Tool changing system, numerical control machine tool and tool changing method

Abstract

The invention provides a tool changing system, a numerical control machine tool and a tool changing method.The tool changing system comprises a disc type tool magazine and a tool sleeve conveying mechanism, and the disc type tool magazine comprises a tool disc, tool sleeve bases distributed on the circumferential outer edge of the tool disc and tool sleeves arranged on the tool sleeve bases; the tool pouch conveying mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a tool changing seat and a pushing part, the mounting seat is fixed above the disc type tool magazine, the tool changing seat is arranged on the mounting seat and is provided with a containing space for containing one tool pouch, and the pushing part is movably arranged on the mounting seat and is provided with a pushing part matched with the tool pouch; the tool sleeve seat is provided with a first guide structure, the tool changing seat is provided with a second guide structure, the tool sleeve is provided with a sliding structure matched with the first guide structure and the second guide structure, and the pushing part is used for pushing the tool sleeve to be switched between the first guide structure and the second guide structure. By means of the tool changing system, unnecessary waiting and the number of needed parts in the tool changing process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a tool changing system, a CNC machine tool, and a tool changing method. Background Art

[0002] The automatic tool changing method of CNC machine tools varies according to the tool magazines they use. For some CNC machine tools that use flat disc tool magazines, the common tool changing process is as follows: the tool disc rotates so that the vacant tool claw is rotated to the tool changing position; the spindle moves to the tool changing position and returns the tool on the spindle to the tool magazine; the spindle moves away from the tool changing position, and the tool disc rotates so that the tool claw of the target tool is rotated to the tool changing position; the spindle moves to the tool changing position again, and the spindle itself obtains the target tool; the spindle leaves the tool changing position again, thus completing the tool changing. In the above tool changing process, the spindle needs to move to the tool changing position of the tool disc multiple times, with a slow moving speed and a long moving distance, so the tool changing efficiency is low.

[0003] At present, the patent document CN111843578A has proposed a new tool changing system and method for a horizontal chain tool magazine. In this tool changing method, the spindle no longer moves a long distance, but the tool sleeve is pushed out to the position where the tool changing mechanism is located to perform tool exchange. The process of pushing out the tool sleeve is as follows: the first clamping claw cylinder in the tool sleeve pushing device is actuated to clamp the tool sleeve with the first clamping claw. After the clamping claw in place sensor detects that the tool sleeve is clamped in place by the first clamping claw, the first pushing cylinder pushes the first clamping seat to move outward, and the tool sleeve is separated from the single chain link of the chain tool magazine and pushed out to the tool changing position.

[0004] In the above process, the tool sleeve must be clamped by the claws before it can be pushed out. Therefore, not only supporting components such as claws, cylinders and claw in-place sensors are required, but also the next step can only be performed after the relevant sensors detect the signal that the tool sleeve is clamped in place. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application are intended to solve at least one of the existing technical problems. The embodiments of the present application provide a tool changing system, a CNC machine tool and a tool changing method to reduce unnecessary waiting and the number of required parts during the tool changing process.

[0006] The relevant technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application include the following:

[0007] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a tool changing system. The tool changing system comprises a disc tool magazine, the disc tool magazine comprises a tool disc, a tool sleeve seat distributed on the circumferential outer edge of the tool disc, and a tool sleeve arranged on the tool sleeve seat; the tool changing system further comprises:

[0008] The tool sleeve conveying mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a tool changing seat and a pushing member, wherein the mounting seat is fixed above the disc tool magazine, the tool changing seat is arranged on the mounting seat and has a receiving space for accommodating one tool sleeve, the pushing member is movably arranged on the mounting seat, and the pushing member is provided with a pushing portion cooperating with the tool sleeve;

[0009] Among them, the tool sleeve seat has a first guide structure, the tool changing seat has a second guide structure, the tool sleeve has a sliding structure adapted to both the first guide structure and the second guide structure, and the pushing part is used to push the tool sleeve to switch between the first guide structure and the second guide structure.

[0010] Optionally, the pushing portion includes a first pushing portion and a second pushing portion that are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first pushing portion and the second pushing portion define a space allowing one of the tool sleeves to pass through; the first guide structure on one of the multiple tool sleeve seats can be flush with the second guide structure and the distance between the two is less than the length of the sliding structure.

[0011] Optionally, the mounting seat extends radially along the cutter disc, one end of the mounting seat is installed in the central area of ​​the cutter disc, the other end of the mounting seat is located outside the cutter disc and is provided with the tool changing seat, the pushing part also includes a pushing part base, the pushing part base is installed between the two ends of the mounting seat and can slide relative to the mounting seat, and the first pushing part and the second pushing part are arranged below the pushing part base.

[0012] Optionally, a waist-shaped hole is provided on the pushing part base, and at least one of the first pushing part and the second pushing part is connected to the pushing part base through the cooperation of a threaded fastener and the waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is parallel to the direction from the first pushing part to the second pushing part.

[0013] Optionally, the tool sleeve conveying mechanism also includes a driving member and a buffer having a buffer head, the fixed end of the driving member is connected to the mounting seat, the output end of the driving member is connected to the base of the pushing part, and the driving member includes a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor; the buffer is installed on the tool changing seat, and the buffer head is located directly in front of the tool sleeve pushing direction.

[0014] Optionally, the central area of ​​the cutter disc is recessed downward, and the mounting seat includes a mounting seat body and a mounting plate, one end of the mounting seat body is mounted on the central area of ​​the cutter disc through the mounting plate, and the tool changing seat is mounted on the other end of the mounting seat body, and the bottom of the mounting seat body rises obliquely from the mounting plate to the tool changing seat in the form of steps.

[0015] Optionally, the tool changing system further includes a tool changing mechanism, which includes a tool changing arm capable of rotating around its own center point, and both ends of the tool changing arm have clamping portions; in one state of the tool changing arm, the clamping portion is located below the tool changing seat.

[0016] Optionally, the first guide structure and the second guide structure are respectively provided with guide parts at their extended ends;

[0017] Wherein, the sliding structure comprises a groove structure, the first guide structure and the second guide structure can be plugged into the sliding structure, and the cross-sections of the guide parts of the first guide structure and the second guide structure gradually decrease along their extension directions; or,

[0018] The sliding structure includes a protruding structure, and the sliding structure can be plugged into the first guiding structure and the second guiding structure. The groove sections of the guide parts of the first guiding structure and the second guiding structure gradually increase along their extension directions.

[0019] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a CNC machine tool, which includes a spindle, a control system, and a tool changing system as described in one of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein the control system is used to control the movement of the tool changing system and the spindle.

[0020] A third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a tool changing method for a CNC machine tool. The tool changing method for a CNC machine tool is applied to the CNC machine tool described in the implementation scheme of the second aspect, and the tool changing system of the CNC machine tool includes a tool changing mechanism, the tool changing mechanism includes a tool changing arm that can rotate around its own center point, and the two ends of the tool changing arm have clamping parts, and the tool changing method for the CNC machine tool includes:

[0021] Rotating the tool disc so that the tool sleeve where the target tool is located corresponds to the pushing portion of the tool sleeve conveying mechanism;

[0022] The tool sleeve conveying mechanism pushes the target tool together with the tool sleeve into the accommodating space of the tool change seat at one end of the tool change arm, and the spindle with the tool to be unloaded is moved to the tool change position at the other end of the tool change arm;

[0023] The two ends of the tool changing arm respectively clamp the target tool and the tool to be unloaded, and the tool changing arm descends a certain distance and rotates 180 degrees around its own center point, so that the target tool is separated from the tool sleeve and the empty tool sleeve is left in the tool changing seat, and the positions of the target tool and the tool to be unloaded are exchanged;

[0024] The tool changing arm rises and returns to the original height, the target tool is installed on the spindle, and the tool to be unloaded is installed in the tool sleeve of the tool changing seat;

[0025] The tool sleeve conveying mechanism pushes the tool to be unloaded together with the tool sleeve back to the tool disc, and the spindle returns.

[0026] The technical solution for the tool changing system in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following technical effects: a first guide structure and a second guide structure are respectively provided on the tool holder seat of the disc tool magazine and the tool holder conveying mechanism, and the tool holder conveying mechanism pushes the tool holder to switch between the first guide structure and the second guide structure, so that the spindle does not need to go back and forth between the tool disc tool changing position and the spindle working position many times during the tool changing process, thereby reducing the time consumed for tool changing. In addition, since the sliding structure on the tool holder is compatible with both the first guide structure and the second guide structure, it is not necessary to wait for the tool holder to be clamped by the claws before being pushed out, thereby reducing unnecessary waiting and the number of required parts during the tool changing process.

[0027] It is not difficult to understand that the relevant technical solutions of the CNC machine tool and the tool changing method in the embodiments of the present application at least have the corresponding technical effects of the technical solutions of the tool changing system, which will not be repeated here.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be partially given in the following description. Thus, in part, they will become apparent from the following description or be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tool changing system in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc tool magazine in some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife sleeve and the knife sleeve seat in some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knife sleeve conveying mechanism in some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool changer and the buffer in some embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A local magnified view of area A;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pushing part in some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tool changing mechanism in some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 10-disc tool magazine; 110-tool disk; 1110-disc body, 1120-support structure, 1121-support rib, 1130-tool disk seat; 120-tool sleeve, 130-tool sleeve seat, 1310-first guide structure, 1311-guide portion; 140-tool magazine mounting seat; 1410-tool magazine base plate, 1420-tool disk connecting plate, 1430-first reducer;

[0039] 20 - tool changing mechanism; 210 - tool changing arm, 2110 - clamping part; 220 - second reducer.

[0040] 30-tool sleeve conveying mechanism; 310-pushing member, 3110-first pushing part, 3120-second pushing part, 3130-pushing part base, 3140-waist-shaped hole; 320-driving member; 330-mounting seat, 3310-mounting seat body, 3320-mounting plate; 340-buffer; 350-tool changing seat, 3501-accommodating space, 3510-second guide structure, 3511-guide part;

[0041] 40- Knife. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0043] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without paying creative work, drawings of other embodiments can also be obtained according to the technical solutions shown in these drawings.

[0044] It should be understood that the "plurality" mentioned herein refers to two or more than two. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, "A / B" means A or B; "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, B exists alone, etc.

[0045] In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, expressions such as "first" or "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that expressions such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and expressions such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean that they are different.

[0046] The "installation", "connection" and "setting" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application include direct installation / connection / setting, as well as indirect installation / connection / setting; include detachable installation / connection / setting, as well as non-detachable installation / connection / setting; include fixed installation / connection / setting, as well as movable installation / connection / setting.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 8 The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a tool changing system. Figure 1 As shown, the tool changing system includes a disc tool magazine 10 and a tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 .

[0048] like Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the disc tool magazine 10 includes a tool disc 110 , a tool sleeve seat 130 distributed on the circumferential outer edge of the tool disc 110 , and a tool sleeve 120 disposed on the tool sleeve seat 130 .

[0049] Specifically, in Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 In the figure, the cutter disc 110 is a circular cutter disc, and a plurality of cutter sleeve seats 130 are evenly distributed on the circumferential outer edge of the cutter disc 110, and a cutter sleeve 120 is arranged on each cutter sleeve seat 130. A cutter 40 can be stored in each cutter sleeve 120. The cutter disc 110 includes a disc body 1110, a support structure 1120, and a cutter disc seat 1130. The disc body 1110 and the cutter disc seat 1130 are connected through the support structure 1120. The support structure 1120 includes a plurality of support ribs 1121, and the support ribs 1121 extend vertically upward from the outer edge of the cutter disc seat 1130 and then continue to extend upward to the outer edge of the disc body 1110 in a form of tilting upward and outward divergence. Weight reduction holes are provided on the support ribs 1121. The support ribs 1121 extend vertically upward and then extend obliquely upward and divergently outward, rather than directly extending obliquely upward and divergently outward, which can save the area occupied by the entire disc tool magazine 10 within the height range of the vertical upward extension.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 includes a mounting seat 330, a tool changing seat 350 and a pusher 310. Figure 1 as well as Figure 5The mounting seat 330 is fixed above the disc tool magazine 10, the tool changing seat 350 is arranged on the mounting seat 330 and has a accommodating space 3501 for accommodating a tool sleeve 120, and the pushing member 310 is movably arranged on the mounting seat 330, and the pushing member 310 is provided with a pushing part that cooperates with the tool sleeve 120.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the tool sleeve seat 130 has a first guide structure 1310, the tool change seat 350 has a second guide structure 3510, and the tool sleeve 120 has a sliding structure that is compatible with both the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510; under normal conditions, the tool sleeve 120 is placed on the tool sleeve seat 130 through the first guide structure 1310; during the tool changing process, the pushing part is used to push the tool sleeve 120 to switch between the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the pusher 310 of the tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 can push the tool sleeve 120 from the tool sleeve seat 130 of the disc tool magazine 10 to the position of the tool change seat 350, and can also push the tool sleeve 120 from the position of the tool change seat 350 back to the tool sleeve seat 130, so that the spindle does not need to go back and forth between the tool change position of the tool disc and the working position of the spindle many times during the tool change process, thereby reducing the time consumed in the tool change process. In addition, the sliding structure on the tool sleeve 120 is adapted to both the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510. Due to the cooperation between the sliding structure and the two guide structures, the tool sleeve 120 can be pushed without worrying about the tool sleeve 120 falling off when there is no clamping claw to clamp the tool sleeve 120, and the tool change process does not need to wait for the tool sleeve 120 to be clamped by the clamping claw before being pushed out, thereby reducing unnecessary waiting and the number of parts required during the tool change process.

[0053] See also Figure 7Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the pushing portion of the pushing member 310 includes a first pushing portion 3110 and a second pushing portion 3120 that are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 define a space that allows a tool sleeve 120 to pass through, so that the tool sleeve 120 on the circumferential outer edge of the disc-type tool magazine 10 can sequentially pass through the space defined by the two pushing portions as the cutter disc 110 rotates. In the case where the two pushing portions do not move or rotate, the above arrangement can allow the tool sleeve 120 where the target tool is located to enter the space defined by the two pushing portions as the cutter disc 110 rotates. The tool changer 350 is at a certain distance from the outer edge of the cutter disc 110, so that the second guide structure 3510 on the tool changer 350 and the first guide structure 1310 on a tool sleeve seat 130 that is at the tool change position of the cutter disc 110 are not connected but there is a certain space between them, so as to prevent the rotation of the cutter disc 110 from interfering with other components. The first guide structure 1310 on one of the multiple tool sleeve seats 130 can be flush with the second guide structure 3510 and the distance between the two is less than the length of the sliding structure, that is, the first guide structure 1310 on the tool sleeve seat 130 at the tool changing position of the tool disc 110 can be flush with the second guide structure 3510 on the tool changing seat 350. "Flush" means not only that the two are flush in the height direction, but also that the two are flush in another horizontal direction perpendicular to the pushing direction of the tool sleeve 120. The two guide structures are flush, so that after the matching state of the sliding structure of the tool sleeve 120 and one of the guide structures is released, it can smoothly enter into a state of mutual matching with the other guide structure without adjustment. The distance between the two flush guide structures is smaller than the length of the sliding structure, so that the sliding structure on the knife sleeve 120 can immediately enter into a new guiding cooperation relationship with the second guide structure 3510 / first guide structure 1310 when it has not yet disengaged from the guiding cooperation with the first guide structure 1310 / second guide structure 3510, thereby preventing the knife sleeve 120 from falling when it is pushed through the space between the two guide structures.

[0054] Specifically, the first pushing portion 3110 can be used to push the tool sleeve 120 from the tool sleeve seat 130 of the disc tool magazine 10 to the position where the tool change seat 350 is located, and the second pushing portion 3120 is used to push the tool sleeve 120 from the position where the tool change seat 350 is located back to the tool sleeve seat 130. The first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 are spaced apart in the direction of pushing out the tool sleeve 120, and the second pushing portion 3120 is located directly in front of the first pushing portion 3110 in the direction of pushing out the tool sleeve 120. The space defined by the first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 allows one tool sleeve 120 to pass through. The first guide structure 1310 on the tool sleeve seat 130 at the tool change position of the tool disc 110 can be flush with the second guide structure 3510 on the tool change seat 350, and the distance between the two is less than the length of the sliding structure on the tool sleeve 120.

[0055] See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the mounting seat 330 extends radially along the cutter disc 110, one end of the mounting seat 330 is mounted in the central area of ​​the cutter disc 110, the other end of the mounting seat 330 is located outside the cutter disc 110 and is provided with a tool changer 350, the pushing portion further includes a pushing portion base 3130, the pushing portion base 3130 is installed between the two ends of the mounting seat 330 and can slide relative to the mounting seat 330, and the first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 are arranged below the pushing portion base 3130. The sliding of the pushing portion base 3130 can drive the first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 to move, thereby pushing the knife sleeve 120 to move. The tool changer 350 is arranged outside the cutter disc 110 and is also located at one end of the mounting seat 330; and the pushing portion base 3130 is installed between the two ends of the mounting seat 330. Therefore, the pusher base 3130 can slide to a position close to the tool changer seat 350, that is, the pusher can push the tool sleeve 120 to the position where the tool changer seat 350 is located. The mounting seat 330 and the tool sleeve seat 130 both extend in the radial direction of the tool disc 110, and the first guide structure 1310 on the tool sleeve seat 130 at the tool change position of the tool disc 110 and the second guide structure 3510 on the tool changer seat 350 extend in the same direction.

[0056] For further information, please refer to Figure 7The pusher base 3130 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 3140, and at least one of the first pusher 3110 and the second pusher 3120 is connected to the pusher base 3130 through the cooperation of the threaded fastener and the waist-shaped hole 3140, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole 3140 is parallel to the direction from the first pusher 3110 to the second pusher 3120. The waist-shaped hole 3140 can increase or decrease the distance between the first pusher 3110 and the second pusher 3120 in the pushing direction of the knife sleeve 120, so as to adapt to knife sleeves 120 of different sizes. Specifically, as Figure 7 As shown, the first pushing portion 3110 and the second pushing portion 3120 extend downward from the pushing portion base 3130 , and one of the two pushing portions (eg, the second pushing portion 3120 ) may be an integral structure with the pushing portion base 3130 .

[0057] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the central area of ​​the cutter disc 110 is concave downward, and the mounting seat 330 includes a mounting seat body 3310 and a mounting plate 3320. One end of the mounting seat body 3310 is mounted on the central area of ​​the cutter disc 110 through the mounting plate 3320, and a tool change seat 350 is mounted on the other end of the mounting seat body 3310. The bottom of the mounting seat body 3310 rises in a stepped manner from the mounting plate 3320 to the tool change seat 350. One end of the mounting seat body 3310 located in the central area of ​​the cutter disc 110 is its fixed end, and the other end is its suspended end. The central area of ​​the cutter disc 110 is concave downward, and the bottom of the mounting seat body 3310 rises in a stepped manner from its fixed end to the suspended end. Therefore, when the top of the mounting seat body 3310 keeps a substantially consistent height, the fixed end is thicker than the suspended end in the height direction, and thus the fixed end is heavier than the suspended end. The center of gravity of the mounting seat body 3310 is relatively close to the fixed end, and the installation of the entire mounting seat body 3310 is more secure.

[0058] See also Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 further includes a driving member 320 and a buffer 340 having a buffer head, the fixed end of the driving member 320 is connected to the mounting seat 330, the output end of the driving member 320 is connected to the pusher base 3130, and the driving member 320 includes a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor; the buffer 340 is installed on the tool changer seat 350, and the buffer head is located just in front of the direction in which the tool sleeve 120 is pushed out. The setting of the buffer 340 helps to reduce the impact and noise caused by the driving member 320. Specifically, the buffer 340 can use a hydraulic buffer with stable buffering performance.

[0059] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 8Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the tool changing system further includes a tool changing mechanism 20, that is, the tool changing system includes a disc tool magazine 10, a tool changing mechanism 20 and a tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30. The tool changing mechanism 20 includes a tool changing arm 210 that can rotate around its own center point, and the two ends of the tool changing arm 210 have clamping parts 2110; in one state of the tool changing arm 210, the clamping part 2110 is located below the tool changing seat 350. Specifically, in Figure 8 In the state shown, the clamping portion 2110 is located directly below the tool change seat 350. A second speed reducer 220 is also arranged below the tool change arm 210 to drive the tool change arm 210 to rotate.

[0060] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 6 Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510 are respectively provided with a guide portion 1311 and a guide portion 3511 at their extended ends. Figure 6 As shown, the sliding structure on the knife sleeve 120 includes a groove-shaped structure, and the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510 can be inserted into the sliding structure, and the cross-sections of the guide part 1311 of the first guide structure 1310 and the guide part 3511 of the second guide structure 3510 gradually become smaller along their own extension direction; or, the sliding structure includes a protrusion structure, and the sliding structure can be inserted into the first guide structure and the second guide structure, and the groove-shaped sections of the guide parts of the first guide structure and the second guide structure gradually become larger along their own extension direction.

[0061] The cooperation of the two guide structures such as the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510 with the sliding structure respectively belongs to the sliding pair formed by the slider and the slide groove. In order to make it easy for the slider to enter the slide groove and form a cooperation, guide parts (i.e., guide part 1311 and guide part 3511) are respectively provided at the corresponding ends of the two guide structures. The size relationship between the guide part and the sliding structure is configured so that a relatively small slider cooperates with a relatively large slide groove, thereby guiding a structure similar to a slider to enter a structure similar to a slide groove. In the case where the sliding structure includes a groove-type structure, the sliding structure is equivalent to the slide groove, and the first guide structure 1310 and the second guide structure 3510 are equivalent to the slider, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown; when the sliding structure includes a protruding structure, the sliding structure is equivalent to a slider, and the first guide structure and the second guide structure are equivalent to a slide groove.

[0062] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2As shown, the disc tool magazine 10 further includes a tool magazine mounting seat 140, and a tool disc connecting plate 1420 and a tool magazine base plate 1410 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the tool magazine mounting seat 140, and an escape space is provided between the tool disc connecting plate 1420 and the tool magazine base plate 1410. The escape space accommodates a first reducer 1430 for driving the tool disc 110 to rotate, thereby further making the structure of the entire disc tool magazine 10 compact.

[0063] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a CNC machine tool. The CNC machine tool comprises a spindle, a control system and a tool changing system as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein the control system is used to control the movement of the tool changing system and the spindle. Since the CNC machine tool adopts the tool changing system in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, it can also reduce unnecessary waiting and the number of parts required during the tool changing process, thereby improving the tool changing efficiency and reducing the manufacturing cost of the machine tool.

[0064] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a tool changing method for a CNC machine tool. The tool changing method for a CNC machine tool is applied to the CNC machine tool described in the above-mentioned second aspect embodiment, and the tool changing system of the CNC machine tool includes a tool changing mechanism 20, and the tool changing mechanism 20 includes a tool changing arm 210 that can rotate around its own center point, and the two ends of the tool changing arm 210 have a clamping portion 2110. The tool changing method for a CNC machine tool includes:

[0065] Step S110 : rotating the cutter disc 110 so that the cutter sleeve 120 where the target cutter is located corresponds to the pushing portion of the cutter sleeve conveying mechanism 30 .

[0066] Step S120 : the tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 pushes the target tool together with the tool sleeve 120 into the accommodating space 3501 of the tool changing seat 350 at one end of the tool changing arm 210 , and the spindle with the tool to be unloaded is moved to the tool changing position at the other end of the tool changing arm 210 .

[0067] It can be understood that the target tool is pushed into the accommodating space 3501 of the tool changing seat 350 (i.e., the tool sleeve is pushed out) and the spindle moves to the tool changing position at the other end of the tool changing arm 210 (i.e., the spindle moves) can be carried out simultaneously, or one after the other: the tool sleeve is pushed out first, or the spindle moves first.

[0068] In the case where the spindle moves first, the time sequence may be spindle movement, cutter head rotation, and tool holder push-out, or cutter head rotation, spindle movement, and tool holder push-out, or spindle movement and cutter head rotation at the same time, and then tool holder push-out. In the case where the spindle moves first, the spindle movement precedes the tool holder push-out, and the cutter head rotation precedes the tool holder push-out. Spindle movement and cutter head rotation may be performed simultaneously or one after the other.

[0069] When the tool holder is pushed out first, the chronological order may be the tool disc rotation, the tool holder push out and the spindle movement.

[0070] Step S130: The two ends of the tool changing arm 210 respectively clamp the target tool and the tool to be unloaded. The tool changing arm 210 descends a certain distance and rotates 180° around its own center point, so that the target tool is separated from the tool sleeve 120 and the empty tool sleeve 120 is left in the tool changing seat 350, and the positions of the target tool and the tool to be unloaded are exchanged.

[0071] Step S140: the tool change arm 210 rises and returns to the original height, the target tool is installed on the spindle, and the tool to be unloaded is installed in the tool sleeve 120 of the tool changer 350. Similarly, the tool to be unloaded enters the accommodating space of the tool changer and the target tool is installed on the spindle, both of which can be performed simultaneously or one after the other.

[0072] Step S150: The tool sleeve conveying mechanism 30 pushes the tool to be unloaded together with the tool sleeve 120 back to the cutter head 110, and the spindle returns. Similarly, the tool sleeve returns to the cutter head and the spindle returns, and both can be performed simultaneously or one after the other.

[0073] It is understandable that the above steps and the different actions in each step can be performed simultaneously or sequentially, provided that they are practical and feasible.

[0074] The above tool changing method greatly reduces the number of spindle movements, unnecessary waiting during tool changing (for example, clamping of the tool holder before ejection and confirmation of the clamping state) and the number of parts required, thereby improving tool changing efficiency and reducing the manufacturing cost of the machine tool.

[0075] The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A tool changing system, comprising a disc-type tool magazine, wherein the disc-type tool magazine comprises a tool disc, a tool sleeve seat distributed on the circumferential outer edge of the tool disc, and a tool sleeve arranged on the tool sleeve seat, characterized in that: The tool changing system also includes: The tool sleeve conveying mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a tool changing seat and a pushing member, wherein the mounting seat is fixed above the disc tool magazine, the tool changing seat is arranged on the mounting seat and has a receiving space for accommodating one tool sleeve, the pushing member is movably arranged on the mounting seat, and the pushing member is provided with a pushing portion cooperating with the tool sleeve; Among them, the tool sleeve seat has a first guide structure, the tool changing seat has a second guide structure, the tool sleeve has a sliding structure adapted to both the first guide structure and the second guide structure, and the pushing part is used to push the tool sleeve to switch between the first guide structure and the second guide structure.

2. The tool changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing portion includes a first pushing portion and a second pushing portion that are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first pushing portion and the second pushing portion define a space allowing one of the tool sleeves to pass through; a first guide structure on one of the tool sleeve seats among the plurality of tool sleeve seats can be flush with the second guide structure and a distance between the two is less than a length of the sliding structure.

3. The tool changing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting seat extends radially along the cutter disc, one end of the mounting seat is mounted on the central area of ​​the cutter disc, the other end of the mounting seat is located outside the cutter disc and is provided with the tool changing seat, the pushing portion also includes a pushing portion base, the pushing portion base is installed between the two ends of the mounting seat and can slide relative to the mounting seat, the first pushing portion and the second pushing portion are arranged below the pushing portion base.

4. The tool changing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A waist-shaped hole is provided on the pushing part base, and at least one of the first pushing part and the second pushing part is connected to the pushing part base through the cooperation of a threaded fastener and the waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is parallel to the direction from the first pushing part to the second pushing part.

5. The tool changing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool sleeve conveying mechanism also includes a driving member and a buffer having a buffer head, the fixed end of the driving member is connected to the mounting seat, the output end of the driving member is connected to the base of the pushing part, the driving member includes a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor; the buffer is installed on the tool changing seat, and the buffer head is located directly in front of the tool sleeve pushing direction.

6. The tool changing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central area of ​​the cutter disc is recessed downward, and the mounting seat includes a mounting seat body and a mounting plate, one end of the mounting seat body is mounted on the central area of ​​the cutter disc through the mounting plate, and the tool changing seat is mounted on the other end of the mounting seat body, and the bottom of the mounting seat body rises from the mounting plate to the tool changing seat in a stepped manner.

7. The tool changing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The tool changing system further comprises a tool changing mechanism, which comprises a tool changing arm capable of rotating around its own center point, and both ends of the tool changing arm are provided with clamping parts; in one state of the tool changing arm, the clamping part is located below the tool changing seat.

8. The tool changing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first guide structure and the second guide structure are respectively provided with guide parts at their extended ends; Wherein, the sliding structure comprises a groove structure, the first guide structure and the second guide structure can be plugged into the sliding structure, and the cross-sections of the guide parts of the first guide structure and the second guide structure gradually decrease along their extension directions; or, The sliding structure includes a protruding structure, and the sliding structure can be plugged into the first guiding structure and the second guiding structure. The groove sections of the guide parts of the first guiding structure and the second guiding structure gradually increase along their extension directions.

9. A numerically controlled machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spindle, a control system and a tool changing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control system is used to control the movement of the tool changing system and the spindle.

10. A tool changing method for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: Applied to the CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 9, wherein the tool changing system of the CNC machine tool comprises a tool changing mechanism, wherein the tool changing mechanism comprises a tool changing arm that can rotate around its own center point, and wherein both ends of the tool changing arm have clamping parts, and the tool changing method of the CNC machine tool comprises: Rotating the tool disc so that the tool sleeve where the target tool is located corresponds to the pushing portion of the tool sleeve conveying mechanism; The tool sleeve conveying mechanism pushes the target tool together with the tool sleeve into the accommodating space of the tool change seat at one end of the tool change arm, and the spindle with the tool to be unloaded is moved to the tool change position at the other end of the tool change arm; The two ends of the tool changing arm respectively clamp the target tool and the tool to be unloaded, and the tool changing arm descends a certain distance and rotates 180 degrees around its own center point, so that the target tool is separated from the tool sleeve and the empty tool sleeve is left in the tool changing seat, and the positions of the target tool and the tool to be unloaded are exchanged; The tool changing arm rises and returns to the original height, the target tool is installed on the spindle, and the tool to be unloaded is installed in the tool sleeve of the tool changing seat; The tool sleeve conveying mechanism pushes the tool to be unloaded together with the tool sleeve back to the tool disc, and the spindle returns.

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