A column-removal reinforcement structure and construction method applicable to multi-story I-beam steel frames

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building structure renovation technology, and in particular to a column removal reinforcement structure and construction method applicable to multi-story I-beam steel frames. The structure includes an intermediate component placed on the top surface of the column to be removed, with transverse components fixedly connected to the intermediate component. The transverse components are positioned on the top surface of the existing beams, and vertical components supporting the transverse components are located at both ends. The two vertical components are positioned on the outer sides of the two outermost existing columns. This invention supports the transverse components with the vertical components positioned on the outer sides of the existing columns, allowing the transverse components to be installed onto the existing beams. The intermediate component connects the two transverse components, enabling column removal construction on any floor of a multi-story factory building. This invention not only effectively avoids occupying interior space and maintains the stability of the overall structure during column removal, but also improves the load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the overall structure after column removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure modification technology, and in particular to a column-removal reinforcement structure and construction method applicable to multi-story I-beam steel frames. Background Technology

[0002] In building construction, the technique of combining cutting and reinforcement to remove columns is an important construction method. It aims to expand space by removing portions of columns while ensuring the stability and safety of the structure. Below are some popular techniques combining cutting and reinforcement to remove columns and their corresponding characteristics.

[0003] Beam-supported column removal reinforcement technology; Technical features: Replacing the removed column with a new beam, transferring the load to the beam. Applicable to steel or reinforced concrete structures such as factories and buildings.

[0004] Disadvantages: The construction period may be long because it requires the design, installation, and commissioning of the supporting beams. Although removing the columns can free up space at the bottom, the installation of the supporting beams reduces the space in the upper part of the building.

[0005] Static blasting column extraction technology; Technical characteristics: Static blasting technology is a technique that utilizes an expanding agent (such as a silent fracturing agent) to produce a chemical reaction under specific conditions, creating expansion pressure that causes cracks in objects such as rocks or concrete, leading to their gradual breakage. During the column extraction process, holes are drilled around the column and an expanding agent is injected, causing the column to gradually break and separate.

[0006] Disadvantages: Although static blasting technology produces less vibration compared to traditional blasting techniques, it can still have some impact on surrounding structures, especially when columns are located in sensitive areas. The entire construction process is relatively lengthy due to the need for drilling, injecting expanding agents, and waiting for their reaction. The equipment and material costs required for static blasting technology are relatively high, and the construction difficulty and technical requirements are also higher.

[0007] Hydraulic jacking column removal technology; Technology introduction: Hydraulic jacking technology is a technique that uses hydraulic jacks and other equipment to lift columns to a certain height, and then cut or remove them from below. During the column removal process, temporary support structures are usually set up around the column to ensure the stability of the structure during the jacking process.

[0008] Disadvantages: Hydraulic jacking technology requires precise calculation of the jacking force and the stability of the support structure, and necessitates the installation of temporary support structures, which takes up significant indoor space. Furthermore, there are substantial safety risks during the jacking and cutting processes, requiring strict protective measures.

[0009] In summary, various cutting and reinforcement combined column removal techniques each have their unique advantages and disadvantages. However, when removing columns in multi-story factory buildings, existing technical solutions can only be used for the top floor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a column removal reinforcement structure and construction method applicable to multi-story I-beam steel frames that can be used for column removal on any floor without demolishing the roof structure. This would not only effectively avoid occupying indoor space and maintain structural stability during the removal process, but also improve the overall load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the structure after the removal is completed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a column-removal reinforcement structure and construction method applicable to multi-story frames with I-beam structures, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a column-reinforcing structure applicable to multi-layer frames of I-beams, comprising an intermediate member placed on the top surface of the column to be removed, the intermediate member being fixedly connected to a transverse member, the transverse member being disposed on the top surface of the original beam, and vertical members for supporting the transverse member being disposed at both ends of the transverse member, the two vertical members being disposed on the outer sides of the two outermost original columns respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the intermediate component includes a lower steel plate fixedly connected to the top surface of the column to be removed, an upper steel plate is provided above the end of the lower steel plate away from the column to be removed, and a plurality of threaded steel bars are provided between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate.

[0013] Preferably, several of the threaded steel bars are arranged around the column to be removed.

[0014] Preferably, the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes on the upper steel plate are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes on the lower steel plate.

[0015] Preferably, both ends of the threaded steel bar pass through the through holes on the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate, respectively, and are fixedly connected to the through holes.

[0016] Preferably, the vertical member includes a first I-beam, which is disposed on the outside of the original column.

[0017] Preferably, the transverse member includes a second I-beam, which is connected to the original crossbeam by a number of rivets.

[0018] Preferably, reinforcing cages are respectively fitted onto the first I-beam and the original column, as well as the second I-beam and the original crossbeam.

[0019] Preferably, the second I-beam is disposed between the two first I-beams, and the two ends of the second I-beam are respectively welded to the ends of the first I-beams that are higher than the original column.

[0020] A construction method for column removal reinforcement of multi-story I-beam frame structures includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. First, install the intermediate component on the top surface of the column to be extracted;

[0022] S2. Then, the vertical members are installed on the outer sides of the original columns on both sides of the column to be removed;

[0023] S3. Install the transverse component onto the existing crossbeam, and install the transverse component into the intermediate component, with both ends of the transverse component installed onto the vertical component;

[0024] S4. Erect templates for the intermediate component, the vertical component, and the horizontal component;

[0025] S5. Pour concrete into the formwork;

[0026] S6. After the concrete reaches the required strength, the section of the column to be removed shall be demolished.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] This invention supports the horizontal members by setting vertical members on the outside of the original column, installs the horizontal members onto the original beam, and connects the two horizontal members through an intermediate member. This allows for column removal construction on any floor of a multi-story factory building. This invention not only effectively avoids occupying indoor space and maintains the stability of the overall structure during the column removal process, but also improves the load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the overall structure after the column removal is completed. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second I-beam structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first I-beam structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the middleware structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the original structure of the three-story factory building before the column removal is performed according to the present invention.

[0035] Among them, 1. Intermediate component; 2. Vertical component; 3. Horizontal component; 4. Column to be removed; 5. Existing column; 6. Existing beam; 7. Existing floor slab; 11. Upper steel plate; 12. Lower steel plate; 13. Threaded steel bar; 21. First I-beam; 31. Second I-beam. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Reference Figures 1-5 The present invention provides a column-reinforcing structure applicable to multi-layer frames of I-beams, including an intermediate component 1 placed on the top surface of the column 4 to be removed, the intermediate component 1 being fixedly connected to a transverse component 3, the transverse component 3 being set on the top surface of the original beam 6, and vertical components 2 for supporting the transverse component 3 being set at both ends of the transverse component 3, the two vertical components 2 being set on the outer sides of the two outermost original columns 5 respectively.

[0040] This invention supports the horizontal member 3 by setting the vertical member 2 on the outside of the original column 5, installing the horizontal member 3 onto the original beam 6, and connecting the two horizontal members 3 through the intermediate member 1. This allows for the removal of columns 4 on any floor of a multi-story factory building. This invention not only effectively avoids occupying indoor space and maintains the stability of the overall structure during the removal process, but also improves the load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the overall structure after the removal of columns.

[0041] Further optimizing the design, the intermediate component 1 includes a lower steel plate 12 fixedly connected to the top surface of the column 4 to be removed. An upper steel plate 11 is positioned above the end of the lower steel plate 12 facing away from the column 4 to be removed. Several threaded steel bars 13 are arranged between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12. The spacing between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12 can be adjusted by the several threaded steel bars 13, so that the transverse component 3 can be effectively positioned between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12.

[0042] To further optimize the design, several threaded steel bars 13 are placed around the column 4 to be removed. This ensures that the threaded steel bars 13 are positioned around the remaining section of the column 4 to be removed.

[0043] Threaded steel bar 13, also known as hot-rolled ribbed steel bar, is a type of steel bar with longitudinal and transverse ribs on its surface, typically used as the skeleton in reinforced concrete building components. The main purpose of threaded steel bar 13 is to withstand tensile stress in concrete structures. Its transverse ribs enhance the bond between the steel bar and concrete, better transferring stress and allowing the steel bar and concrete to work in better coordination and jointly withstand external forces. Threaded steel bars are widely used in various building structures, especially large, heavy, lightweight thin-walled, and high-rise building structures.

[0044] In order to ensure that the lower steel plate 12 can be stably positioned on the top surface of the column to be removed 4, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower steel plate 12 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column to be removed 4.

[0045] The design is further optimized by providing several through holes on both the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12, with each through hole on the upper steel plate 11 corresponding to one on the lower steel plate 12. This facilitates the threaded reinforcing bar 13 passing through the two corresponding through holes.

[0046] The design was further optimized so that the two ends of the threaded steel bar 13 respectively pass through the through holes on the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12 and are fixedly connected to the through holes.

[0047] The spacing between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12 can be adjusted by a number of threaded steel bars 13, so that the transverse member 3 can be effectively positioned between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12.

[0048] The scheme is further optimized. The vertical component 2 includes a first I-beam 21, which is set on the outside of the original column 5.

[0049] The scheme is further optimized. The transverse component 3 includes a second I-beam 31, which is connected to the original crossbeam 6 by a number of rivets.

[0050] An I-beam is a long strip of steel with an I-shaped cross-section, also known as a steel beam. I-beams are mainly divided into ordinary I-beams, lightweight I-beams, and wide-flange I-beams (also known as H-beams). Ordinary and lightweight I-beams have national standards, with specifications ranging from 10 to 60, corresponding to heights of 10cm to 60cm. Wide-flange I-beams are characterized by parallel flanges with no slope on the inner sides.

[0051] Characteristics of I-beams:

[0052] Cross-sectional shape: The cross-sectional shape of the I-beam is I-shaped, with flanges on the top and bottom sides and a web in the middle. This design allows the I-beam to better withstand compressive and shear forces under stress, and it has high resistance to bending, torsion and shear.

[0053] Material and Performance: I-beams are made of steel, possessing the high strength, high load-bearing capacity, and tensile and compressive strength inherent in steel. Furthermore, I-beams have uniform material composition, high cutting precision, and high reliability and stability.

[0054] Roll pass design: The specifications of I-beams are expressed in centimeters for the web width, such as a No. 10 I-beam, which has a web width of 10cm. Roll pass systems include straight rolling pass systems, skew rolling pass systems, and mixed pass systems, as well as special rolling methods, to meet different production needs.

[0055] Advantages of I-beams:

[0056] High strength: The cross-sectional shape and material of I-beams give them high resistance to bending, torsion and shear, and they can withstand greater pressure and shear force.

[0057] Good stability: I-beams have uniform material and high cutting precision, resulting in high reliability and stability, and are not prone to deformation or breakage.

[0058] Convenient construction: I-beams have a light weight, making them easy to process and install on site, which greatly shortens the construction period and improves construction efficiency.

[0059] Material savings: The smaller cross-sectional shape of I-beams allows for significant material savings by optimizing the structure and increasing load-bearing capacity. Compared to conventional structures, I-beam structures can reduce weight by 15%-20%.

[0060] Wide range of applications: I-beams are widely used in construction, bridges, and machinery manufacturing, serving as structural supports, beams, columns, trusses, and roofing materials in buildings, as well as supports, suspensions, beams, and foundations in bridges. Furthermore, I-beams can be processed into T-beams, honeycomb beams, and other materials to meet various engineering design and fabrication needs.

[0061] Further optimization of the plan involves installing steel cages on the outside of the first I-beam 21, the original column 5, the second I-beam 31, and the original beam 6.

[0062] Reinforcing cages are commonly used structures in construction engineering, primarily in concrete components, serving a tensile function. They typically consist of main bars, stirrups, crossbars, reinforcing bars, protective layer pads, and other components.

[0063] The steel reinforcement cages on the first I-beam 21 and the second I-beam 31 facilitate the pouring of concrete.

[0064] In a further optimized design, a second I-beam 31 is positioned between two first I-beams 21, with both ends of the second I-beam 31 welded to the ends of the first I-beams 21 that extend beyond the original column 5. This ensures that the first I-beams 21 can be effectively connected to the second I-beam 31.

[0065] A construction method for column removal reinforcement of multi-story I-beam frame structures includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Laterally reinforce the foundations of the original columns 5 on both sides of the column to be removed 4, in order to prepare for the connection of the original beams 6. After the reinforcement is completed, first install the intermediate part 1 on the top surface of the column to be removed 4; first weld the lower steel plate 12 to the top surface of the column to be removed 4, then determine the distance between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12 according to the specifications of the transverse part 3, then pass the threaded steel bar 13 through the through hole on the upper steel plate 11 and the through hole on the lower steel plate 12 corresponding to the through hole, and then weld the threaded steel bar 13 into the through hole to provide a reliable support point for the installation of the transverse part 3.

[0067] By arranging the threaded steel bars 13 on the cross sections of the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12, where the cross sections are larger than the cross sections of the column to be removed 4, a reliable support point is provided for the subsequent installation of the second I-beam 31; this ensures the firmness of the connection and improves the overall load-bearing capacity of the structure; at the same time, it can also effectively reduce the layout of indoor support structures.

[0068] S2. Then, vertical members 2 are respectively installed on the outside of the original columns 5 on both sides of the column to be removed 4; the first I-beam 21 is installed on the outside of the original column 5, and the outer wall of one side flange of the first I-beam 21 faces the original column 5, so that the first I-beam 21 and the original column 5 share the load; then, a steel cage is installed on the first I-beam 21, and one side of the steel cage on the first I-beam 21 is welded to the original column 5.

[0069] S3. Install the transverse member 3 onto the original crossbeam 6, and install the transverse member 3 into the intermediate member 1. Install both ends of the transverse member 3 onto the vertical member 2. Position the flange on one side of the second I-beam 31 toward the original crossbeam 6, so that the flange of the second I-beam 31 is connected to the original crossbeam 6 by several rivets, and the second I-beam 31 can extend between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12. By welding one end of the reinforcing cage on the second I-beam 31 to the threaded reinforcing bar 13, the reinforcing cage on the second I-beam 31 can be effectively positioned between the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12. By welding the other end of the reinforcing cage on the second I-beam 31 to one end of the reinforcing cage on the first I-beam 21, the reinforcing cage on the first I-beam 21 can be effectively connected to the reinforcing cage on the second I-beam 31.

[0070] By connecting the flange of the second I-beam 31 to the original crossbeam 6 with several rivets, the strength of the connection is ensured and the overall load-bearing capacity of the structure is improved. At the same time, the use of the second I-beam 31 makes construction more convenient and economical, and reduces construction costs.

[0071] S4. Erect formwork for intermediate component 1, vertical component 2, and horizontal component 3; that is, erect formwork at all steel reinforcement cages so that all steel reinforcement cages are inside the formwork.

[0072] S5. Pour concrete into the formwork; the concrete enables the reinforcing cage to form reinforced concrete with the first I-beam 21 and the second I-beam 31, thereby enhancing its load-bearing capacity and strengthening the anchoring capacity of the upper steel plate 11 and the lower steel plate 12.

[0073] The combination of concrete pouring and welding ensures the strength of the connection and facilitates construction and subsequent maintenance.

[0074] S6. After the concrete reaches the required strength, the section to be removed from column 4 is demolished.

[0075] The section to be removed from column 4 is cut, and the cut column is safely transported out of the building using hoisting equipment.

[0076] This invention employs non-destructive construction: by using the first I-beam 21 and the second I-beam 31, column removal can be carried out without dismantling the roof system, thereby avoiding damage to the factory structure caused by construction.

[0077] Cost reduction: Since there is no need to dismantle and rebuild the roof system, and the construction and dismantling of temporary support structures are reduced, the construction cost of this invention is significantly reduced; at the same time, the indoor working environment is also conducive to improving construction efficiency, further reducing labor costs.

[0078] Shortened construction period: The use of hoisting methods for column removal and the installation of the first H-beam 21 and the second H-beam 31 significantly improved construction speed. Furthermore, the stable indoor working environment, unaffected by weather, contributed to the continuity and stability of the construction schedule, thus shortening the overall construction period.

[0079] Improving structural stability: By reinforcing and modifying the column foundation and pouring concrete for the first I-beam 21 and the second I-beam 31, the construction method of the present invention not only ensures the structural stability during the column removal process, but also improves the overall load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the structure.

[0080] The present invention provides a column-removal reinforcement structure and construction method suitable for reinforced concrete structures, applicable to the following scenarios:

[0081] Single-story industrial plants: Particularly suitable for single-story industrial plants that require adjustments to spatial layout or optimization of production processes. Through column removal construction, the internal space of the plant can be flexibly adjusted to meet different production needs.

[0082] Renovation of Old Factory Buildings: This invention provides an economical and efficient solution for old factory buildings that require structural reinforcement and renovation. Through reinforcement, renovation, and the design of new structures, the load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the factory buildings can be improved, and their service life can be extended.

[0083] Special environmental requirements: In scenarios requiring a stable indoor environment and protection from external interference, such as precision manufacturing and electronics production, the construction method of this invention offers significant advantages. By operating indoors, the stability of construction quality and schedule can be ensured, meeting the specific environmental requirements.

[0084] Other applications requiring column removal: Besides single-story industrial buildings and renovations of old factory buildings, this invention can also be applied to other applications requiring column removal, such as commercial buildings and warehousing facilities. Through flexible construction design and optimized construction processes, it can meet the column removal needs of various situations.

[0085] Reference Figure 5 The present invention can also perform column removal work on any floor of a multi-story building, that is, perform separate column removal construction on the first, second and third floors of a three-story factory building.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] When a large-span space needs to be formed and multiple columns need to be removed, the columns to be removed are planned so that they are on a straight line between the two outermost original columns 5. Then, the construction is carried out according to the construction method of the present invention for the column removal and reinforcement structure of a multi-layer frame of I-beam structure, so that the construction of multiple columns to be removed can be completed.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] When performing column removal work at the bottom layer, the threaded steel bar 13 penetrates the original floor slab 7 on the bottom layer. By penetrating the original floor slab 7 on the bottom layer, the column removal work at the bottom layer of the multi-story factory building can be effectively carried out. The column removal work can be completed by following the construction method of column removal reinforcement structure applicable to multi-story frame of I-beam structure of the present invention.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0091] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A column-removal reinforcement structure applicable to multi-story I-beam steel frames, characterized in that: Includes an intermediate component (1) placed on the top surface of the column to be removed (4), the intermediate component (1) is fixedly connected to a horizontal component (3), the horizontal component (3) is set on the top surface of the original beam (6), and vertical components (2) for supporting the horizontal component (3) are respectively set at both ends of the horizontal component (3), and the two vertical components (2) are respectively set on the outside of the two outermost original columns (5); The intermediate component (1) includes a lower steel plate (12) fixedly connected to the top surface of the column to be removed (4). An upper steel plate (11) is provided above the end of the lower steel plate (12) away from the column to be removed (4). A plurality of threaded steel bars (13) are provided between the upper steel plate (11) and the lower steel plate (12). The upper steel plate (11) and the lower steel plate (12) are respectively provided with a number of through holes; The two ends of the threaded steel bar (13) pass through the through hole on the upper steel plate (11) and the through hole on the lower steel plate (12) respectively, and are fixedly connected to the through hole.

2. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned threaded steel bars (13) are arranged around the column to be removed (4).

3. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 2, characterized in that: The through holes on the upper steel plate (11) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes on the lower steel plate (12).

4. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical member (2) includes a first I-beam (21), which is located on the outside of the original column (5).

5. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transverse member (3) includes a second I-beam (31), which is connected to the original crossbeam (6) by a number of rivets.

6. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first I-beam (21) and the original column (5), as well as the second I-beam (31) and the original beam (6), are respectively fitted with steel cages.

7. The column-removal reinforcement structure for multi-story I-beam frames according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second I-beam (31) is positioned between the two first I-beams (21), and the two ends of the second I-beam (31) are respectively welded to the end of the first I-beam (21) that is higher than the original column (5).

8. A construction method for a column-removal reinforcement structure applicable to multi-story I-beam frame structures, based on the column-removal reinforcement structure applicable to multi-story I-beam frame structures as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First, install the intermediate component (1) on the top surface of the column to be extracted (4); S2. Then, the vertical members (2) are respectively installed on the outside of the original columns (5) on both sides of the column to be removed (4); S3. Install the transverse component (3) onto the original crossbeam (6), and install the transverse component (3) into the intermediate component (1), with both ends of the transverse component (3) installed onto the vertical component (2); S4. Erect templates for the intermediate component (1), the vertical component (2), and the horizontal component (3); S5. Pour concrete into the formwork; S6. After the concrete reaches the required strength, the section to be removed from the column (4) is demolished.

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