Tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil improvement. A tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator comprises the following components by weight: 1.3-2.3 parts of inorganic nutrients, 58-66 parts of organic materials, 0.2-0.8 parts of composite microbial agents, 15-25 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.4-1.0 parts of inhibitors, 2-3 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 10-15 parts of humic acid, and 0.2-0.8 parts of auxin; the inorganic nutrients include medium elements and trace elements, the medium elements include calcium and magnesium, and the trace elements include boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron, and zinc; the composite microbial agents include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma aurea, Aspergillus tubingensis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus. In this application, through the coordinated use of various components, the soil fertilizer structure and function are optimized, the soil ecology is effectively regulated, the improvement of the soil environment for continuous tobacco cropping is achieved, and the role of long-term improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil is played.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As my country's tobacco agriculture gradually develops in the direction of scale and intensification, continuous cropping has become an inevitable choice for most tobacco-producing areas. However, tobacco is an economic crop that cannot be cropped continuously. With the increase of planting years, the quality of tobacco products and the quality of tobacco continuous cropping soil will decline, and soil-borne diseases will be greatly aggravated, seriously affecting the high quality and sustainable production of tobacco. The problem of continuous cropping soil in tobacco is a common soil degradation phenomenon in tobacco cultivation, which is mainly manifested in the decline of soil fertility, the increase of pests and diseases, and the change of soil pH, which seriously affects the growth and yield of tobacco. At present, there are more and more studies on the restoration of continuous cropping obstacles to tobacco at home and abroad. The main restoration methods include adjusting the planting pattern, scientific fertilization, biological control, physical and chemical control, and cultivating disease-resistant varieties. However, crop rotation inevitably requires fallow, which will affect the annual output of the tobacco industry, and intercropping technology requires more sophisticated management, including different planting times, different management measures, etc., which increase the difficulty and cost of management and easily lead to the phenomenon of broken ridges and lack of seedlings; and scientific fertilization is different in different regions due to the long-term fertilization, and the background nutrient content of tobacco-growing soil is also different, making it difficult to achieve precise fertilization; the problem faced by biological control is that the root background microenvironment has ecological competition and antagonism with the exogenous added bacteria, which will affect the fixed value effect of the bacteria; and physical and chemical control, including fumigation treatment, high temperature sterilization, etc., are prone to ecological safety problems, causing environmental pollution, and the sterilization effect on deep soil is not obvious, and other beneficial microorganisms in the soil may also be killed; and cultivating disease-resistant varieties is time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, and difficult to implement. How to improve soil health and reduce continuous cropping obstacles has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Based on this, the present application proposes a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing technology is difficult to achieve in repairing tobacco continuous cropping obstacles.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application proposes a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator, which comprises the following components by weight:

[0005] 1.3-2.3 parts of inorganic nutrients, 58-66 parts of organic materials, 0.2-0.8 parts of composite microbial agents, 15-25 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.4-1.0 parts of inhibitors, 2-3 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 10-15 parts of humic acid and 0.2-0.8 parts of auxin;

[0006] The inorganic nutrients include secondary elements and trace elements, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium, and the trace elements include boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron and zinc;

[0007] The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma aureum, Aspergillus tubingensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus.

[0008] Optionally, the components include, by weight:

[0009] 1.8 parts of inorganic nutrients, 62 parts of organic materials, 0.5 parts of composite microbial agents, 20 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.7 parts of inhibitors, 2.5 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 12 parts of humic acid and 0.5 parts of growth hormone.

[0010] Optionally, the raw materials of the inorganic nutrients include, by weight: 0.3-0.4 parts of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.16-0.20 parts of MnSO4·H2O, 0.16-0.20 parts of H3BO3, (NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.16-0.20 parts and ZnCl2 0.16-0.20 parts.

[0011] Optionally, the organic material is a fermentation product of straw and livestock manure;

[0012] The preparation steps of the organic material include:

[0013] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0014] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0015] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 50-65%, composting is carried out for 45-60 days. After the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained.

[0016] Optionally, the composite microbial agent comprises, by weight:

[0017] 0.06-0.1 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus gelatinosa, 0.04-0.1 parts of Pseudomonas, 0.04-0.1 parts of Trichoderma aureum, 0.04-0.1 parts of Aspergillus tubingensis and 0.04-0.1 parts of Paecilomyces lilacinus.

[0018] Optionally, the inhibitors include urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors; the urease inhibitors include n-butylthiophosphoric triamide, nitrogen phosphoramide, triazine compounds, pyridine compounds and quercetin; the nitrification inhibitors include dichlorodifluorophenylpyrimidine, thiourea compounds, chlorothioxanthene, nitrogen acylates and acrylamine compounds.

[0019] Optionally, the auxin comprises at least two of naphthylacetic acid, gibberellins, indoleacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid and methyl metabolites.

[0020] The present application also proposes a method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The organic material is dried, cooled, and then crushed, and then the remaining components are added, mixed and stirred to obtain a tobacco continuous crop soil regulator.

[0022] Optionally, in the step of drying the organic material, the drying temperature is 80-90° C., and the moisture content of the organic material after drying is controlled to be less than 10%.

[0023] Optionally, after the step of mixing and stirring, the process further comprises:

[0024] The mixed and stirred materials are sieved through a 4-6 mesh sieve.

[0025] This application includes at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present application starts from the soil ecological regulation level, and adopts inorganic nutrients, organic materials, composite microbial agents, calcium-based bentonite, inhibitors, urea-formaldehyde, humic acid and auxin as raw materials of soil regulators. Inorganic nutrients include medium elements and trace elements, among which calcium is not only an important component of plant structure, but also has the function of enzyme auxiliary factor, which is helpful for the normal physiological activities of plants. Magnesium is one of the key components of chlorophyll and is essential for plant photosynthesis. Trace elements such as boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron and zinc have a significant effect on the growth and quality improvement of tobacco, and can also improve the acidic soil environment of tobacco fields; organic materials help to increase the organic matter content in the soil and effectively improve the soil structure of tobacco fields; composite microbial agents include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma dark green, Aspergillus tubingensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Through the synergistic effect of multiple strains, the rhizosphere soil enzyme activity can be enhanced, the soil physical and chemical properties and microbial community structure can be improved, and the photosynthetic efficiency and root nutrition of tobacco can be promoted. The urea-formaldehyde fertilizer can improve soil structure, increase soil water retention and air permeability, and regulate soil pH to maintain a suitable pH value in tobacco fields. Urea-formaldehyde is a slow-release fertilizer whose nitrogen can be used for microbial energy consumption. When used in combination with inhibitors, urea-formaldehyde can reduce the volatilization of urea and the loss of nitrogen during nitrification, and slow down the release rate of nitrogen, so that nitrogen fertilizer can provide nutrition to tobacco for a longer time. Tobacco can obtain nitrogen from the soil for a longer time, thereby increasing tobacco growth and yield. The active groups inside humic acid can combine with nitrogen in urea-formaldehyde, effectively reducing the volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer and further prolonging the fertilizer effect. At the same time, humic acid can provide a favorable living environment for the reproduction of composite microbial agents and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. It has a significant stimulating effect on the growth and physiological metabolism of tobacco, and can effectively promote the development of tobacco roots. Auxin can comprehensively promote the growth of tobacco roots, stems, leaves and other parts, and significantly improve tobacco yield and quality. The soil regulator of the present application is rich in a variety of organic substances and bioactive ingredients, and a series of beneficial soil bacteria are added, which increases the diversity and quantity of microbial flora in the soil and promotes the slow release of trace elements. Through the coordinated use of the various components in the present application, the soil fertilizer structure and function are optimized, the soil ecology is effectively regulated, the improvement of the soil environment for continuous tobacco cropping is achieved, and the long-term improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil is achieved. Compared with the environmental pollution and ecological safety hazards that may be caused by traditional fumigation treatment and high-temperature sterilization methods, the present application meets the dual requirements of soil disinfection and ecological protection and realizes sustainable agricultural development. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator, which comprises the following components by weight:

[0029] 1.3-2.3 parts of inorganic nutrients, 58-66 parts of organic materials, 0.2-0.8 parts of composite microbial agents, 15-25 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.4-1.0 parts of inhibitors, 2-3 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 10-15 parts of humic acid and 0.2-0.8 parts of auxin;

[0030] The inorganic nutrients include secondary elements and trace elements, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium, and the trace elements include boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron and zinc;

[0031] The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma aureum, Aspergillus tubingensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus.

[0032] Due to the decline in soil fertility, the increase in pests and diseases, and the change in soil pH, tobacco growth and yield are seriously affected. This application starts from the soil ecological regulation level and uses inorganic nutrients, organic materials, composite microbial agents, calcium-based bentonite, inhibitors, urea-formaldehyde, humic acid and auxin as raw materials for soil regulators. Inorganic nutrients include medium and trace elements, among which calcium is not only an important component of plant structure, but also has the function of an enzyme cofactor, which is helpful for the normal physiological activities of plants. Magnesium is one of the key components of chlorophyll and is beneficial to the growth of tobacco. Plant photosynthesis is crucial, and trace elements such as boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron, and zinc have a significant effect on the growth and quality of tobacco, and can also improve the acidic soil environment of tobacco fields; organic materials help to increase the organic matter content in the soil and effectively improve the soil structure of tobacco fields; composite microbial agents include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma aureum, Aspergillus tubingensis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Through the synergistic effect of multiple strains, they can enhance the activity of rhizosphere soil enzymes, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the microbial environment, and improve the soil's soil microbial and soil quality. The structure of the plant community can promote the photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco and the absorption of nutrients by the roots, thereby increasing tobacco yield; calcium-based bentonite can improve soil structure, increase soil water retention and air permeability, and regulate soil pH to maintain the appropriate pH value of tobacco field soil; urea-formaldehyde is a slow-release fertilizer whose nitrogen element can be used for microbial energy consumption. When urea-formaldehyde is used in combination with inhibitors, it can reduce the volatilization of urea and the loss of nitrogen during nitrification, and slow down the release rate of nitrogen, so that nitrogen fertilizer can provide nutrition to tobacco for a longer time, and tobacco can be used for a longer time. It obtains nitrogen from the soil, thereby improving the growth and yield of tobacco; the active groups inside humic acid can combine with the nitrogen in urea-formaldehyde, effectively reducing the volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer and further prolonging the fertilizer effect. At the same time, humic acid can provide a favorable living environment for the reproduction of composite microbial agents and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. It has a significant stimulating effect on the growth and physiological metabolism of tobacco, and can effectively promote the development of tobacco roots; and auxin can comprehensively promote the growth of various parts of tobacco, such as roots, stems, and leaves, and significantly improve the yield and quality of tobacco. The soil regulator of the present application is rich in a variety of organic substances and bioactive ingredients, and a series of beneficial soil bacteria are added, which increases the diversity and quantity of microbial flora in the soil and promotes the slow release of trace elements. Through the coordinated use of the various components in the present application, the soil fertilizer structure and function are optimized, the soil ecology is effectively regulated, the improvement of the soil environment for continuous tobacco cropping is achieved, and the long-term improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil is achieved. Compared with the environmental pollution and ecological safety hazards that may be caused by traditional fumigation treatment and high-temperature sterilization methods, the present application meets the dual requirements of soil disinfection and ecological protection and realizes sustainable agricultural development.

[0033] As an implementation method of the present application, the components include, by weight:

[0034] 1.8 parts of inorganic nutrients, 62 parts of organic materials, 0.5 parts of composite microbial agents, 20 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.7 parts of inhibitors, 2.5 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 12 parts of humic acid and 0.5 parts of growth hormone.

[0035] The present application has been verified through experiments that when the soil regulator prepared by the above-mentioned weight portions is applied to the soil, it has a significant effect of promoting tobacco growth, increasing yield and reducing the incidence of diseases, especially showing good effects in reducing the incidence and prevention of tobacco black shank disease.

[0036] As an implementation method of the present application, the raw materials of the inorganic nutrients include, by weight: 0.3-0.4 parts of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.16-0.20 parts of MnSO4·H2O, 0.16-0.20 parts of H3BO3, (NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.16-0.20 parts and ZnCl2 0.16-0.20 parts.

[0037] Preferably, the raw materials of the inorganic nutrients include, by weight: 0.36 parts of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.36 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.36 parts of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.18 parts of MnSO4·H2O, 0.18 parts of H3BO3, 0.18 parts of (NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.18 parts and ZnCl2 0.18 parts.

[0038] As an implementation method of the present application, the organic material is a fermentation product of straw and livestock manure;

[0039] The preparation steps of the organic material include:

[0040] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0041] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0042] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 50-65%, composting is carried out for 45-60 days. After the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, the straw can be selected from crop straws such as corn straw, rape straw, and rice straw, and the livestock manure can be selected from one or more of chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, cow manure, and sheep manure. By crushing the straw to a length of less than 2 cm and crushing the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm, and then mixing, it is beneficial to control the dry weight ratio. The main function of controlling the dry weight ratio during the composting fermentation process is to adjust the C / N ratio and humidity of the compost. If the C / N ratio is too high, the composting fermentation speed will slow down or even stop; if the C / N ratio is too low, it may cause odor and attract pests. By controlling the dry weight ratio and adjusting the C / N ratio in the raw material, the smooth progress of composting fermentation can be ensured; and humidity is also an important factor affecting the composting effect. If the compost is too dry, it will affect the fermentation speed; if the compost is too wet, it may cause odor. Therefore, the present application controls the dry weight ratio of the mixture to 5:1, and adjusts the moisture content to 50-65% before fermentation, which can ensure the smooth progress of composting fermentation.

[0044] As an implementation method of the present application, the composite microbial agent includes, by weight:

[0045] 0.06-0.1 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus gelatinosa, 0.04-0.1 parts of Pseudomonas, 0.04-0.1 parts of Trichoderma aureum, 0.04-0.1 parts of Aspergillus tubingensis and 0.04-0.1 parts of Paecilomyces lilacinus.

[0046] Specifically, Bacillus subtilis has the functions of enhancing crop stress resistance, fixing nitrogen and inhibiting soil pathogens; Bacillus licheniformis can improve tobacco's disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance, improve soil structure, increase fertilizer utilization rate and promote organic matter decomposition; Bacillus gelatinosa can dissolve potassium and release a variety of trace elements; Pseudomonas can form a symbiotic relationship with tobacco and inhibit the growth of pathogens; Trichoderma aureum can inhibit the growth of pathogens through a variety of mechanisms and prevent and control soil-borne diseases; Paecilomyces lilacinus can decompose and transform organic matter, improve soil acidity and alkalinity, reduce heavy metal toxicity, and improve tobacco crop root development and stress resistance. Through the synergistic effect of a series of strains, not only the diversity and quantity of beneficial microbial flora in the soil are increased, but also the soil enzyme activity can be enhanced, the soil physical and chemical properties can be improved, and the quality and yield of tobacco crops can be increased.

[0047] As an implementation method of the present application, the inhibitors include urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors; the urease inhibitors include n-butylthiophosphoric triamide, nitrogen phosphoramide, triazine compounds, pyridine compounds and quercetin; the nitrification inhibitors include dichlorodifluorophenylpyrimidine, thiourea compounds, chlorothioxanthene, nitrogen acylates and acrylamine compounds.

[0048] The urease inhibitor of the present application is a mixture of n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, nitrogen phosphoramide, triazine compounds, pyridine compounds and quercetin. n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide can inhibit the urease activity in the soil and reduce the decomposition of urea, thereby reducing the volatilization of ammonia and increasing the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen phosphoramide delays the hydrolysis process of urea, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. Triazine compounds reduce the decomposition of urea by interfering with the active site of urease. Pyridine compounds reduce the hydrolysis of urea by affecting the catalytic mechanism of urease. Quercetin, as a natural ingredient, can inhibit the activity of urease by combining with it or changing its structure. By using n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, nitrogen phosphoramide, triazine compounds, pyridine compounds and quercetin in combination, the urease inhibitor of the present application can reduce the activity of soil urease in hydrolyzing urea, slow down the hydrolysis rate and ineffective decomposition of urea, and at the same time change the redox conditions of the soil microecological environment to reduce the activity of soil urea.

[0049] Specifically, the triazine compound may include trichlorocyanamide, fluorouracil and chlorocyanotriazine; the pyridine compound may include pyridine-2-amine, pyridine-3-amine, pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid and pyridine-4-carboxylic acid.

[0050] The nitrification inhibitor of the present application adopts a mixture of dichlorodifluorobenzene, thiourea compounds, chlorothioxanthate, nitrogen acylate and acrylamide compounds. Dichlorodifluorobenzene can slow down the oxidation conversion process of ammonia and inhibit the rate of ammonia conversion to nitrate by inhibiting the nitrifying enzyme activity in nitrifying bacteria. Thiourea compounds (such as thiourea, chlorourea, etc.) can reduce the rate of nitrogen conversion to nitrate by inhibiting nitrifying bacteria in the soil. Chlorthioxanthate can selectively inhibit Nitrosomonas, which is a key microorganism involved in the ammonia nitrogen oxidation process. Chlorthioxanthate reduces the nitrification process by inhibiting the activity of this microorganism. Nitrogen acylate can combine with the enzyme system in nitrifying bacteria to inhibit its function, thereby slowing down nitrification. Acrylamide compounds can interfere with the metabolic process of nitrifying bacteria and reduce the generation of nitrite and nitrate. By using dichlorodifluorobenzene, thiourea compounds, chlorothioxanthene, nitrogen acylates and acrylamine compounds in combination, the nitrification inhibitor of the present application can inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria, hinder the conversion of ammonium ions into nitrite and nitrate ions, and make nitrogen fertilizer exist in the form of ammonium nitrogen for a longer time for crop utilization. At the same time, it can also activate the fixed phosphorus in the soil and increase the absorption of phosphorus.

[0051] Specifically, the thiourea compound may be thiourea or chlorourea; the nitrogen acylate may be N-ethyl-2-nitro-5-chlorobenzamide; and the acrylamine compound may be 2-chloroallylamine or N-(2-chloroethyl)allylamine.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present application, the auxin includes at least two of naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid and methyl metabolites.

[0053] Auxin plays a vital role in tobacco planting. The auxin of the present application adopts at least two of naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid and methyl metabolites. The methyl metabolites can adopt methyl indoleacetic acid, methylphenylacetic acid, methyl indole-3-acetic acid and methyl indoleethanol. Although the methyl metabolites are different from natural indoleacetic acid in chemical structure, they can still play a similar physiological effect and promote the elongation, growth and division of crop cells. Through the use of auxin, the growth of various parts of tobacco such as roots, stems, and leaves can be comprehensively promoted, and the yield and quality of tobacco can be significantly improved.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator, comprising the following steps:

[0055] The organic material is dried, cooled, and then crushed, and then the remaining components are added, mixed and stirred to obtain a tobacco continuous crop soil regulator.

[0056] As an implementation method of the present application, in the step of drying the organic material, the drying temperature is 80-90° C., and the moisture content of the organic material after drying is controlled to be less than 10%.

[0057] As an implementation method of the present application, after the step of mixing and stirring, the following steps may be further included:

[0058] The mixed and stirred materials are sieved through a 4-6 mesh screen. After sieving, a fine powder product can be obtained, and the sieved soil regulator is bagged for storage and use.

[0059] In the specific implementation process, the soil regulator of the present application can be used as a base fertilizer during land preparation and evenly mixed with the soil during land preparation.

[0060] The above technical solution of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator comprises the following steps:

[0063] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0064] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0065] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 57%, composting and fermenting for 52 days, after the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained;

[0066] 62 kg of organic material was dried at 85 °C, and the moisture content of the dried organic material was controlled to be less than 10%. After cooling, it was crushed, and then 0.36 kg of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.36 kg of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.36 kg of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.18 kg of MnSO4·H2O, 0.18 kg of H3BO3, and (NH4)Mo7O were added. 24 0.18 kg of 4H2O, 0.18 kg of ZnCl2, 0.08 kg of Bacillus subtilis, 0.07 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.07 kg of Bacillus gelatinus, 0.07 kg of Pseudomonas, 0.07 kg of Trichoderma aureum, 0.07 kg of Aspergillus tubingensis, 0.07 kg of Paecilomyces lilacinus, 20 kg of calcium-based bentonite, 0.3 kg of urease inhibitor, 0.4 kg of nitrification inhibitor, 2.5 kg of urea-formaldehyde, 12 kg of humic acid, 0.2 kg of naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.3 kg of gibberellin are mixed and stirred, and then sieved through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator;

[0067] The urease inhibitor is a mixture of 0.08 kg of n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, 0.06 kg of nitrogen phosphoramide, 0.04 kg of triazine compounds, 0.08 kg of pyridine compounds and 0.04 kg of quercetin;

[0068] The nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 0.13 kg of dichlorodifluorobenzene, 0.12 kg of thiourea compounds, 0.08 kg of chlorothioxanthene, 0.05 kg of nitrogen acylate and 0.02 kg of acrylamine compounds.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] A method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator comprises the following steps:

[0071] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0072] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0073] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 50%, composting and fermenting for 45 days, after the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained;

[0074] 58 kg of organic material was dried at 80 °C, and the moisture content of the dried organic material was controlled to be less than 10%. After cooling, it was crushed, and then 0.3 kg of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.3 kg of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.3 kg of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.16 kg of MnSO4·H2O, 0.16 kg of H3BO3, and (NH4)Mo7O were added. 24 0.16 kg of 4H2O, 0.16 kg of ZnCl2, 0.06 kg of Bacillus subtilis, 0.04-0.1 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.04-0.1 kg of Bacillus gelatinus, 0.04 kg of Pseudomonas, 0.04 kg of Trichoderma aureum, 0.04 kg of Aspergillus tubingensis, 0.04 kg of Paecilomyces lilacinus, 15 kg of calcium-based bentonite, 0.2 kg of urease inhibitor, 0.2 kg of nitrification inhibitor, 2 kg of urea-formaldehyde, 10 kg of humic acid, 0.1 kg of indoleacetic acid and 0.1 kg of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are mixed and stirred, and then sieved through a 4-mesh sieve to obtain a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator;

[0075] The urease inhibitor is a mixture of 0.05 kg of n-butyl thiophosphoric acid triamide, 0.05 kg of nitrogen phosphoramide, 0.05 kg of triazine compounds, 0.03 kg of pyridine compounds and 0.02 kg of quercetin;

[0076] The nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 0.06 kg of dichlorodifluorobenzene, 0.05 kg of thiourea compounds, 0.05 kg of chlorothioxanthene, 0.02 kg of nitrogen acylate and 0.02 kg of acrylamine compounds.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] A method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator comprises the following steps:

[0079] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0080] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0081] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 65%, composting and fermenting for 60 days, after the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained;

[0082] 66 kg of organic material was dried at 90°C, and the moisture content of the dried organic material was controlled to be less than 10%. After cooling, it was crushed, and then 0.4 kg of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.4 kg of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.4 kg of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.20 kg of MnSO4·H2O, 0.20 kg of H3BO3, and (NH4)Mo7O were added. 24 0.20kg of 4H2O, 0.20kg of ZnCl2, 0.1kg of Bacillus subtilis, 0.1kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.1kg of Bacillus gelatinus, 0.1kg of Pseudomonas, 0.1kg of Trichoderma aureum, 0.1kg of Aspergillus tubingensis, 0.1kg of Paecilomyces lilacinus, 25kg of calcium-based bentonite, 0.5kg of urease inhibitor, 0.5kg of nitrification inhibitor, 3kg of urea-formaldehyde, 15kg of humic acid, 0.4kg of gibberellin and 0.4kg of phenylacetic acid are mixed and stirred, and then sieved through a 6-mesh sieve to obtain a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator;

[0083] The urease inhibitor is a mixture of 0.15 kg of n-butyl thiophosphoric acid triamide, 0.12 kg of nitrogen phosphoramide, 0.1 kg of triazine compounds, 0.08 kg of pyridine compounds and 0.05 kg of quercetin;

[0084] The nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 0.14 kg of dichlorodifluorobenzene, 0.1 kg of thiourea compounds, 0.1 kg of chlorothioxanthene, 0.1 kg of nitrogen acylate and 0.06 kg of acrylamine compounds.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] A method for preparing a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator comprises the following steps:

[0087] Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm;

[0088] The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1;

[0089] The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 60%, composting and fermenting for 50 days, after the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained;

[0090] 60 kg of organic material was dried at 82 °C, and the moisture content of the dried organic material was controlled to be less than 10%. After cooling, it was crushed, and then 0.32 kg of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.32 kg of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.32 kg of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.19 kg of MnSO4·H2O, 0.16 kg of H3BO3, and (NH4)Mo7O were added. 24 0.18 kg of 4H2O, 0.18 kg of ZnCl2, 0.07 kg of Bacillus subtilis, 0.07 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.07 kg of Bacillus gelatinus, 0.05 kg of Pseudomonas, 0.06 kg of Trichoderma aureum, 0.06 kg of Aspergillus tubingensis, 0.05 kg of Paecilomyces lilacinus, 18 kg of calcium-based bentonite, 0.3 kg of urease inhibitor, 0.4 kg of nitrification inhibitor, 2.8 kg of urea-formaldehyde, 14 kg of humic acid, 0.3 kg of indoleacetic acid and 0.3 kg of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are mixed and stirred, and then sieved through a 5-mesh sieve to obtain a tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator;

[0091] The urease inhibitor is a mixture of 0.1 kg of n-butyl thiophosphoric acid triamide, 0.08 kg of nitrogen phosphoramide, 0.08 kg of triazine compounds, 0.02 kg of pyridine compounds and 0.02 kg of quercetin;

[0092] The nitrification inhibitor is a mixture of 0.1 kg of dichlorodifluorobenzene, 0.06 kg of thiourea compounds, 0.06 kg of chlorothioxanthene, 0.09 kg of nitrogen acylate and 0.09 kg of acrylamine compounds.

[0093] Test example

[0094] 1. Purpose of the experiment

[0095] Through field experiments, the effects of the application of the soil regulator product prepared in the present application on increasing tobacco yield and improving tobacco disease resistance were analyzed and evaluated.

[0096] 2. Test time and location

[0097] 2.1 Test time

[0098] May 2024 - September 2024

[0099] 2.2 Test location

[0100] Taihe Township, Fengjie County, Chongqing City, has yellow soil type with medium fertility and acidic soil.

[0101] 3 Experimental materials and methods

[0102] 3.1 Test materials

[0103] (1) Soil conditioning agent of Example 1 of the present application

[0104] (2) Commercially available tobacco-specific soil remediation conditioner (Genscon)

[0105] 3.2 Experimental crops

[0106] The experimental crop is flue-cured tobacco, and the variety is "Yunyan 87".

[0107] 3.3 Experimental design

[0108] Three treatment groups were set up, with three replicates in each group. Four rows were planted in each plot (row spacing 1.1 m, plant spacing 0.5 m), with 25 plants in each row. Protective rows were set up around the experimental plot.

[0109] The fertilization method is to spread the fertilizer on the entire layer 15 days before transplanting, then rotary tillage, mix the soil and fertilizer evenly, and then make beds according to the planting specifications. The treatment contents are as follows:

[0110] Test fertilizer 1 (treatment ①): 80 kg / 667 m 2 , apply it as base fertilizer during land preparation and mix it evenly with the soil during land preparation.

[0111] Fertilizer 2 (treatment ②): 80 kg / 667 m 2 .

[0112] Blank control (treatment ③): no soil regulator was applied.

[0113] 3.4 Field management

[0114] Except for fertilization treatment, other field management measures (such as irrigation, pest and disease control, etc.) remained consistent.

[0115] 4 Survey Methods

[0116] 4.1 Agronomic traits survey

[0117] Ten representative tobacco plants were selected from each treatment and marked with a sign. The agronomic traits of tobacco were investigated 7 days after topping according to the "Methods for Survey and Measurement of Agronomic Traits of Tobacco" (YC / T142-2010), and the plant height, stem girth, number of effective leaves, maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width of each treatment were measured.

[0118] 4.2 Economic characteristics survey

[0119] Each treatment process is strictly marked for baking to ensure tracking of the entire process from harvesting, tobacco sorting and grading to ensure accurate sample correspondence. The baked tobacco leaves are graded and calculated according to the national tobacco purchase price in the "Flue-cured Tobacco" (GB2635-1992) grading standard, and the tobacco yield, proportion of high-quality tobacco and proportion of medium-quality tobacco are counted.

[0120] 4.3 Survey on the occurrence of black shank disease

[0121] The occurrence of tobacco diseases was investigated according to the "Grading and Investigation Methods of Tobacco Diseases and Pests" (GB / T23222-2008). Combined with the local characteristics of disease occurrence, a systematic investigation was conducted on various major diseases, the number of diseased plants and the disease level in each plot were investigated, and each plot adopted the diagonal sampling method, with 10 plants fixed at each point, and the incidence rate, disease index and control effect were calculated according to the formula. Disease investigation and determination of tobacco agronomic traits were carried out simultaneously.

[0122] The formula is as follows:

[0123] Incidence rate (%) = number of diseased plants / total number of plants surveyed × 100%

[0124]

[0125] Control effect (%) = (control disease index - treatment disease index) / control disease index × 100%

[0126] 5 Test results

[0127] 5.1 Effects of different treatments on agronomic traits of tobacco

[0128] As shown in Table 1 below, different treatments have different effects on the agronomic traits of tobacco. Treatment ① has a plant height of 3.52 cm higher than treatment ②, a stem girth of 0.11 cm, an increase of 0.50 effective leaves, a maximum leaf length of 0.67 cm, and a maximum leaf width of 0.29 cm; Treatment ① has a plant height of 6.45 cm higher than treatment ③, a stem girth of 1.17 cm, an increase of 1.10 effective leaves, a maximum leaf length of 1.73 cm, and a maximum leaf width of 1.47 cm, indicating that after applying the soil regulating agent of Example 1, tobacco grows more vigorously, and indicators such as plant height, stem girth, effective leaf number, maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width are all improved to different effects.

[0129] Table 1 Effects of each treatment on agronomic traits of tobacco

[0130]

[0131] 5.2 Effects of different treatments on tobacco economic traits

[0132] As shown in Table 2, the proportion of top-quality tobacco in the three treatments was 58.33%-67.50%, showing treatment ①>treatment ②>treatment ③; the proportion of medium-quality tobacco was 19.80%-23.90%, showing treatment ②>treatment ①>treatment ③; the yield was 2355.25-2417.43 kg / hm 2, which is as follows: treatment ①>treatment ②>treatment ③. Treatment ① is 1.04% and 2.57% higher than treatment ② and treatment ③, respectively. This indicates that the application of the soil regulating agent of Example 1 can significantly increase the proportion and yield of high-quality tobacco.

[0133] Table 2 Effects of each treatment on economic traits of tobacco

[0134] deal with Ratio of high-quality smoke (%) Medium smoke ratio (%) <![CDATA[Yield (kg / hm 2 )]]> Processing ① 67.50 23.50 2417.43 Processing ② 66.80 23.90 2392.32 Processing ③ 58.33 19.80 2355.25

[0135] 5.3 Effects of different treatments on the occurrence of tobacco black shank

[0136] As can be seen from Table 3 below, both treatment ① and treatment ② have a certain preventive effect on tobacco black shank, among which treatment ① has the best control effect, which can reach 80.18%. After applying the soil regulator of Example 1, it has a good control effect on tobacco black shank, and can be used for subsequent screening tests.

[0137] Table 3 Effects of each treatment on the occurrence of tobacco black shank

[0138] deal with Incidence (%) Disease index Control effect (%) Processing ① 2.00 0.88 80.18 Processing ② 4.00 1.11 75.00 Processing ③ 8.00 4.44 -

[0139] In summary, it can be seen from the test results that the soil regulator of the present application has a significant effect of promoting tobacco growth, increasing yield and reducing the incidence of diseases in tobacco planting after being applied to the soil, especially in reducing the incidence and prevention of tobacco black shank disease. The soil regulator of the present application shows a good effect. Therefore, the use of the soil regulator of the present application in tobacco planting areas can improve tobacco yield and quality and reduce the incidence of diseases.

[0140] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present application specification under the inventive concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soil regulator for continuous tobacco cropping, characterized in that: By weight, it includes the following components: 1.3-2.3 parts of inorganic nutrients, 58-66 parts of organic materials, 0.2-0.8 parts of composite microbial agents, 15-25 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.4-1.0 parts of inhibitors, 2-3 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 10-15 parts of humic acid and 0.2-0.8 parts of auxin; The inorganic nutrients include secondary elements and trace elements, the secondary elements include calcium and magnesium, and the trace elements include boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron and zinc; The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus gelatinus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma aureum, Aspergillus tubingensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus.

2. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight, the components include: 1.8 parts of inorganic nutrients, 62 parts of organic materials, 0.5 parts of composite microbial agents, 20 parts of calcium-based bentonite, 0.7 parts of inhibitors, 2.5 parts of urea-formaldehyde, 12 parts of humic acid and 0.5 parts of growth hormone.

3. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight, the raw materials of the inorganic nutrients include: 0.3-0.4 parts of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.3-0.4 parts of EDDHA-FeNa, 0.16-0.20 parts of MnSO4·H2O, 0.16-0.20 parts of H3BO3, and 0.16-0.20 parts of (NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.16-0.20 parts and ZnCl2 0.16-0.20 parts.

4. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic material is a fermentation product of straw and livestock manure; The preparation steps of the organic material include: Crush the straw to a length of less than 2 cm, and crush the livestock manure to a particle size of less than 0.5 cm; The crushed straw and the crushed livestock manure are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the dry weight ratio of the mixture is controlled to be 5:1; The mixed material is piled up, and after adjusting the moisture content to 50-65%, composting is carried out for 45-60 days. After the fermentation is completed, the organic material is obtained.

5. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent comprises, by weight: 0.06-0.1 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.04-0.1 parts of Bacillus gelatinosa, 0.04-0.1 parts of Pseudomonas, 0.04-0.1 parts of Trichoderma aureum, 0.04-0.1 parts of Aspergillus tubingensis and 0.04-0.1 parts of Paecilomyces lilacinus.

6. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inhibitors include urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors; the urease inhibitors include n-butylthiophosphoric triamide, nitrogen phosphoramide, triazine compounds, pyridine compounds and quercetin; the nitrification inhibitors include dichlorodifluorophenylpyrimidine, thiourea compounds, chlorothioxanthene, nitrogen acylates and acrylamine compounds.

7. The tobacco continuous cropping soil regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxin comprises at least two of naphthylacetic acid, gibberellins, indoleacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, phenylacetic acid and methyl metabolites.

8. The method for preparing the tobacco continuous cropping soil regulating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The organic material is dried, cooled, and then crushed, and then the remaining components are added, mixed and stirred to obtain a tobacco continuous crop soil regulator.

9. The method for preparing the tobacco continuous cropping soil regulating agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step of drying the organic material, the drying temperature is 80-90° C., and the moisture content of the organic material after drying is controlled to be less than 10%.

10. The method for preparing the tobacco continuous cropping soil regulating agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the step of mixing and stirring, the method further comprises: The mixed and stirred materials are sieved through a 4-6 mesh sieve.

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