Fruit tree root system ecological protective cultivation technology

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological protective cultivation technology for fruit tree root systems. Specifically, the fruit tree root system ecological protective cultivation technology provided by the invention comprises the following steps: S1, digging a field planting furrow: digging the field planting furrow when an orchard is developed; s2, digging planting furrows: digging the planting furrows in the middle of the planting furrows; s3, placing planting bags: placing the planting bags in the planting furrows; s4, the upper openings of the planting bags are higher than the edges of the furrows, the planting bags are fixed and do not topple over, the planting bags are filled with nutrient soil, and the nutrient soil is higher than the openings of the planting bags; s5, leveling and bedding: backfilling soil between the two planting bags, leveling a bed surface, and enabling the bed surface to be higher than a bed ditch; s6, laying a pipeline: laying a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipe on the furrow surface; s7, mulching film covering, wherein the furrow surfaces are covered with mulching films. According to the fruit tree root system ecological protective cultivation technology, a root system ecological system is stable and controllable, construction is easy, and development of modern agriculture is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological cultivation of fruit trees, and in particular to an ecological protective cultivation technology for the root system of fruit trees. Background Art

[0002] The quality of the fruit tree root ecosystem is the most critical part of the many natural factors that affect the growth and development of fruit trees and the quality of fruit trees. The determining factor of the root ecosystem is the physical and chemical properties of the soil. At present, most fruit tree cultivation is done after the orchard is fully leveled and the soil is straightened. The roots grow in an open space in the soil. The instantaneous adverse changes in the soil environment (temperature, moisture, microorganisms, plants, pests and diseases, and artificial pollution sources such as herbicides) often cause poor growth of fruit trees and reduced product quality. Therefore, in an open soil space, the fruit tree root ecosystem is uncontrolled. How to establish a controllable and benign root ecosystem is the primary task in fruit tree production. At present, root ecological protection cultivation is only used in a small amount on grapes. The method is to fill the cultivation bag with nutrient soil and then plant the grape plants. It is called "root-limited cultivation technology." Although it can achieve the purpose of root ecological protection, it requires strict fertilizer and water control, good infrastructure, high cost, and is difficult to apply on a large scale due to site restrictions.

[0003] Therefore, the art needs to develop a fruit tree root ecological protection cultivation technology to establish a closed, artificially regulated and controlled soil environment to create a stable, harmless and excellent ecosystem required for the growth and development of fruit tree roots. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit tree root ecological protection cultivation technology, establish a closed soil environment that can be artificially adjusted and controlled, and create a stable, harmless and excellent ecological system required for the growth and cultivation of fruit tree roots.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a technology for ecologically protective cultivation of fruit tree roots, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Digging planting beds: When developing an orchard, dig planting beds;

[0008] S2. Digging planting trenches: digging planting trenches in the middle of the planting beds;

[0009] S3, placing in planting bag: placing planting bag in planting ditch;

[0010] S4. The top of the planting bag is higher than the edge of the furrow. The planting bag is fixed to prevent it from falling over. The planting bag is filled with nutrient soil, which is higher than the top of the planting bag.

[0011] S5. Leveling and making beds: backfill soil between two planting bags, level the bed surface, and make it higher than the bed ditch;

[0012] S6. Auxiliary pipelines: Auxiliary water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface;

[0013] S7. Covering with ground film: Cover the ground film on the bed surface.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the width of the planting bed is 400-600 cm, preferably 450-550 cm, preferably 480-520 cm, and optimally 500 cm.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the depth of the planting trench is 40-80 cm, preferably 50-70 cm, preferably 55-65 cm, and optimally 60 cm.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the width of the planting trench is 100-300 cm, preferably 150-250 cm, preferably 180-220 cm, and optimally 200 cm.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the planting bag comprises a polyethylene planting bag.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the width of the planting bag is 80-120 cm, preferably 90-110 cm, preferably 95-105 cm, and most preferably 100 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the length of the planting bag is 100-300 cm, preferably 150-250 cm, preferably 180-220 cm, and optimally 200 cm.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the height of the planting bag is 60-100 cm, preferably 70-90 cm, preferably 75-85 cm, and optimally 80 cm.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the spacing between the planting bags is 80-120 cm, preferably 90-110 cm, preferably 95-105 cm, and optimally 100 cm.

[0022] Preferably, in step S4, the upper opening of the planting bag is 10-30 cm higher than the edge of the furrow, preferably 15-25 cm, preferably 18-22 cm, and optimally 20 cm.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, the nutrient soil is higher than the opening of the planting bag, and is high in the middle and low on the sides.

[0024] Preferably, in step S5, the bed surface is 10-30 cm higher than the bed furrow, preferably 15-25 cm, preferably 18-22 cm, and most preferably 20 cm higher.

[0025] Preferably, in step S6, a water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipe is installed on the bed surface, one on each side.

[0026] Preferably, in step S6, water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface, one on each side, and the two drip irrigation pipes are 40-80 cm apart, preferably 50-70 cm, preferably 55-65 cm, and optimally 60 cm apart.

[0027] Preferably, in step S7, the ground film is a ground film with 2-10 threads (preferably 4-8 threads, preferably 5-7 threads, and most preferably 6 threads).

[0028] Preferably, in step S7, the width of the ground film is 200-300 cm, preferably 230-270 cm, preferably 240-260 cm, and optimally 250 cm.

[0029] Preferably, in step S7, both sides of the ground film cover beyond the planting bag.

[0030] Preferably, in step S7, both sides of the ground film cover 20-30 cm beyond the planting bag, preferably 23-27 cm, preferably 24-26 cm, and optimally 25 cm.

[0031] Preferably, after step S7, the planting trench forms a closed soil environment.

[0032] Preferably, after step S7, the planting trench forms a closed soil environment similar to a large planting bag.

[0033] Preferably, the technique comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1. Digging planting beds: When developing the orchard, dig a planting bed with a width of 500 cm;

[0035] S2. Digging planting trenches: dig a planting trench 60 cm deep and 200 cm wide in the middle of the planting bed;

[0036] S3. Place planting bags: Place polyethylene planting bags with a width of 100 cm, a length of 200 cm, and a height of 80 cm in the planting ditch, with the planting bags spaced 100 cm apart;

[0037] S4. The top of the planting bag should be 20cm higher than the edge of the furrow. Fix the planting bag and do not let it fall over. Fill the planting bag with nutrient soil. The nutrient soil should be higher than the opening of the planting bag, forming a shape with high in the middle and low on the sides.

[0038] S5. Leveling the bed: backfill the soil between the two planting bags, level the bed surface, and make it 20cm higher than the bed ditch;

[0039] S6. Auxiliary pipelines: Auxiliary water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface, one on each side, and the distance between the two drip irrigation pipes is 60cm;

[0040] S7. Covering with ground film: Cover the surface of the bed with 6-filament ground film, the width of the film is 250cm, and the two sides are covered 25cm beyond the planting bag.

[0041] The second aspect of the present invention provides a closed soil environment, which is obtained by the technology of ecological protective cultivation of fruit tree roots as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0042] Preferably, after step S7, the planting ditch forms a closed soil environment.

[0043] Preferably, after step S7, the planting trench forms a closed soil environment similar to a large planting bag.

[0044] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0045] 1. The soil in the planting bag of the present invention is fertile, the temperature is stable, and the moisture can be artificially controlled, which is suitable for planting various fruit trees. The root ecosystem is stable and controllable: (1) There is no soil pollution: the soil environment is closed, not affected by external agricultural residues and herbicides, and can produce green fruits; (2) The fruit is of high quality: the soil moisture and fertilizer in the planting ditch can be adjusted by the water-fertilizer integrated system. It is not affected by external rain and drought, which determines that the fruit trees grow well, the quality is stable and high, and the root growth space is large, the water and fertilizer conditions are better and more stable, the fertilizer utilization rate is high, and the fertilizer will not be washed away. It saves water and has a high water utilization rate. Good ecological environment: dwarf economic crops can be interplanted between ridges and plants, which can produce good economic benefits, and can provide a large amount of organic matter for the orchard, while improving the orchard ecology. It is not limited by the site and can be promoted and applied on a large scale.

[0046] 2. The soil state of the fruit tree roots can be adjusted according to the moisture content. The moisture can be adjusted according to the different varieties of fruit trees and different seasons, and the reasonable field water holding capacity can be controlled. In the mature season, it can be appropriately dry, which is conducive to the ripening and coloring of fruits, and the sugar content is increased by more than 2 degrees, the selling price is high, and the economic benefits are increased by more than 50% compared with conventional planting.

[0047] 3. Low cost and easy construction. The cost per mu does not exceed 2,000 yuan, and the management cost is low. First, there is no need for artificial topdressing to achieve water-fertilizer integration. Second, there is no need for weeding, and a large number of intercrops can be planted between the ridges without competing with the main fruit trees for water and fertilizer.

[0048] 4. The later management is simple and easy, and there is no need to weed. It is conducive to the operation of tillage machinery and transportation machinery, reducing the intensity of manual labor and improving labor efficiency. Among them, it is conducive to mechanical tillage: first, the width of the ridge is 300cm, 150cm on each side, which can be used for tillers, rotary tillers, etc. Second, there is a 150cm wide machine tillage road between the ridges, which can be used for small transporters, etc. The transporter can reach under each tree, saving labor and efficiency.

[0049] 5. There is a 1m x 2m soil space and a mechanical tillage path between each planting bag, which can be used to plant sweet potatoes, potatoes, soybeans and other food crops, increasing the planting area by about 240 square meters per mu, increasing the sweet potato yield by more than 1,000 kg per mu, and increasing the income by more than 2,000 yuan. The other mechanical tillage path can be used to fully plant green manure and forage grass to improve the soil and ecology. Because of the partition of the planting bag, the fruit trees and interplanted crops will not compete for water and fertilizer, nor will it affect their respective agronomic management.

[0050] 6. It is conducive to the development of modern agriculture, overcoming the difficulties of aging agricultural personnel and making full use of land resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transformation technology disclosed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Cooperate Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a fruit tree root ecological protection cultivation technology, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1. Digging planting beds: When developing an orchard, dig planting beds with a width of 500 cm.

[0056] S2. Dig planting trenches: Dig a planting trench 60cm deep and 200cm wide in the middle of the planting bed.

[0057] S3. Place planting bags: Place polyethylene planting bags with a width of 100 cm, a length of 200 cm, and a height of 80 cm in the planting trench, with the planting bags spaced 100 cm apart.

[0058] S4. The top of the planting bag should be 20cm higher than the edge of the ditch. Fix the planting bag firmly to prevent it from falling over. Fill the planting bag with nutrient soil, which should be higher than the opening of the planting bag, with the bag being high in the middle and low on the sides.

[0059] S5. Leveling the bed: backfill the soil between the two planting bags, level the bed surface, and make it 20cm higher than the bed ditch.

[0060] S6. Auxiliary pipelines: Install integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation pipes on the bed surface, one on each side, and the distance between the two drip irrigation pipes is 60cm.

[0061] S7. Covering with mulch film: Cover the ridge with 6-filament mulch film, with a width of 250cm and both sides covering 25cm beyond the planting bag. In this way, the planting ditch forms a closed soil environment similar to a large planting bag.

[0062] With respect to Example 1, sweet potatoes were interplanted on a 1-acre terraced orchard where the fruit tree root systems were ecologically protected, and the benefits over the past three years were statistically analyzed (as shown in Table 1).

[0063] Table 1 Output and income in three years

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example 1 removes the step of "step S3, placing planting bags: placing polyethylene planting bags with a width of 100 cm, a length of 200 cm, and a height of 80 cm in the planting trench, with the planting bags spaced 100 cm apart". Other method steps are the same.

[0068] For comparative example 1, the benefits of the past three years were statistically analyzed on a 1-acre terraced orchard where ecological protection of the fruit tree root systems was cultivated (as shown in Table 2).

[0069] Table 2 Output and income over three years

[0070]

[0071] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 cannot be intercropped with sweet potatoes, and the economic benefits are significantly reduced. At the same time, the quality of tangerines and pomeloes is significantly reduced, the price is reduced, the per mu income of tangerines and pomeloes is reduced, and the overall benefit is reduced by 4,000 yuan.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] Compared with Example 1, the planting bag in step S3 of this comparative example 2 is a polyethylene planting bag with a width of 50 cm, a length of 100 cm, and a height of 80 cm.

[0074] For comparative example 2, the benefits of the terraced orchard with an area of ​​1 mu of fruit tree root ecological protection cultivation in the past three years were statistically analyzed (as shown in Table 3):

[0075] Table 3 Output and income over three years

[0076]

[0077] Compared with Example 1, the yield and benefit of tangerine and pomelo in Comparative Example 2 were greatly reduced.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] Compared with Example 1, the content of step S4 is modified as follows: the upper opening of the planting bag is 10 cm lower than the edge of the furrow, the four corners of the planting bag are fixed with soil blocks or bamboo sticks to prevent it from tipping over and shifting, and the planting bag is filled with nutrient soil, which is higher than the opening of the planting bag, showing a shape of high in the middle and low on the sides.

[0080] For comparative example 3, in a terraced orchard with 1 mu of fruit tree root ecological protection cultivation, statistics for the past three years are as shown in Table 4:

[0081] Table 4 Output and income over three years

[0082]

[0083] Compared with Example 1, the yield and benefit of Comparative Example 3 were greatly reduced.

[0084] Comparative Example 4

[0085] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example 4 removes the step of "S6, auxiliary pipeline: auxiliary water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface, one on each side, and the two drip irrigation pipes are 60 cm apart.", and the other method steps are the same.

[0086] For comparative example 4, the benefits of the past three years were statistically analyzed on a 1-acre terraced orchard where fruit trees were cultivated in an ecologically protective manner with their root systems (as shown in Table 5).

[0087] Table 5 Output and income over three years

[0088]

[0089] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, the yield and benefit of tangerine pomelo and sweet potato decreased significantly.

[0090] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree roots, characterized in that: The described technique comprises the following steps: S1. Digging planting beds: When developing an orchard, dig planting beds; S2. Digging planting trenches: digging planting trenches in the middle of the planting beds; S3, placing in planting bag: placing planting bag in planting ditch; S4. The top of the planting bag is higher than the edge of the furrow. The planting bag is fixed to prevent it from falling over. The planting bag is filled with nutrient soil, which is higher than the top of the planting bag. S5. Leveling and making beds: backfill soil between two planting bags, level the bed surface, and make it higher than the bed ditch; S6. Auxiliary pipelines: Auxiliary water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface; S7. Covering with ground film: Cover the ground film on the bed surface.

2. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the width of the planting bed is 400-600 cm, preferably 450-550 cm, preferably 480-520 cm, and most preferably 500 cm.

3. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree roots as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the depth of the planting trench is 40-80 cm, preferably 50-70 cm, preferably 55-65 cm, and optimally 60 cm; In the step S2, the width of the planting trench is 100-300 cm, preferably 150-250 cm, preferably 180-220 cm, and most preferably 200 cm.

4. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the planting bag comprises a polyethylene planting bag; In step S3, the width of the planting bag is 80-120 cm, preferably 90-110 cm, preferably 95-105 cm, and most preferably 100 cm; In step S3, the length of the planting bag is 100-300 cm, preferably 150-250 cm, preferably 180-220 cm, and most preferably 200 cm; In step S3, the height of the planting bag is 60-100 cm, preferably 70-90 cm, preferably 75-85 cm, and optimally 80 cm; In step S3, the spacing of the planting bags is 80-120 cm, preferably 90-110 cm, preferably 95-105 cm, and most preferably 100 cm.

5. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, the upper opening of the planting bag is 10-30 cm higher than the edge of the furrow, preferably 15-25 cm, preferably 18-22 cm, and most preferably 20 cm; In the step S4, the nutrient soil is higher than the opening of the planting bag, and is high in the middle and low on the sides.

6. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the bed surface is 10-30 cm higher than the bed furrow, preferably 15-25 cm, preferably 18-22 cm, and most preferably 20 cm.

7. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S6, a water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipe is installed on the bed surface, one on each side; In the step S6, a water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipe is installed on the bed surface, one on each side, and the two drip irrigation pipes are 40-80 cm apart, preferably 50-70 cm, preferably 55-65 cm, and optimally 60 cm apart.

8. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S7, the ground film is a ground film with 2-10 threads (preferably 4-8 threads, preferably 5-7 threads, and most preferably 6 threads); In the step S7, the width of the ground film is 200-300 cm, preferably 230-270 cm, preferably 240-260 cm, and most preferably 250 cm; In the step S7, the two sides of the ground film are covered beyond the planting bag; In step S7, the two sides of the ground film are covered beyond the planting bag by 20-30 cm, preferably 23-27 cm, more preferably 24-26 cm, and most preferably 25 cm.

9. The technology for ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree root systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The technology comprises the following steps: S1. Digging planting beds: When developing the orchard, dig a planting bed with a width of 500 cm; S2. Digging planting trenches: dig a planting trench 60 cm deep and 200 cm wide in the middle of the planting bed; S3. Place planting bags: Place polyethylene planting bags with a width of 100 cm, a length of 200 cm, and a height of 80 cm in the planting ditch, with the planting bags spaced 100 cm apart; S4. The top of the planting bag should be 20cm higher than the edge of the furrow. Fix the planting bag and do not let it fall over. Fill the planting bag with nutrient soil. The nutrient soil should be higher than the opening of the planting bag, forming a shape with high in the middle and low on the sides. S5. Leveling the bed: backfill the soil between the two planting bags, level the bed surface, and make it 20cm higher than the bed ditch; S6. Auxiliary pipelines: Auxiliary water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipes are installed on the bed surface, one on each side, and the distance between the two drip irrigation pipes is 60cm; S7. Covering with ground film: Cover the surface of the bed with 6-filament ground film, the width of the film is 250cm, and the two sides are covered 25cm beyond the planting bag.

10. A closed soil environment, characterized in that: The closed soil environment is obtained by the technology of ecological protection cultivation of fruit tree roots as described in claim 1.

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