Tension dispersion type tunnel type anchorage and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a tension dispersion type tunnel anchor and a construction method. The tension dispersion type tunnel anchor is located in an underground space in a stratum below the ground surface. The tension dispersion type tunnel anchor comprises a cavern system, a cable structure and an anchoring structure. The cavern system is an underground space in the stratum below the ground surface, and provides a space for construction and occurrence of the cable structure and the anchoring structure. The cable structure comprises a main cable, a cable saddle and a strand. The main cable transmits a bridge load from the ground surface to the underground space. The cable saddle is used for dispersing the main cable into a plurality of strands. The anchoring structure comprises an anchor beam and an anchor body. The front and middle parts of the anchor body are provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped cavities, and a plurality of front anchor surfaces are formed. The front anchor surfaces provide a base for anchoring the anchor beam. The strands reach different front anchor surfaces and are connected with the anchor beam. The bridge load is dispersed and applied to the plurality of front surfaces of the anchor body in the form of tension. This is beneficial to uniform distribution of stress of the anchor body, improves the stability of the anchor body, and reduces the engineering cost by reducing the volume of the anchor body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a tension dispersion type tunnel anchor and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing tunnel anchor, the anchor body adopts a solid wedge shape, and the number of front anchor surfaces and rear anchor surfaces is one. When the tunnel anchor bears the load in a tension mode, the anchoring structure adopts a full-length bonding anchoring system, and the anchor beam can adopt a prestressed tendon or a non-prestressed tendon. The main cable is dispersed into strands, reaches the front anchor surface, is connected with the anchor beam to transfer the load, and the front anchor surface of the anchor body is in tension. The load of this tension type tunnel anchor is concentrated on one front anchor surface, which has two obvious defects: one is that the stress of the front anchor surface of the anchor body bearing the load is too concentrated; and the other is that the amount of anchor body concrete is large, the construction is difficult, and the cost is high. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a tension dispersion type tunnel anchor and a construction method. The main cable of the suspension bridge is dispersed into multiple circles of strands, the multiple circles of strands are connected and anchored on multiple circles of anchor beams at multiple front anchor surfaces of the anchor body, and the load is transferred to the anchor body in a dispersion mode, so that the stress of the anchor body is evenly distributed, the stability of the anchor body is improved, and the engineering cost is reduced by reducing the volume of the anchor body.

[0004] A tension dispersion type tunnel anchor is located in an underground space in a stratum below the ground surface, and the tension dispersion type tunnel anchor comprises a cavern system, a cable structure and an anchoring structure.

[0005] The cavern system is an underground space in the stratum below the ground surface, and provides a space for construction and occurrence of the cable structure and the anchoring structure.

[0006] The cable structure comprises a main cable, a strand saddle and a strand. The main cable transfers the bridge load from the ground surface to the underground space in the underground. The strand saddle is used for dispersing the main cable into multiple strands.

[0007] The anchoring structure comprises an anchor beam and an anchor body. The anchor body is provided with multiple wedge-shaped cavities in the middle of the front part, and forms multiple front anchor surfaces. The front anchor surfaces provide the base for anchoring the anchor beam. The strands reach different front anchor surfaces and are connected with the anchor beam.

[0008] Further, the cavern system comprises a slant hole, a front anchor chamber, an anchor hole and a rear anchor chamber which are connected in sequence. The slant hole is a channel connecting the ground surface to the front anchor chamber, and is excavated into the underground space in the stratum from the ground surface. The front anchor chamber is a channel connecting the slant hole to the anchor hole, and is used for providing a space for dispersing the strands and a space for construction of the anchoring structure. The anchor hole is a channel connecting the front anchor chamber to the rear anchor chamber. The rear anchor chamber is the last chamber of the cavern system, and provides a space for construction of the anchoring structure.

[0009] Further, the saddle is located in front of the front anchor chamber.

[0010] Further, the strands are arranged in approximately annular zones, and are divided into first strands, second strands and third strands from the outside to the inside, wherein the first strands are located in the outer zone, the second strands are located in the middle zone, and the third strands are located in the inner zone; the front anchor surface is a front section of the anchor body, and the front sections are located at different positions of the anchor body, and the front anchor surface is arranged in a stepped manner and is divided into first front anchor surfaces, second front anchor surfaces and third front anchor surfaces; the first strands reach the first front anchor surfaces, the second strands reach the second front anchor surfaces, and the third strands reach the third front anchor surfaces.

[0011] Further, the anchor body is arranged in approximately annular zones, and is divided into first anchor bodies, second anchor bodies and third anchor bodies from the outside to the inside, wherein the first anchor bodies are located in the outer zone, the second anchor bodies are located in the middle zone, and the third anchor bodies are located in the inner zone; the first front anchor surfaces are used for anchoring one end of the first anchor body, the second front anchor surfaces are used for anchoring one end of the second anchor body, and the third front anchor surfaces are used for anchoring one end of the third anchor body; the first strands are connected with the first anchor bodies to transmit and anchor loads, the second strands are connected with the second anchor bodies to transmit and anchor loads, and the third strands are connected with the third anchor bodies to transmit and anchor loads.

[0012] Further, the anchor body is a prestressed steel strand with full-length bonding, and is made of steel strands; the anchor body is embedded in a protective pipe, and the gap between the anchor body and the protective pipe is backfilled with cement slurry to form a filling body.

[0013] Further, the anchor body is the final component for bearing and anchoring the load of the bridge, and is cast in the anchor hole; the outer contour of the anchor body is a wedge shape same as the surface of the anchor hole; the front part of the anchor body is provided with a plurality of through wedge-shaped cavities, and the side surface and the end surface of the wedge-shaped cavities are parallel to the side surface and the end surface of the anchor body, so that the anchor body has a plurality of front anchor surfaces.

[0014] Further, the anchoring structure further comprises a rear anchor surface, which is a rear section of the anchor body, and is used for anchoring the other end of the first anchor body, the second anchor body and the third anchor body.

[0015] Further, the anchoring structure further comprises a rear anchor device for locking the anchor body at the rear anchor surface.

[0016] A construction method of the tension dispersion type tunnel anchor as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, excavation and forming of the chamber system:

[0018] The inclined hole, the front anchor chamber, the anchor hole and the rear anchor chamber are excavated and supported in sequence from the ground surface to form a complete chamber system.

[0019] Step S2, anchor structure construction and forming:

[0020] Step S21, anchor body pouring and forming

[0021] All the protective pipes, the anchor pad plates of the front anchorage and the anchor pad plates of the rear anchorage are fixed by steel supports, the external contour of the anchor body is made by formwork, and the anchor body is formed by integral compartment pouring and curing;

[0022] Step S22, installation and locking of all anchor bodies

[0023] The tail of the anchor body enters the protective pipe from the front anchor surface, passes through the anchor body, and exits from the rear anchor surface, and the anchor ring of the rear anchorage is sleeved and fastened by the clamping piece;

[0024] The anchor ring of the front anchor surface is sleeved on the head of the anchor body, the tensioning equipment is used to tighten, and then the clamping piece is fastened;

[0025] The protective pipe 531 is filled with cement slurry and blocked to form a full-length bonded prestressed tendon;

[0026] Step S23, anchor body compartment

[0027] All the anchor bodies are compartmented into a first anchor body, a second anchor body and a third anchor body;

[0028] Step S3, cable structure construction and forming:

[0029] Step S31, installation of a spreader saddle

[0030] The spreader saddle is transported to the front part of the front anchor chamber, assembled and fixed on the bedrock at the bottom of the hole;

[0031] Step S32, main cable into the hole and strand connection

[0032] The main cable enters the underground space from the inclined hole and is dispersed into multiple strands at the spreader saddle, and all the strands are compartmented into a first strand, a second strand and a third strand;

[0033] The first strand reaches the first front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected with the first anchor body to transfer and anchor the load;

[0034] The second strand reaches the second front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected with the second anchor body to transfer and anchor the load;

[0035] The third strand reaches the third front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected with the third anchor body to transfer and anchor the load;

[0036] Step S33, backfilling of the rear anchor chamber to form a filling body

[0037] Step S4, anchor corrosion prevention and long-term operation and maintenance

[0038] The exposed steel strands and anchorage surface of the cable structure and anchoring structure, the exposed concrete surface of the anchor body are coated with anticorrosive material, and maintenance and repair work of the tunnel type anchor is carried out in the long-term operation stage.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

[0040] 1、The anchor body profile of the tunnel type anchor retains the traditional shape, thus having the excellent stability and load bearing performance of the traditional anchor body.

[0041] 2、The application is provided with multiple cavities in the traditional solid anchor body, so that the anchor body volume can be reduced and the engineering cost can be reduced.

[0042] 3、The cable strand is arranged in a frame and circle, and is connected with the anchor beam body which is also arranged in a frame and circle at multiple front anchor surfaces of the anchor body to transmit the load, so that the arrangement is clear and definite, and is beneficial to the construction and maintenance of the anchor system.

[0043] 4、The tension of the anchor body is not concentrated on the surface of the front part of the anchor body, but is dispersed on different surfaces of the front part and the inside, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the stress of the anchor body and the stability of the load bearing.

[0044] 5、The cavities in the anchor body can provide space for the dispersion of the cable strand, the construction of the anchoring structure and the maintenance and repair in the operation period, and effectively improve the utilization rate of the underground space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a vertical sectional structure arrangement drawing of a tension dispersion type tunnel type anchor according to an embodiment of the application;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a hole chamber system inclined sectional arrangement drawing according to an embodiment of the application;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a cable structure and anchoring structure inclined sectional arrangement drawing according to an embodiment of the application;

[0048] Figure 4 It is an anchor and anchor beam body arrangement drawing of the anchor body along three front anchor surfaces according to an embodiment of the application;

[0049] Figure 5 It is an anchor arrangement drawing of the rear anchor surface of the anchor body according to an embodiment of the application;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a buried setting schematic drawing of the anchor beam body according to an embodiment of the application;

[0051] Figure 7 It is a comparison drawing of the external tension of the anchor body (a) and the traditional anchor body (b) according to an embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The tension dispersion type tunnel anchorage of the present application is located in the underground space of the stratum 2 below the ground surface 1, and comprises a cavern system 3, a cable structure 4 and an anchoring structure 5.

[0054] The cavern system 3 is the underground space located in the stratum 2 below the ground surface 1, and provides the space for the construction and occurrence of the cable structure 4 and the anchoring structure 5. The cavern system 3 comprises an inclined hole 31, a front anchor chamber 32, an anchor hole 33 and a rear anchor chamber 34.

[0055] The inclined hole 31 is a passage connecting the ground surface 1 to the front anchor chamber 32, and is excavated into the underground space of the stratum 2 from the ground surface 1. The front anchor chamber 32 is a passage connecting the inclined hole 31 to the anchor hole 33, and is used to provide the space for the dispersion of the cable strand 43 and the space for the construction of the anchoring structure 5. The anchor hole 33 is a passage connecting the front anchor chamber 32 to the rear anchor chamber 34. The rear anchor chamber 34 is the last part of the cavern system 3, and provides the space for the construction of the anchoring structure 5.

[0056] The cable structure 4 enters the underground space from the ground surface 1 through the inclined hole 31, and plays a role of transmitting the bridge load to the anchoring structure 5, and achieves the purpose of anchoring the bridge load by connecting with the anchor beam body 53 in the anchoring structure 5.

[0057] The cable structure 4 comprises a main cable 41, a cable dispersion saddle 42 and a cable strand 43. The main cable 41 transmits the bridge load from the ground surface 1 to the underground space in the underground 2, and the material of the main cable 41 is high-strength steel wire. The cable dispersion saddle 42 is located in the front part of the front anchor chamber 32, and is used to disperse the main cable 41 into a plurality of cable strands 43, so as to disperse the anchoring bridge load. The cable strand 43 is dispersed from the main cable 41, and the materials of the two are the same. The cable strand 43 is dispersed in the front anchor chamber 32, reaches the front anchor surface 51 of the anchoring structure 5, and transmits the load by connecting with the anchor beam body 53. The cable strand 43 is arranged in the form of approximate ring, and is divided into a first cable strand 43a, a second cable strand 43b and a third cable strand 43c from outside to inside, wherein the first cable strand 43a is located in the outer ring, the second cable strand 43b is located in the middle ring, and the third cable strand 43c is located in the inner ring.

[0058] The anchoring structure 5 is located in the anchor hole 33, and receives and anchors the load transmitted by the cable 43. The anchoring structure 5 includes a front anchoring surface 51, a front anchoring device 52, an anchoring beam 53, an anchoring body 54, a rear anchoring surface 55, a rear anchoring device 56, and a filling body 57, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 .

[0059] The front anchoring surface 51 is a front section of the anchoring body 54, and the front sections are located at different positions of the anchoring body 54. The front anchoring surface 51 is arranged in a stepped manner and divided into a first front anchoring surface 51a, a second front anchoring surface 51b, and a third front anchoring surface 51c, as shown in Figure 4 . As shown in Figure 3 , the first cable 43a reaches the first front anchoring surface 51a, the second cable 43b reaches the second front anchoring surface 51b, and the third cable 43c reaches the third front anchoring surface 51c.

[0060] The front anchoring surface 51 provides a base for anchoring the anchoring beam 53. The anchoring beam 53 is divided into a first anchoring beam 53a, a second anchoring beam 53b, and a third anchoring beam 53c corresponding to the first front anchoring surface 51a, the second front anchoring surface 51b, and the third front anchoring surface 51c.

[0061] The first front anchoring surface 51a is used to anchor one end of the first anchoring beam 53a, the second front anchoring surface 51b is used to anchor one end of the second anchoring beam 53b, and the third front anchoring surface 51c is used to anchor one end of the third anchoring beam 53c.

[0062] The front anchoring device 52 is used to lock the anchoring beam 53 on the front anchoring surface 51. The front anchoring device 52 includes an anchoring pad and an anchoring ring, which are fastened by clamps or the like.

[0063] The anchoring beam 53 is a core component for transmitting and anchoring the load of the bridge.

[0064] The anchoring beam 53 is connected with the cable 43, bears the load transmitted by the cable 43, and gradually transmits the load to the anchoring body through the filling body 532, as shown in Figure 6 .

[0065] The anchoring beam 53 is a full-length bonded prestressed steel beam, and the material is steel strand. The anchoring beam 53 is embedded in the protective pipe 531, and the gap between the anchoring beam 53 and the protective pipe 531 is backfilled with cement slurry to form the filling body 532.

[0066] The anchoring beam 53 is arranged in an approximately annular manner, and is divided into the first anchoring beam 53a, the second anchoring beam 53b, and the third anchoring beam 53c from the outside to the inside. The first anchoring beam 53a is located in the outer ring, the second anchoring beam 53b is located in the middle ring, and the third anchoring beam 53c is located in the inner ring.

[0067] The first cable strand 43a is connected with the first anchor beam 53a to transmit and anchor the load; the second cable strand 43b is connected with the second anchor beam 53b to transmit and anchor the load; and the third cable strand 43c is connected with the third anchor beam 53c to transmit and anchor the load.

[0068] The anchor body 54 is the final component to bear and anchor the bridge load, and the anchor body 54 is cast in the anchor hole 33, so the external contour of the anchor body 54 is the same wedge shape as the surface of the anchor hole 33. The front part of the anchor body 54 is provided with a plurality of through wedge-shaped cavities, and the side surface and end surface of the wedge-shaped cavities are respectively parallel to the side surface and end surface of the anchor body 54, so that the anchor body 54 has a plurality of front anchor surfaces (the first front anchor surface 51a, the second front anchor surface 51b and the third front anchor surface 51c).

[0069] The rear anchor surface 55 is the rear section surface of the anchor body 54, and the rear anchor surface 55 is only one, and the rear anchor surface 55 is used to anchor the other end of the first anchor beam 53a, the second anchor beam 53b and the third anchor beam 53c, as shown in the figure. Figure 5

[0070] The rear anchor device 56 is used to lock the anchor beam 53 at the rear anchor surface 55. The rear anchor device 56 includes an anchor pad and an anchor ring, and is fastened by clamps and the like.

[0071] The filling body 57 is the filling concrete formed after backfilling the rear anchor chamber 34.

[0072] The embodiment of the application also provides a construction method of the tension dispersion type tunnel type anchorage, which comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step S1, excavation and forming of the chamber system 3.

[0074] The inclined hole 31, the front anchor chamber 32, the anchor hole 33 and the rear anchor chamber 34 are excavated and supported in sequence from the ground surface to form the complete chamber system 3.

[0075] Step S2, construction and forming of the anchoring structure 5.

[0076] Step S21, casting and forming of the anchor body 54.

[0077] All the protection pipes 531, the anchor pad of the front anchor device 52 and the anchor pad of the rear anchor device 56 are fixed by steel supports, the external contour of the anchor body 54 is made by a formwork, and the anchor body 54 is integrally formed by casting and curing.

[0078] Step S22, locking of all the anchor beams 53.

[0079] Taking one anchor beam 53 as an example, the tail part of the anchor beam 53 enters the protection pipe 531 from the front anchor surface 51, passes through the anchor body 54, and is out of the rear anchor surface 55, is sleeved with the anchor ring of the rear anchor device 56 and is fastened by clamps.

[0080] ​The anchor beam 53 head is sleeved with the anchor ring of the front anchor surface 51, and the tensioning equipment is used to tighten and then fasten with the clamping piece.

[0081] The pipe 531 is filled with cement slurry and sealed to form a full-length bonded prestressed tendon.

[0082] The anchor beam 53 is divided into sections.

[0083] All the anchor beams 53 are divided into a first anchor beam 53a, a second anchor beam 53b, and a third anchor beam 53c.

[0084] Step S3, the cable structure 4 is built and shaped.

[0085] Step S31, the cable saddle 42 is installed.

[0086] The cable saddle 42 is transported to the front part of the front anchor chamber 32, assembled and fixed on the bedrock at the bottom of the hole.

[0087] Step S32, the main cable 41 enters the hole and the cable strands are connected.

[0088] The main cable 41 enters the underground space from the inclined hole 31, is dispersed into multiple cable strands 43 at the cable saddle 42, and all the cable strands 43 are divided into a first cable strand 43a, a second cable strand 43b, and a third cable strand 43c.

[0089] The first cable strand 43a reaches the first front anchor surface 51a of the anchor body 54 and is connected with the first anchor beam 53a to transmit and anchor the load.

[0090] The second cable strand 43b reaches the second front anchor surface 51b of the anchor body 54 and is connected with the second anchor beam 53b to transmit and anchor the load.

[0091] The third cable strand 43c reaches the third front anchor surface 51c of the anchor body 54 and is connected with the third anchor beam 53c to transmit and anchor the load.

[0092] Step S33, the backfilling of the backfill chamber 34 forms the filling body 57.

[0093] Step S4, the anchorage is preserved and operated for a long time.

[0094] The exposed steel strands of the cable structure 4 and the anchoring structure 5 and the surface of the anchor, the exposed concrete surface of the anchor body 54 are coated with anticorrosive material. In the long-term operation stage, maintenance and maintenance work of the tunnel-type anchorage are carried out.

[0095] The shape of the hollow in the front middle part of the anchor body is wedge-shaped similar to the shape of the anchor body, and can also be designed as other shapes such as cylindrical or conical. The number of the hollow in the front middle part of the anchor body can be adjusted, and in the embodiment of the application, the number is 3, but the number of the hollow can also be 2 or more than 3, and the effect of tension dispersion can be achieved by changing the number of the front anchor surface of the anchor body, the number of strands and the number of the anchor beam.

[0096] All the anchor beams of the anchoring structure are prestressed steel beams, compared with the traditional anchor body, the tension on the anchor body is dispersed, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 But the application of the application is not limited to this, based on the shape of the anchor body of the application, different anchor beams can be respectively used prestressed steel or non-prestressed steel to build other tension and compression composite tunnel anchors.

[0097] The above is only a specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to this, any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the application should be covered in the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tension-distributing tunnel anchorage located in an underground space below the surface, characterized in that: The tension-distributed tunnel anchorage includes a cavern system, a cable structure, and an anchoring structure; The cavern system is an underground space located in the ground below the surface, providing space for the construction and storage of cable structures and anchoring structures; The cable structure includes a main cable, a loose cable saddle and cable strands, wherein the main cable transmits the bridge load from the surface to the underground space, and the loose cable saddle is used to disperse the main cable into multiple cable strands; The anchoring structure includes an anchor bundle body and an anchor body. A plurality of through wedge-shaped holes are provided in the front middle part of the anchor body. The side faces and end faces of the wedge-shaped holes are parallel to the side faces and end faces of the anchor body, respectively, so that the anchor body has multiple front anchor surfaces; the front anchor surfaces are the front sections of the anchor body, and the front sections are located at different parts of the anchor body, and the front anchor surfaces are arranged in a stepped manner; the front anchor surfaces provide a base for anchoring the anchor bundle body, and the rope strands reach different front anchor surfaces and are connected to the anchor bundle body.

2. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavern system includes an inclined tunnel, a front anchor chamber, an anchor hole and a rear anchor chamber connected in sequence. The inclined tunnel is a passage connecting the ground surface to the front anchor chamber, and is excavated from the ground surface into the underground space of the stratum; the front anchor chamber is a passage connecting the inclined tunnel to the anchor hole, and is used to provide space for cable strands to spread out and for constructing anchoring structures; the anchor hole is a passage connecting the front anchor chamber to the rear anchor chamber; the rear anchor chamber is the cavern at the rear end of the cavern system, and provides space for constructing anchoring structures.

3. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loose rope saddle is located at the front part of the front anchor chamber.

4. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 1, wherein: The cable strands are arranged in a nearly annular shape, and are divided into a first cable strand, a second cable strand, and a third cable strand from the outside to the inside, wherein the first cable strand is located in the outer circle, the second cable strand is located in the middle circle, and the third cable strand is located in the inner circle; the front anchor surface is divided into a first front anchor surface, a second front anchor surface, and a third front anchor surface; the first cable strand reaches the first front anchor surface, the second cable strand reaches the second front anchor surface, and the third cable strand reaches the third front anchor surface.

5. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor bundle body is arranged in an approximately annular circle, and is divided into a first anchor bundle body, a second anchor bundle body and a third anchor bundle body from the outside to the inside. The first anchor bundle body is located in the outer circle, the second anchor bundle body is located in the middle circle, and the third anchor bundle body is located in the inner circle; the first front anchor surface is used to anchor one end of the first anchor bundle body, the second front anchor surface is used to anchor one end of the second anchor bundle body, and the third front anchor surface is used to anchor one end of the third anchor bundle body; the first cable strand is connected to the first anchor bundle body to transfer and anchor the load, the second cable strand is connected to the second anchor bundle body to transfer and anchor the load, and the third cable strand is connected to the third anchor bundle body to transfer and anchor the load.

6. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bundle body adopts a full-length bonded prestressed steel bundle, the material of which is steel strand. The anchor bundle body is buried in the protective pipe, and the gap between the anchor bundle body and the protective pipe is backfilled with cement slurry to form a filling body.

7. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 2, wherein: The anchor body is the final component for bearing and anchoring the bridge load. The anchor body is cast in the anchor hole, and the outer contour of the anchor body is the same wedge shape as the surface of the anchor hole.

8. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anchoring structure further comprises a rear anchor surface, which is a rear section of the anchor body and is used for anchoring the other end of the first anchor bundle body, the second anchor bundle body and the third anchor bundle body.

9. The tension-distributed tunnel anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchoring structure also includes a rear anchor for locking the anchor bundle body at the rear anchor surface.

10. A method for constructing a tension-distributed tunnel anchorage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Excavation and forming of the cavern system: From the surface, the inclined tunnel, front anchor chamber, anchor tunnel and rear anchor chamber are excavated and supported in sequence to form a complete tunnel system; Step S2: Anchoring structure construction and forming: Step S21: Casting of anchor body All protective pipes, anchor pads of the front and rear anchors are fixed with steel supports, the outer contour of the anchor body is made with formwork, and the anchor body is formed by integral compartment casting and curing. Step S22: Install and lock all anchor bundles The tail of the anchor bundle enters the protective tube from the front anchor surface, passes through the anchor body, and exits from the rear anchor surface. It is then put on the anchor ring of the rear anchor and fastened with a clip. Put the anchor ring of the front anchor surface on the head of the anchor bundle, tighten it with tensioning equipment and then fasten it with clips; The protective tube is filled with cement slurry and sealed to form a full-length bonded prestressed tendon; Step S23: Anchor bundle body segmentation All anchor bundles are divided into a first anchor bundle, a second anchor bundle and a third anchor bundle; Step S3: Cable structure construction and forming: Step S31: Installing the loose cable saddle Transport the loose rope saddle to the front of the front anchor chamber, assemble and fix it to the bedrock at the bottom of the cave; Step S32: Main cable enters the hole and cables are connected The main cable enters the underground space from the inclined hole and is dispersed into multiple strands at the cable saddle. All the strands are divided into the first strand, the second strand and the third strand. The first strand reaches the first front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected to the first anchor bundle body to transfer and anchor the load; The second strand reaches the second front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected to the second anchor bundle body to transmit and anchor the load; The third cable strand reaches the third front anchor surface of the anchor body and is connected to the third anchor bundle body to transmit and anchor the load; Step S33: Backfill the anchor chamber to form a filling body Step S4: Anchorage Anti-corrosion and Long-term Maintenance The exposed steel strands and anchor surfaces of the cable structure and anchoring structure, as well as the exposed concrete surface of the anchor body are coated with anti-corrosion materials. During the long-term operation phase, maintenance and upkeep of the tunnel anchorage are carried out.

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