Cooling mechanism of superconducting motor and superconducting motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling mechanism of a superconducting motor and the superconducting motor, and belongs to the technical field of superconducting motors, and the cooling mechanism comprises a rotating part connected with a rotor of the superconducting motor and a static part connected with an external refrigerating machine; each of the rotating part and the static part comprises a heat conduction structure; the heat conduction structure comprises a plurality of cylindrical metal layers which are concentrically connected in a sleeved mode. The two heat conduction structures are mutually nested, and the metal layers in the two heat conduction structures are staggered; and a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the metal layer in the static part so as to be in contact with the metal layer in the adjacent rotating part for heat conduction. In the working process, the rotating part rotates around the motor shaft along with the rotor, the static part keeps static, and heat is conducted to the rotating part through the rotor magnet, transmitted to the static part through the heat conduction soft brush from the rotating part in a heat conduction mode and finally conducted to a refrigerating machine cold head so as to achieve cooling. No extra cooling medium is needed, overflow of the cooling medium is avoided, the cooling efficiency is high, the cooling cost is low, and safety is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting motors, and more specifically, relates to a cooling mechanism of a superconducting motor and a superconducting motor. Background Art

[0002] A superconducting motor is a motor that uses superconducting materials to make stator or rotor magnets. It uses the zero resistance characteristics of superconducting materials to enable superconducting magnets made of superconducting materials to pass currents much larger than conventional copper windings. This technology can significantly improve the power density and torque density of the motor, and significantly reduce the weight and size of the motor. Based on the above advantages, superconducting motors are often used in wind power generation, ship propulsion, aircraft engines and other fields. Superconducting motors can be divided into two categories: semi-superconducting motors and full superconducting motors. In semi-superconducting motors, superconducting magnets are often used to form the motor rotor; in full superconducting motors, superconducting magnets are often used to form the rotor, and superconducting tapes are used as stator armature windings. In motors with superconducting magnets forming the rotor, the outside world is required to provide cooling capacity for the superconducting magnets on the rotor. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the cooling mechanism of a superconducting motor.

[0003] The cooling mechanism of the existing superconducting motor often uses liquid, gas and other cooling media to cool the rotor, considering that the magnet needs to rotate, and uses a rotary joint to connect the rotating part and the stationary part of the medium pipeline. On the one hand, the rotary joint needs to ensure that the rotor can rotate normally and the stator is fixed; on the other hand, it needs to ensure that the cooling medium flows between the rotor and the stator. In order to ensure the rotation of the rotor, in addition to the bearing playing a supporting role between the rotor and the stator, it is necessary to ensure that there is no contact between the rotor and the stator and there is a gap. If there is no such gap, the rotor will contact the stator during the rotation process, resulting in a sweeping accident, making the motor unable to work normally; however, due to the gap between the stator and the rotor, the static part of the rotating cooling structure connected to the stator and the rotating part connected to the rotor also have a gap. During the working process, the cooling medium in the cooling mechanism is easy to overflow from the gap, the cooling efficiency is low, and more cooling medium is required, resulting in higher cooling costs; at the same time, since the cooling medium will leak into the external environment, there is a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a cooling mechanism for a superconducting motor and a superconducting motor, the purpose of which is to provide a superconducting motor cooling mechanism with high cooling efficiency, low cooling cost and relatively safe.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a cooling mechanism for a superconducting motor, comprising: a rotating component and a stationary component; the rotating component is used to connect to the rotor of the superconducting motor; the stationary component is used to connect to an external refrigerator; during the operation of the motor, the rotating component rotates around the motor shaft along with the rotor, and the stationary component remains stationary;

[0006] The rotating component comprises: a rotating heat-conducting structure; the rotating heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved first metal layers; N≥2;

[0007] The stationary component comprises: a stationary heat-conducting structure; the stationary heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved second metal layers;

[0008] The first metal layer and the second metal layer are both cylindrical;

[0009] The rotating heat-conducting structure and the stationary heat-conducting structure are nested with each other, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged alternately; a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the second metal layer to contact and conduct heat with the adjacent first metal layer.

[0010] Further preferably, the above-mentioned thermally conductive soft brush is a carbon fiber brush.

[0011] Further preferably, the above-mentioned thermally conductive soft brush is an alloy wire brush.

[0012] Further preferably, the rotating component further comprises: a first metal connecting component;

[0013] The first metal connection component is arranged at one end of the rotating heat-conducting structure close to the rotor, and is used to connect the rotating heat-conducting structure to the rotor.

[0014] Further preferably, the stationary component further comprises: a second metal connecting component;

[0015] The second metal connection component is arranged at one end of the stationary heat-conducting structure close to the external refrigerator, and is used to connect the stationary heat-conducting structure to the external refrigerator.

[0016] Further preferably, the thickness of the first metal layer and the second metal layer ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0017] Further preferably, the gap distances between adjacent first metal layers and second metal layers are the same.

[0018] Further preferably, materials of the first metal layer and the second metal layer are both thermally conductive materials.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a superconducting motor, comprising: the cooling mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0020] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a cooling mechanism for a superconducting motor, comprising: a rotating part connected to the rotor of the superconducting motor and a stationary part connected to an external refrigerator; both the rotating part and the stationary part include a heat-conducting structure; the heat-conducting structure includes: a plurality of concentrically sleeved cylindrical metal layers; two heat-conducting structures are nested with each other, the metal layers inside the two are staggered, and a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the second metal layer to contact and conduct heat with the adjacent first metal layer; during the operation of the motor, the rotating part rotates around the motor shaft with the rotor, and the stationary part always remains stationary, and heat is conducted from the rotor magnet to the rotating part, and then from the rotating part to the stationary part through the heat-conducting soft brush in the form of heat conduction, and finally to the cold head of the refrigerator to achieve cooling; in this process, the heat-conducting soft brush can achieve heat conduction of more contact points with lower friction, thereby maximizing the heat conduction area, and significantly reducing the heat conduction distance, and the cooling effect is better. The present invention does not require additional cooling medium, avoids overflow and leakage of cooling medium, has high heat conduction and heat transfer efficiency, high cooling efficiency, low cooling cost, and is relatively safe. At the same time, the present invention has a simple structure and low cost.

[0022] 2. Furthermore, in the cooling mechanism provided by the present invention, the heat-conductive soft brush is preferably a carbon fiber brush. Since the carbon fiber material has low friction resistance, high hardness, wear resistance, and high thermal conductivity, it can further reduce the friction between the rotating parts and the stationary parts and increase the service life of the cooling mechanism.

[0023] 3. Furthermore, in the cooling mechanism provided by the present invention, the thermally conductive soft brush is preferably an alloy wire brush. Since the alloy material has high thermal conductivity, is easy to process and manufacture, has low cost, long life, and low sliding friction, it can further reduce the friction between the rotating parts and the stationary parts, improve the thermal conductivity efficiency, and increase the service life of the cooling mechanism.

[0024] 4. Furthermore, in the cooling mechanism provided by the present invention, the gap distances between adjacent first metal layers and second metal layers are the same, which can absorb heat and conduct heat more evenly, further improve cooling efficiency, and facilitate production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a superconducting motor cooling mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a superconducting motor cooling mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention when used in a superconducting motor;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotating component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stationary component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a rotating structure and a stationary structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when they are nested with each other.

[0030] Figure numerals: 21 - rotating part, 31 - stationary part, 41 - cold head of refrigerator, 42 - refrigerator, 51 - motor shaft, 52 - motor housing, 53 - motor rotor, 54 - motor stator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a cooling mechanism for a superconducting motor, comprising: a rotating component and a stationary component; the rotating component is used to connect to the rotor of the superconducting motor; the stationary component is used to connect to an external refrigerator; during the operation of the motor, the rotating component rotates around the motor shaft along with the rotor, and the stationary component remains stationary;

[0033] The rotating component comprises: a rotating heat-conducting structure; the rotating heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved first metal layers; N≥2;

[0034] The stationary component comprises: a stationary heat-conducting structure; the stationary heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved second metal layers;

[0035] The first metal layer and the second metal layer are both cylindrical;

[0036] The rotating heat-conducting structure and the stationary heat-conducting structure are nested with each other, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged alternately; a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the second metal layer to contact and conduct heat with the adjacent first metal layer.

[0037] It should be noted that the material of the above-mentioned thermally conductive soft brush can be rubber, carbon fiber, metal material, etc.; preferably, in an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned thermally conductive soft brush is a carbon fiber brush or an alloy wire brush. Since the carbon fiber material has low friction resistance, high hardness, wear resistance, and high thermal conductivity, it can further reduce the friction between the rotating parts and the stationary parts and increase the service life of the cooling mechanism. Since the alloy material has high thermal conductivity, easy processing and manufacturing, low cost, long life, and low sliding friction, it can further reduce the friction between the rotating parts and the stationary parts, improve the thermal conductivity efficiency, and increase the service life of the cooling mechanism. In particular, aluminum-copper metal alloy, because aluminum and copper metals have a thermal conductivity significantly higher than that at room temperature at the low temperature of superconducting operation, it can be more helpful to improve the thermal conduction power of the cooling mechanism and increase the cooling power of the motor.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the rotating component further includes: a first metal connecting component;

[0039] The first metal connection component is arranged at one end of the rotating heat-conducting structure close to the rotor, and is used to connect the rotating heat-conducting structure to the rotor.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the stationary component further includes: a second metal connecting component;

[0041] The second metal connection component is arranged at one end of the stationary heat-conducting structure close to the external refrigerator, and is used to connect the stationary heat-conducting structure to the external refrigerator.

[0042] For the thickness design of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, it is considered that the thickness design needs to ensure the feasibility of industrial processing on the one hand, and cannot be too thin; on the other hand, it needs to ensure that the overall device has enough layers to achieve a large enough area, and cannot be too thick. Preferably, in an optional embodiment, the thickness of the first metal layer and the second metal layer ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0043] In an optional implementation, the gap distances between adjacent first metal layers and second metal layers are the same, so as to absorb heat more evenly and facilitate production.

[0044] In an optional implementation manner, the materials of the first metal layer and the second metal layer are both thermally conductive materials, which may be thermally conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper, etc., preferably copper.

[0045] In order to further illustrate the cooling mechanism of the superconducting motor provided by the present invention, a specific embodiment is described in detail below:

[0046] In this embodiment, the schematic diagram of the superconducting motor cooling mechanism used for the superconducting motor is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the superconducting motor cooling mechanism includes a rotating part 21 and a stationary part 31. The rotating part 21 is connected to the rotor 53 of the superconducting motor and rotates with the rotation of the rotor during the operation of the motor. The stationary part 31 is connected to the external refrigerator 42 and remains stationary during the operation of the motor.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 The figures show a rotating component 21 and a stationary component 31. The rotating component 21 includes: a first metal connection component and a rotating heat-conducting structure; the rotating heat-conducting structure includes: N concentrically sleeved first metal layers; N≥2; the first metal connection component is arranged at one end of the rotating heat-conducting structure close to the rotor, and is used to connect the rotating heat-conducting structure to the rotor. The stationary component 31 includes: a second metal connection component and a stationary heat-conducting structure; the stationary heat-conducting structure includes: N concentrically sleeved second metal layers; the second metal connection component is arranged at one end of the stationary heat-conducting structure close to the external refrigerator, and is used to connect the stationary heat-conducting structure to the external refrigerator.

[0048] The rotating heat-conducting structure and the stationary heat-conducting structure are nested with each other, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged alternately; a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the second metal layer to contact and conduct heat with the adjacent first metal layer, as shown in the following example. Figure 5 shown.

[0049] The materials of the rotating part 21 and the stationary part 31 are both copper. During operation, the rotating heat-conducting structure of the rotating part 21 acts as a rotating heat-conducting emission source, connected to the superconducting motor rotor magnet. When the rotor rotates, the rotating heat-conducting structure also rotates around the motor shaft with the rotor; the stationary heat-conducting structure of the stationary part 31 acts as a stationary heat-conducting receiver, connected to the stationary cold head of the external refrigerator, and always remains stationary during the operation of the motor. The rotating heat-conducting structure is connected to the superconducting motor rotor magnet, and heat is conducted from the rotor magnet to the rotating heat-conducting structure, and then from the rotating heat-conducting structure to the stationary heat-conducting structure through a heat-conducting soft brush in the form of heat conduction, and finally conducted to the cold head of the refrigerator to achieve cooling without the need for additional cooling medium.

[0050] In this embodiment, the number of layers of the first metal layer in the rotating heat-conducting structure and the number of layers of the second metal layer in the static heat-conducting structure are both 5 layers, and the gap distance between adjacent first metal layers and second metal layers is 1.5 mm. The larger thermal conductivity area and smaller gap distance ensure the power of thermal conduction. At the same time, the spacing of 1.5 mm also ensures the feasibility of engineering implementation. The thermally conductive soft brush can achieve heat conduction at more contact points with lower friction, has a better cooling effect, and avoids the use of a fluid medium rotating sealing device, reducing the technical difficulty.

[0051] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a superconducting motor, comprising: the cooling mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0052] The related technical solution is the same as the cooling mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling mechanism for a superconducting motor, characterized in that: include: A rotating part and a stationary part; the rotating part is used to connect to the rotor of the superconducting motor; the stationary part is used to connect to an external refrigerator; During the operation of the motor, the rotating component rotates around the motor shaft along with the rotor, and the stationary component remains stationary; The rotating component comprises: a rotating heat-conducting structure; the rotating heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved first metal layers; N≥2; The stationary component comprises: a stationary heat-conducting structure; the stationary heat-conducting structure comprises: N concentrically sleeved second metal layers; The first metal layer and the second metal layer are both cylindrical; The rotating heat-conducting structure and the stationary heat-conducting structure are nested with each other, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged alternately; a heat-conducting soft brush is arranged on the surface of the second metal layer to contact and conduct heat with the adjacent first metal layer.

2. The cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermally conductive soft brush is a carbon fiber brush.

3. The cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermally conductive soft brush is an alloy wire brush.

4. The cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component further includes: a first metal connecting component; The first metal connecting component is disposed at one end of the rotating heat-conducting structure close to the rotor, and is used to connect the rotating heat-conducting structure to the rotor.

5. The cooling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stationary component further comprises: a second metal connecting component; The second metal connection component is disposed at one end of the stationary heat-conducting structure close to the external refrigerator, and is used to connect the stationary heat-conducting structure to the external refrigerator.

6. The cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the first metal layer and the second metal layer ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

7. The cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gap distances between adjacent first metal layers and second metal layers are the same.

8. The cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The materials of the first metal layer and the second metal layer are both thermally conductive materials.

9. A superconducting motor, characterized in that: include: The cooling mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images