Application weight self-test type fertilization mechanism and fertilization device

Abstract

The invention relates to an application weight self-detection type fertilization mechanism and a fertilization device.The fertilization mechanism comprises a frame body, a material box is fixed to the frame body, a conveying driving part is arranged at the top of the material box, an output shaft of the conveying driving part is circumferentially connected with the top end of a spiral conveying shaft, and the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a fertilizer height detection element; after the spiral stirring shaft penetrates through the bottom of the material box, the bottom end of the spiral stirring shaft is rotationally connected with a bearing seat, the bearing seat is installed on the frame body through a pressure detection element, the bottom end of the spiral conveying shaft extends into a fertilizer discharging cover fixed to the bottom of the material box, and a fertilizer discharging wheel connected with a fertilizer discharging driving part is arranged at an opening in the bottom end of the fertilizer discharging cover; and a fertilizer spreading wheel connected with the fertilizer spreading driving piece is arranged below the fertilizer discharging wheel. By adopting the fertilizing mechanism disclosed by the invention, accurate control of variable rate fertilization can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a self-measurement fertilizing mechanism and a fertilizing device with applied weight. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The current excessive use of fertilizers in the agricultural field has increased agricultural production costs on the one hand, and caused agricultural non-point source pollution on the other hand, which not only affects the quality of agricultural products, but also threatens the safety of the agricultural ecological environment. For this reason, variable fertilization technology has become the main research direction of the industry as the main technical means to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied and improve the effective utilization rate. Since the main indicator of fertilizer application is still based on weight, and the size and weight of fertilizer particles are different, the traditional fertilizer machinery detection method is based on the measurement of the number or volume of fertilizer particles, which makes it difficult to achieve accurate detection of different fertilizer application amounts, resulting in inaccurate fertilizer measurement. This situation is more prominent in fertilizer spreading machinery. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-measuring fertilization mechanism and a fertilization device with applied weight, which can realize precise variable fertilization control.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application weight self-testing fertilization mechanism, comprising a frame, a material box is fixed on the frame, a conveying drive is provided on the top of the material box, an output shaft of the conveying drive is circumferentially connected with the top end of a spiral conveying shaft, a fertilizer height detection element is provided on the spiral conveying shaft, and the bottom end of the spiral stirring shaft is rotatably connected with a bearing seat after passing through the bottom of the material box, the bearing seat is installed on the frame through a pressure detection element, the bottom end of the spiral conveying shaft extends into a fertilizer discharge cover fixed at the bottom of the material box, a fertilizer discharge wheel connected with the fertilizer discharge drive is provided at the bottom open of the fertilizer discharge cover, and a fertilizer spreading wheel connected with the fertilizer spreading drive is provided below the fertilizer discharge wheel;

[0007] The fertilizer discharging wheel can discharge the fertilizer delivered by the screw conveying shaft to the fertilizer spreading wheel so as to spread the fertilizer through the fertilizer spreading wheel.

[0008] Optionally, the fertilizer height detection element uses multiple capacitive sensors arranged on the screw conveyor shaft, and the capacitive sensors are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the screw conveyor shaft. The signal lines of the multiple capacitive sensors cooperate with the electric slip ring sleeved on the top of the screw conveyor shaft. The conveying drive is fixed on the support, and the support is fixed on the top of the material box.

[0009] Optionally, the conveying drive member adopts a conveying drive motor, which is fixed on a support, and the support is fixed on a support beam set on the top of the material box. The output shaft of the conveying drive motor is circumferentially connected to the top end of the spiral conveying shaft through a coupling.

[0010] Optionally, the spiral conveying shaft includes a rotating shaft, which is coaxially and circumferentially connected to the output shaft of the rotating drive member so that the rotating shaft can rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the rotating drive member and can move along its own axis, and the rotating shaft is provided with spiral blades.

[0011] Optionally, fertilizer discharge wheels are provided on both sides of the bearing seat and are located at the bottom opening of the fertilizer discharge cover, and the fertilizer discharge wheels on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the spiral conveying shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the fertilizer spreading drive member adopts a gearbox, and the fertilizer spreading wheels below the fertilizer discharge wheels on both sides are connected to the gearbox fixed to the frame so that the fertilizer spreading wheels on both sides output synchronous rotation in opposite directions, and the gearbox is used to connect to the power system of the walking equipment.

[0013] Optionally, the fertilizer discharge wheel includes a wheel body, which is connected to a fertilizer discharge driving member fixed to the fertilizer discharge cover, and a wheel surface of the wheel body is provided with a plurality of baffles at equal intervals to form a plurality of fertilizer containing grooves.

[0014] Optionally, a guide cover is provided on the top of the bearing seat to guide the fertilizer into the fertilizer receiving groove of the fertilizer discharge wheel.

[0015] Optionally, the pressure detection element is a pressure sensor arranged between the bearing seat and the frame.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fertilizing device, comprising the self-measurement type fertilizing mechanism for application weight as described in the first aspect, wherein a frame is connected to a walking device.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. In the fertilization mechanism of the present invention, the top of the spiral conveying shaft is circumferentially connected with the output shaft of the conveying drive member, and can generate movement along its own axial direction as the conveying drive member rotates. The bearing seat at the bottom end of the spiral conveying shaft is connected to the pressure detection element. The spiral conveying shaft is also provided with a fertilizer height detection element. When the fertilization mechanism is in a static state, after fertilizer is added into the material box, the fertilizer height within the conveying range of the spiral conveying shaft can be detected by the fertilizer height detection element. At the same time, the weight of the fertilizer within the conveying range of the spiral conveying shaft can be detected by the pressure detection element, so that the density of the fertilizer can be obtained. Because the volume of the fertilizer output by the spiral conveying shaft is certain after it rotates by a set angle, the amount of fertilizer applied can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the spiral conveying shaft, thereby realizing precise variable fertilization control.

[0019] 2. The fertilizing mechanism of the present invention is provided with a fertilizer wheel, through which fertilizer is sent to the fertilizer spreading wheel. The fertilizer wheel plays a buffering role in fertilizer placement. Since the baffles of the fertilizer wheel are evenly spaced, the volumes of multiple fertilizer holding tanks are the same, thus avoiding uneven instantaneous fertilizer amount during spiral fertilizer placement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the bottom of the spiral conveying shaft of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1. frame, 2. material box, 3. bearing seat, 4. fertilizer wheel, 5. fertilizer cover, 6. fertilizer spreading wheel, 7. gearbox, 8. support beam, 9. support, 10. conveying drive motor, 11. coupling, 12. rotating shaft, 13. spiral blade, 14. capacitive sensor, 15. electric slip ring, 16. control system, 17. pressure sensor, 18. fertilizer drive motor, 19. deflector cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This embodiment provides a self-testing fertilizer application mechanism. Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes a frame 1, a material box 2 is fixed to the frame 1, and the material box 2 is used to put the fertilizer to be fertilized. A rotating drive is provided on the top of the material box 2, and the output shaft of the rotating drive is circumferentially connected to the top of the screw conveying shaft. The screw conveying shaft can rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the rotating drive and can move linearly along its own axis. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the material box 2, and the screw conveying shaft extends to the bottom of the material box through the discharge port. The bottom end of the screw conveying shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 3, and the bearing seat 3 is installed on the frame 1, and a pressure detection element is provided between the bearing seat 3 and the frame 1.

[0026] Fertilizer discharge wheels 4 are provided on both sides of the bearing seat 3 . The fertilizer discharge wheels 4 are located inside the open bottom end of the fertilizer discharge cover 5 . The top of the fertilizer discharge cover 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box 2 .

[0027] The fertilizer discharge wheels 4 on both sides are connected to a fertilizer discharge driving member fixed to the fertilizer discharge cover 5. The fertilizer discharge driving member can drive the fertilizer discharge wheels 4 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the fertilizer discharge wheels 4 on both sides are opposite.

[0028] A fertilizer spreading wheel 6 is provided below the fertilizer discharging wheel 4, and the fertilizer spreading wheel 6 is connected to a fertilizer spreading driving member installed on the frame 1. In this embodiment, the fertilizer spreading driving member adopts a gearbox 7 installed on the frame, and two output shafts of the gearbox 7 are respectively connected to the fertilizer spreading wheels 6 on both sides, so as to drive the fertilizer spreading wheels 6 on both sides to perform synchronous rotational motion in opposite directions.

[0029] The top of the material box 1 is open and the bottom is provided with an inverted cone structure to facilitate the discharge of fertilizer. A support beam 8 is provided at the open top of the material box 1, and the support beam 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the material box 1. A support 9 is provided in the middle of the support beam 8, and a conveying drive member is provided on the support 9. In this embodiment, the conveying drive member adopts a conveying drive motor 10, and the output shaft of the conveying drive motor 10 is coaxially arranged with the material box 2.

[0030] The conveying drive motor 10 is fixed on the support 9, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the coupling 11. The other end of the coupling 11 is circumferentially connected to the top end of the screw conveying shaft by a key connection. The conveying drive motor 10 can drive the screw conveying shaft to rotate through the coupling 11, and the screw conveying shaft can move linearly along its own axial direction.

[0031] The spiral conveying shaft includes a rotating shaft 12, the top end of the rotating shaft 12 is circumferentially connected to the coupling 11, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 3, and a spiral blade 13 is arranged on the rotating shaft 12. The spiral blade 13 rotates with the rotating shaft 12 to transport the fertilizer downward.

[0032] The rotating shaft 12 is provided with a fertilizer height detection element for detecting the height of the fertilizer within the conveying range of the screw conveying shaft.

[0033] In this embodiment, the conveying range of the spiral conveying shaft refers to the range where the fertilizer can be pushed downward by the spiral blades.

[0034] The fertilizer height detection element uses a plurality of capacitive sensors 14 , which are mounted on the rotating shaft 12 and are evenly spaced along the axis of the rotating shaft 12 .

[0035] The signal line of the capacitive sensor 14 is connected to the inner ring of the electric slip ring 15. The electric slip ring 15 is sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft 12, and its inner ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12. The outer ring of the electric slip ring 15 is provided with a card plate, and the card plate is provided with a card slot. The corresponding support 9 is provided with an ear plate extending into the card slot, so that the outer ring of the electric slip ring 15 can only make a linear motion in the axial direction and will not rotate. The outer ring of the electric slip ring 15 cooperates with the control cable, and the control cable is connected to the control system 16 for receiving the signal of the capacitive sensor 14 and supplying power to the capacitive sensor 14.

[0036] The bottom end of the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 3 . The bearing seat 3 is mounted on the frame 1 and a pressure detection element is provided between the bearing seat 3 and the frame 1 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the pressure detection element is a pressure sensor 17 disposed between the bearing seat 3 and the frame 1 .

[0038] The pressure sensor 17 and the capacitance sensor 14 are connected to a control system 16 installed on the side of the material box through cables, and can transmit the collected signals to the control system.

[0039] The bottom of the material box 2 is provided with a discharge port, and the bottom end of the screw conveyor shaft extends to the bottom of the material box 2 through the discharge port. The size of the discharge port matches that of the screw conveyor shaft so that the fertilizer can be discharged from the discharge port under the action of the screw conveyor shaft.

[0040] The rotating shaft of the screw conveyor shaft extends out from the bottom of the material box 2 and is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 3. Fertilizer discharge wheels 4 are provided on both sides of the bearing seat 3. The fertilizer discharge wheels 4 are located at the bottom open of the fertilizer discharge cover. The fertilizer discharge cover 5 is fixed to the bottom of the material box 2. The bottom end of the fertilizer discharge cover 5 is open. The fertilizer discharge wheels 4 on both sides of the bearing seat 3 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the screw conveyor shaft.

[0041] Both fertilizer wheels 4 are connected to a fertilizer driving member, which adopts a fertilizer driving motor 18. The fertilizer driving motor 18 is fixed on the fertilizer hood 5, and its output shaft is connected to the fertilizer wheel 4. The two fertilizer wheels 4 can rotate in opposite directions under the drive of the fertilizer driving motor 18, so as to deliver the fertilizer sent into the fertilizer hood 5 by the spiral conveying shaft.

[0042] The fertilizer wheel 4 includes a wheel body, which is connected to the output shaft of the fertilizer discharge driving motor 18. A plurality of baffles are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the wheel surface of the wheel body, and the baffles are arranged at a set acute angle to the radial direction of the wheel body. Fertilizer containing grooves are formed between adjacent baffles. Since the baffles are arranged at equal intervals, the volumes of the plurality of fertilizer containing grooves are the same.

[0043] Correspondingly, deflector covers 19 are provided on both sides of the top of the bearing seat to guide the fallen fertilizer into the fertilizer containing tank.

[0044] A fertilizer spreading wheel 6 is provided below the two fertilizer discharging wheels, and the two fertilizer spreading wheels 6 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the screw conveying shaft.

[0045] The fertilizer spreading wheel 6 is used to receive the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharging wheel and then spread the fertilizer to achieve fertilization.

[0046] The fertilizer spreading wheel 6 can adopt the existing fertilizer spreading wheel structure, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0047] The fertilizer spreading wheel 6 is connected to a fertilizer spreading drive, which can drive the two fertilizer spreading wheels to perform synchronous rotational motion in opposite directions.

[0048] The fertilizer spreading drive member adopts a gearbox 7, which is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The two output shafts of the gearbox 7 are respectively connected to the two fertilizer spreading wheels 6, and the input shaft thereof is used to connect to the power system of the walking device.

[0049] The working method of the fertilizing mechanism of this embodiment is: the fertilizer to be applied is placed in the material box 2, the spiral conveying shaft rotates under the drive of the conveying drive motor 10, and the fertilizer is transported downward to the internal space of the fertilizer discharge cover 5 through the spiral blade 13. The fertilizer discharge wheel 4 rotates under the drive of the fertilizer discharge drive motor 18. After the fertilizer enters the fertilizer holding tank, it rotates with the fertilizer discharge wheel 4. When the fertilizer holding tank rotates to face the fertilizer spreading wheel 6, the fertilizer falls into the fertilizer spreading wheel 6 under the action of gravity, and the fertilizer spreading wheel 6 rotates to spread the fertilizer.

[0050] In this embodiment, fertilizer is delivered to the fertilizer spreading wheel 6 through the fertilizer wheel 4, and the fertilizer wheel 6 plays a role of fertilizer buffering. Since the volumes of multiple fertilizer containing tanks are the same, the instantaneous uneven fertilizer amount during spiral fertilizer application is avoided.

[0051] The conveying drive motor 10 and the fertilizer discharge drive motor 18 are both connected to the control system 16, and their operations are controlled by the control system 16.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the entire fertilization mechanism is in a static state and fertilizer is added to the material box 2, the height of the fertilizer within the conveying range of the spiral conveying shaft can be detected by the capacitive sensor 14, and the fertilizer is pressed on the spiral blade 13, so that the pressure of the spiral conveying shaft and the bearing seat 3 on the pressure sensor 17 increases, and then the weight of the fertilizer within the conveying range of the spiral conveying shaft can be obtained. Since the volume of the fertilizer transported by the spiral conveying shaft is determined after the spiral conveying shaft rotates a certain angle, the density of the fertilizer can be obtained, that is, the weight of the fertilizer that can be delivered after the spiral conveying shaft rotates one circle. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer delivered can be adjusted by the rotation speed of the spiral conveying shaft.

[0053] According to the fertilizer application requirements input into the control system in advance and the operating speed obtained from the walking equipment, the purpose of precise variable fertilization can be achieved by adjusting the speed of the conveying drive motor.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The present embodiment provides a fertilizing device, comprising the self-measuring fertilizing mechanism with applied weight as described in Embodiment 1, wherein the self-measuring fertilizing mechanism with applied weight is connected to a walking device. In the present embodiment, the walking mechanism adopts a tractor, and the frame 1 is hung on the three-point suspension of the tractor. The input shaft of the gearbox 7 is connected to the power system of the tractor by a spline connection, and the power supply system of the tractor is connected to the control system on the side of the material box, so as to supply power to the control system, the fertilizer discharge drive motor and the conveying drive motor.

[0056] The structure of the tractor can adopt the existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-measurement type fertilization mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a material box is fixed on the frame, a conveying drive is provided on the top of the material box, an output shaft of the conveying drive is circumferentially connected with the top of the spiral conveying shaft, the spiral conveying shaft is provided with a fertilizer height detection element, the spiral stirring shaft passes through the bottom of the material box and its bottom end is rotatably connected with the bearing seat, the bearing seat is installed on the frame through a pressure detection element, the bottom end of the spiral conveying shaft extends into a fertilizer discharge cover fixed at the bottom of the material box, a fertilizer discharge wheel connected with the fertilizer discharge drive is provided at the bottom open of the fertilizer discharge cover, and a fertilizer spreading wheel connected with the fertilizer spreading drive is provided below the fertilizer discharge wheel; The fertilizer discharging wheel can discharge the fertilizer delivered by the screw conveying shaft to the fertilizer spreading wheel so as to spread the fertilizer through the fertilizer spreading wheel.

2. A self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer height detection element adopts multiple capacitive sensors arranged on the screw conveyor shaft. The capacitive sensors are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the screw conveyor shaft. The signal lines of the multiple capacitive sensors cooperate with the electric slip ring sleeved on the top of the screw conveyor shaft. The conveying drive is fixed on the support, and the support is fixed on the top of the material box.

3. A self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying drive member adopts a conveying drive motor, which is fixed on a support, and the support is fixed on a support beam arranged on the top of the material box. The output shaft of the conveying drive motor is circumferentially connected to the top end of the spiral conveying shaft through a coupling.

4. A fertilization mechanism with self-measurement of applied weight as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The screw conveying shaft includes a rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotating drive member so that the rotating shaft can rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the rotating drive member and move along its own axis. The rotating shaft is provided with spiral blades.

5. The self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the bearing seat are provided with fertilizer discharge wheels located at the bottom open of the fertilizer discharge cover, and the fertilizer discharge wheels on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the spiral conveying shaft.

6. A self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilizer spreading drive member adopts a gearbox, and the fertilizer spreading wheels under the fertilizer discharge wheels on both sides are connected to the gearbox fixed to the frame so that the fertilizer spreading wheels on both sides output synchronous rotation in opposite directions, and the gearbox is used to connect to the power system of the walking equipment.

7. The self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharge wheel comprises a wheel body, which is connected to a fertilizer discharge driving member fixed on a fertilizer discharge cover, and a wheel surface of the wheel body is provided with a plurality of baffles at equal intervals to form a plurality of fertilizer containing grooves.

8. A self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A flow guide cover for guiding fertilizer into the fertilizer containing groove of the fertilizer discharge wheel is arranged on the top of the bearing seat.

9. The self-measurement type fertilizer application mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure detection element adopts a pressure sensor arranged between the bearing seat and the frame.

10. A fertilization device, characterized in that: It comprises the self-measurement type fertilizing mechanism for application weight as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the frame is connected to a walking device.

Images