A device for plugging reinforced concrete cracks by electrochemical deposition and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for electrochemical deposition plugging reinforced concrete cracks and a construction method thereof. The device is composed of a sponge block, a transparent organic glass box, a direct current power supply, a conductor, a metal strip, a water tank and a micro water pump, etc. The technical method of circulating electrolyte is used to overcome the problem that it is difficult to stably keep the electrolyte covering the plugging area in the electrochemical deposition plugging concrete crack process. The device and the construction method thereof can not only greatly simplify the relevant operation process and improve the construction efficiency, but also significantly improve the plugging effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for plugging reinforced concrete cracks by electrochemical deposition and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In actual engineering, leakage problems in concrete structures are common, especially in underground structures such as subways, basements or roof structures, which are prone to various safety hazards, so they must be plugged and repaired. Since the various technical methods for plugging concrete cracks in traditional ways have their own advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions, a method of plugging concrete cracks by electrochemical deposition has emerged in recent years. However, this method has encountered an insurmountable technical obstacle in practical applications, namely the problem of electrolyte leakage during the repair process. The electrochemical deposition method uses the guiding effect of direct current on positive and negative charged ions to promote metal cations to penetrate into concrete cracks. These metal cations crystallize and aggregate in the cracks, thereby blocking the seepage channels and finally achieving the plugging effect. If the process is to be successfully completed, a stable electrolyte environment is required, that is, both the positive and negative electrode materials and the crack structure must be immersed in a specific electrolyte, so a closed container needs to be installed to contain all the cracks to be plugged. However, in actual projects, it is very difficult or complicated to install a watertight electrolyte tank, because the concrete surface to be plugged is not necessarily flat, especially when the wall is wet in a leaking state, and it is difficult to achieve strict sealing requirements using various adhesive materials. Ultimately, this method of electrochemical deposition plugging concrete cracks, which has strong applicability and good plugging effect, is hindered in its promotion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for electrochemical deposition to plug reinforced concrete cracks and a construction method thereof.

[0004] The present invention provides a device for electrochemical deposition to seal reinforced concrete cracks, comprising a sponge block, a transparent box, a DC power supply, a metal anode strip, a water tank and a micro submersible pump, wherein:

[0005] The metal anode strip is inserted into the center of the sponge block from top to bottom, and the sponge block is placed in a transparent box; one end of the metal anode strip is connected to the anode of the DC power supply through a first wire;

[0006] The transparent box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, with the top and one side open and the bottom closed. A small hole is opened on the upper part of two opposite side surfaces connected to the top of the transparent box, which is used to fix the hanging rope and also serves as an overflow hole. The transparent box is located above the sink.

[0007] A water outlet pipe is extended from the top surface of the transparent box, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a micro submersible pump, which is placed in the water tank;

[0008] The transparent box is fixed on one side of the concrete wall, and its open side is close to the concrete wall. A hook is provided above the concrete wall. The transparent box is hung on the hook of the concrete wall through a hanging rope. The transparent box is fixed to the concrete wall through a U-shaped card and bolts. A metal expansion bolt is provided at the steel bar inside the concrete wall. The metal expansion bolt is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply through a second wire.

[0009] In the present invention, the micro submersible pump adopts stepless speed change.

[0010] In the present invention, the transparent box is a transparent organic glass box.

[0011] In the present invention, the length of the metal anode strip is smaller than the crack on the concrete wall.

[0012] In the present invention, a circle of sealing strips is nested on the two edges and the bottom edge of the open side of the transparent box.

[0013] In the present invention, the water tank can be replaced by a water bucket, and a plastic sheet is pasted against the wall below the bottom of the transparent box, and the plastic sheet is located above the water bucket.

[0014] The invention provides a construction method for using a device for electrochemical deposition to seal reinforced concrete cracks, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] (1) Clean the crack surface on the concrete wall that needs to be plugged to fully expose the crack for easy observation; at the same time, drill a hole near the crack to find the steel bar inside the concrete wall, open a hole at the steel bar, and fix a metal expansion bolt in close contact with the steel bar in the hole;

[0016] (2) Select a metal anode strip with a length slightly smaller than the length of the crack on the concrete wall, drill a hole at the top of the metal anode strip to connect the first wire of the low-voltage DC power anode, insert the metal anode strip into a sponge block with a loose volume slightly larger than the transparent box, and then place the two in the transparent box;

[0017] (3) Apply sealing paste to the surfaces of the sealing strips on the two edges of the open side of the transparent box, and fix a hook on the upper end of the crack surface on the concrete wall, hang the transparent box on the hook, and make the sponge block in the transparent box completely cover the crack, and then fix the transparent box to the concrete wall through a U-shaped clip, so that the edge of the open side of the transparent box is tightly fitted with the surface of the concrete wall; the length of the selected long strip transparent box is slightly larger than the length of the crack;

[0018] (4) Use strong tape to stick one side of a plastic sheet with a width greater than that of the transparent box to the concrete wall below the bottom of the transparent box. Then put the other side of the plastic sheet that is drooping into a bucket that is used as a sink below the transparent box. The volume of the bucket should be greater than that of the transparent box. Then put a micro submersible pump in the bucket, and extend one end of the outlet pipe connected to the micro submersible pump into the top surface of the transparent box.

[0019] (5) If the cracks on the concrete wall have extended to the ground, there is no space for placing a bucket under the transparent box, that is, the above operation step (4) cannot be completed; then the above step (4) is performed as follows: around the bottom of the transparent box touching the ground, a water tank is built or bonded to form a small cofferdam around the transparent box, and the cofferdam is used as a water tank, and a micro submersible pump is placed in the cofferdam, and one end of the outlet pipe connected to the micro submersible pump is extended into the top surface of the transparent box;

[0020] (6) Connecting the electrochemical deposition power supply, that is, connecting the negative electrode of the DC power supply to the metal expansion bolt that contacts the steel bars inside the concrete wall through the second wire, and connecting the positive electrode to the metal anode strip;

[0021] (7) injecting electrolyte into the transparent box until the electrolyte overflows from the overflow holes on both sides of the top of the transparent box and flows into the bucket or masonry sink below the transparent box through the outer wall of the transparent box and the plastic sheet attached to the bottom of the transparent box. When the electrolyte in the bucket or sink accumulates to a certain height, turning on the DC power supply and the power supply of the micro submersible pump, and adjusting the water output of the micro submersible pump so that the electrolyte can just keep flowing out from the overflow holes on the sides of the top of the transparent box continuously and stably;

[0022] (8) During the construction period, the water output of the micro submersible pump is adjusted at regular intervals to keep the outflow of electrolyte from the overflow hole of the transparent box roughly constant until the construction is completed.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method of the present invention has been improved in maintaining the electrolyte environment. The key point is to abandon the original method of deliberately pursuing the sealing of the gap between the electrolyte water storage tank and the concrete surface, and use a circulating water pump to simply solve the problem, so that the method of plugging reinforced concrete cracks using electrochemical deposition technology at the construction site becomes very simple and quick; at the same time, the use of circulating electrolyte can also prevent the ions used for plugging from quickly gathering on the crack surface and preventing them from entering the crack more and deeper. Therefore, the method of the present invention is not only conducive to greatly improving the construction efficiency, but also can improve the plugging effect of the electrochemical deposition method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of reinforced concrete wall;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a side view of the transparent box;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front of the transparent box;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal anode strip;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sponge block;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the sponge block and the metal anode strip;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sponge block and the metal anode strip being combined and placed in a transparent box;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the device assembly when the bottom of the crack does not extend to the ground;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a transparent box hanging on one side of a concrete wall;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a transparent box hung on one side of a concrete wall with a sink at the bottom;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the device combination when building a water tank on the ground.

[0035] Numbers in the figure: 1 is a concrete wall; 2 is a crack on the concrete wall; 3 is a steel mesh inside the concrete; 4 is a transparent box; 5 is an opening on the two sides of the top of the transparent box; 6 is a sealing strip nested in the edge of the open surface of the transparent box; 7 is a metal anode strip; 8 is an opening at the top of the metal anode strip; 9 is a sponge block; 10 is a hook fixed above the concrete crack; 11 is a hanging rope for hanging a transparent organic glass box; 12 is a water outlet pipe of a micro submersible pump; 13 is a micro submersible pump; 14 is a bucket used as a sink; 15 is a first wire connecting the positive pole of a DC power supply and the metal anode strip; 16 is a second wire connecting the negative pole of a DC power supply and the steel bars inside the concrete; 17 is a DC power supply; 18 is a plastic sheet pasted under the transparent box; 19 is a U-shaped card for fixing the transparent box; 20 is a bolt for fixing the U-shaped card; 21 is a sink built on the ground and the concrete wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described below by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Embodiment 1,

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, the device is composed of a sponge block 9, a transparent box 4, a DC power supply 17, a metal anode strip 7, an electrolyte, a water tank 21 and a micro submersible pump 13. The DC power supply 17 is a low-voltage DC power supply, the transparent box 4 is a transparent organic glass box, the metal anode strip 7 is inserted into the center of the sponge block 9, the metal anode strip 7 and the sponge block 9 are placed in the transparent box 4, the top surface and one side surface of the transparent box 4 are open, and a circle of rubber sealing strips 6 are nested on the two edges and bottom edges of the open side surface of the transparent box 4. A small hole 5 is opened on each side of the top surface of the transparent box 4, and the micro submersible pump 13 can be continuously variable.

[0039] The cracks on the concrete wall that need to be sealed are distributed from top to bottom, with a length of 1000mm, and the bottom of the crack is more than 0.5 meters from the ground. The specific steps for sealing this type of crack are as follows:

[0040] (1) First, clean the surface of the crack 2 on the concrete wall to fully expose the crack 2 for easy observation; at the same time, drill a hole near the top of the crack 2 to find the internal steel mesh, make a hole in the steel mesh, and fix a metal expansion bolt in close contact with the steel bar in the hole;

[0041] (2) A hook 10 is glued with strong glue on the concrete wall about 200 mm above the top of the crack 2;

[0042] (3) A U-shaped organic glass transparent groove with a length of about 1200 mm is selected, and one end of it is sealed to form a semi-open transparent box 4. A small hole 5 with a diameter of about 10 mm is opened on both sides of the unsealed end, and a hanging rope 11 is fixed through the two small holes 5; the inner wall of the transparent box 4 is about 50 mm long and wide; a sealing strip 6 is embedded on the side walls and bottom edge of the open side of the transparent box 4, and a sealing paste is evenly applied on the outer surface of the sealing strip 6;

[0043] (4) Cutting a sponge block 9 with a length, width and height of 1100 mm, 80 mm and 80 mm respectively. The sponge block 9 can be a single section or can be made up of multiple sections;

[0044] (5) Select a metal anode strip 7 with a length, width and height of approximately 900 mm, 50 mm and 5 mm, respectively, and open a small hole the size of a soybean at the top of the metal anode strip 7;

[0045] (6) Insert the metal strips into the center of the sponge strips, and then place the two in a transparent plexiglass box;

[0046] (7) Hang the transparent box 4 on the hook 10 at the upper end of the crack by means of the hanging rope 11, and make sure that the organic glass transparent box and the sponge block inside it completely cover the crack;

[0047] (8) Install two expansion bolt seats on the concrete wall on both sides of the transparent box 4, and then use the U-shaped clip 19 and the bolt 20 to fix the transparent box 4 on the concrete wall, and make the sealing strip 6 on the side wall of the open side of the transparent box 4 fit tightly with the surface of the crack 2 on the concrete wall, and the sponge block 9 is also completely compressed into the transparent box 4;

[0048] (9) Under the bottom of the transparent box 4, use a strong waterproof tape to stick one side of a plastic sheet 18 with a width of about 200 mm to the concrete wall, and then put the drooping side of the plastic sheet 18 into a bucket 14 used as a sink under the transparent box. The volume of the selected bucket 14 is about 20L; then put the micro submersible pump 13 in the bucket 14, and extend the outlet of the micro submersible pump 13 into the top of the transparent box 4;

[0049] (10) Connect the negative electrode of the DC power supply 17 to the metal expansion bolt for removing the steel bars in the concrete wall through the second wire 16, and connect the positive electrode of the DC power supply 17 to the small hole at the upper end of the metal anode strip 7 through the first wire 15;

[0050] (11) The transparent box 4 is filled with electrolyte. When the electrolyte overflows through the small holes (overflow holes) on both sides of the upper end of the transparent box 4, if the bonding between the transparent box 4 and the wall is not completely sealed, the electrolyte will leak out from the bonding between the concrete wall and the transparent box. Continue to add electrolyte so that the leaked and overflowed electrolyte flows into the water bucket 14 through the plastic sheet 18 pasted on the wall below the transparent box 4. When the electrolyte in the water bucket 14 accumulates to a certain height, stop adding electrolyte and start the micro submersible pump 13 to make the electrolyte overflow from the overflow holes on both sides of the upper end of the transparent box 4. Adjust the water output of the micro submersible pump 13 so that the amount of electrolyte overflowing from the overflow hole remains basically stable.

[0051] (12) Turn on the DC power supply 17 to start the electrochemical plugging construction until the construction is completed; then dismantle the above-mentioned device, clean up the traces left by the adhesive, and fill and level the holes if there are any holes on the concrete wall surface with cement slurry.

[0052] Example 2: The concrete cracks that need to be plugged are distributed from top to bottom, with a length of 1000 mm, and the cracks have extended downward to the ground. The specific steps for plugging this type of crack are as follows:

[0053] (1) Follow steps (1) to (8) in Example 1;

[0054] (2) Around the transparent box 4 where it touches the ground, a cement cofferdam is built with cement mortar and bricks, and the surface is painted to make it watertight. The length, width and height of the cofferdam are 250 mm, 150 mm and 300 mm respectively, and the cofferdam is used as a water tank 21. A micro submersible pump 13 is placed at the bottom of the cofferdam, and the outlet pipe 12 of the micro submersible pump 13 is extended into the top of the transparent box 4;

[0055] (3) Follow steps (10)-(12) in Example 1 to complete the subsequent operations (wherein the bucket in step (11) has been replaced with a cement cofferdam). After the operation is completed, the cement cofferdam is removed.

[0056] Beneficial effects:

[0057] The device and method of the present invention can greatly simplify the process of plugging reinforced concrete cracks by electrochemical deposition technology, and improve the plugging effect of the electrochemical deposition method. On the one hand, by circulating the electrolyte, the problem of loose sealing between the electrolyte container and the concrete wall can be ignored, eliminating the complicated work of repeatedly strengthening or reinforcing the bonding gap when the traditional method is used for plugging construction, and can also ensure that the area of ​​the plugging construction is completely immersed in the electrolyte, thereby ensuring the smooth implementation of the electrochemical deposition plugging technology for reinforced concrete cracks. At the same time, by circulating the electrolyte, the flushing effect of the flowing electrolyte on the surface of the concrete crack can also be used to prevent the plugging ions from gathering and crystallizing on the crack surface or shallow surface layer, so that the crack surface is blocked and the ions cannot continue to enter the crack interior and depth, resulting in the problem that the long-term plugging effect cannot be guaranteed. Because the process of electrochemical deposition plugging concrete uses cations to be guided by the charge to enter the crack for recrystallization and solidification to fill the crack and achieve the plugging effect, in a static electrolyte environment, cations are more likely to use the edge of the crack surface as the basis for crystallization, so a large number of cations gather there and gradually crystallize and grow, and finally give priority to plugging the crack surface, and then it is difficult for cations to continue to enter the crack depth. If only the crack surface is plugged, the plugging effect may be temporary. In the long-term service process of the engineering structure, it is easy to destroy the tightness of the plugging layer due to the load of the structure or other disturbance factors. Therefore, making the crack interior completely blocked by cations as much as possible is the best choice to achieve long-term plugging effect. In the device and method of the present invention, the ions on the crack surface are not easy to adhere to the edge of the crack surface due to the flowing electrolyte, because the adhesion of the ions is not strong when they first form crystal nuclei, and in the internal environment of the crack, the migration of cations is basically not affected by the flowing electrolyte, so it will not affect their continuous diffusion into the interior and deep of the concrete, and finally crystallize and fill the cracks.

[0058] In the device and method of the present invention, the core technology is to use a submersible pump to form an environment for circulating electrolyte; at the same time, a sponge block is set in the transparent organic glass box used for the electrolyte container, which can greatly reduce the leakage pressure of the electrolyte when passing through the bonding gap between the transparent box and the concrete, thereby ensuring that the circulation speed of the electrolyte is not too fast. If the circulation speed of the electrolyte is too fast, most of the cations will move with the flow of the electrolyte, thereby reducing the amount and speed of movement into the concrete cracks, significantly affecting the efficiency of the plugging construction, and even affecting the plugging effect.

Claims

1. A device for electrochemical deposition to plug reinforced concrete cracks, characterized in that It includes a sponge block, a transparent box, a DC power supply, a metal anode strip, a water tank and a micro submersible pump, wherein: The metal anode strip is inserted into the center of the sponge block from top to bottom, and the sponge block is placed in a transparent box; one end of the metal anode strip is connected to the anode of the DC power supply through a first wire; The transparent box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, with the top and one side open and the bottom closed. A small hole is opened on the upper part of the two side surfaces of the top of the transparent box to fix the hanging rope and also as an overflow hole. The transparent box is located above the sink. A water outlet pipe is extended from the top surface of the transparent box, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a micro submersible pump, which is placed in the water tank; The transparent box is fixed on one side of the concrete wall, and its open side is close to the concrete wall. A hook is provided above the concrete wall. The transparent box is hung on the hook of the concrete wall through a hanging rope. The transparent box is fixed to the concrete wall through a U-shaped card and bolts. A metal expansion bolt is provided at the steel bar inside the concrete wall. The metal expansion bolt is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply through a second wire.

2. The device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks according to claim 1 is characterized in that The micro submersible pump adopts stepless speed change.

3. The device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks according to claim 1 is characterized in that The transparent box adopts transparent plexiglass box.

4. The device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the metal anode strips is smaller than the cracks in the concrete wall.

5. The device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that A circle of sealing strip is nested on the two edges and bottom edge of the open side of the transparent box.

6. The device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that The sink can be replaced by a bucket, and a plastic sheet is pasted against the wall below the bottom of the transparent box, with the plastic sheet located above the bucket.

7. A method for using and constructing the device for electrochemical deposition for plugging reinforced concrete cracks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The specific steps are as follows: (1) Clean the crack surface on the concrete wall that needs to be plugged so that the crack is completely exposed for easy observation; at the same time, drill a hole near the top of the crack to find the steel bars inside the concrete wall, make a hole at the steel bars, and fix a metal expansion bolt in close contact with the steel bars in the hole; (2) Select a metal anode strip with a length slightly smaller than the length of the crack on the concrete wall, drill a hole at the top of the metal anode strip to connect the first wire of the low-voltage DC power anode, insert the metal anode strip into a sponge block with a loose volume slightly larger than the transparent box, and then place the two in the transparent box; (3) Apply sealing paste to the surfaces of the sealing strips on the two edges of the open side of the transparent box, and fix a hook on the upper end of the crack surface on the concrete wall. Hang the transparent box on the hook so that the sponge block in the transparent box completely covers the crack. Then fix the transparent box to the concrete wall with a U-shaped clip so that the edge of the open side of the transparent box fits tightly with the surface of the concrete wall. The length of the selected long strip transparent box is slightly larger than the length of the crack. (4) Use strong tape to stick one side of a plastic sheet with a width greater than that of the transparent box to the concrete wall below the bottom of the transparent box. Then put the other side of the plastic sheet that is drooping into a bucket that is used as a sink below the transparent box. The volume of the bucket should be greater than that of the transparent box. Then put the micro submersible pump in the bucket, and extend one end of the outlet pipe connected to the micro submersible pump into the top surface of the transparent box. (5) If the cracks on the concrete wall have extended to the ground, there is no space for placing a bucket under the transparent box, that is, the above operation step (4) cannot be completed; then the above step (4) is performed as follows: around the bottom of the transparent box touching the ground, a water tank is built or bonded to form a small cofferdam around the transparent box, and the cofferdam is used as a water tank, and a micro submersible pump is placed in the cofferdam, and one end of the outlet pipe connected to the micro submersible pump is extended into the top surface of the transparent box; (6) Connect the electrochemical deposition power supply, that is, connect the negative electrode of the DC power supply to the metal expansion bolt that contacts the steel bars inside the concrete wall through the second wire, and connect the positive electrode to the metal anode strip; (7) injecting electrolyte into the transparent box until the electrolyte overflows from the overflow holes on both sides of the top of the transparent box and flows into the bucket or masonry sink below the transparent box through the outer wall of the transparent box and the plastic sheet attached to the bottom of the transparent box. When the electrolyte in the bucket or sink accumulates to a certain height, turn on the DC power supply and the power supply of the micro submersible pump, and adjust the water output of the micro submersible pump so that the electrolyte can just keep flowing out from the overflow holes on the sides of the top of the transparent box continuously and stably; (8) During the construction period, adjust the water output of the micro submersible pump at regular intervals to keep the outflow of electrolyte from the overflow hole of the transparent box roughly constant until the construction is completed.

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