A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration, which relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue resources and soil ecological restoration, and includes the following steps: pretreatment of coal gangue: first crushing and screening the coal gangue through 100 meshes, and then air-drying the coal gangue, and mixing and adjusting the air-dried coal gangue and a regulator according to a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue. The invention makes the coal gangue effectively adjust the pH value of the soil and improve the soil structure by pretreatment (crushing, screening and air-drying) of the coal gangue and proper proportioning with the soil. The coal gangue is rich in minerals and trace elements, and can provide nutrients for plants in the restoration process, promote plant growth, and improve the fertility of the soil and the quality of the ecological environment by combining the coal gangue and organic fertilizers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue resources and soil ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] Coal gangue is solid waste discharged during the coal mining and coal washing processes. It is a black-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal that accompanies the coal seam during the coal formation process. It includes excavation gangue during tunnel excavation, gangue mined from the roof, floor and interlayer during mining, and washed gangue picked out during coal washing.

[0003] In the prior art, it is difficult to improve soil fertilizer efficiency and the soil conditioning effect of coal gangue in the soil is poor, which limits the application efficiency of coal gangue. Based on this, the present invention further improves it. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: The present invention provides a method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration, comprising the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0006] Preferably, the stirring speed of the stirring adjustment treatment is 450-500 r / min, and the stirring is for 1 hour.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the fertilizer agent is: S01: 10-15 parts of straw, 2-5 parts of wood ash, and 3-5 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 10-15 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0008] Preferably, the fermentation bacteria agent is prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1, and the fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the regulator is: S11: Stir 2-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2-3 parts of lanthanum chloride solution to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0010] Preferably, the sodium alginate solution is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 2-4%.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring temperature of the stirring treatment is 60-65° C., the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring is for 1 hour.

[0012] Preferably, the montmorillonite agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of montmorillonite, 1-2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 4-7 parts of urea solution and 1-2 parts of nano-silica sol.

[0013] Preferably, the mass fraction of the urea solution is 2-5%.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention pre-treats the gangue (crushing, screening and air-drying) and mixes it with the soil in an appropriate ratio, so that the gangue can effectively adjust the pH value of the soil and improve the soil structure. The gangue is rich in minerals and trace elements, and can provide nutrients for plants and promote plant growth during the restoration process. By combining the gangue and organic fertilizers, the soil fertility and ecological environment quality are improved.

[0015] The combination of coal gangue and organic fertilizer not only realizes the resource utilization of coal gangue and avoids its pollution to the environment, but also provides sufficient nutrients for plants by adjusting the pH value of the soil and improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing the function of the soil ecosystem. The method can effectively treat barren soil, improve the environmental quality of the soil, and provide new resource support for agricultural production; the coal gangue composition obtained by using the fertilizer agent and the regulator of the present invention is used to condition the soil, and at the same time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer agent is mixed with a variety of raw materials to optimize the soil organic matrix, and after fermentation by the fermentation agent, the raw material nutrients of the product are more easily blended into the soil system, and at the same time, the nano-titanium dioxide-based regulator in the regulator is combined with a specific montmorillonite agent to enhance the soil heavy metal remediation efficiency and soil fertilizer efficiency, and the performance effect of the product can be significantly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0018] The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment process in this embodiment is 450-500 r / min, and the stirring is for 1 hour.

[0019] The preparation method of the fertilizer agent of the present embodiment is: S01: 10-15 parts of straw, 2-5 parts of wood ash, and 3-5 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 10-15 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0020] The fermentation bacteria in this embodiment are prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0021] The preparation method of the regulator of this embodiment is: S11: Stir 2-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2-3 parts of lanthanum chloride solution to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0022] The sodium alginate solution in this embodiment is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 2-4%.

[0023] The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment in this embodiment is 60-65° C., the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0024] The montmorillonite agent of this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of montmorillonite, 1-2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 4-7 parts of urea solution and 1-2 parts of nano-silica sol.

[0025] The mass fraction of the urea solution in this embodiment is 2-5%.

[0026] Example 1. A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0027] The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment process in this embodiment is 450 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0028] The preparation method of the fertilizer agent of the present embodiment is: S01: 10 parts of straw, 2 parts of wood ash, and 3 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 10 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0029] The fermentation bacteria in this embodiment are prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0030] The preparation method of the regulator of this embodiment is: S11: 2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 3 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2 parts of lanthanum chloride solution are stirred to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0031] The sodium alginate solution in this embodiment is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 2%.

[0032] The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment in this embodiment is 60° C., the stirring speed is 500 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0033] The montmorillonite agent of this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of montmorillonite, 1 part of hydroxyapatite, 4 parts of urea solution and 1 part of nano-silica sol.

[0034] The mass fraction of the urea solution in this embodiment is 2%.

[0035] Example 2. A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0036] The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment process in this embodiment is 500 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0037] The preparation method of the fertilizer agent of the present embodiment is: S01: 15 parts of straw, 5 parts of wood ash, and 5 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 15 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0038] The fermentation bacteria in this embodiment are prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0039] The preparation method of the regulator of this embodiment is: S11: 4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 3 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of sodium alginate solution and 3 parts of lanthanum chloride solution are stirred to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0040] The sodium alginate solution in this embodiment is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 4%.

[0041] The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment in this embodiment is 65° C., the stirring speed is 700 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0042] The montmorillonite agent of this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of montmorillonite, 2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 7 parts of urea solution and 2 parts of nano-silica sol.

[0043] The mass fraction of the urea solution in this embodiment is 5%.

[0044] Example 3. A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0045] The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment process in this embodiment is 470 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0046] The preparation method of the fertilizer agent of the present embodiment is: S01: 12.5 parts of straw, 3.5 parts of wood ash, and 4 parts of mushroom residue were crushed, and then mixed with 12.5 parts of livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0047] The fermentation bacteria in this embodiment are prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0048] The preparation method of the regulator of this embodiment is: S11: 3 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 4 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2.5 parts of lanthanum chloride solution are stirred to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0049] The sodium alginate solution in this embodiment is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 3%.

[0050] The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment in this embodiment is 62.5° C., the stirring speed is 600 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0051] The montmorillonite agent of this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of montmorillonite, 1.5 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5.5 parts of urea solution and 1.5 parts of nano-silica sol.

[0052] The mass fraction of the urea solution in this embodiment is 3.5%.

[0053] Example 4. A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

[0054] The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment process in this embodiment is 460 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0055] The preparation method of the fertilizer agent of the present embodiment is: S01: 12 parts of straw, 3 parts of wood ash, and 4 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 12 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

[0056] The fermentation bacteria in this embodiment are prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

[0057] The preparation method of the regulator of this embodiment is: S11: 3 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 4 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2 parts of lanthanum chloride solution are stirred to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

[0058] The sodium alginate solution in this embodiment is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 3%.

[0059] The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment in this embodiment is 62° C., the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

[0060] The montmorillonite agent of this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of montmorillonite, 2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5 parts of urea solution and 1 part of nano-silica sol.

[0061] The mass fraction of the urea solution in this embodiment is 3%.

[0062] Comparative Example 1. The difference from Example 3 is that no regulator was added.

[0063] Comparative Example 2. The difference from Example 3 is that no montmorillonite agent is added to the regulator.

[0064] Comparative Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that no montmorillonite or hydroxyapatite is added to the montmorillonite agent.

[0065] Comparative Example 4. The difference from Example 3 is that no nano-silica sol is added to the montmorillonite agent, and the urea solution is replaced by water.

[0066] Comparative Example 5. The difference from Example 3 is that no nano titanium dioxide liquid is added to the nano titanium dioxide regulator.

[0067] Comparative Example 6. The difference from Example 3 is that the fertilizer agent is not fermented with a fermentation agent.

[0068] The product performance of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention was tested. Corn was planted in the soil conditioned by the products of the present invention, and the N absorption (g) in the corn stalks was tested. The test results are as follows:

[0069] It can be seen from Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 that the products of Examples 1-4 of the present invention have excellent heavy metal chromium removal rates, while adjusting the soil pH value and optimizing the absorption of corn nutrients; No regulator was added to the product, and the performance of the product showed a significant trend of deterioration; no montmorillonite agent was added to the regulator, montmorillonite and hydroxyapatite were not added to the montmorillonite agent, nano-silica sol was not added to the montmorillonite agent, urea solution was replaced by water, nano-titanium dioxide liquid was not added to the nano-titanium dioxide regulator, and the fertilizer agent was not fermented with a fermentation agent. The performance of the products showed a trend of deterioration. The product raw materials obtained by the specific method of the present invention had the most significant product performance effect.

[0070] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0071] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: pretreatment of coal gangue: crush the coal gangue, sieve through 100 mesh, and then air-dry it, and stir and adjust the air-dried coal gangue and the regulator in a weight ratio of 5:3 to obtain adjusted coal gangue; Step 2, mixing the adjusted coal gangue and fertilizer agent in a weight ratio of 2:5 to obtain a coal gangue composition; Step three: add the gangue composition into the soil to be treated in a weight ratio of 3:10 and stir evenly to complete the soil ecological restoration.

2. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the stirring adjustment treatment is 450-500 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

3. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fertilizer agent is: S01: 10-15 parts of straw, 2-5 parts of wood ash, and 3-5 parts of mushroom residue are crushed, and then mixed with 10-15 parts of poultry and livestock manure to obtain a mixed material; S02: ferment the mixture and fermentation agent in a weight ratio of 10:3, and obtain a fertilizer agent after the fermentation is completed.

4. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation bacteria agent is prepared by mixing lactobacillus and yeast in a weight ratio of 3:

1. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation treatment is 50° C. and the fermentation time is 10 hours.

5. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the regulator is: S11: Stir 2-4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate solution and 2-3 parts of lanthanum chloride solution to obtain nano titanium dioxide solution; S12: adding tourmaline powder into the nano titanium dioxide liquid in a weight ratio of 2:5 and stirring, and completing the stirring to obtain a nano titanium dioxide-based regulator; S13: Mix the nano-titanium dioxide regulator and the montmorillonite agent in a weight ratio of 5:3 and perform ball milling at a ball milling speed of 1000 r / min for 1 h. After the ball milling is completed, filter and dry to obtain the regulator.

6. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sodium alginate solution is a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 5%; the mass fraction of the lanthanum chloride solution is 2-4%.

7. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring temperature of the stirring treatment is 60-65° C., the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring is performed for 1 hour.

8. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The montmorillonite agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of montmorillonite, 1-2 parts of hydroxyapatite, 4-7 parts of urea solution and 1-2 parts of nano silica sol.

9. The method for applying coal gangue to soil ecological restoration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the urea solution is 2-5%.

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