Earthquake direction-finding device that can be used to restore a seismograph

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph, comprising a ground trough (1) with a shock-absorbing material (2) inside, a bottom plate (3) placed on the shock-absorbing material, a cylinder (5) placed on the bottom plate (3), a rocking arm (10) erected in the cylinder (5), a rocking support (13) fixed to the top of the rocking arm (10), a tilting column component (15) inverted on the rocking support (13), and a swing support (6) suspended vertically above the bottom plate (3). The bottom end of the rocking arm (10) is inverted at the center of the base (3) and is a spatial swing pair. A fixed ball (7) is provided in the middle and lower part of the rocking arm (10) and is connected to a vertical track on the swing support (6). The principle is the inertia of the swing support (6), the rocker (10) and the first and second level amplification effect of the tilting column component (15). During an earthquake, a slight shaking of the rocker forces the tilting column component (15) to fall in the direction of the earthquake source, so that the direction of the earthquake can be measured intuitively. According to the device, a seismograph can be perfectly reproduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the restoration of ancient instruments, and in particular to an earthquake direction-finding device that can be used to restore a seismograph, can be used to determine the direction of an earthquake source and to give an alarm for sudden horizontal movement of an object, and can also be used for earthquake science popularization and cultural teaching. Background Art

[0002] In 132 AD, Zhang Heng, a scientist in the Han Dynasty, invented the first seismometer in human history, which was once called Houfeng Seismometer and was lost in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. According to the characteristics recorded in the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" and other historical materials, "there is a main column in the middle, eight roads on the side, and the gates are set to trigger the machine" and "the earthquake shakes the jars, the jars shake, and the dragon machine is set off". The seismometer should use the inertia principle and the corresponding amplification device to measure earthquakes. It can be understood as follows: there is a large column in the middle of the instrument, and a ring divided into eight active arc rings surrounds the large column. The active arc rings each lead to the corresponding dragon head tooth machine, and the decorative components on the top of the flagpole are used as the mechanism and the mechanism for firing the decorative components. When an earthquake occurs, the jar will shake, and the decorative components on the top of the flagpole will quickly fall and hit the corresponding active arc bars leading to the tooth machine, thereby opening the ball locked in the dragon head tooth machine and falling into the corresponding toad's mouth. The instrument detected the Longxi earthquake on November 13, 134 AD, but people in Luoyang at that time could not feel the tremor, which shows that it has a certain sensitivity and reliability. To achieve this effect, the seismograph must have a sufficient amplification device for picking up earthquakes and a direction-finding function. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic direction-finding device which can be used to restore Zhang Heng's seismograph, which has physical features that are very consistent with historical records, and can also actually and intuitively measure the direction and intensity of an earthquake source.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph comprises a ground trough with a shock-absorbing material inside, a bottom plate placed on the shock-absorbing material, a hollow column frame placed on the bottom plate, a rocking member erected in the middle of the column frame, a tilting column member erected on the top of the rocking member, a swing support suspended in the column frame, several hanging members for hanging the swing support on the column frame, and a counterweight placed on the swing support, wherein the center of the counterweight has a through cavity corresponding to the swing area of ​​the rocking member. The tilting column member and the rocking member are connected by a ball pair with three or more vertical fulcrums, and the center lines of the rocking member, the tilting column member and the ball pair all coincide. The middle and lower part of the rocking member has a fixed ball, the center of which coincides with the axis of the rocking member, and the rocking member above the ball passes vertically upward through the through cavity. The swing support is located directly above the bottom plate. The rocking member has a double-fulcrum device.

[0006] The double-fulcrum device of the rocker component can be that the rocker component is upright on the base plate, and the connection between the bottom end of the rocker component and the base plate is a spatial swing pair with three constraints of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement. The center of the swing support has a guide rail that constrains the two horizontal movements of the ball, and the ball is located in the guide rail.

[0007] The double-fulcrum device of the rocker component can also be that the rocker component is upright on the swing support, and the connection between the ball and the swing support is a spatial swing pair with three constraints of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement. The bottom end of the rocker component has a fixed ball slider, the center of the ball slider coincides with the axial center line of the rocker component, and the center of the bottom plate has a guide rail that constrains the ball slider to move horizontally in two directions, and the ball slider is located in the guide rail.

[0008] In addition, the following measures may be taken:

[0009] The periphery of the swing support can also extend outwards from the column frame.

[0010] The counterweight and the swing support may be integrated.

[0011] The ground groove and the shock-absorbing material may also be integrated with the bottom plate.

[0012] The column frame and the base plate can also be separated.

[0013] The base can also be located above the swing support and fixedly connected to the column frame. Compared with the above-mentioned device, the difference between this device and the above-mentioned device is that the starting working direction of the rocker and the tipping direction of the tipping column component are opposite.

[0014] When the foundation vibrates horizontally, the top of the rocker component of the seismic direction-finding device swings accordingly with the rocker, and its swing direction is in the same vertical plane as the earthquake source. The principle is to use the inertia of the swing support and the amplification effect of the rocker component, that is, one longitudinal fulcrum of the rocker component with longitudinal and transverse double fulcrums is set on the bottom plate, and the other transverse fulcrum is set on the hanging swing support, or one longitudinal fulcrum is set on the swing support, and the other transverse fulcrum is set on the bottom plate, and the longitudinal fulcrum is a space swing pair. When an earthquake occurs or the foundation suddenly displaces horizontally, the rocker fulcrum on the bottom plate produces synchronous displacement, and the fulcrum set on the swing support remains stationary due to inertia, so the two fulcrums produce relative displacement in the horizontal direction, thereby driving a larger initial displacement of the top of the rocker component, and the displacement direction points to the earthquake source, and then quickly swings back in the opposite direction, and then forms a complex pendulum. According to the principle of lever amplification, the displacement of the top of the rocker component depends on the ratio of the distance from the top of the rocker component to the swing center to the distance between the two fulcrums, that is, the amplification factor can be set artificially. Therefore, the seismic direction-finding device has the first-level amplification function of the rocker and the second-level amplification function of the tipping column component, and the second-level amplification sensitivity of the tipping column component can also be set artificially. Therefore, when an earthquake or a rapid horizontal displacement of the foundation occurs, the shock-absorbing effect of the sand or other shock-absorbing materials under the bottom plate on the longitudinal vibration can effectively improve the stability of the tipping column component, and also ensure that the shaking of the rocker component forces the tipping column component to tip only in the direction of the earthquake source to make correct direction finding.

[0015] Obviously, if some components are added to this structure, it can also become other devices. For example, to restore a seismograph, just press Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown by the middle dotted line, a receiving ring is set up in the tipping area around the tipping column component, and the ring is divided into eight equal parts to become eight independently movable receiving arc bars, and the eight receiving arc bars are connected to the corresponding eight dragon head ball-containing components through connecting rods. When an earthquake occurs, the top of the rocker arm swings accordingly, forcing the tipping column component to fall toward the direction of the earthquake source and hit the corresponding receiving arc bars, thereby touching the dragon head ball-containing teeth in the direction of the earthquake source, and the ball falls into the mouth of the ball-catching toad, while the remaining receiving bars and the ball-containing teeth connected to them remain in their original state. This structure of the seismometer is very consistent with the characteristics of Zhang Heng's seismometer recorded in historical materials.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that a single seismic direction-finding device can intuitively measure the direction and intensity of an earthquake, and can also restore a seismograph that is very consistent with the physical characteristics recorded in historical materials. It has a scientific structure, ingenious conception, simple manufacture, convenient and easy operation, controllable seismic sensitivity, and is in line with the scientific and technological level at the time. In addition, if the outer shell of the seismograph is suspended on a swing support outside the column frame, it can also be a wind-seeking instrument for determining wind direction, which can not only perfectly interpret Zhang Heng's wind-seeking seismograph, but also has great research, teaching, exhibition and appreciation value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 sectional view of a first embodiment of a seismic direction finding device for restoring a seismograph according to the present invention

[0019] Figure 2 sectional view of a second embodiment of a seismic direction finding device for restoring a seismograph according to the present invention

[0020] Figure 3 The invention is a seismic direction-finding device that can be used to restore a seismograph. Figure 1 Figure 2 Top view of two embodiments DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, a seismic direction-finding device that can be used to restore a seismograph is characterized in that it includes a ground trough 1 with a shock-absorbing material 2 inside, a bottom plate 3 placed on the shock-absorbing material 2, a cylinder 5 placed on the bottom plate 3, a rocking arm component 10 erected at the center of the cylinder 5, a shaking support 13 fixed to the top of the rocking arm component 10, a tilting column component 15 erected on the shaking support 13, a swing support 6 suspended in the cylinder 5, a shell bottom ring 4 fixedly connected to the swing support 6 outside the cylinder 5, three hanging chains 11 of the same length suspend the swing support 6 on the cylinder 5, a counterweight 8 placed on the swing support 6, a through cavity 9 corresponding to the swing area of ​​the rocking arm component 10 is longitudinally provided in the center of the counterweight 8, three cavities 12 corresponding to the hanging chains 11 are evenly distributed on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 5, and a hanging hole 18 is provided on the cylinder wall above each cavity 12. The upper end of the hanging chain 11 is fixedly connected to the corresponding hanging hole 18, and the lower end is suspended and fixedly connected to the corresponding swing support 6. The tilting column component 15 is connected to the rocker component 10 through a ball pair; the tilting column component 15 includes a fixed ball part 14 at one end and a thin rod 16 fixed along the axis at one end, the center of the ball part 14 coincides with the center line of the tilting column component 15, the center of the rocking support 13 has an upward trumpet hole 17, the center line of the trumpet hole 17 coincides with the axis line of the rocker component 10, and the ball part 14 is placed on the trumpet hole 17. The middle and lower part of the rocker component 10 has a fixed ball 7, the center of the ball 7 coincides with the axis line of the rocker component 10, and the rocker component 10 above the ball 7 freely passes vertically upward through the through cavity 9 at the center of the counterweight 8. The swing support 6 is located directly above the base 3. The rocker member 10 is inverted on the center of the bottom plate 3; the bottom end of the rocker member 10 has a pointed head 20, and the center of the bottom plate 3 has an inverted conical bottom hole 21, and the pointed head 20 is inserted into the bottom hole 21. The center of the swing support 6 has a circular hole 19 vertically constraining the ball 7 to move horizontally to two moving pairs, and the ball 7 is located in the circular hole 19.

[0022] Figure 2 Another cross-sectional view of a seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph is given, wherein the two fulcrums of the rocker component 10 are in another manner, the rocker component 10 can also be inverted on the swing support 6, the connection between the ball 7 and the swing support 6 is a space swing pair with three constraints of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement, the center of the swing support 6 has a vertically penetrating circular hole 19, the wall of the circular hole 19 has a contraction portion 22, and the ball 7 is placed on the contraction portion 22. The bottom end of the rocker component 10 has a fixed ball slider according to Figure 1 , Figure 2When the seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph is used, the ground trough 1 is first firmly connected to the ground, and a shock-absorbing material 2 (such as soft sand, etc.) is installed in the ground trough 1. Then, the bottom plate 2 is placed as horizontally as possible on the shock-absorbing material 2. Note that the circumference of the bottom plate 2 should be in active contact with the inner wall of the ground trough 1, or at least close to the inner wall, so as to achieve the purpose of only longitudinal shock absorption but not horizontal shock absorption. Then, the cylinder 5 is placed on the bottom plate 2, and the swing support 6 is suspended in the cylinder 5. Other components are installed, and the rocker 10 is inserted. By moving the horizontal position of the cylinder 5 until the rocker 10 is adjusted to an upright state, Then, a horizontal vibration test is applied to the trough 1. At this time, the reciprocating swing of the top end of the rocker component 10 can be observed, and its initial swing direction points to the direction of the earthquake source, so the occurrence and direction of the vibration can be monitored intuitively. Finally, the tilting column component 15 is erected on the shaking support 13, and the earthquake measurement can be started. When an earthquake or horizontal vibration occurs, the tilting column component 15 can instantly tilt toward the direction of the earthquake source with the ball part 14 as the rotation center (the ball part 14 will not fall due to the positioning effect of the bell mouth 17) until it touches the surrounding receiving ring. At this time, the direction of the tilting column component 15 is the direction of the earthquake source.

[0023] Obviously, as mentioned above, this device can then be used to easily restore the seismograph, and the seismograph can not only roughly determine the eight directions of the earthquake source, but can also accurately determine the direction of the earthquake source in all directions.

Claims

1. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ground trough (1) containing a shock-absorbing material (2), a bottom plate (3) placed on the shock-absorbing material (2), a hollow column frame (5) placed on the bottom plate (3), a rocking rod component (10) erected in the middle of the column frame (5), a tilting column component (15) erected on the top of the rocking rod component (10), a swing support (6) suspended in the column frame (5), a plurality of hanging components (11) for hanging the swing support (6) on the column frame (5), and a counterweight (8) placed on the swing support (6), wherein the center of the counterweight (8) has a through cavity (9) corresponding to the swing area of ​​the rocking rod component (10). The tilting column component (15) and the rocking rod component (10) are connected by a ball pair (13, 14) having three or more vertical fulcrums, and the center lines of the rocking rod component (10), the tilting column component (15) and the ball pair (13, 14) all coincide. The rocker component (10) has a fixed ball (7) at the middle and lower part, the center of the ball (7) coincides with the axis of the rocker component (10), and the rocker component (10) above the ball (7) vertically passes through the through cavity (9). The swing support (6) is located directly above the bottom plate (3). The rocker component (10) has a double-support device.

2. The seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-fulcrum device of the rocker component (10) is that the rocker component (10) is erected on the base plate (3), the connection between the bottom end of the rocker component (10) and the base plate (3) is a spatial swing pair with three constraints of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement, the center of the swing support (6) has a guide rail (19) that constrains the ball to move horizontally in two directions, and the ball (7) is located in the guide rail (19).

3. The seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-pivot device of the rocker component (10) is that the rocker component (10) is erected on the swing support (6), the connection between the ball (7) and the swing support (6) is a spatial swing pair with three constraints of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement, the bottom end of the rocker component (10) has a fixed ball slider (21), the center of the ball slider (21) coincides with the axis of the rocker component (10), and the center of the bottom plate (3) has a guide rail (22) that constrains the ball slider (21) to move horizontally in two directions, and the ball slider (21) is located in the guide rail (22).

4. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The swing support (6) can also extend outwards from the column frame (5).

5. The seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The counterweight (8) and the swing support (6) may be integrated.

6. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The floor trough (1), the shock-absorbing material (2) and the bottom plate (3) may also be integrated.

7. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The column frame (5) and the base plate (3) can also be separated and placed separately.

8. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, characterized in that: The bottom plate (3) may also be located above the swing support (6).

9. A seismic direction-finding device for restoring a seismograph according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The rocker member (10) and the dump column member (15) may be integral.

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