A device and method for observing the structure and diversity of a wetland bird community

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wetland bird community structure and diversity observation device and method, comprising: installation pillar, for installation in wet area;Bird luring mechanism is located on installation pillar;Collecting mechanism is located on bird luring mechanism and is wirelessly connected with external monitoring terminal, for collecting the bird image data and bird sound data on wet area and bird luring mechanism, and the bird image data and bird sound data are sent to external monitoring terminal for processing analysis.The bird image data and bird sound data on wet area can be collected by the collecting mechanism, and at the same time, the birds in the wet area can be attracted by the bird luring mechanism, improving the quality of the bird image data and bird sound data collected by the collecting mechanism, and reducing the difficulty of subsequent data analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wetland bird observation technology, specifically to a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities. Background Technology

[0002] Wetland birds are an important part of the natural ecosystem and the most active component of the biological community. They play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of ecosystem functions and biodiversity. Therefore, observing wetland birds can help us understand the structure and diversity of bird communities and contribute to the maintenance of the ecological environment.

[0003] Currently, the observation of wetland birds usually involves installing equipment to collect bird images within the wetland. The collected bird images are then analyzed to obtain data such as bird community structure and diversity. However, this method has the following drawbacks:

[0004] Because wetland birds typically have wide ranges, it is difficult to ensure that equipment can accurately capture clear images of the birds. The bird images acquired by such equipment are generally blurry, distorted, or lack important details, increasing the difficulty of subsequent data analysis. Therefore, we propose a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, comprising:

[0008] Mounting supports are used for installation in wetland areas;

[0009] Bird-attracting mechanism, mounted on the support pillar;

[0010] A data collection mechanism, mounted on the bird-attracting mechanism and wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal, is used to collect image and sound data of birds in the wetland area and on the bird-attracting mechanism, and to send the bird image and sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis; wherein, the bird-attracting mechanism includes:

[0011] The outer casing, connecting mounting supports, and data acquisition mechanism;

[0012] Two sets of bird perches are symmetrically and movable on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell, providing a place for birds to perch;

[0013] The drive unit, located inside the outer shell, is used to drive the two sets of bird perches to move horizontally in opposite directions.

[0014] The bird feeder is located inside the outer shell and is used to feed the bird perch to attract birds when the bird perch is inside the outer shell.

[0015] A further improvement is that the data acquisition mechanism includes:

[0016] The mounting frame is mounted on the outer shell, and both sides of the mounting frame are equipped with image acquisition devices for collecting bird image data via a gimbal.

[0017] Recording equipment, mounted on a frame, is used to collect bird sound data;

[0018] Both photovoltaic equipment and electrical equipment are located on the side wall of the outer casing. The electrical equipment is connected to the drive unit, image acquisition equipment, recording equipment, pan-tilt unit, photovoltaic equipment and external monitoring terminal. The electrical equipment includes a wireless communicator, controller and battery.

[0019] The protective top mount is located on the outer casing and above the image acquisition device.

[0020] A further improvement is that the drive unit includes:

[0021] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws are symmetrically rotated at both ends of the inner cavity of the outer shell, and the two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are respectively threaded through the sliding seats in the two sets of bird perches;

[0022] The inner shell is fixed inside the outer shell and movably sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws;

[0023] The rotating device is located inside the inner shell, and the output end of the rotating device and the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are connected to the outer wall of the inner shell for transmission, which is used to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

[0024] A further improvement is that the drive unit includes:

[0025] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws are symmetrically rotated at both ends of the inner cavity of the outer shell, and the two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are respectively threaded through the sliding seats in the two sets of bird perches;

[0026] The inner shell is fixed inside the outer shell and movably sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws;

[0027] The rotating device is located inside the inner shell, and the output end of the rotating device and the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are connected to the outer wall of the inner shell for transmission, which is used to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

[0028] A further improvement is that the telescopic perch includes:

[0029] A sleeve has one end connected to the outside of a sliding seat and the other end movably inserted with a movable rod. The movable rod is located inside the sleeve and has a piston that matches the inner diameter of the sleeve. The piston is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve through an elastic element.

[0030] An airbag component is located outside the sliding seat and below the sleeve. The airbag component is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve through a pipeline. When the airbag component moves outward with the sliding seat and squeezes the inner wall of the outer shell, the gas in the airbag component enters the sleeve through the pipeline, driving the piston to move the movable rod outward to a preset position.

[0031] The reset elastic structure connects the airbag component and the sliding seat, and is used to drive the airbag component to reset and draw back the gas in the sleeve when the airbag component is separated from the inner wall of the outer shell, so that the movable rod is reset.

[0032] The sleeve is provided with a cleaning ring at one end facing the movable rod and at one end of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod. The cleaning ring is used to clean the outer wall of the movable rod or the movable section of the follower telescopic rod. The outer ends of both sides of the inner cavity of the outer shell are provided with mounting plates. The mounting plates are movably sleeved on the outside of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws. The mounting plates have openings for the follower telescopic rod and the sleeve to pass through. The inner wall of the openings is provided with a cleaning ring. The cleaning ring is used to clean the outer wall of the fixed section of the sleeve or the follower telescopic rod. The inner diameter of the cleaning ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cleaning ring, the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod.

[0033] A further improvement is that the bird feed inlet includes:

[0034] A storage shell is located inside the outer shell cavity, and discharge ends are provided on both sides of the storage shell;

[0035] The quantitative discharge section is located at the discharge end away from the storage shell and is used to supply an equal amount of bait into the bait placement seat.

[0036] A further improvement is that the quantitative discharge section includes:

[0037] A guide seat is located inside the outer casing, and the upper and lower ends of the guide seat are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. The feed inlet of the guide seat is connected to the discharge end, and its discharge outlet is used to correspond to the bait placement seat.

[0038] A rotating column is rotatably mounted inside a guide seat. A material groove for communicating with a feed inlet or a discharge outlet is opened on its outer circumference. One end of the shaft of the rotating column passes through one side of the guide seat and is connected to a follower gear through gear transmission. The follower gear is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the guide seat.

[0039] A rack is horizontally mounted on the bait placement seat. When the bait placement seat enters the preset position of the outer shell, it drives the rotating column to rotate by a preset angle through the follower gear and gear, so that the feed trough corresponding to the feed inlet rotates with the rotating column to correspond to the feed outlet.

[0040] A further improvement is that a rotating column is rotatably provided at the top of the inner shell. The rotating column and the output end of the rotating device are connected by a gear set. A magnetic block is embedded in the outer circumference of the rotating column. A magnetic roller slides against the outer circumference of the rotating column. The magnetic roller is rotatably located at one end of the movable rod. The movable rod is vertically movably inserted into the support frame. The support frame is fixed at the top of the inner shell. The other end of the movable rod is located below the storage shell and is connected to a movable plate. The upper end of the movable plate is provided with several sets of contact posts for contacting the bottom of the storage shell. The outer wall of the movable rod is fitted with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod to return to its original position when the magnetic block and the magnetic roller are misaligned. When the movable rod returns to its original position, it contacts the storage shell through the contact posts, causing the storage shell to vibrate.

[0041] A further improvement is that the top of the mounting plate is provided with a detection sensor electrically connected to the electrical equipment. When the detection sensor contacts the sliding seat, it causes the electrical equipment to control the sound generator and control the pan-tilt unit so that the image acquisition device is oriented toward the bird perch. The sound generator is located on the outer wall of the storage shell and is used to emit a sound to attract birds.

[0042] A method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, utilizing the aforementioned observation device, includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: Install the observation device at a designated location within the wetland area using a support pillar, and collect bird image data and bird sound data from the wetland area using a data acquisition mechanism;

[0044] S2: The bird feeder feeds the bird perches to attract birds. The drive unit drives the two sets of bird perches to extend their shells, attracting birds to perch on the bird perches and eat the feed. At the same time, the collection mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data from the bird attracting mechanism.

[0045] S3: The bird image data and bird sound data collected by the data collection agency are sent to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis to obtain wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] This invention can collect bird image data and bird sound data in wetland areas through a collection mechanism, and at the same time, it can lure birds in wetland areas through a bird-attracting mechanism, thereby improving the quality of bird image data and bird sound data collected by the collection mechanism and reducing the difficulty of subsequent data analysis.

[0048] The bird-attracting mechanism of the present invention provides birds with a perch for them to roost in. The bird feeder automatically feeds an equal amount of feed into the feed holder in the perch when the perch enters the shell. This is convenient to use and reduces feed waste. Furthermore, the perch can be moved in and out of the shell by the drive unit. When the perch enters the shell, it can drive away the perched birds, which can effectively protect the perch and facilitate the next observation.

[0049] The invention also causes the storage shell to vibrate when the drive unit is working, which facilitates the bait in the storage shell to enter the quantitative discharge section through the discharge end, preventing the bait from accumulating or clumping in the storage shell. This ensures that the bait in the storage shell can be discharged more smoothly, improves the bait discharge efficiency, and also guarantees the accuracy of each discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the observation device structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Structural side view;

[0052] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Sectional view of the AA structure in the image;

[0053] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of structure A in the image;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a local structure in the image;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating column structure of the present invention.

[0057] In the diagram: 1. Mounting support; 2. Outer shell; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Pan-tilt unit; 5. Image acquisition device; 6. Recording device; 7. Protective top seat; 8. Photovoltaic equipment; 9. Electrical equipment; 10. Bidirectional lead screw; 11. Inner shell; 12. Rotating device; 13. Sliding seat; 14. Sealing plate; 15. Sleeve; 16. Movable rod one; 17. Elastic component; 18. Airbag component; 19. Follow-up telescopic rod; 20. Bait placement seat; 21. Storage shell; 22. Guide seat; 23. Rotating column; 24. Feed trough; 25. Follow-up gear; 26. Rack; 27. Reset elastic structure; 28. Cleaning ring one; 29. ​​Mounting plate; 30. Cleaning ring two; 31. Detection sensor; 32. Sound generator; 33. Bearing frame; 34. Rotating column; 35. Gear set; 36. Magnetic block; 37. Magnetic roller; 38. Movable plate. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Please see Figures 1-3 A wetland bird community structure and diversity observation device, comprising:

[0060] Mounting support 1 is used for installation in wetland areas;

[0061] The bird-attracting mechanism is mounted on mounting support 1;

[0062] The data collection unit, located on the bird-attracting mechanism and wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal, is used to collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area and on the bird-attracting mechanism, and sends the bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis.

[0063] The external monitoring terminal has an analysis module, which analyzes and processes the collected bird image and sound data to obtain wetland bird community structure and diversity data. For example, the analysis module compares bird image data and bird sound data with the corresponding information of known species in the database to determine bird species, count and identify the number of different birds, and obtain the species composition and population distribution of birds in the wetland. Furthermore, the diversity level of birds in the wetland can be assessed by using biodiversity indices (such as the Shannon-Wiener index and the Simpson index).

[0064] Bird-attracting organizations include:

[0065] The outer shell 2 is connected to the installation support 1 and the collection mechanism;

[0066] Two groups of bird perches are symmetrically and movably arranged on both sides of the inner cavity of the outer shell 2 for birds to perch;

[0067] The driving part is arranged inside the outer shell 2 and is used to drive the two groups of bird perches to horizontally move in opposite directions. For example, the two groups of bird perches approach each other and enter the outer shell 2 or move away from each other and extend out of the outer shell 2;

[0068] The bird bait supply part is arranged inside the outer shell 2 and is used to supply bait for attracting birds to the bird perches when the bird perches enter the outer shell 2;

[0069] By moving the two groups of bird perches away from each other and extending out of the outer shell 2, the bait on the bird perches can attract birds to perch on the bird perches. The collection mechanism can collect the bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism. At this time, the collected bird image data and bird sound data are clearer and more accurate, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of data collection and the quality of subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0070] Preferably, the collection mechanism of this embodiment includes:

[0071] The mounting rack 3 is arranged on the outer shell 2. Image acquisition devices 5 for collecting bird image data are arranged on both sides of the mounting rack 3 through pan-tilt heads 4. The pan-tilt heads 4 are conventional devices in the art and can be used to adjust the angles of the image acquisition devices 5. The image acquisition devices 5 are, for example, cameras, etc.;

[0072] The recording device 6 is arranged on the mounting rack 3 and is used to collect bird sound data. For example, the recording device 6 is the SongMeter SM4 bird sound recorder, but it is not limited to this one;

[0073] The photovoltaic device 8 and the electrical equipment 9 are both arranged on the side wall of the outer shell 2. The electrical equipment 9 is connected to the driving part, the image acquisition device 5, the recording device 6, the pan-tilt head 4, the photovoltaic device 8 and the external monitoring terminal. The electrical equipment 9 includes a wireless communicator, a controller and a storage battery.

[0074] The photovoltaic device 8 is a photovoltaic panel, which provides power for the electrical appliances of this device through the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery, enabling the device to be stably used in wetland areas;

[0075] The wireless communicator realizes the remote communication between the electrical appliances of this device and the external monitoring terminal, facilitating the remote control of the opening and closing of the electrical appliances of this device by the external monitoring terminal. And the wireless communicator can also send the collected bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal;

[0076] The protective top mount 7 is located on the outer casing 2 and above the image acquisition device 5, serving to protect the electrical components of the image acquisition device 5.

[0077] Please see Figures 4-5

[0078] Preferably, the bird perch in this embodiment includes:

[0079] The sliding seat 13 is connected to the drive unit for transmission.

[0080] The telescopic perch is connected at one end to the outside of the sliding seat 13 and at the other end to the sealing plate 14. The telescopic perch is for birds to perch on. The sealing plate 14 is movably located in the opening on the side wall of the outer shell 2. The sealing plate 14 is used to close the opening to prevent birds from entering the outer shell 2.

[0081] Several sets of follower telescopic rods 19 are disposed between the sliding seat 13 and the sealing plate 14. Each follower telescopic rod 19 includes a fixed section and a movable section that is movably inserted into one end of the fixed section.

[0082] The bait holder 20 is located inside the sealing plate 14 and above the telescopic perch, and is used to receive the bait supplied by the bird bait inlet.

[0083] Please see Figures 6-7

[0084] Preferably, the driving unit in this embodiment includes:

[0085] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 are symmetrically rotated at both ends of the inner cavity of the outer shell 2 via bearings. The two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 are threaded through the sliding seats 13 in the two sets of bird perches. When the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 rotate synchronously, they can drive the two sets of sliding seats 13 to move closer to each other or further away from each other.

[0086] The inner shell 11 is fixed inside the outer shell 2 and movably sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10, such as... Figure 3 As shown, when the sliding seat 13 contacts the side wall of the inner shell 11, the sealing plate 14 is inside the opening;

[0087] The rotating device 12 is located inside the inner shell 11, and the output end of the rotating device 12 and the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 are connected to the outer wall of the inner shell 11 for transmission. It is used to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The rotating device 12 is a servo motor and a reducer. The rotating device 12 and the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 can be connected by a sprocket transmission group (including sprockets and chains). The rotating device 12 drives the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 to drive the two sets of sliding seats 13. The two sets of sliding seats 13 can drive the telescopic perching rod, the follower telescopic rod 19 and the sealing plate 14 to extend out of the outer shell 2 or enter the outer shell 2.

[0088] Preferably, the telescopic perch in this embodiment includes:

[0089] The sleeve 15 has one end connected to the outside of the sliding seat 13, and the other end is movably inserted with a movable rod 16. The movable rod 16 is located inside the sleeve 15 and has a piston that matches the inner diameter of the sleeve 15. The piston is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 15 through an elastic element 17, which is a spring.

[0090] The airbag component 18 is located outside the sliding seat 13 and below the sleeve 15. The airbag component 18 includes, for example, two sets of mounting plates 29 and a rubber airbag between the two sets of mounting plates 29. One of the mounting plates 29 is connected to the outside of the sliding seat 13. The airbag component 18 is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 15 through a pipe. When the airbag component 18 moves outward with the sliding seat 13 and squeezes the inner wall of the outer shell 2, the gas in the airbag component 18 enters the sleeve 15 through the pipe and drives the piston to move the movable rod 16 outward to a preset position. When the telescopic perching rod is extended, the follower telescopic rod 19 is extended accordingly.

[0091] The reset elastic structure 27 connects the airbag component 18 and the sliding seat 13. It is used to drive the airbag component 18 to reset and draw back the gas in the sleeve 15 when the airbag component 18 is separated from the inner wall of the outer shell 2, so that the movable rod 16 is reset. The reset elastic structure 27 can be an elastic telescopic rod. When the bird perch moves into the outer shell 2, the reset elastic structure 27 causes the airbag component 18 to reset and draw back the air, and then the movable rod 16 is reset under the action of the elastic component 17.

[0092] Cleaning rings 28 are provided at the end of sleeve 15 facing the movable rod 16 and at the fixed end of the follower telescopic rod 19. The cleaning rings 28 are used to clean the outer walls of the movable sections of the movable rod 16 or the follower telescopic rod 19. The cleaning rings 28 are sponge cleaning rings; as the movable rod 16 and the follower telescopic rod 19 move, the cleaning rings 28 rub against each other, removing impurities, particles, and bird droppings remaining on the outer walls of the movable sections of the movable rod 16 and the follower telescopic rod 19. This prevents jamming between the movable rod 16 and sleeve 15, and between the movable and fixed sections of the follower telescopic rod 19. Mounting plates 29 are provided at the outer ends of both sides of the inner cavity of the outer shell 2. The mounting plates 29 are movably fitted... On the outer side of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10, and on the mounting plate 29, there is an opening for the follower telescopic rod 19 and the sleeve 15 to pass through. The inner wall of the opening is provided with a second cleaning ring 30. The second cleaning ring 30 is a sponge cleaning ring. The second cleaning ring 30 is used to clean the outer wall of the fixed section of the sleeve 15 or the follower telescopic rod 19. When the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod 19 and the sleeve 15 move with the sliding seat 13, they are cleaned by the second cleaning ring 30. The inner diameter of the second cleaning ring 30 is larger than the outer diameter of the first cleaning ring 28, the outer diameter of the sleeve 15 and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod 19. The outer diameters of the fixed sections of the sleeve 15 and the follower telescopic rod 19 are the same. The outer diameters of the first movable rod 16 and the movable section of the follower telescopic rod 19 are the same.

[0093] Preferably, the bird feeder in this embodiment includes:

[0094] The storage shell 21 is located inside the outer shell 2. Both sides of the storage shell 21 are provided with discharge ends. Bird food is stored inside. One side of the outer shell 2 has a shell cover. Bird food can be added to the storage shell 21 by opening the shell cover.

[0095] The quantitative dispensing section is located at the end of the dispensing end away from the storage shell 21. It is used to feed an equal amount of bait into the bait placement seat 20. The quantitative dispensing section automatically feeds an equal amount of bait, which is convenient to use and reduces the waste of bait.

[0096] Preferably, the quantitative discharge section of this embodiment includes:

[0097] The guide seat 22 is mounted inside the outer shell 2 by a bracket. It has a circular vertical cross section and an inlet and an outlet are respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the guide seat 22. The inlet and outlet of the guide seat 22 are connected, and its outlet is used to correspond to the bait placement seat 20.

[0098] A rotating column 23 is rotatably disposed inside a guide seat 22. A material groove 24 for communicating with a feed inlet or a discharge outlet is opened on its outer circumference. One end of the shaft of the rotating column 23 passes through one side of the guide seat 22 and is connected to a follower gear 25 through gear transmission. The follower gear 25 is rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the guide seat 22 through a bearing. The number of teeth of the follower gear 25 is greater than the number of teeth of the gear, thus changing the rotation angle of the gear.

[0099] The rack 26 is horizontally mounted on the bait placement seat 20. When the bait placement seat 20 enters the preset position of the outer shell 2, it drives the rotating column 23 to rotate by a preset angle through the follower gear 25 and the gear, so that the feed trough 24 corresponding to the feed inlet rotates with the rotating column 23 to correspond to the feed outlet. When the bait placement seat 20 moves out of the outer shell 2, it drives the follower gear 25 and the gear to drive the rotating column 23 to reverse and reset through the rack 26, so that the feed trough 24 corresponding to the feed outlet rotates with the rotating column 23 to correspond to the feed inlet and pick up the bait.

[0100] Preferably, in this embodiment, a rotating column 34 is rotatably provided on the top of the inner shell 11. The rotating column 34 and the output end of the rotating device 12 are connected by a gear set 35, which consists of two sets of meshing gears. A magnetic block 36 is embedded in the outer circumference of the rotating column 34, and a magnetic roller 37 slides against the outer circumference of the rotating column 34. The magnetic poles of the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are opposite. When the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are directly aligned, the magnetic block 36 attracts the magnetic roller 37. The magnetic roller 37 is rotatably mounted on one end of the movable rod 2, which is vertically inserted into the support frame 33. 33 is fixed to the top of the inner shell 11. The other end of the movable rod is located below the storage shell 21 and connected to the movable plate 38. The upper end of the movable plate 38 is provided with several sets of contact posts for contacting the bottom of the storage shell 21. The outer wall of the movable rod is fitted with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod to reset upward when the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are misaligned. The elastic structure is a spring. One end of the elastic structure is connected to the support frame 33, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the movable rod. When the movable rod resets upward, it impacts the storage shell 21 through the contact posts, causing the storage shell 21 to vibrate, so that the bait in the storage shell 21 can be better discharged to the discharge end.

[0101] When the rotating device 12 is working, it drives the rotating column 34 to rotate through the gear set 35. When the magnetic block 36 is directly aligned with the magnetic roller 37, the magnetic block 36 attracts the magnetic roller 37, causing the movable rod 2 to drive the movable plate 38 downward, so that the contact column is disengaged from the storage shell 21. When the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are misaligned, the movable rod 2 resets upward under the action of the elastic structure, and contacts the storage shell 21 through the contact column, causing the storage shell 21 to vibrate.

[0102] Preferably, the top of the mounting plate 29 in this embodiment is provided with a detection sensor 31 electrically connected to the electrical device 9. The detection sensor 31 is, for example, a pressure sensor. When the detection sensor 31 contacts the sliding seat 13, the electrical device 9 controls the sound generator 32 to work and controls the pan-tilt head 4 to make the image acquisition device 5 face the bird perch. The sound generator 32 is located on the outer wall of the storage shell 21 and is used to emit a sound to attract birds. When the bird perch moves out of the outer shell 2, the sound generator 32 emits a sound to attract birds, which can further entice birds to perch on the bird perch. At the same time, the pan-tilt head 4 automatically adjusts the angle of the image acquisition device 5 so that it faces the bird perch to collect bird image data, ensuring the quality of the collected bird image data.

[0103] A method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, utilizing the aforementioned observation device, includes the following steps:

[0104] S1: Install the observation device at a designated location within the wetland area by installing support column 1, and collect bird image data and bird sound data of the wetland area through the data collection mechanism;

[0105] S2: The bird feeder feeds the bird perches to attract birds. The drive unit drives the two bird perches to extend out of the outer shell 2, attracting birds to perch on the bird perches and eat the feed. At the same time, the collection mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism.

[0106] S3: The bird image data and bird sound data collected by the data collection agency are sent to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis to obtain wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

[0107] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for observing the structure and diversity of a wetland bird community, characterized by, The utility model relates to a bird monitoring device, including: a mounting pillar (1) for mounting in a wet area; a bird luring mechanism provided on the mounting pillar (1); a collection mechanism provided on the bird luring mechanism and wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal, for collecting bird image data and bird sound data in the wet area and on the bird luring mechanism, and sending the bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis; wherein the bird luring mechanism comprises: a shell (2) connected to the mounting pillar (1) and the collection mechanism; two groups of bird habitat racks symmetrically and movably provided on both sides of an inner cavity of the shell (2) for birds to inhabit; a driving part provided in the shell (2) for driving the two groups of bird habitat racks to move horizontally in opposite directions; a bird bait feeding part provided in the shell (2) for feeding bait for attracting birds to the bird habitat racks when the bird habitat racks enter the shell (2); the bird habitat rack comprises: a sliding seat (13) in transmission connection with the driving part; a telescopic inhabiting rod having one end connected to the outside of the sliding seat (13) and the other end connected to a sealing plate (14) movably provided in an opening of a side wall of the shell (2); a plurality of groups of follow-up telescopic rods (19) provided between the sliding seat (13) and the sealing plate (14); and a bait placing seat (20) provided on the inside of the sealing plate (14) and above the telescopic inhabiting rod for receiving the bait fed by the bird bait feeding part. The telescopic habitat rod comprises a sleeve (15) connected to the outer side of a sliding seat (13) at one end and movably provided with a movable rod I (16) at the other end, the movable rod I (16) is provided with a piston matched with the inner diameter of the sleeve (15) at one end located in the sleeve (15), and the piston is connected with the inner wall of one side of the sleeve (15) through an elastic element (17); an air bag element (18) is arranged outside the sliding seat (13) and below the sleeve (15), the air bag element (18) is communicated with the inner cavity of the sleeve (15) through a pipeline, and the gas in the air bag element (18) is driven to enter the sleeve (15) through the pipeline when the air bag element (18) is extruded against the inner wall of the shell (2) when moving outward with the sliding seat (13), so as to drive the piston to move outward with the movable rod I (16) to a preset position; a reset elastic structure (27) is connected between the air bag element (18) and the sliding seat (13), and is used for driving the air bag element (18) to reset and withdraw the gas in the sleeve (15) when the air bag element (18) is separated from the inner wall of the shell (2), so that the movable rod I (16) is reset; the end of the sleeve (15) facing the movable rod I (16) and the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod (19) are both provided with a cleaning ring I (28), the cleaning ring I (28) is used for cleaning the outer wall of the movable rod I (16) or the movable section of the follow-up telescopic rod (19), the outer ends of the inner cavities of the shell (2) are both provided with a mounting plate (29), the mounting plate (29) is movably sleeved outside the two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10), the mounting plate (29) is provided with a movable opening for the follow-up telescopic rod (19) and the sleeve (15) to pass through, and the inner wall of the movable opening is provided with a cleaning ring II (30), the cleaning ring II (30) is used for cleaning the outer wall of the sleeve (15) or the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod (19), and the inner diameter of the cleaning ring II (30) is greater than the outer diameter of the cleaning ring I (28), the outer diameter of the sleeve (15) and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod (19).

2. The viewing device of claim 1, wherein: The collection mechanism comprises: a mounting frame (3) arranged on the shell (2), both sides of the mounting frame (3) are provided with an image collection device (5) for collecting bird image data through a holder (4); a recording device (6) arranged on the mounting frame (3) for collecting bird sound data; a photovoltaic device (8) and an electrical device (9) arranged on the side wall of the shell (2), the electrical device (9) is connected with a driving part, the image collection device (5), the recording device (6), the holder (4), the photovoltaic device (8) and an external monitoring terminal, the electrical device (9) comprises a wireless communicator, a controller and a battery; a protective top seat (7) arranged on the shell (2) and located above the image collection device (5).

3. The viewing device of claim 2, wherein: The driving part comprises: two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner cavity of the shell (2), the two ends of the two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10) are respectively screwed through the sliding seats (13) in the two groups of bird habitat frames; an inner shell (11) fixed in the shell (2) and movably sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10). The rotating device (12) is arranged in the inner shell (11), and an output end of the rotating device (12) and the two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10) are in transmission connection with the outer wall of the inner shell (11), so as to drive the two groups of bidirectional lead screws (10) to rotate in the same direction synchronously.

4. The viewing device of claim 3, wherein: The bird bait feeding part comprises: A storage shell (21) is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell (2), and both sides of the storage shell (21) are provided with discharge ends; A quantitative discharge part is arranged at one end of the discharge end away from the storage shell (21), and is used for feeding an equal amount of bait into the bait placing seat (20).

5. The viewing device of claim 4, wherein: The quantitative discharge part comprises: A guide seat (22) is arranged in the outer shell (2), and upper and lower ends of the guide seat (22) are respectively provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port of the guide seat (22) is in communication with the discharge end, and the discharging port is used for corresponding to the bait placing seat (20); A rotating column (23) is rotatably arranged in the guide seat (22), and a circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (23) is provided with a material groove (24) in communication with the feeding port or the discharging port, one end of the shaft of the rotating column (23) penetrates one side of the guide seat (22) and is in transmission connection with a follow-up gear (25) through a gear transmission, and the follow-up gear (25) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the guide seat (22); A rack (26) is horizontally arranged on the bait placing seat (20), and when the bait placing seat (20) enters the outer shell (2) to a preset position, the rotating column (23) is driven to rotate by a preset angle through the follow-up gear (25) and the gear, so that the material groove (24) corresponding to the feeding port is rotated to correspond to the discharging port with the rotating column (23).

6. The viewing device of claim 4, wherein: The top of the inner shell (11) is rotatably provided with a rotating column (34), the rotating column (34) and the output end of the rotating device (12) are in transmission connection through a gear set (35), the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (34) is embedded with a magnetic block (36), the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (34) is slidably abutted with a magnetic roller (37), the magnetic roller (37) is rotatably arranged at one end of a movable rod two, the movable rod two is vertically movably inserted into a bearing frame (33), the bearing frame (33) is fixed on the top of the inner shell (11), the other end of the movable rod two is located below the storage shell (21) and is connected with a movable plate (38), the upper end of the movable plate (38) is provided with a plurality of contact columns for contacting the bottom of the storage shell (21), the outer wall of the movable rod two is sleeved with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod two to reset upward when the magnetic block (36) and the magnetic roller (37) are staggered, and the movable rod two resets upward by contacting the storage shell (21) through the contact column to make the storage shell (21) vibrate.

7. The viewing device of claim 2, wherein: The top of the mounting plate (29) is provided with a detection sensor (31) electrically connected with the electric appliance (9), the detection sensor (31) makes the electric appliance (9) control the sound generator (32) to work and control the holder (4) to make the image acquisition device (5) face the bird habitat frame when the detection sensor (31) is in contact with the sliding seat (13), and the sound generator (32) is arranged on the outer wall of the storage shell (21) and is used for emitting sound to attract birds.

8. A method for observing the structure and diversity of a wetland bird community, using the observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: install the observation device at a designated position in the wetland area through the installation support (1), and collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area through the collection mechanism; S2: the bird bait supply part supplies bait for attracting birds to the bird habitat frame, the driving part drives the two groups of bird habitat frames to extend out of the shell (2), and the birds are attracted to live on the bird habitat frame and eat the bait, while the collection mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism; S3: send the collected bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis to obtain wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

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