Anti-falling float collar float shoe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of well cementation engineering tools, and discloses an anti-falling float collar float shoe which comprises a float collar, a sleeve and a float shoe, the float collar, the sleeve and the float shoe are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the float collar comprises a first pipe body, a first anti-falling connecting piece and a first one-way flow guide piece, the first one-way flow guide piece is arranged in the first pipe body, and the first anti-falling connecting piece is connected with the first one-way flow guide piece. The first pipe body is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first pipe body and used for preventing cement paste from flowing back into the casing pipe, and the first anti-disengaging connecting pieces are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first pipe body correspondingly. The design of the first one-way flow guiding piece and the second one-way flow guiding piece ensures that the cement paste can flow forwards into an annular space between the casing pipe and the well wall in the well cementation process; and cement paste is effectively prevented from flowing back to the interior of the casing pipe, so that the stability and the sealing performance of the casing pipe can be kept, and the casing pipe has the advantages of being high in practicability and firmness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cementing engineering tools, in particular to an anti-detachment type floating collar and floating shoe. Background Art

[0002] In the oil and gas drilling industry, cementing operations are a key step to ensure wellbore stability and subsequent production safety. During the cementing process, float collars and float shoes are two important components. Their main tasks are to guide the casing into the wellbore smoothly and prevent cement slurry from flowing back into the casing, thereby ensuring the quality of cementing. However, traditional float collars and float shoes have some technical defects that affect their performance and reliability.

[0003] In the early design, although the choke ring (support ring) can limit the position of the cementing plug and ensure the cementing quality at the bottom of the oil layer casing, the welding time is long, which affects the timeliness of the overall casing and increases the risk of loose connection. If the lower structure of the casing string, such as the float collar and float shoe, is offset, it will cause more cement on one side and less on the other side during cementing, thus affecting the overall effect of cementing. In addition, when the internal valve core of the float collar and float shoe is drilled out after cementing, due to the poor drillability of its internal structure or the poor cement bonding quality of the casing bottom, it is easy to cause the float collar and float shoe to reverse and disengage as a whole, which not only increases the difficulty of handling, but also may cause serious complex downhole faults.

[0004] Recently, an invention patent with the publication number CN118327509B proposed a floating collar and floating shoe for cementing, which includes a floating collar and floating shoe body, the inner wall of which is fixedly connected to a sealing seat, the outer wall of the first connecting shaft is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod, and the upper surface of the chassis is fixedly connected to a second support block. Although this design improves the functionality of the equipment by adding multiple mechanical components, in actual applications, this floating collar and floating shoe is only connected to the casing by threads, and the tightness and reliability are poor, and the problem of unstable connection is not completely solved. This limitation may cause the connection between the floating collar and the casing to loosen or fall off under high pressure or high vibration environment, thereby affecting the safety and effectiveness of cementing operations. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-detachment floating collar and floating shoe with strong practicality and reliability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an anti-dropping floating collar and floating shoe to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anti-slip floating collar and a floating shoe, comprising a floating collar, a casing and a floating shoe, wherein the floating collar, the casing and the floating shoe are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the floating collar comprises a pipe body 1, an anti-slip connector 1 and a one-way flow guide 1, the one-way flow guide 1 is arranged in the pipe body 1, and is used to prevent cement slurry from flowing back into the casing, the anti-slip connector 1 is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the pipe body 1, and is used to be anti-slip connected with the casing, the floating shoe comprises a pipe body 2, a guide cap, an anti-slip connector 2 and a one-way flow guide 2, the one-way flow guide 2 and the one-way flow guide 1 have the same structure and similar function, and are used to help the casing to be smoothly lowered into the wellbore and prevent the fluid in the well from entering the inside of the casing, the anti-slip connector 2 is arranged at the upper end of the floating shoe, the anti-slip connector 2 and the anti-slip connector 1 have the same structure and the same function, and the guide cap is integrally formed and arranged at the lower end of the pipe body 2.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the one-way flow guide member includes a baffle plate, a sealing ball, a ball rod, a spring and a flower basket. The baffle plate is arranged inside the tube body. The baffle plate is hollow inside and has an opening through the lower end. The flower basket is fixedly installed at the central position of the opening. The ball rod is movably installed at the middle position of the flower basket. The sealing ball is fixedly installed at the top of the ball rod. The spring is arranged outside the ball rod. The upper end of the spring abuts against the sealing ball and the lower end abuts against the flower basket. The baffle plate is provided with an opening two through the central position of the upper end. A spherical sealing groove is provided at the lower end of the opening two. The spherical sealing groove and the sealing ball are correspondingly arranged.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the one-way flow guide member 1 also includes a spoiler 2, a sealing ball 2, a spring 2 and a ball rod 2. The spoiler 2 is fixedly installed inside the tube body 1, and the spoiler 2 is arranged above the spoiler 1. The ball rod 2 is movably installed through the upper edge of the spoiler 1. The ball rod 2 is arranged in a circular array on the upper end of the spoiler 1. The sealing ball 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the ball rod 2. The spring 2 is sleeved outside the ball rod 2. The upper end of the spring 2 is in contact with the sealing ball 2 and the lower end is in contact with the spoiler 1. An opening 3 is opened through the upper end of the spoiler 2. The opening 3 is arranged in a circular array on the spoiler 2. A spherical sealing groove 2 is opened at the lower end of the opening 3. The spherical sealing groove 2 and the sealing ball 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the diameter of the opening one is larger than the diameter of the opening two, the flower basket includes a central fixed block and a connecting rod, the central fixed block is arranged at the central position of the opening one, the central fixed block and the spoiler one are fixedly connected by the connecting rod, the connecting rods are arranged in a circular array, and the diameter of the opening two is larger than the diameter of the opening three.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the spoiler plate 1 is movably installed in the tube body 1 and the outer wall surface of the spoiler plate 1 is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the tube body 1. A placement groove is provided on one side wall of the spoiler. The placement grooves are arranged in a circular array around the opening 1. A thruster is provided in the placement groove for pushing the spoiler plate 1 toward the spoiler plate 2 after being pressurized so as to improve the sealing of the opening 3. A rubber sealing ring is embedded in the upper side wall of the spoiler plate 1.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the propulsion member includes a spring three, a propulsion block, a propulsion head and a rack. The spring three is fixedly installed at one end of the placement groove adjacent to the opening one, the propulsion block is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the spring three, the propulsion head is fixedly installed at the end of the propulsion block, a sliding contact surface one is provided on the propulsion head, a strip groove is provided on the inner wall of the tube body one, the strip groove and the placement groove are arranged one-to-one, the rack is fixedly installed in the strip groove, and a sliding contact surface two corresponding to the sliding contact surface one is provided on the rack, and the sliding contact surface two is in sliding contact with the sliding contact surface one.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the anti-detachment connector 1 includes a connecting tube and an externally threaded connecting ring, the connecting tube, the tube body 1, the sleeve and the tube body 2 have the same outer diameters, the externally threaded connecting ring is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the connecting tube, the connecting tube, the externally threaded connecting ring, the tube body 1, the sleeve and the tube body 2 have the same inner diameters, the tube body 1 and the upper and lower ends of the sleeve and the upper end of the tube body 2 are respectively provided with internal thread grooves, the internal thread grooves and the externally threaded connecting rings are correspondingly arranged and the externally threaded connecting rings are threadedly connected in the corresponding internal thread grooves.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, an anti-slip positioning groove is opened in the connecting pipe, and the anti-slip positioning groove is arranged in a circular array in the connecting pipe. A multi-point locking piece is provided in the anti-slip positioning groove for anti-slipping fixation of the floating collar and the floating shoe.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the multi-point locking member includes a locking block, a fixed plate, a rotating rod 1, a bevel gear 1, a rotating rod 2, a bevel gear 2 and a handle, the locking block is symmetrically and movably installed in the anti-slip positioning groove, the end away from the locking block is fixedly installed with a locking head, the upper and lower ends of the tube body 1 and the sleeve and the upper end of the tube body 2 are evenly distributed with locking grooves, the locking grooves and the locking heads are correspondingly arranged, the locking heads pass through the connecting tube and are located in the corresponding locking grooves, the fixed plate is symmetrically and fixedly installed in the anti-slip positioning groove, the fixed The spacing between the plates is smaller than the spacing between the locking blocks, the rotating rod 1 is movably installed in the fixed plate, the opposite end of the rotating rod 1 is fixedly installed with the bevel gear 1, the end of the rotating rod 1 away from the corresponding locking block is threadedly connected, the rotating rod 2 is movably installed outside the anti-slip positioning groove, one end of the rotating rod 2 extends into the anti-slip positioning groove and is fixedly installed with the bevel gear 2, the bevel gear 2 is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding bevel gear 1, and the other end of the rotating rod 2 passes through the connecting pipe and is provided with the handle.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the handle includes a connecting handle and a screw plate, the other end of the rotating rod is movably connected to the connecting handle, the screw plate is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting handle, a limiting block is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating rod, a limiting groove corresponding to the limiting block is opened in the connecting handle, the limiting block is movably installed in the limiting groove, the side wall of the connecting tube is opened with an embedding groove, the embedding groove and the handle are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the screw plate is embedded and installed in the corresponding embedding groove, the outer wall surface of the screw plate and the outer wall surface of the connecting tube are arranged flush, the embedding groove is symmetrically opened with arc grooves, and the side wall of the screw plate is symmetrically opened with hand-picking grooves.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) Preventing cement slurry from flowing back: The design of the one-way flow guide 1 and the one-way flow guide 2 ensures that the cement slurry can flow forward into the annular space between the casing and the well wall during the cementing process, and effectively prevents the cement slurry from flowing back into the casing, which helps to maintain the stability and sealing of the casing; (2) Enhanced sealing performance: The dual sealing mechanism (the first-stage sealing system consisting of sealing ball 1, spring 1, etc. and the second-stage sealing system consisting of spoiler 2 and sealing ball 2) significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system and ensures good sealing effect even in high-pressure or high-vibration environments; (3) Improve installation stability: The design of the anti-drop connector 1 and the anti-drop connector 2 ensures a firm connection between the float collar and the float shoe and the casing, preventing the equipment from loosening or falling off due to vibration or impact, thereby ensuring the integrity of the entire system; (4) Ability to adapt to complex environments: The propulsion element can automatically adjust the position of the baffle plate under high pressure, enhancing the sealing effect and adapting to complex downhole working conditions; (5) Simplified installation process: Design consistency and component commonality (such as the same anti-drop connector and one-way flow guide structure) simplify the installation process, reduce the risk of misusing different types of connectors, and reduce manufacturing costs and improve production efficiency; (6) Redundant design increases system reliability: The additional locking slots provided by the multi-point locking parts provide redundant protection for the system, increasing the reliability and stability of the system. Even if some locking heads or locking slots fail, the system can still be locked through other available locking slots; (7) Easy to operate and maintain: The embedded design and flush handle not only enhance the aesthetic appearance, but also increase the safety of use, reduce the possibility of accidental collision of the screw plate with external objects, and reduce the risk of unexpected unlocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the floating collar of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a first partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of a floating collar of the present invention; Figure 5 is a second partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of a floating collar of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a one-way flow guide member 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a first partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the one-way flow guide member 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 is a second partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the one-way flow guide member 1 of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the floating shoe of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the floating shoe of the present invention; Fig.11 The present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Fig.12 The present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Fig.13The present invention Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the center C; In the figure: 1-sleeve, 2-tube body 1, 21-strip groove, 3-anti-slip connector 1, 31-connecting pipe, 311-anti-slip positioning groove, 312-embedded groove, 313-arc groove, 32-external thread connecting ring, 33-internal thread groove, 4-one-way flow guide 1, 41-baffle 1, 411-opening 1, 412-opening 2, 413-spherical sealing groove 1, 414-placing groove, 415-rubber sealing ring, 42-sealing ball 1, 43-ball rod 1, 44-spring 1, 45-flower basket, 451-center fixing block, 452-connecting rod, 46-baffle 2, 461-opening Mouth three, 462-spherical sealing groove two, 47-sealing ball two, 48-spring two, 49-ball rod two, 5-tube body two, 6-guide cap, 7-propelling member, 71-spring three, 72-propelling block, 73-propelling head, 731-sliding contact surface one, 74-rack, 741-sliding contact surface two, 8-multi-point locking member, 81-locking block, 811-locking head, 82-fixing plate, 83-rotating rod one, 84-conical gear one, 85-rotating rod two, 851-limiting block, 86-conical gear two, 87-handle, 871-connecting handle, 872-screwing plate, 88-locking groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: an anti-slip floating collar and a floating shoe, comprising a floating collar, a casing 1 and a floating shoe, wherein the floating collar, the casing 1 and the floating shoe are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the floating collar comprises a pipe body 2, an anti-slip connector 3 and a one-way flow guide 4, the one-way flow guide 4 is arranged in the pipe body 2, and is used to prevent the cement slurry from flowing back into the casing 1, the anti-slip connector 3 is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the pipe body 2, and is used to be anti-slip connected with the casing 1, the floating shoe comprises a pipe body 5, a guide cap 6, an anti-slip connector 2 and a one-way flow guide 2, the one-way flow guide 2 and the one-way flow guide 1 have the same structure and similar function, and are used to help the casing 1 to be smoothly lowered into the wellbore and prevent the fluid in the well from entering the inside of the casing 1, the anti-slip connector 2 is arranged at the upper end of the floating shoe, the anti-slip connector 2 and the anti-slip connector 3 have the same structure and the same function, and the guide cap 6 is integrally formed and arranged at the lower end of the pipe body 5; The present application includes a floating hoop, a casing 1 and a floating shoe. The casing 1 is a common basic structure in the technical field and is not described in detail here. The floating hoop includes a pipe body 2, an anti-detachment connector 3 and a one-way flow guide 4. The floating shoe includes a pipe body 5, a guide cap 6, an anti-detachment connector 2 and a one-way flow guide 2. The pipe body 2 and the pipe body 2 5 are the main structural parts of the floating hoop and the floating shoe, and are made of high-strength materials, such as carbon steel, to ensure their durability and strength in harsh environments. The anti-detachment connector 1 3 and the anti-detachment connector 2 have the same structure and the same function, and are both used to improve the tightness and reliability of the connection with the casing 1 to prevent accidental separation between the casing and the floating hoop and the floating shoe, which is beneficial to ensure the integrity of the entire system under high pressure or high vibration environments. The one-way flow guide 2 and the one-way flow guide 4 have the same structure and similar functions. The one-way flow guide 2 Located in the float shoe, its main function is to help the casing to be lowered into the wellbore smoothly and prevent the fluid in the well from entering the casing, playing the role of the first layer of protection. The one-way flow guide 4 is located in the float collar. Once the casing reaches the predetermined position, during the cementing operation, cement slurry will be pumped into the annular space between the casing and the well wall to fix the casing. At this time, the function of the one-way flow guide 4 is to prevent the cement slurry from flowing back into the casing 1, ensuring that the cement slurry can be evenly distributed around the casing 1 to form an effective sealing layer, which not only helps to maintain the stability of the casing 1, but also prevents the well wall from collapsing or other downhole problems, thereby playing the role of the second layer of protection. The guide cap 6 is integrally formed at the lower end of the pipe body 2 5. Its existence helps to reduce the resistance encountered when the casing 1 is lowered, and helps the casing 1 to be accurately lowered into the wellbore along the predetermined path; The main structure of the floating collar and the floating shoe of the present application is the same, which means consistency and simplification in design, which is conducive to large-scale production. At the same time, this consistency is also convenient for maintenance and replacement. The same spare parts can be used to repair any one of the floating collar or the floating shoe. The anti-detachment connector 1 3 and the anti-detachment connector 2 have the same structure, which means that the manufacturer can mass-produce these components in the factory, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and improving production efficiency. Since they are universal, there is no need to distinguish between different connectors in actual applications, which simplifies the installation process and reduces the risks caused by misusing different types of connectors. Although the one-way guide 1 4 and the one-way guide 2 are located inside the floating collar and the floating shoe, they have similar functions, both of which are to prevent fluid backflow and ensure the success of cementing operations. By adopting the same structural design, these guides can provide a consistent sealing effect and increase the reliability of the system; Specifically, the one-way flow guide 4 includes a spoiler 41, a sealing ball 42, a ball rod 43, a spring 44 and a basket 45. The spoiler 41 is arranged inside the tube body 2. The spoiler 41 is hollow inside and has an opening 411 extending through the lower end. The basket 45 is fixedly installed at the central position of the opening 411. The ball rod 43 is movably installed at the middle position of the basket 45. The sealing ball 42 is fixedly installed at the top of the ball rod 43. The spring 44 is sleeved outside the ball rod 43. The upper end of the spring 44 abuts against the sealing ball 42 and the lower end abuts against the basket 45. The spoiler 41 is provided with an opening 412 extending through the central position of the upper end. A spherical sealing groove 413 is provided at the lower end of the opening 412. The spherical sealing groove 413 and the sealing ball 42 are provided correspondingly. The spoiler 41 is one of the core components of the one-way flow guide, which is located inside the tube body 2 and is hollow in design. There is an opening 411 at its lower end to allow fluid to pass through. There is also an opening 412 at the central position of the upper end of the spoiler 41 for the entry of fluid. The spherical sealing groove 413 is arranged below the opening 412 and is used in conjunction with the sealing ball 42 to achieve sealing. The flower basket 45 is fixedly installed in the central position of the opening 411, which provides a fixed support point where the ball rod 43 can move. The design of the flower basket 45 helps to reduce the impact of the fluid on the ball rod 43 and the sealing ball 42, while ensuring that they can move freely. The ball rod 43 is a rod connecting the sealing ball 42 and the spring 44. It can move in the middle of the flower basket 45. Its main function is to connect the sealing ball 42 with the spring 44, so as to ensure that the sealing ball 42 can move up and down when needed. When there is no fluid pressure or backflow occurs, the sealing ball 42 is located in the spherical sealing groove 413 to prevent the fluid from backflowing. When the forward fluid passes through, the pressure of the fluid will push the sealing ball 42 to leave the spherical sealing groove 413, so that the fluid can flow out through the opening 2 412 and the opening 1 411. The spring 44 is sleeved on the outside of the ball rod 43 to provide a restoring force. When the forward fluid stops flowing or backflow occurs, the function of the spring 44 is to help the sealing ball 42 quickly return to the position of the spherical sealing groove 413, re-establish the sealing state, and prevent backflow. When the fluid flows from the upper side (opening 2 412) to the lower side (opening 1 411), the pressure of the fluid will overcome the elastic force of the spring 1 44, pushing the sealing ball 1 42 away from the spherical sealing groove 1 413, allowing the fluid to pass through. Once the fluid attempts to flow in the reverse direction (i.e., flow from the lower side to the upper side), the sealing ball 1 42 will be pressed against the spherical sealing groove 1 413 under the action of the spring 1 44, forming a seal to prevent the occurrence of reverse flow. Specifically, the one-way flow guide 14 also includes a spoiler 2 46, a sealing ball 2 47, a spring 2 48 and a ball rod 2 49. The spoiler 2 46 is fixedly installed inside the tube 2, the spoiler 2 46 is arranged above the spoiler 1 41, and the ball rod 2 49 is movably installed at the upper edge of the spoiler 1 41. The ball rod 2 49 is arranged in a circular array at the upper end of the spoiler 1 41, and the sealing ball 2 47 is fixedly installed on the top of the ball rod 2 49. Sealing ball 2 47, the spring 2 48 is sleeved outside the ball rod 2 49, the upper end of the spring 2 48 is in contact with the sealing ball 2 47 and the lower end is in contact with the baffle 1 41, the upper end of the baffle 2 46 is penetrated by an opening 3 461, the opening 3 461 is arranged in a circular array on the baffle 2 46, the lower end of the opening 3 461 is provided with a spherical sealing groove 2 462, the spherical sealing groove 2 462 and the sealing ball 2 47 are arranged one by one; The spoiler plate 2 46 is a new component fixedly installed inside the tube body 2, located above the spoiler plate 1 41, and is connected to the outside through multiple openings 3 461, and each opening 3 461 has a spherical sealing groove 2 462 below it. The sealing balls 2 47 are installed on the top of the ball rod 2 49, corresponding to the spherical sealing grooves 2 462 one by one. Their function is to fall into the spherical sealing grooves 2 462 to form a seal when there is no positive fluid pressure or reverse flow occurs, so as to prevent the fluid from flowing back. The spring 2 48 is sleeved on the outside of the ball rod 2 49 to provide a restoring force. When the positive fluid passes through, the pressure of the fluid will compress the spring 2 48, so that the sealing ball 2 47 leaves the spherical sealing groove 2 462, and when there is reverse flow or no fluid flow, the spring 2 48 will push the sealing ball 2 47 back to the sealing position. The ball rod 2 49 is movably installed at the upper edge of the spoiler plate 1 41, and is distributed in a circular array. They connect the sealing balls 2 47 and the spring 2 48, allowing the sealing balls 2 47 to move up and down according to the fluid pressure. When the fluid enters from opening three 461 and passes through baffle plate two 46, the pressure of the fluid will overcome the elastic force of spring two 48, pushing sealing ball two 47 to leave spherical sealing groove two 462, and the fluid can flow out through opening two 412 and opening one 411 on baffle plate two 46 and baffle plate one 41. Once the fluid tries to flow in the opposite direction (i.e., flow from bottom to top), sealing ball two 47 will be pressed against spherical sealing groove two 462 under the action of spring two 48 to form a seal to prevent the occurrence of reverse flow. At the same time, if the first-stage seal (composed of sealing ball one 42 and spherical sealing groove one 413) fails, the second-stage sealing system will serve as a backup to continue to prevent reverse flow. The double-layer sealing mechanism significantly enhances the safety and reliability of the system. Even under extreme conditions, such as high pressure or high vibration environment, the double protection can ensure that the fluid will not flow back into the casing, thereby ensuring the successful completion of the cementing operation. Specifically, the diameter of the opening 1 411 is greater than the diameter of the opening 2 412, the flower basket 45 includes a central fixing block 451 and a connecting rod 452, the central fixing block 451 is arranged at the center of the opening 1 411, the central fixing block 451 and the spoiler 1 41 are fixedly connected by the connecting rod 452, the connecting rod 452 is arranged in a circular array, and the diameter of the opening 2 412 is greater than the diameter of the opening 3 461; The opening 1 411 is an opening located at the lower end of the baffle plate 1 41, and has a larger diameter, allowing the sealing ball 1 42 to move freely under the action of the spring 1 44 and ensuring sufficient flow. The opening 2 412 is an opening located at the center of the upper end of the baffle plate 1 41, and has a smaller diameter than the opening 1 411, but larger than the opening 3 461. This design can ensure that the fluid can smoothly enter and push the sealing ball 1 42 out of the spherical sealing groove 1 413. The opening 3 461 is a plurality of openings located on the baffle plate 2 46, which are arranged in a circular array and have the smallest diameter, which helps to control the flow path of the fluid and ensure that there is a corresponding sealing ball 2 47 and spherical sealing groove 1 413 under each opening. The sealing groove 462 is used to achieve effective sealing. The central fixing block 451 is the core part of the flower basket 45 and is fixedly installed at the central position of the opening 411. Its function is to provide a stable support point for the ball rod 43 to ensure that the sealing ball 42 can move up and down at its central position. The connecting rod 452 connects the central fixing block 451 with the spoiler 41 and is distributed in a circular array, which not only enhances the overall structural strength of the flower basket 45, but also ensures that the fluid can be subjected to uniform resistance when passing through the opening 411, so as not to affect the normal operation of the sealing ball 42, and helps to disperse the fluid pressure to avoid damage to the sealing ball or other components due to excessive local pressure; Specifically, the spoiler 1 41 is movably installed in the tube body 1 2, and the outer wall surface of the spoiler 1 41 is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the tube body 2. The side wall of the spoiler 1 41 is provided with a placement groove 414, and the placement grooves 414 are arranged in a circular array around the opening 1 411. A thruster 7 is provided in the placement groove 414, which is used to push the spoiler 1 41 toward the spoiler 2 46 after being pressurized, so as to improve the sealing performance of the opening 3 461. A rubber sealing ring 415 is embedded and installed on the upper side wall of the spoiler 1 41; The baffle plate 1 41 is designed to move only upward, which means that it can move toward the baffle plate 2 46 under high pressure to enhance the sealing effect. With the passage of time and continuous pressure, the elasticity of the spring 2 48 will gradually weaken. Due to material fatigue, creep or other factors, when the restoring force of the spring 2 48 is not enough to overcome the high pressure in the well, the spring 2 48 will not be able to effectively keep the baffle plate 1 41 in its original position. As the pressure in the well increases, if the restoring force of the spring 2 48 is not enough to offset the pressure, the fluid pressure in the well will directly act on the baffle plate 1 41, forcing it to move upward. This process can automatically adjust the tightness of the seal. To ensure good sealing performance even in a high-pressure environment, when the spoiler 1 41 moves upward and approaches the spoiler 2 46, it can fit more closely to the spherical sealing groove 2 462 around the opening 3 461, so that the sealing ball 2 47 can better fill these grooves and provide a better sealing effect. The rubber sealing ring 415 is embedded and installed on the upper side wall of the spoiler 1 41, providing an additional sealing layer. When the spoiler 1 41 moves, the rubber sealing ring 415 can ensure the sealing performance between it and the inner wall of the tube body 1 2 to avoid fluid leakage. The rubber material has good elasticity and wear resistance, which enables it to maintain a good sealing effect after long-term use; Specifically, the propulsion member 7 includes a spring three 71, a propulsion block 72, a propulsion head 73 and a rack 74. The spring three 71 is fixedly installed at one end of the placement groove 414 adjacent to the opening one 411, the propulsion block 72 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the spring three 71, the propulsion head 73 is fixedly installed at the end of the propulsion block 72, and a sliding contact surface one 731 is provided on the propulsion head 73. A strip groove 21 is provided on the inner wall of the tube body one 2, and the strip groove 21 and the placement groove 414 are arranged one-to-one. The rack 74 is fixedly installed in the strip groove 21, and a sliding contact surface two 741 corresponding to the sliding contact surface one 731 is provided on the rack 74, and the sliding contact surface two 741 and the sliding contact surface one 731 are in sliding contact; In the absence of external pressure, the spring three 71 is at a natural length. At this time, the push block 72 and the push head 73 are located at the starting position of the placement groove 414. The sliding contact surface 1 731 of the push head 73 keeps in contact with the sliding contact surface 2 741 of the rack 74 but does not generate additional thrust. When the pressure in the well is too high or the elasticity of the spring two 48 is weakened, this pressure will act on the push block 72 and the push head 73, so that they overcome the elastic force of the spring three 71 and slide along the rack 74. Due to the design of the sliding contact surface 1 731 and the sliding contact surface 2 741, this sliding is smooth and controllable. As the push head 73 slides along the rack 74, it will apply an upward thrust to the spoiler one 41, so that the spoiler one 41 gradually approaches the spoiler two 46, thereby increasing the sealing of the opening three 461. Specifically, the anti-drop connector 13 includes a connecting tube 31 and an externally threaded connecting ring 32. The connecting tube 31, the tube body 12, the sleeve 1 and the tube body 25 have the same outer diameters. The externally threaded connecting ring 32 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the connecting tube 31. The connecting tube 31, the externally threaded connecting ring 32, the tube body 12, the sleeve 1 and the tube body 25 have the same inner diameters. The upper and lower ends of the tube body 12 and the sleeve 1 and the upper end of the tube body 25 are respectively provided with internal thread grooves 33. The internal thread grooves 33 and the externally threaded connecting rings 32 are correspondingly arranged and the externally threaded connecting rings 32 are threadedly connected in the corresponding internal thread grooves 33. The connecting pipe 31 is the main part of the anti-drop connector 3, which is used to connect different pipe sections. The outer diameter of the connecting pipe 31 is the same as that of other components (such as the pipe body 2, the sleeve 1 and the pipe body 5), which ensures the appearance consistency and installation convenience of the entire system. The external threaded connecting rings 32 are symmetrically fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting pipe 31. They are parts with external threads and are designed to be used in conjunction with corresponding internal thread grooves 33 to achieve threaded connection between the connector and other components. The internal thread grooves 33 are respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the pipe body 2 and the sleeve 1 and the upper end of the pipe body 5. The position of the internal thread grooves 33 corresponds to the external threaded connecting rings 32, and the sizes match, so that the external threaded connecting rings 32 can be accurately screwed into and tightened in the corresponding internal thread grooves 33; Specifically, an anti-slip positioning groove 311 is provided in the connecting pipe 31, and the anti-slip positioning groove 311 is arranged in a circumferential array in the connecting pipe 31. A multi-point locking piece 8 is provided in the anti-slip positioning groove 311 for anti-slipping and fixing the floating collar and the floating shoe; The anti-dropping positioning groove 311 is a groove opened inside the connecting pipe 31, which is distributed in a circumferential array. This design allows multiple locking positions, improves the stability and reliability of locking, and provides a fixed interface for the multi-point locking member 8, so that the locking member can accurately embed and fix the floating collar or floating shoe. Through such a design, the floating collar or floating shoe can be effectively prevented from loosening or falling off due to vibration, impact or other external forces during underground operations, maintaining a high degree of safety in extreme environments and avoiding major accidents caused by equipment falling off; Specifically, the multi-point locking member 8 includes a locking block 81, a fixing plate 82, a rotating rod 1 83, a bevel gear 1 84, a rotating rod 2 85, a bevel gear 2 86 and a handle 87. The locking block 81 is symmetrically and movably installed in the anti-slip positioning groove 311. A locking head 811 is fixedly installed at the end away from the locking block 81. Locking grooves 88 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the upper and lower ends of the tube body 1 2 and the sleeve 1 and the upper end of the tube body 2 5. The locking grooves 88 and the locking heads 811 are correspondingly arranged. The locking heads 811 penetrate the connecting tube 31 and are located in the corresponding locking grooves 88. The fixing plate 82 is symmetrically and fixedly installed in the anti-slip positioning groove 311. The spacing between the fixing plates 82 is smaller than the spacing between the locking blocks 81. The fixing plates 82 are movably mounted with the rotating rod 1 83. The opposite end of the rotating rod 1 83 is fixedly mounted with the bevel gear 1 84. The end of the rotating rod 1 83 away from the fixing plate 82 is threadedly connected to the corresponding locking block 81. The rotating rod 2 85 is movably mounted on the outer side of the anti-slip positioning groove 311. One end of the rotating rod 2 85 extends into the anti-slip positioning groove 311 and is fixedly mounted with the bevel gear 2 86. The bevel gear 2 86 is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding bevel gear 1 84. The other end of the rotating rod 2 85 passes through the connecting pipe 31 and is provided with the handle 87. The locking blocks 81 are symmetrically and movably installed in the anti-slip positioning grooves 311 and can move in the grooves. A locking head 811 is fixed at one end of them for embedding in the corresponding locking grooves 88 to achieve the locking function. The locking head 811 is a portion extending from the locking block 81 and can penetrate the connecting pipe 31 and enter the locking groove 88, thereby completing the locking. The fixing plate 82 is fixed in the anti-slip positioning grooves 311, and the spacing is smaller than the spacing between the locking blocks 81, providing an installation basis for the rotating rod 83. The rotating rod 83 is movably installed between the fixing plates 82 and is threaded with the locking block 81. When connected, when rotating, the locking block 81 is pushed or pulled by the thread to move it, and the bevel gear 1 84 is fixed to the opposite end of the rotating rod 1 83 and meshes with the bevel gear 2 86 to transmit power to make the rotating rod 1 83 rotate synchronously. The rotating rod 2 85 is movably installed on the outside of the anti-slip positioning groove 311 and extends to the inside. One end is fixed with the bevel gear 2 86, and the other end is provided with a handle 87. The whole system is driven to work by rotating the handle 87. The bevel gear 2 86 meshes with the bevel gear 1 84 to convert the rotational motion of the rotating rod 2 85 into the rotational motion of the rotating rod 1 83. The hand 87 is used as a manual operation interface, and the entire locking mechanism is activated by rotation. The locking grooves 88 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the tube body 1 2, the upper and lower ends of the sleeve 1, and the upper end of the tube body 2 5, and are arranged corresponding to the locking head 811. After the locking head 811 passes through the connecting pipe 31, it is located in the corresponding locking groove 88 to achieve locking. The locking groove 88 is correspondingly provided with a marking line outside, which is mainly used to help the operator quickly and accurately align the positions of the locking head 811 and the locking groove 88, which is conducive to all the locking heads 811 entering the locking groove 88 correctly. With the help of the marking line, the adjustment time can be significantly reduced during the on-site installation process, and the work efficiency is improved. In this application, there are 12 locking grooves 88, and the multi-point locking member 8 is provided with 3. Having more locking grooves 88 than actually needed can provide redundancy. If a specific locking groove 88 or its corresponding locking head 811 fails, the system can still be locked through other available locking grooves 88, thereby improving the reliability of the system. At the same time, there may be certain errors in the actual installation process. The additional locking grooves 88 allow the operator to select the most appropriate locking position according to the actual situation to ensure the best locking effect. Specifically, the handle 87 includes a connecting handle 871 and a screwing plate 872. The other end of the rotating rod 85 is movably connected to the connecting handle 871. The screwing plate 872 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting handle 871. A limiting block 851 is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating rod 85. A limiting groove corresponding to the limiting block 851 is provided in the connecting handle 871. The limiting block 851 is movably installed in the limiting groove. An embedding groove 312 is provided on the side wall of the connecting tube 31. The embedding groove 312 and the handle 87 are arranged one-to-one. The screwing plate 872 is embedded and installed in the corresponding embedding groove 312. The outer wall surface of the screwing plate 872 is flush with the outer wall surface of the connecting tube 31. The embedding groove 312 is symmetrically provided with an arc groove 313. The side wall of the screwing plate 872 is symmetrically provided with a hand-picking groove. The design of the screw plate 872 being flush with the outer wall of the connecting tube 31 reduces the possibility of accidental collision of the screw plate 872 by external objects and reduces the risk of unexpected unlocking of the system due to accidental collision. The design of the limit block 851 and the limit groove ensures a stable mechanical connection between the rotating rod 85 and the connecting handle 871, avoiding loosening or misalignment problems that may occur during operation. The embedded design and the flush treatment of the screw plate 872 with the outer wall of the connecting tube 31 not only enhance the overall appearance, but also increase the safety of using the handle 87.

[0020] Working principle: S1, installation preparation stage Component assembly: First, connect the float collar, casing and float shoe from top to bottom in sequence. The float collar includes a pipe body 2, an anti-detachment connector 3 and a one-way flow guide 4, and the float shoe includes a pipe body 5, a guide cap 6, an anti-detachment connector 2 and a one-way flow guide 2. Each part is firmly connected by an external threaded connecting ring 32 and an internal threaded groove 33.

[0021] Locking mechanism setting: Use a multi-point locking member 8 (including a locking block 81, a rotating rod 83, etc.) to tightly fix the float collar and the float shoe to the casing to ensure that they will not loosen or fall off due to vibration or impact.

[0022] S2, casing lowering stage Casing lowering: The guide cap 6 helps the casing 1 to be lowered smoothly into the wellbore along a predetermined path, reducing resistance and preventing the casing 1 from being inserted into the wellbore rock formation.

[0023] Initial sealing: During the lowering process of the casing 1, the one-way flow guide 2 is located in the float shoe to prevent the fluid in the well from entering the casing 1, thus playing the role of the first layer of protection.

[0024] S3, cementing operation stage Cement slurry injection: After reaching the predetermined position, cementing operation begins, and cement slurry is pumped in to fill the annular space between the casing 1 and the well wall to fix the casing 1.

[0025] Forward flow control: One-way flow guide 1 4 and one-way flow guide 2 allow cement slurry to flow forward, but when trying to flow in the reverse direction, sealing ball 1 42 and sealing ball 2 47 will cling to the corresponding spherical sealing groove 1 413 under the action of the spring to form a seal to prevent reverse flow.

[0026] Automatic adjustment: When the pressure in the well changes, the thruster 7 can automatically adjust the position of the baffle 41 according to the actual pressure conditions. This adaptive design can ensure that the cement slurry can be effectively prevented from flowing back even in a high-pressure environment, while ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the casing. As time goes by, the elasticity of the spring 48 will gradually weaken over time, but because the design includes an adjustable baffle 41, the system can self-repair to a certain extent and maintain the required sealing standard.

[0027] Redundant protection: The second-stage sealing system (spoiler 2 46, sealing ball 2 47, etc.) serves as a backup, further enhancing the safety of the system.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe, comprising a floating collar, a casing (1) and a floating shoe, characterized in that: The float collar, the casing (1) and the float shoe are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The float collar comprises a pipe body (2), an anti-detachment connection piece (3) and a one-way flow guide piece (4). The one-way flow guide piece (4) is arranged in the pipe body (2) to prevent cement slurry from flowing back into the casing (1). The anti-detachment connection piece (3) is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the pipe body (2) to be anti-detachedly connected to the casing (1). The float shoe comprises a pipe body (5), A guide cap (6), an anti-slip connector 2 and a one-way flow guide 2, wherein the one-way flow guide 2 and the one-way flow guide 1 (4) have the same structure and similar function, and are used to help the casing (1) to be smoothly lowered into the wellbore and prevent the fluid in the well from entering the casing (1). The anti-slip connector 2 is arranged at the upper end of the float shoe, the anti-slip connector 2 and the anti-slip connector 1 (3) have the same structure and the same function, and the guide cap (6) is integrally formed and arranged at the lower end of the second pipe body (5).

2. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way flow guide member (4) comprises a baffle plate (41), a sealing ball (42), a ball rod (43), a spring (44) and a flower basket (45). The baffle plate (41) is arranged inside the tube body (2). The baffle plate (41) is hollow inside and has an opening (411) extending through the lower end. The flower basket (45) is fixedly installed at the center of the opening (411). The ball rod (43) is movably installed at the middle of the flower basket (45). The sealing ball (42) is fixedly mounted on the top of the spring (43), the spring (44) is sleeved outside the ball rod (43), the upper end of the spring (44) is in contact with the sealing ball (42) and the lower end is in contact with the flower basket (45), an opening (412) is provided through the central position of the upper end of the baffle (41), a spherical sealing groove (413) is provided at the lower end of the opening (412), and the spherical sealing groove (413) and the sealing ball (42) are arranged correspondingly.

3. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way flow guide member 1 (4) further comprises a second baffle plate (46), a second sealing ball (47), a second spring (48) and a second ball rod (49), wherein the second baffle plate (46) is fixedly mounted inside the first tube body (2), the second baffle plate (46) is arranged above the first baffle plate (41), the second ball rod (49) is movably mounted through the edge of the upper end of the first baffle plate (41), the second ball rod (49) is arranged in a circular array at the upper end of the first baffle plate (41), and the sealing ball (47) is fixedly mounted on the top of the second ball rod (49). The second spring (47), the second spring (48) is sleeved outside the second ball rod (49), the upper end of the second spring (48) is in contact with the second sealing ball (47) and the lower end is in contact with the first baffle plate (41), the upper end of the second baffle plate (46) is penetrated by an opening three (461), the opening three (461) is arranged in a circular array on the second baffle plate (46), the lower end of the opening three (461) is provided with a spherical sealing groove two (462), the spherical sealing groove two (462) and the second sealing ball (47) are arranged one by one.

4. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the opening one (411) is greater than the diameter of the opening two (412); the flower basket (45) comprises a central fixing block (451) and a connecting rod (452); the central fixing block (451) is arranged at a central position of the opening one (411); the central fixing block (451) and the spoiler one (41) are fixedly connected via the connecting rod (452); the connecting rods (452) are arranged in a circular array; the diameter of the opening two (412) is greater than the diameter of the opening three (461).

5. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spoiler plate 1 (41) is movably mounted in the tube body 1 (2) and the outer wall surface of the spoiler plate 1 (41) is in sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the tube body 1 (2). The side wall of the spoiler plate 1 (41) is provided with a placement groove (414). The placement grooves (414) are arranged in a circular array around the opening 1 (411). A thruster (7) is provided in the placement groove (414) for pushing the spoiler plate 1 (41) toward the spoiler plate 2 (46) after being pressurized, so as to improve the sealing performance of the opening 3 (461). A rubber sealing ring (415) is embedded and mounted on the upper side wall of the spoiler plate 1 (41).

6. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The propulsion member (7) comprises a spring three (71), a propulsion block (72), a propulsion head (73) and a rack (74); the spring three (71) is fixedly mounted at one end of the placement groove (414) adjacent to the opening one (411); the propulsion block (72) is fixedly mounted at the telescopic end of the spring three (71); the propulsion head (73) is fixedly mounted at the end of the propulsion block (72); a sliding contact surface one (731) is provided on the propulsion head (73); a strip groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the tube body one (2); the strip groove (21) and the placement groove (414) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the rack (74) is fixedly mounted in the strip groove (21); a sliding contact surface two (741) corresponding to the sliding contact surface one (731) is provided on the rack (74); the sliding contact surface two (741) and the sliding contact surface one (731) are in sliding contact.

7. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-drop connection piece (3) comprises a connection pipe (31) and an externally threaded connection ring (32); the connection pipe (31), the tube body (2), the sleeve (1) and the tube body (5) have the same outer diameters; the externally threaded connection ring (32) is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the connection pipe (31); the connection pipe (31), the externally threaded connection ring (32), the tube body (2), the sleeve (1) and the tube body (5) have the same inner diameters; the upper and lower ends of the tube body (2) and the sleeve (1) and the upper end of the tube body (5) are respectively provided with internal thread grooves (33); the internal thread grooves (33) and the externally threaded connection ring (32) are correspondingly arranged and the externally threaded connection ring (32) is threadedly connected in the corresponding internal thread grooves (33).

8. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 7, characterized in that: Anti-dropout positioning grooves (311) are provided in the connecting pipe (31), and the anti-dropout positioning grooves (311) are arranged in a circumferential array in the connecting pipe (31). Multi-point locking pieces (8) are provided in the anti-dropout positioning grooves (311) for anti-dropout fixing of the floating collar and the floating shoe.

9. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-point locking member (8) comprises a locking block (81), a fixing plate (82), a rotating rod (83), a bevel gear (84), a rotating rod (85), a bevel gear (86) and a handle (87); the locking block (81) is symmetrically and movably mounted in the anti-slip positioning groove (311); a locking head (811) is fixedly mounted on the end away from the locking block (81); locking grooves (88) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the upper and lower ends of the tube body (2) and the sleeve (1) and the upper end of the tube body (5); the locking grooves (88) and the locking heads (811) are correspondingly arranged; the locking heads (811) penetrate the connecting tube (31) and are located in the corresponding locking grooves (88); the fixing plate (82) is symmetrically and fixedly mounted in the anti-slip positioning groove (311) The spacing between the fixing plates (82) is smaller than the spacing between the locking blocks (81); the fixing plate (82) is movably mounted with the rotating rod 1 (83); the opposite end of the rotating rod 1 (83) is fixedly mounted with the bevel gear 1 (84); the end of the rotating rod 1 (83) away from the corresponding locking block (81) is threadedly connected; the rotating rod 2 (85) is movably mounted outside the anti-slip positioning groove (311); one end of the rotating rod 2 (85) extends into the anti-slip positioning groove (311) and is fixedly mounted with the bevel gear 2 (86); the bevel gear 2 (86) is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding bevel gear 1 (84); the other end of the rotating rod 2 (85) passes through the connecting pipe (31) and is provided with the handle (87).

10. The anti-drop type floating collar and floating shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that: The handle (87) comprises a connecting handle (871) and a screwing plate (872); the other end of the second rotating rod (85) is movably connected to the connecting handle (871); the screwing plate (872) is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting handle (871); a limit block (851) is fixedly mounted on one side of the second rotating rod (85); a limit groove corresponding to the limit block (851) is formed in the connecting handle (871); the limit block (851) is movably mounted on the rotating rod In the limiting groove, the side wall of the connecting tube (31) is provided with an embedding groove (312), the embedding groove (312) and the handle (87) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the screwing plate (872) is embedded and installed in the corresponding embedding groove (312), the outer wall surface of the screwing plate (872) and the outer wall surface of the connecting tube (31) are arranged flush, the embedding groove (312) is symmetrically provided with an arc groove (313), and the side wall of the screwing plate (872) is symmetrically provided with a hand-gripping groove.

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