifier; when the continuous time consistency identifiers of the voltage consistency update identifier and the charge state consistency update identifier are both consistency identifiers, an energy transfer balance strategy for a future preset time step is set according to the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme.

[0060] Specifically, if the inconsistency flag includes a continuous inconsistency flag, it indicates that the voltage or charge state of a battery cell is inconsistent at multiple consecutive points in time. The remaining charge time-series information of the battery cells is collected throughout the entire charging or discharging process. This remaining charge time-series information refers to the record of changes in the remaining charge of a battery cell over a period of time, reflecting the charge change trend of the battery cell over that period. Based on several remaining charge time-series information sets, the charge differences between battery cells are analyzed, and a continuous-time energy transfer scheme is generated based on the battery's state of charge. The continuous-time energy transfer scheme is an energy transfer plan calculated based on the remaining charge time-series information of battery cells over a continuous time period, specifying how to transfer energy from batteries with higher charge to batteries with lower charge to optimize the overall charge balance of the battery pack.

[0061] After configuring the energy transfer scheme for continuous time periods, an equalization analysis is performed on several voltage monitoring time series information and several charge state monitoring time series information to evaluate whether the voltage consistency and charge state consistency of individual battery cells have been improved. If the equalization results show that the differences in battery voltage and charge state within the battery pack meet the preset standards, the voltage consistency update flag and charge state consistency update flag are updated to the consistency flag.

[0062] When the equalization analysis results indicate that both the voltage consistency update flag and the charge state consistency update flag are consistent, an energy transfer equalization strategy with a future preset time step is set according to the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme, and this strategy is executed to further optimize the battery pack's state. The future preset time step refers to a fixed time interval pre-set in the battery state monitoring and equalization control system to plan the next monitoring and control operation, determined based on the battery's charge and discharge characteristics, the system's processing capacity, and the required monitoring accuracy. By analyzing the remaining charge time-series information and optimizing the energy transfer scheme accordingly, the voltage and SOC of individual battery cells within the battery pack can be better balanced, avoiding overcharging or over-discharging of some cells. By continuously monitoring and adjusting the voltage and SOC of individual battery cells, system failures or performance degradation caused by battery inconsistencies can be effectively avoided, thereby extending battery life and improving the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0063] Furthermore, this application S500 includes:

[0064] The energy transfer balancing strategy includes an energy supply battery, an energy receiving battery, and an energy transfer amount; a capacitor is connected to the energy supply battery, and energy is stored based on the energy transfer amount; when the energy storage is complete, the capacitor is connected to the energy receiving battery, and energy transfer control is performed based on the energy transfer amount.

[0065] Specifically, energy transfer balancing strategies refer to achieving consistency in voltage and charge states among individual battery cells within a battery pack through energy transfer. This involves selecting appropriate batteries (energy supply batteries and energy receiving batteries) and calculating and controlling the amount of energy transferred. The goal is to optimize the overall state of the battery pack, balance the energy among the batteries, and prevent some individual cells from overcharging or over-discharging. In the energy balancing process of the battery pack, energy supply batteries and energy receiving batteries are identified. Energy supply batteries are those with sufficient charge, while energy receiving batteries are those with lower charge.

[0066] An energy-supplying battery is a single battery cell responsible for providing energy in an energy transfer balancing strategy. When this battery is charging or has excess charge, it needs to transfer some energy to other batteries to balance the energy distribution of the battery pack. An energy-receiving battery is a single battery cell responsible for receiving energy in the same strategy. When this battery is discharging or has insufficient charge, it needs to receive energy from other batteries to restore its charge.

[0067] Connecting a capacitor to a power supply battery allows energy to be temporarily stored in the capacitor, effectively regulating the energy transfer process and preventing instability caused by differences in battery characteristics. The amount of energy transferred refers to the calculated amount of electricity that needs to be transferred from the power supply battery to the power receiving battery in the energy transfer balancing strategy. The capacitor acts as an energy storage element, temporarily storing energy during the transfer process, collecting and storing energy from the power supply battery, and then transferring it to the power receiving battery. Capacitors are characterized by their rapid charging and discharging capabilities, making them suitable for efficient energy transfer over short periods.

[0068] After the capacitor completes energy storage, it connects to the energy receiving battery to control the energy transfer process. The capacitor releases the stored energy, which is then transferred to the target battery (the energy receiving battery) via the battery pack's control system, ensuring effective regulation of energy differences between individual battery cells. During energy transfer, the energy exchange between the capacitor and the battery is precisely controlled based on the amount of energy to be transferred (i.e., the amount of energy transferred). The amount transferred is typically calculated by an equalization strategy based on differences in charge state. The control process must ensure that after each transfer, the voltage and charge state differences of the battery pack tend to be consistent. Through the energy transfer equalization strategy, the voltage and SOC differences of the individual battery cells within the battery pack can be effectively balanced, preventing overcharging or over-discharging of some cells and thus extending the battery pack's lifespan.

[0069] In summary, the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method provided in this application has the following technical advantages:

[0070] When the power battery begins charging, a timer starts counting from zero. When a preset time step is met, it communicates with several sensors deployed across several battery cells, receiving several voltage monitoring timing information entries and several charge state monitoring timing information entries. A voltage consistency analysis component processes the voltage monitoring timing information to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; a charge state consistency analysis component processes the charge state monitoring timing information to obtain a charge state consistency identifier. If at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is inconsistent, an energy transfer balancing strategy is initiated to optimize energy transfer and obtain an energy transfer balancing strategy. After active balancing control based on the energy transfer balancing strategy, the process returns to the start process and executes a loop. In other words, by monitoring the voltage and charge state (SOC) information in the battery pack in real time and using consistency analysis and active balancing control strategies to optimize battery pack performance, and triggering an energy transfer strategy to balance the charge distribution of the battery pack when inconsistencies are detected, balanced battery management is achieved, improving battery management efficiency.

[0071] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept as the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method in Example 1, this application also provides a battery state monitoring and active balancing control system. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The battery state monitoring and active balancing control system includes:

[0072] The system comprises: a timing information receiving module 11, which starts a timer from zero after the power battery begins charging; a timing information receiving module 11 that communicates with several sensors deployed on several battery cells and receives several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information when a preset time step is met; a voltage information processing module 12, which processes the several voltage monitoring timing information through a voltage consistency analysis component to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; a charge information processing module 13, which processes the several charge state monitoring timing information through a charge state consistency analysis component to obtain a charge state consistency identifier; an energy transfer equalization module 14, which initiates an equalization strategy to optimize energy transfer equalization when at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is inconsistent, thereby obtaining an energy transfer equalization strategy; and an active equalization control module 15, which performs active equalization control according to the energy transfer equalization strategy and then returns to the start process execution loop.

[0073] Furthermore, the voltage information processing module 12 in the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system is also used for:

[0074] The voltage consistency analysis component includes an endpoint voltage consistency detection channel and a continuous time consistency detection channel; it extracts several endpoint voltage monitoring values ​​from several voltage monitoring time sequence information; it detects the several endpoint voltage monitoring values ​​through the endpoint voltage consistency detection channel to obtain an endpoint voltage consistency identifier; it detects the several voltage monitoring time sequence information through the continuous time consistency detection channel to obtain a continuous time voltage consistency identifier; and it adds the endpoint voltage consistency identifier and the continuous time voltage consistency identifier to the voltage consistency identifier.

[0075] Furthermore, the voltage information processing module 12 in the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system is also used for:

[0076] Calculate the variance of the voltage monitoring values ​​at the several endpoint times to obtain the voltage consistency coefficient; when the voltage consistency coefficient is greater than or equal to the consistency coefficient threshold, configure the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint time as an inconsistency flag; otherwise, configure the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint time as a consistency flag.

[0077] Furthermore, the voltage information processing module 12 in the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system is also used for:

[0078] The system collects timing information of several voltage records from several batteries of the same power battery; it statistically analyzes several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences from these several voltage records; when at least a preset proportion of the several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences have the same step change trend, the several voltage records are identified as consistent; otherwise, when at least a preset proportion of the several sets of voltage change step sequence sequences have different step change trends, the several voltage records are identified as inconsistent; using the consistency identifier or the inconsistency identifier as supervision and the several voltage records as input, the system trains the continuous time consistency detection channel.

[0079] Furthermore, the energy transfer equalization module 14 in the battery state monitoring and active equalization control system is also used for:

[0080] When the inconsistency identifier only includes the endpoint time inconsistency identifier, several remaining charges of several battery cells are obtained; based on the several remaining charges, a random transfer and allocation is performed to obtain an energy transfer scheme; when both the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier of the energy transfer scheme are consistent identifiers, the energy transfer scheme is set as the energy transfer balancing strategy.

[0081] Furthermore, the energy transfer equalization module 14 in the battery state monitoring and active equalization control system is also used for:

[0082] When the inconsistency identifier includes a continuous time inconsistency identifier, several remaining power time-series information are obtained; based on the several remaining power time-series information, a continuous time-series energy transfer scheme is configured; based on the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme, a balance analysis is performed on the several voltage monitoring time-series information and the several charge state monitoring time-series information to obtain a voltage consistency update identifier and a charge state consistency update identifier; when the continuous time consistency identifiers of the voltage consistency update identifier and the charge state consistency update identifier are both consistency identifiers, an energy transfer balance strategy for a future preset time step is set according to the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme.

[0083] Furthermore, the active balancing control module 15 in the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system is also used for:

[0084] The energy transfer balancing strategy includes an energy supply battery, an energy receiving battery, and an energy transfer amount; a capacitor is connected to the energy supply battery, and energy is stored based on the energy transfer amount; when the energy storage is complete, the capacitor is connected to the energy receiving battery, and energy transfer control is performed based on the energy transfer amount.

[0085] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Figure 1 The battery state monitoring and active balancing control method and specific examples in Embodiment 1 are also applicable to the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system of this embodiment. Through the foregoing detailed description of the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system of this embodiment; therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here. As for the system disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant details can be found in the method section.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0087] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A battery state monitoring and active balancing control method, characterized in that, include: When the power battery starts charging, the start timer starts counting from zero. When the preset time step is met, it communicates with several sensors deployed in several battery cells and receives several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information. The voltage consistency analysis component processes the several voltage monitoring timing information to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; The charge state consistency analysis component processes the timing information of the several charge state monitoring data to obtain a charge state consistency identifier. When at least one of the voltage consistency flag and the charge state consistency flag is an inconsistent flag, the equalization strategy is initiated to optimize energy transfer equalization and obtain the energy transfer equalization strategy. After performing active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy, the process returns to the start process and executes a loop. Initiate an energy transfer equilibrium strategy to optimize energy transfer equilibrium, resulting in an energy transfer equilibrium strategy including: When the inconsistency identifier only includes the endpoint time inconsistency identifier, several remaining capacities of several battery cells are obtained; Based on the aforementioned remaining power, a random transfer and allocation scheme is obtained; When both the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier of the energy transfer scheme are consistent identifiers, the energy transfer scheme is set as the energy transfer balancing strategy. The voltage consistency analysis component includes a voltage consistency detection channel at the end time and a consistency detection channel at consecutive times. The voltage consistency analysis component processes the plurality of voltage monitoring time sequence information to obtain a voltage consistency identifier, including: Extract the voltage monitoring values ​​at several endpoint times from the several voltage monitoring timing information; The voltage consistency detection channel at the endpoint time is used to detect the voltage monitoring values ​​at the endpoint time to obtain the voltage consistency identifier at the endpoint time. The continuous time consistency detection channel is used to detect the several voltage monitoring timing information to obtain the continuous time voltage consistency identifier. Add the voltage consistency identifier at the endpoint and the voltage consistency identifier at consecutive moments to the voltage consistency identifier; The voltage consistency detection channel at the endpoint time is used to detect the voltage monitoring values ​​at the endpoint time to obtain an endpoint voltage consistency identifier, including: Calculate the variance of the voltage monitoring values ​​at the several endpoint times to obtain the voltage consistency coefficient; When the voltage consistency coefficient is greater than or equal to the consistency coefficient threshold, the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint time is configured as an inconsistency flag; Otherwise, configure the voltage consistency flag at the endpoint as a consistency flag; The continuous time consistency detection channel is used to detect the several voltage monitoring timing information to obtain a continuous time voltage consistency identifier, which includes the following: Collect timing information of several voltage records from several batteries of the same power battery; Statistically analyze several sets of voltage change step sequence information of the aforementioned voltage records; When at least a preset proportion of the several voltage change step sequence sequences have the same step change trend, the several voltage record timing information are consistently identified. Otherwise, if at least a preset proportion of the step change trends of the several sets of voltage change step sequence are different, the timing information of the several voltage records will be marked as inconsistent. Using the consistency identifier or the inconsistency identifier as supervision and the timing information of the several voltage records as input, the continuous time consistency detection channel is trained.

2. The battery state monitoring and active balancing control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Initiate an energy transfer equilibrium strategy to optimize energy transfer equilibrium, resulting in an energy transfer equilibrium strategy including: When the inconsistency identifier includes consecutive time inconsistency identifiers, several remaining power time sequence information are obtained; Based on the aforementioned remaining power time sequence information, configure a continuous time-series energy transfer scheme; Based on the continuous time-series energy transfer scheme, an equalization analysis is performed on the several voltage monitoring time series information and the several charge state monitoring time series information to obtain voltage consistency update identifier and charge state consistency update identifier; When both the voltage consistency update flag and the charge state consistency update flag are consistent flags for consecutive time intervals, the energy transfer scheme for consecutive time intervals is set as an energy transfer balancing strategy for a future preset time step.

3. The battery state monitoring and active balancing control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Active equilibrium control based on the energy transfer equilibrium strategy includes: The energy transfer balancing strategy includes an energy supply battery, an energy receiving battery, and an energy transfer amount; Connect the capacitor to the energy supply battery and store energy based on the amount of energy transferred. Once energy storage is complete, the capacitor is connected to the energy receiving battery, and energy transfer control is performed based on the amount of energy transferred.

4. A battery state monitoring and active balancing control system, characterized in that, The steps for implementing the battery state monitoring and active balancing control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery state monitoring and active balancing control system comprises: The timing information receiving module is used to start a timer from zero when the power battery starts charging, and when the preset time step is met, communicate with several sensors deployed on several battery cells and receive several voltage monitoring timing information and several charge state monitoring timing information. A voltage information processing module is used to process the plurality of voltage monitoring timing information through a voltage consistency analysis component to obtain a voltage consistency identifier; The charge information processing module is used to process the time sequence information of the plurality of charge state monitoring through the charge state consistency analysis component to obtain the charge state consistency identifier. An energy transfer equalization module is used to activate an equalization strategy to optimize energy transfer equalization when at least one of the voltage consistency identifier and the charge state consistency identifier is an inconsistent identifier, thereby obtaining an energy transfer equalization strategy. An active balancing control module is used to perform active balancing control according to the energy transfer balancing strategy, and then return to the start process execution loop.

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