Air cylinder machining process

Abstract

The invention relates to an air cylinder machining process. The air cylinder machining technology comprises the steps that S1, raw materials are prepared; s2, roughly machining the periphery and an inner hole: machining the periphery of the raw material, and machining the through inner hole in the central axis of the raw material; s3, performing heat treatment on the raw materials processed in the step S2; s4, the periphery is polished with the inner hole as the reference, so that the diameter size of the periphery is uniform and free of taper; s5, finish machining is conducted through the low-speed wire feeding technology, specifically, the inner hole is machined with the periphery as the benchmark so that the inner hole can meet the drawing requirement, then a first sliding groove is machined with the inner hole as the benchmark, a second sliding groove is machined with the side wall of the first sliding groove as the benchmark, and the extending direction of the first sliding groove and the extending direction of the second sliding groove are perpendicular to each other; and S6, an auxiliary clamp is adopted for clamping the raw materials machined in the step S5, and secondary accurate grinding is conducted on the periphery till the periphery meets the drawing requirement. The air cylinder machining process has the advantages of being high in precision and low in rejection rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of parts processing, in particular to a cylinder processing technology. Background Art

[0002] The piston reciprocates at high speed in the cylinder, so the matching degree between the piston and the cylinder is an important parameter that affects the working performance of the pump body. The machining accuracy of the cylinder itself needs to be guaranteed during the processing to ensure that the piston can slide smoothly during use and avoid malfunctions such as jamming. At present, cylinders are usually processed by rough turning, heat treatment, and fine turning. However, with the complexity of the cylinder structure, this processing method is difficult to guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the cylinder and the requirements of the cylinder's shape and position tolerances in actual scenarios, making it difficult for the final product to meet the requirements, and the scrap rate is high, which leads to increased costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder machining process, which has the advantages of high precision and low scrap rate.

[0004] A cylinder processing process comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Prepare raw materials;

[0006] S2, rough machining of the outer periphery and inner hole: machining the outer periphery of the raw material, and machining a penetrating inner hole at the center axis of the raw material;

[0007] S3, heat treating the raw material processed in step S2;

[0008] S4, grinding the outer circumference with the inner hole as a reference, so that the diameter of the outer circumference is uniform and has no taper;

[0009] S5, performing fine machining by wire-cutting process: machining the inner hole based on the outer periphery to make the inner hole meet the requirements of the drawing, then machining the first sliding groove based on the inner hole, and then machining the second sliding groove based on the side wall of the first sliding groove to make the extension directions of the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove perpendicular to each other;

[0010] S6. Clamp the raw material processed in step S5 with an auxiliary fixture, and perform secondary fine grinding on the outer circumference until the outer circumference meets the requirements of the drawing.

[0011] The cylinder processing technology described in the present invention improves the traditional cylinder processing process, ensures the accuracy of the slide groove size and shape and position tolerance through reasonable selection of the benchmark and the use of the slow wire cutting process, and greatly improves the qualified rate of the finished product.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat treatment is vacuum heat treatment, thereby improving the surface quality of the parts after the heat treatment.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the hardness of the raw material reaches HRC56-60 through the heat treatment, so that the parts meet the requirements of processing and use.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary fixture includes an upper mold whose shape is adapted to the first sliding groove, and a lower mold whose shape is adapted to the second sliding groove. The upper mold or the lower mold is also provided with a connecting shaft for passing through the inner hole, and the corresponding lower mold or the upper mold is provided with a card hole for plugging and matching with the connecting shaft. It has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can ensure that the tolerance of the parts meets the requirements during the processing process.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting shaft, the clamping hole, the upper die and the lower die are coaxially arranged, thereby achieving preliminary detection of the parts during the installation process.

[0016] Furthermore, the method further comprises step S7, forming oil holes and oil grooves on the surface of the raw material processed in step S6 by an electric spark process to prevent deformation of the parts.

[0017] Furthermore, the method further comprises step S8, wherein the raw material processed in step S7 is deburred, edged, cleaned, and oiled to prevent rust to form a finished product, thereby improving the aesthetics and service life of the finished part.

[0018] Furthermore, the method further comprises step S9 of inspecting the finished product to avoid the occurrence of unqualified products.

[0019] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the finished cylinder structure diagram;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the structural exploded diagram of the auxiliary fixture;

[0022] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Cylinder; 11. Periphery; 12. End face; 13. Inner hole; 14. First sliding groove; 15. Second sliding groove; 16. Side wall; 17. Oil groove; 18. Oil hole; 2. Auxiliary clamp; 21. Upper mold; 22. Lower mold; 23. Connecting shaft; 24. Clamping hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] This solution improves the processing process, reasonably selects and processes the benchmark, and adopts the slow wire cutting process to ensure the accuracy of the slide groove size and form and position tolerances, greatly improving the qualified rate of the finished product.

[0024] The invention discloses a cylinder processing technology. The cylinder 1 cooperates with a piston and is applied to a pump body. The piston can reciprocate at high speed in the cylinder 1.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the finished cylinder. The upper and lower end faces 12 of the cylinder 1 along the axial distribution must ensure a certain degree of flatness and must be parallel to each other. The outer periphery 11 of the cylinder 1 is cylindrical and must ensure a certain degree of cylindricity. The outer periphery 11 must be perpendicular to the two end faces 12 at the same time. A through inner hole 13 is provided at the center axis of the cylinder 1. The inner hole 13 and the outer periphery 11 must ensure a certain degree of coaxiality and be perpendicular to the two end faces 12. The cylinder 1 is also provided with a sliding groove that penetrates in the radial direction. There are two sliding grooves, including a first sliding groove 14 and a second sliding groove 15. The first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 are respectively recessed from the two end faces 12 to the middle to form a U-shaped groove, so that the cylinder 1 forms lugs on both sides of the sliding groove.

[0026] The shape of the piston is adapted to the sliding groove, and when in use, it slides back and forth between the lugs in a sliding groove. The penetration directions of the two sliding grooves are perpendicular to each other, and the projections of the first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 on the same end face 12 are cross-shaped. The side walls 16 on both sides of each sliding groove are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged with the diameter as the symmetry axis, so that the lugs on both sides of the sliding groove are symmetrical with the diameter as the symmetry axis, and the side walls 16 of each sliding groove are perpendicular to the end face 12. The cylinder 1 is also provided with an oil groove 17 and an oil hole 18.

[0027] The processing technology of the cylinder includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Prepare raw materials, and both the outer diameter and length of the raw materials need to have a processing allowance. For example, in this embodiment, the outer diameter can be selected as a bar of a general size that is larger than the finished product diameter and the value is closest to the finished product diameter, and the length of the raw material can be increased by 10mm of processing allowance on the basis of the finished product length.

[0029] S2, rough machining of the outer periphery 11 and the inner hole 13. The raw material is fixed on a lathe, and the outer periphery 11 of the raw material is machined to improve the cylindricality of the outer periphery 11. At the same time, a certain margin is reserved for its diameter. In this embodiment, a margin of 0.55 mm is reserved. At the same time, the inner hole 13 penetrating the center axis of the raw material is machined on the lathe.

[0030] S3. Heat-treating the raw material processed in step S2 to make its hardness reach HRC56-60. The heat treatment is preferably vacuum heat treatment to ensure the surface quality of the parts after heat treatment.

[0031] S4. Grind the outer periphery 11 of the raw material with the inner hole 13 as a reference to make its diameter uniform and without taper. At this time, a certain margin still needs to be reserved. In this embodiment, a margin of 0.05 to 0.08 mm is reserved.

[0032] S5. Finishing by wire-cutting process. Before the wire-cutting process, the end face 12 of the raw material can be processed by a machine tool to make its length meet the requirements of the drawing and ensure that the end face 12 is perpendicular to the outer periphery 11. Then, the inner hole 13 is finished with the outer periphery 11 as the reference, so that the size tolerance and shape and position tolerance of the inner hole 13 meet the requirements of the drawing, and then the first sliding groove 14 is processed with the inner hole 13 as the reference, and then the second sliding groove 15 is processed with the side wall 16 of the first sliding groove 14 as the reference, and the extension directions of the first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 are perpendicular to each other.

[0033] S6. Use the auxiliary fixture 2 to clamp the raw material processed in step S5, and perform fine processing on the raw material.

[0034] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 The figure is an exploded diagram of the structure of the auxiliary clamp. The auxiliary clamp 2 can have a variety of structural forms, such as threaded fastening, bonding, nesting, etc., for clamping and fixing the raw material. In this embodiment, the auxiliary clamp 2 includes an upper mold 21 whose shape is adapted to the first sliding groove 14, and a lower mold 22 whose shape is adapted to the second sliding groove 15. The adaptation is that when the upper mold 21 and the first sliding groove 14 slide in along the axial direction and cooperate with each other, they can be embedded with each other, and the upper mold 21 and the first sliding groove 14 do not have relative displacement in the radial and circumferential directions; when the lower mold 22 and the second sliding groove 15 slide in along the axial direction and cooperate with each other, they can be embedded with each other, and the lower mold 22 and the second sliding groove 15 do not have relative displacement in the radial and circumferential directions.

[0035] The upper die 21 or the lower die 22 is also provided with a connecting shaft 23 for passing through the inner hole 13, and the corresponding lower die 22 or the upper die 21 is provided with a clamping hole 24 for plugging and matching with the connecting shaft 23. Figure 2 In the example, the upper die 21 is provided with a clamping hole 24, and the lower die 22 is provided with a connecting shaft 23. When in use, the connecting shaft 23 passes through the inner hole 13 and is inserted into the clamping hole 24, so that the upper die 21 and the lower die 22 are clamped and pressed against the first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 respectively, thereby achieving the clamping and fixing of the raw material by the auxiliary clamp 2. At this time, the outer periphery 11 of the raw material is finely ground for the second time, so that the coaxiality of the inner hole 13 of the raw material and the outer periphery 11 meets the requirements of the drawing, and the symmetry of the first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 meets the requirements of the drawing, and at the same time, the dimensional tolerance of the outer periphery 11 meets the requirements of the drawing.

[0036] The connecting shaft 23 and the clamping hole 24 are coaxially arranged with the upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22, and the diameter of the connecting shaft 23 can match the diameter of the inner hole 13, so that after installation, the connecting shaft 23 fits with the inner hole 13, and the upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22 fit with the first sliding groove 14 and the second sliding groove 15 respectively, so that while the auxiliary clamp 2 is being installed, a preliminary inspection can be performed on whether the tolerances between the first sliding groove 14, the second sliding groove 15 and the inner hole 13 meet the requirements.

[0037] S7. According to the requirements of the drawings, oil grooves 17 and oil holes 18 are formed on the surface of the raw material after processing in step S6 by the electric spark process. The number, layout and shape of the oil grooves 17 and the oil holes 18 can be designed according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the oil grooves 17 are crescent-shaped and there are four of them evenly distributed along the circumference. There are four oil holes 18 and they are respectively opened in the oil grooves 17. The oil holes 18 extend radially and are connected with the inner hole 13.

[0038] S8, removing burrs and edges, cleaning, and applying oil to prevent rust on the raw materials processed in step S7 to form finished products.

[0039] S9. Inspect the size, tolerance, surface quality, etc. of the finished products.

[0040] The cylinder processing technology described in the present invention improves the traditional cylinder processing process. By reasonably selecting the benchmark and adopting the slow wire cutting process, the accuracy of the slide groove size and the shape and position tolerance is guaranteed, and the qualified rate of the finished product is greatly improved, thereby improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", "set on", etc. appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A cylinder processing technology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare raw materials; S2, rough machining of the outer periphery and inner hole: machining the outer periphery of the raw material, and machining a penetrating inner hole at the center axis of the raw material; S3, heat treating the raw material processed in step S2; S4, grinding the outer circumference with the inner hole as a reference, so that the diameter of the outer circumference is uniform and has no taper; S5, performing fine machining by wire-cutting process: machining the inner hole based on the outer periphery to make the inner hole meet the requirements of the drawing, then machining the first sliding groove based on the inner hole, and then machining the second sliding groove based on the side wall of the first sliding groove to make the extension directions of the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove perpendicular to each other; S6. Clamp the raw material processed in step S5 with an auxiliary fixture, and perform secondary fine grinding on the outer circumference until the outer circumference meets the requirements of the drawing.

2. A cylinder processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment is vacuum heat treatment.

3. A cylinder processing process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the hardness of the raw material reaches HRC56-60 through the heat treatment.

4. A cylinder processing process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary clamp includes an upper mold whose shape is adapted to the first sliding groove, and a lower mold whose shape is adapted to the second sliding groove. The upper mold or the lower mold is also provided with a connecting shaft for passing through the inner hole, and the corresponding lower mold or the upper mold is provided with a card hole for plugging and matching with the connecting shaft.

5. A cylinder processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting shaft, the clamping hole, the upper die and the lower die are coaxially arranged.

6. A cylinder processing process according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S7, forming oil holes and oil grooves on the surface of the raw material processed in step S6 by using an electric spark process.

7. A cylinder processing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S8, removing burrs and edges, cleaning, and applying oil to prevent rust on the raw material processed in step S7 to form a finished product.

8. A cylinder processing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S9 of inspecting the finished product.

Images