A mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanized picking method for preventing peony pods from being picked prematurely, and relates to the technical field of picking. The mechanized picking method for preventing peony pods from being picked prematurely comprises the following steps: Step 1: Orchard preparation, setting a mechanical channel according to different row and plant spacings, pruning to the crown height in autumn so that the pods are concentrated and distributed within an operable range, and simultaneously confirming the soil pH value, clearing weeds, and repairing drainage ditches to prevent water accumulation from affecting the passage of equipment; Step 2: Equipment debugging, calibrating the equipment's visual recognition system and physical sensors, and preliminarily setting the cutter height and speed based on pod hardness test data. The mechanized picking method for preventing peony pods from being picked prematurely can improve the recognition accuracy of mature pods, avoid mispickling of immature pods due to improper initial equipment settings, and simultaneously avoid excessive differences in maturity in local areas, thereby reducing repeated mechanical movement paths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of picking, in particular to a mechanized picking method for preventing peony pods from being picked prematurely. Background Art

[0002] Peony pod picking is a very important agricultural process, especially for peony growers. Peony pods usually refer to the seed pods of peonies. Special attention should be paid to the timing and method when picking. Farmers observe whether the pod skin turns yellow and whether the seeds become hard and black, and pinch the pods to determine whether they are easy to crack. This subjective judgment is easily affected by light conditions and individual differences, and the mispicking rate can reach 10%-15%. Based on this, the problem of premature picking of peony pods is effectively controlled through mechanized picking methods. Premature picking of peony pods not only affects the quality and yield of the fruit, but may also lead to economic losses. To effectively avoid this problem, the mechanized picking method needs to consider several key factors: orchard environment, fruit state, picking timing, picking accuracy and efficiency, and the adaptability of the machine. Therefore, a mechanized picking method is designed to prevent premature picking of peony pods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanized picking method for peony pods to prevent premature picking, thereby solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Prepare the orchard. Set up the machinery access according to the different row and plant spacings. Prune to the height of the tree crown in autumn so that the pods are concentrated and distributed within the workable range. At the same time, check the soil pH value, clear weeds, and repair drainage ditches to prevent water accumulation that affects the passage of equipment.

[0006] Step 2: Equipment debugging, calibrating the equipment's visual recognition system and physical sensors, and preliminarily setting the cutter height and speed based on pod hardness test data;

[0007] Step 3: Data collection: IoT devices collect real-time data on orchard temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc., and combine it with historical climate models to predict the maturity cycle;

[0008] Step 4: Fruit status monitoring: drones or vehicle-mounted cameras scan the pod color and spot-check the pod hardness and moisture content to confirm whether they meet the cutting threshold;

[0009] Step 5: Optimize the cutting system. Adjust the cutter height, angle, and speed based on monitoring data to ensure only mature pods are cut. Also, set up the coordination logic of the primary and secondary picking systems.

[0010] Step 6: Run a trial simulation, conduct trial picking in a local area, calculate the missed picking rate and damage rate, and further fine-tune the parameters;

[0011] Step 7: The collection bin is equipped with built-in buffer devices and sensors to transmit operation data in real time and to stop the machine for adjustment when necessary.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, in step one, the standard row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the plant spacing is 0.6-1.0 meters, the crown height is 0.6-0.8 meters, the soil pH value is 6.5-8.0, and a 2-meter-wide mechanical channel is reserved to ensure unobstructed equipment passage, soil pH adjustment and drainage optimization, promote plant growth synchronization, and avoid excessive differences in maturity in local areas.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the visual recognition system in step 2 includes a spectrometer and a camera, the physical sensors include pressure and humidity probes, and the cutter height is set at 0.6-0.8 meters. After calibrating the visual and physical sensors, the mispicking of immature pods due to improper initial settings of the equipment can be avoided.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, in step three, the temperature and humidity data are combined to predict the maturity cycle, and the picking plan is flexibly adjusted to adapt to different climatic conditions. For example, operations are automatically postponed when maturity is delayed due to rainy weather, and equipment is preferentially dispatched to the mature area through the maturity distribution heat map.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, in step 4, the color of the fruit pod is crab yellow skin and dark brown seeds, and the cutting threshold hardness should be ≤50N / mm². Through spectral analysis and hardness testing, the mixing of immature seeds can be reduced.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, in step five, the main cutter cooperates with the reel to gather the pods and cut off the stalks, the guide plate guides the pods to slide into the collection bin, and the auxiliary cutter rotates to cut the pods on the lower side through the blade component to reduce missed picking. At the same time, the cutting speed is dynamically adjusted according to the hardness of the pods. After the collaborative logic of the main and auxiliary systems is optimized, the missed picking rate of the pods on the lower side is reduced.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the local trial picking data in step six is ​​fed back to the control system, so that problems with the adaptation of the equipment to the orchard can be discovered in advance, thus avoiding picking failures in the entire area.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, in step seven, the change in cutter resistance is detected in real time by a pressure sensor. If the resistance suddenly increases, the shutdown protection is immediately triggered to prevent the cutter from encountering hard branches or stones and causing damage or motor overload, and an alarm is pushed to the operation terminal to reduce the risk of fault expansion. The weight or volume sensor displays the amount of pods collected in real time, and automatically reminds to clear the warehouse based on the preset threshold, reducing the number of shutdowns for cleaning.

[0019] The present invention provides a mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) This mechanized harvesting method prevents premature harvesting of peony pods. By pruning the saplings in autumn and setting up mechanical channels, the equipment can be ensured to have unobstructed access, thus reducing missed harvests or mechanical damage caused by the clutter of the plants. The soil pH value is adjusted and drainage is optimized to promote the synchronization of plant growth and avoid excessive differences in maturity in local areas. At the same time, the concentrated distribution of pods reduces the repeated movement paths of the machinery. The equipment is debugged and the recognition accuracy of mature pods is improved through the visual recognition system and physical sensors, thus avoiding the mistaken harvesting of immature pods due to improper initial settings of the equipment.

[0021] (2) The mechanized picking method of the peony pods prevents premature picking. At the same time, the maturity distribution heat map is used during the picking process to prioritize the dispatching of equipment to the mature area, improving the overall picking efficiency. Spectral analysis and hardness testing are used to improve the accuracy of mature pod screening and reduce the mixing of immature seeds.

[0022] (3) The mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods is provided with a main and auxiliary picking separation device, so that the main cutter cooperates with the reel to gather the pods and cut off the stalks, the guide plate guides the pods to slide into the collection bin, and the auxiliary cutter rotates the blade component to cut the pods on the lower side to reduce missed picking. At the same time, the cutting speed is dynamically adjusted according to the hardness of the pods to reduce the mechanical damage rate and the missed picking rate of the pods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention is a mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Prepare the orchard. Set up the machinery access according to the different row and plant spacings. Prune to the height of the tree crown in autumn so that the pods are concentrated and distributed within the workable range. At the same time, check the soil pH value, clear weeds, and repair drainage ditches to prevent water accumulation that affects the passage of equipment.

[0027] Step 2: Equipment debugging, calibrating the equipment's visual recognition system and physical sensors, and preliminarily setting the cutter height and speed based on pod hardness test data;

[0028] Step 3: Data collection: IoT devices collect real-time data on orchard temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc., and combine it with historical climate models to predict the maturity cycle;

[0029] Step 4: Fruit status monitoring: drones or vehicle-mounted cameras scan the pod color and spot-check the pod hardness and moisture content to confirm whether they meet the cutting threshold;

[0030] Step 5: Optimize the cutting system. Adjust the cutter height, angle, and speed based on monitoring data to ensure only mature pods are cut. Also, set up the coordination logic of the primary and secondary picking systems.

[0031] Step 6: Run a trial simulation, conduct trial picking in a local area, calculate the missed picking rate and damage rate, and further fine-tune the parameters;

[0032] Step 7: The collection bin is equipped with built-in buffer devices and sensors to transmit operation data (such as cutting resistance and pod collection volume) in real time, and the machine will be shut down for adjustment when necessary.

[0033] In step one, the standard row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the plant spacing is 0.6-1.0 meters, the crown height is 0.6-0.8 meters, the soil pH value is 6.5-8.0, and a 2-meter-wide mechanical channel is reserved to ensure unobstructed equipment passage, reduce missed harvests or mechanical damage caused by messy plants, adjust the soil pH value and optimize drainage to promote synchronized plant growth and avoid excessive differences in maturity in local areas. At the same time, the concentrated distribution of fruit pods reduces repeated mechanical movement paths, saving about 15%-20% of energy consumption.

[0034] In step 2, the visual recognition system includes a spectrometer and a camera. The physical sensors include pressure and humidity probes, and the cutter height is set at 0.6-0.8 meters. After calibrating the visual and physical sensors, the accuracy of mature pod recognition is increased to more than 95%. At the same time, the preset cutting parameters can avoid the mistaken picking of immature pods due to improper initial equipment settings.

[0035] In step three, the maturity cycle is predicted using temperature and humidity data, and the picking plan is flexibly adjusted to adapt to different climatic conditions. For example, operations are automatically postponed when rainy weather delays maturity. Through the maturity distribution heat map, equipment is preferentially dispatched to mature areas, increasing overall picking efficiency by 25%.

[0036] In step 4, the color of the pods is crab yellow skin and dark brown seeds. The cutting threshold hardness should be ≤50N / mm². Through spectral analysis and hardness testing, the accuracy of mature pod screening is increased by 30%, the mixing of immature seeds is reduced, and the impurity rate is ≤2%.

[0037] In step five, the main cutter cooperates with the reel to gather the pods and cut off the stalks. The guide plate guides the pods into the collection bin. The auxiliary cutter rotates the blade component to cut the pods on the lower side to reduce missed picking. At the same time, the cutting speed is dynamically adjusted according to the hardness of the pods. The mechanical damage rate is reduced from 8% to below 3%. After the collaborative logic of the main and auxiliary systems is optimized, the missed picking rate of the pods on the lower side is reduced from 10% to ≤3%.

[0038] In step six, the local trial harvest data is fed back to the control system, which helps to identify any compatibility issues between the equipment and the orchard in advance. This reduces the time required for parameter optimization by 50% and avoids harvest failures in the entire area.

[0039] In step seven, the pressure sensor detects changes in the cutter's resistance in real time. If the resistance suddenly increases, the shutdown protection is immediately triggered to prevent the cutter from encountering hard branches or stones, causing damage or motor overload. An alarm is pushed to the operation terminal, shortening the response time to within 5 seconds, reducing the risk of fault expansion. The weight or volume sensor displays the amount of pods collected in real time, and automatically reminds to clear the warehouse based on the preset threshold, reducing the number of shutdowns for cleaning and transportation, and improving operation continuity by 20%.

[0040] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Prepare the orchard. Set up the machinery access according to the different row and plant spacings. Prune to the height of the tree crown in autumn so that the pods are concentrated and distributed within the workable range. At the same time, check the soil pH value, clear weeds, and repair drainage ditches to prevent water accumulation that affects the passage of equipment. Step 2: Equipment debugging, calibrating the equipment's visual recognition system and physical sensors, and preliminarily setting the cutter height and speed based on pod hardness test data; Step 3: Data collection: IoT devices collect real-time data on temperature, humidity, and light intensity in the orchard, and combine this with historical climate models to predict the maturity cycle. Step 4: Fruit status monitoring: drones or vehicle-mounted cameras scan the pod color and spot-check the pod hardness and moisture content to confirm whether they meet the cutting threshold; Step 5: Optimize the cutting system. Adjust the cutter height, angle, and speed based on monitoring data to ensure only mature pods are cut. Also, set up the coordination logic of the primary and secondary picking systems. Step 6: Run a trial simulation, conduct trial picking in a local area, calculate the missed picking rate and damage rate, and further fine-tune the parameters; Step 7: Buffer collection: The collection bin is equipped with a built-in buffer device and sensor to transmit operation data in real time and stop the machine for adjustment when necessary; In step 1, the standard row spacing is 1.2-1.5 meters, the plant spacing is 0.6-1.0 meters, the crown height is 0.6-0.8 meters, the soil pH value is 6.5-8.0, and a 2-meter wide mechanical channel is reserved; In step 2, the visual recognition system includes a spectrometer and a camera, the physical sensor includes a pressure and humidity probe, and the cutter height is set at 0.6-0.8 meters; In step three, the temperature and humidity data are combined to predict the ripening period, and the picking plan is flexibly adjusted to adapt to different climatic conditions.

2. The mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the color of the fruit pod is crab yellow skin and dark brown seeds, and the cutting threshold hardness should be ≤50N / mm².

3. The mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step five, the main cutter cooperates with the reel to gather the pods and cut off the fruit stems, the guide plate guides the pods to slide into the collection bin, and the auxiliary cutter rotates to cut the pods on the lower side through the flinging blade component to reduce missed picking.

4. The mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods according to claim 3, characterized in that: The local trial harvest data in step six is ​​fed back to the control system to detect any compatibility issues between the equipment and the orchard in advance.

5. The mechanized picking method for preventing premature picking of peony pods according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step seven, the pressure sensor is used to detect the change in the cutter resistance in real time. If the resistance suddenly increases, the shutdown protection is immediately triggered. The weight or volume sensor displays the collected pods in real time, and automatically reminds to clear the warehouse based on the preset threshold.

Images