Q body compensation frequency expansion method and device based on distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in well

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to a kind of Q body compensation frequency expansion method and device based on well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing, comprising: obtaining sensor data and ground three-dimensional seismic data of the same source;First Q value curve from shallow to deep at wellbore position is calculated based on sensor data and second Q value curve is calculated based on ground three-dimensional seismic data;Q value precision correction is carried out to second Q value curve using first Q value curve, and stratified evaluation analysis is carried out;Along the strong energy phase axis, horizon information is obtained, and spatial three-dimensional stratified factor is obtained, and first spatial three-dimensional Q body is calculated based on ground three-dimensional seismic data;Q value precision correction factor is calculated using sensor data;Second spatial three-dimensional Q body is established based on spatial three-dimensional stratified factor, first spatial three-dimensional Q body and Q value precision correction factor, and ground three-dimensional seismic data is carried out amplitude-preserving and fidelity frequency expansion processing. Therefore, the effective compensation of formation absorption attenuation is realized, so as to greatly improve the resolution of seismic data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the oil and gas geophysical exploration and development technical field, and particularly relates to a Q body compensation frequency expansion method and device based on a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in a well. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of exploration and development degree of old oil fields, high-quality resources easy to exploit are continuously reduced, and remaining oil and gas geological targets generally have the characteristics of "thin-small-fractional-deep-scattered-hidden", and the requirement for resolution of three-dimensional seismic data is continuously improved. Three-dimensional seismic is a way of obtaining effective information of underground seismic waves by artificial seismic source excitation and ground receiver reception. Since the underground formation is a non-perfectly elastic medium, it will produce absorption and attenuation effect on the seismic wave, causing the amplitude energy, frequency, phase and other of the seismic wave to be attenuated or distorted, and various noise interference, which reduces the resolution of seismic result data and affects the fine depiction and identification of thin reservoirs. Therefore, how to accurately extract the formation absorption and attenuation factor and carry out the amplitude-preserved frequency expansion processing is a core problem of solving the exploration and development of old oil fields.

[0003] The high-precision three-dimensional Q body (quality factor) can be used for amplitude-preserved frequency expansion processing, which can greatly improve the resolution of seismic result data. In the calculation of Q value, the Q value calculation method is classified according to the type of data used, including: calculating Q value by using near-surface micro-logging data, calculating Q value by using ground three-dimensional seismic data, calculating Q value by using vertical seismic profile (VSP) data, and other methods. The near-surface Q value can be calculated by using near-surface micro-logging data, and the medium-deep Q value can be calculated by using ground three-dimensional seismic data or VSP data. The specific Q value calculation method mainly includes: spectral ratio method, centroid frequency migration method, amplitude attenuation method, rise time method, wavelet model method, frequency model method, pulse amplitude method, constant Q value scanning method, VSP evaluation method, pre-stack seismic Q value inversion method based on Bayesian theory, generalized centroid frequency migration method based on divergence, Q value estimation method using deep learning, Q value estimation method using seismic reflection wave data, etc. At present, there are many methods for calculating Q value, inverse Q filtering and Q value absorption compensation, which have achieved certain effect in practical application and improved the resolution of seismic data. However, the existing technology mainly calculates Q value by using ground seismic data, which has the problems of low precision of Q body establishment, poor stability, abnormal value interference, and low amplitude-preserved fidelity of result data after Q value compensation. The vertical seismic profile method places a geophone in the well and excites an artificial source on the ground. Due to the limited number of geophones in the well, multiple source excitations are needed on the ground, and the geophone is moved in the well to complete the acquisition of the whole well section. Using VSP data first arrival wave to calculate Q value is affected by different source excitations, and there is a problem of wavelet inconsistency, which affects the accuracy of Q value calculation. The geophone in the well cannot withstand high temperature in the deep layer, which causes the VSP data in the deep layer to be unable to be acquired, resulting in the lack of deep layer data and the inability to calculate the deep layer Q value, and the poor effect of deep layer Q value compensation. It is difficult to effectively obtain a high-accuracy three-dimensional Q body only by using conventional ground three-dimensional seismic data, and how to calculate an accurate Q body to realize fine exploration and development is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the above technical problems or part of the technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a Q body compensation frequency expansion method and device based on well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a Q body compensation frequency expansion method based on well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing, comprising:

[0006] obtaining sensor data collected by a well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor and ground three-dimensional seismic data of the same source;

[0007] calculating a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and calculating a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the surface three-dimensional seismic data;

[0008] performing Q value precision correction on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve, and performing layered precision evaluation analysis on the second Q value curve after the precision correction;

[0009] obtaining horizon information along strong energy events in the surface three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor, and calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the surface three-dimensional seismic data;

[0010] calculating a Q value precision correction factor by using the sensor data of different offsets;

[0011] establishing a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the surface three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume and the Q value precision correction factor;

[0012] performing amplitude-preserved and fidelity-protected frequency extension processing on the surface three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0014] calculating a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data, wherein the sensor data is sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor of different depth intervals.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0016] performing similarity evaluation analysis on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor at the wellbore position;

[0017] performing Q value precision correction on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor;

[0018] performing layered precision evaluation analysis on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground joint Q value matching layered factor at the wellbore position;

[0019] performing layered processing on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground joint Q value matching layered factor.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0021] taking the well-ground joint Q value matching layered factor as a picking version, obtaining horizon information along strong energy events in the surface three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor.

[0022] calculating a Q value of each layer based on the spatial three-dimensional layering factor and using the ground three-dimensional seismic data;

[0023] calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the Q value of each layer.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further comprises:

[0025] calculating the propagation path of the sensor data of the different offset distances using wave equation and ray tracing;

[0026] calculating the Q value accuracy correction factor based on the propagation path.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method further comprises:

[0028] establishing a three-dimensional Q volume layering initial model based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data;

[0029] correcting the Q value accuracy in the three-dimensional Q volume layering initial model based on the spatial three-dimensional layering factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume and the Q value accuracy correction factor, to obtain a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the method further comprises:

[0031] performing layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing on the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume according to the propagation law that the seismic wave attenuates layer by layer from shallow to deep;

[0032] outputting the ground three-dimensional seismic data after the layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing.

[0033] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a Q volume compensation frequency expansion device based on well-distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing, comprising:

[0034] an acquisition module configured to acquire sensor data collected by a well-distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor of the same source and ground three-dimensional seismic data;

[0035] a calculation module configured to calculate a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and calculate a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data;

[0036] a correction analysis module configured to correct the Q value accuracy of the second Q value curve using the first Q value curve and perform layer-by-layer evaluation analysis on the second Q value curve after the accuracy correction.

[0037] The computing module is further configured to obtain horizon information along strong energy events in the surface 3D seismic data, obtain a spatial 3D layering factor, and compute a first spatial 3D Q volume based on the surface 3D seismic data;

[0038] The computing module is further configured to compute a Q value precision correction factor using the sensor data at different offsets;

[0039] The establishing module is configured to establish a second spatial 3D Q volume combined with the sensor data and the surface 3D seismic data based on the spatial 3D layering factor, the first spatial 3D Q volume, and the Q value precision correction factor;

[0040] The processing module is configured to perform amplitude-preserved and fidelity-preserved frequency extension processing on the surface 3D seismic data based on the second spatial 3D Q volume.

[0041] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to execute a Q volume compensation and frequency extension program based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in a well stored in the memory, so as to implement the Q volume compensation and frequency extension method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in a well in the first aspect.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, a storage medium is provided, which includes one or more programs stored therein. The one or more programs are executable by one or more processors, so as to implement the Q volume compensation and frequency extension method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in a well in the first aspect.

[0043] The Q body compensation frequency extension scheme based on the well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing provided by the embodiment of the application obtains the sensor data collected by the homologous well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor and the ground three-dimensional seismic data; the first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position is calculated based on the sensor data, and the second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position is calculated based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; the Q value precision correction is performed on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve, and the layered evaluation analysis is performed on the second Q value curve after the precision correction; the horizon information is obtained along the strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data, the spatial three-dimensional layered factor is obtained, and the first spatial three-dimensional Q body is calculated based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; the Q value precision correction factor is calculated by using the sensor data of different offset distances; the second spatial three-dimensional Q body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data is established based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q body and the Q value precision correction factor; and the amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing is performed on the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body. Compared with the prior art which only relies on the conventional ground three-dimensional seismic data and cannot effectively obtain the high-accuracy three-dimensional Q body, the accurate Q value is calculated by using the sensor data in the well, the ground three-dimensional seismic data has good extension in space, the advantages of the two kinds of data are exerted, the accurate three-dimensional Q body is established, then the effective compensation of the stratum absorption and attenuation is realized through the wave field continuation and the amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving compensation processing, and thus the resolution capability of the seismic data is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The flowchart of the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0045] Figure 2 The sensor data collected by the well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0046] Figure 3 The three-dimensional layered factor provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0047] Figure 4 The seismic profile data before the implementation of the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0048] Figure 5 The seismic profile data after the implementation of the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the well distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing provided by the embodiment of the application is shown;

[0049] Figure 6A structural schematic diagram of a Q body compensation frequency expansion device based on a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in a well is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device is provided for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] To make the embodiments of the present application clearer, further explanation and description will be made in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments, and the embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] Embodiment one

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart of a Q body compensation frequency expansion method based on a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in a well is provided for an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The method specifically includes the following steps.

[0055] S11, acquiring sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in a well and ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, according to the characteristics of the optical fiber that is resistant to high temperature and can realize the layout from the wellhead to the well bottom of the whole well section at one time, only one seismic source excitation is needed on the ground, and the acquisition of the whole well section can be realized, so the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) technology is adopted.

[0057] The well DAS and the ground three-dimensional seismic receive signals of the same seismic source, and the two have consistent seismic source characteristics. The input data format can be specified as the segy format. The DAS is arranged in the well from the wellhead to the well bottom, the geophone is buried on the ground according to the designed observation system, the artificial seismic source excitation is performed on the ground by using explosives, a controllable seismic source and a heavy hammer, the well DAS and the ground geophone are received synchronously, and the consistency of the seismic source characteristics is ensured. The sensor data collected by the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in the well and the ground three-dimensional seismic data are acquired, as shown in Figure 2

[0058] ​S12, calculating a first Q-value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the sensor data and a second Q-value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0059] calculating a fine Q-value curve QDAS at the wellbore position according to the DAS data in the well well (i) (the first Q-value curve), i = 1, 2, 3…N, i is a depth sampling interval, N is a depth value, unit m. The fine Q-value curve calculated by the DAS data in the well has higher accuracy and precision, and the Q-value from shallow to deep at the wellbore is more finely described, and the precision can reach 1m.

[0060] calculating a coarse Q-value curve Q3D at the wellbore position according to the ground three-dimensional seismic data well (j) (the second Q-value curve), j = 1, 2, 3…M, j is a depth sampling interval, M is a depth value, unit m. Limited by the ground three-dimensional seismic data, the accuracy of the coarse Q-value curve is lower than that of the fine Q-value curve, the Q-value from shallow to deep at the wellbore is not finely described, the Q-value stability is poor, the reliability is low, there are singular value interference, and the precision is about 10-100m.

[0061] S13, correcting the Q-value accuracy of the second Q-value curve by using the first Q-value curve, and performing layered evaluation analysis on the second Q-value curve after accuracy correction.

[0062] correcting the Q-value accuracy of the ground coarse Q-value curve by using the fine Q-value curve in the well, and performing layered fine evaluation analysis.

[0063] Specifically, similarity evaluation analysis is performed on the first Q-value curve (the fine Q-value curve QDAS well (i)) and the second Q-value curve (the coarse Q-value curve Q3D well (j)), to obtain a well-ground combined Q-value accuracy correction factor at the wellbore position; the Q-value accuracy of the second Q-value curve is corrected based on the well-ground combined Q-value accuracy correction factor; the first Q-value curve and the second Q-value curve are subjected to layered accuracy evaluation analysis to obtain a well-ground combined Q-value matching layered factor at the wellbore position; the second Q-value curve is subjected to layered processing based on the well-ground combined Q-value matching layered factor.

[0064] Specifically, the well-ground combined Q-value accuracy correction factor QCor well at the wellbore is calculated through similarity evaluation analysis of the fine Q-value curve in the well and the coarse Q-value curve on the ground, and the coarse Q-value curve is corrected by using the well-ground combined Q-value accuracy correction factor QCor well at the wellbore, to realize the Q-value depth domain consistency matching of the data in the well and the data on the ground at the wellbore position. The corrected coarse Q-value curve at the wellbore position is Q3Dwell *QCor well (k), where: Q3D well (j) is a rough Q-value curve; QCor well The accuracy correction factor for the combined well-ground Q value at the wellbore location; k = 1, 2, 3...X, where k is the depth sampling interval and X is the depth value in meters.

[0065] Based on the stratification accuracy evaluation analysis of the two Q-value curves, the well-to-surface combined Q-value matching stratification factor QLay at the wellbore was calculated. well Using the well-to-surface combined Q-value matching stratification factor QLay at the wellbore location well The corrected coarse Q-value curves were stratified. The Q-value stratification model at the wellbore location was Q3D. well *QCor well *QLay well (h), where: Q3D well (j) is a rough Q-value curve; QCor well QLay is the accuracy correction factor for the combined well-to-surface Q-value at the wellbore location; well The well-to-surface Q-value matching stratification factor is used at the wellbore location; h = 1, 2, 3, ..., L, where h is the stratification number of the model and L is the total number of strata in the model, with dimensionless units.

[0066] Similarity assessment analysis approximates two Q-value curves by extracting accuracy correction factors. The fine Q-value curve is square-waveformed, and the coarse Q-value curve is interpolated. Once the accuracy of the two Q-value curves reaches an order of magnitude, they are matched using a frequency-division normalized cross-correlation method, improving the accuracy of Q-value calculations in ground-based 3D seismic calculations. Layered accuracy assessment analysis, after the accuracy of the two Q-value curves reaches an order of magnitude, uses the fine Q-value curve as a layering guide parameter to layer the corrected coarse Q-value curve, ensuring both result stability and achieving fine-grained layering.

[0067] S14. Obtain layer information along the strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the spatial three-dimensional layering factor, and calculate the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0068] Layer information is picked up along the high-energy phase axis in ground 3D seismic data, and spatial 3D Q-volume is calculated using ground 3D seismic data.

[0069] Specifically, the well-to-surface Q-value matching stratification factor is used as a picker to obtain stratigraphic information along the strong energy phase axis in the surface 3D seismic data, resulting in a spatial 3D stratification factor such as... Figure 3The spatial three-dimensional layering factor Q Lay is shown; based on the spatial three-dimensional layering factor and using the ground three-dimensional seismic data, the Q value of each layer is calculated; and based on the Q value of each layer, a first spatial three-dimensional Q body (three-dimensional seismic data calculated Q body) is calculated.

[0070] Specifically, when three-dimensional horizon picking is performed according to the ground three-dimensional seismic data, the wellbore position well-ground joint Q value matching layering factor Q Lay well As a picking version, the reliability and refinement of horizon picking are improved, and the spatial three-dimensional layering factor Q Lay area .

[0071] According to the spatial three-dimensional layering factor Q Lay area , the Q value of each layer is calculated using the ground three-dimensional seismic data, the Q value filling of the three-dimensional layering model is realized, and a three-dimensional seismic data calculated Q body Q 3D area is obtained. In the process of calculating the spatial three-dimensional Q body, the wellbore position well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor Q Cor well is used to improve the precision of the spatial three-dimensional Q body. The spatial three-dimensional Q body layering initial model Q 3D area *Q Cor well *Q Lay area (h) is established, wherein: Q 3D area is a three-dimensional seismic data calculated Q body; Q Cor well is a wellbore position well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor; Q Lay area is a spatial three-dimensional layering factor; h=1, 2, 3...L, h is a model layering sequence number, and L is a total number of model layers, which is a dimensionless unit.

[0072] The wellbore position well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor Q Cor well can improve the precision of the spatial three-dimensional Q body, but the correction factor has higher accuracy at the wellbore position, and the accuracy is reduced at positions away from the wellbore, and the underground stratum structure changes constantly, so a three-dimensional spatial correction factor is needed to further improve the precision of the three-dimensional Q body layering initial model.

[0073] S15, a Q value precision correction factor is calculated using the sensor data of different offsets.

[0074] In the embodiment of the application, a Q value precision correction factor is calculated using well DAS data of different offsets, and the precision of the Q body layering initial model is improved.

[0075] Specifically, the propagation path of the sensor data of different offsets is calculated using wave equation and ray tracing; and the Q value precision correction factor is calculated based on the propagation path.

[0076] Specifically, the propagation path of the well center DAS data of different offset distances is calculated in the Q-body layered initial model, so as to obtain the correction factor in three-dimensional space. The artificial seismic source is excited on the ground, and the seismic wave propagates from the ground to the underground, and sequentially passes through each stratum from shallow to deep. The number of layers passed through by the near offset distance data is small, and the number of layers passed through by the far offset distance data is large. The wave equation and the ray tracing are combined to ensure the stability and reliability of the propagation path.

[0077] According to the propagation path of the well center DAS data of different offset distances, the Q-body layered initial model is corrected. From the near offset distance to the far offset distance, the Q value calculation error is gradually eliminated; from the shallow layer to the deep layer, the Q value is corrected in sequence, so that the Q value calculation is gradually stripped layer by layer. Based on the Q value calculation and layer stripping rules from near to far and from shallow to deep, the three-dimensional well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor QCor area is finally obtained, and the precision of the Q-body layered initial model is further improved.

[0078] S16, based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q-body and the Q value precision correction factor, a second spatial three-dimensional Q-body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data is established.

[0079] A three-dimensional Q-body layered initial model is established based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data. The Q value precision in the three-dimensional Q-body layered initial model is corrected based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q-body and the Q value precision correction factor obtained above, to obtain a second spatial three-dimensional Q-body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0080] Specifically, the final three-dimensional Q-body is Q3D area *QCor area *QLay area (h), wherein: Q3D area is a three-dimensional seismic data Q-body; QCor area is a three-dimensional well-ground joint Q value precision correction factor; Q Lay area is a spatial three-dimensional layered factor; h = 1, 2, 3…L, h is a model layering number, and L is a total number of model layers, which is a dimensionless unit. The three-dimensional Q-body fully utilizes the well center DAS and the ground three-dimensional seismic data, and plays the advantages of the well center DAS data in calculating the Q value. The three-dimensional Q-body layered initial model is established by using the ground three-dimensional seismic data, and then the Q value precision is improved by using the well center DAS data of different offset distances.

[0081] S17, based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q-body, the ground three-dimensional seismic data is processed by amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension.

[0082] The high-precision three-dimensional Q body (second spatial three-dimensional Q body) is used for the amplitude-preserved and fidelity-protected frequency extension processing of the ground seismic data, and the adverse effects of the absorption and attenuation of the stratum are eliminated.

[0083] Specifically, according to the propagation rule that the seismic wave is attenuated layer by layer from shallow to deep, the second spatial three-dimensional Q body is used for the layer-by-layer Q body compensation processing of the ground three-dimensional seismic data; and the ground three-dimensional seismic data subjected to the layer-by-layer Q body compensation processing is output.

[0084] Specifically, according to the propagation rule that the seismic wave is attenuated layer by layer from shallow to deep, the three-dimensional Q body established based on the joint of the well and the ground is used for the layer-by-layer Q compensation. Assuming that the frequency spectrum of the seismic wave excitation source and the receiving source has a consistent frequency band range, according to the spatial three-dimensional layering factor QLay area (h), the frequency and the phase of the seismic data are subjected to signal recovery layer by layer, h = 1, 2, 3 … L, h is the model layering sequence number, and L is the total number of model layers, which is a dimensionless unit. Finally, the amplitude-preserved and fidelity-protected frequency extension processed seismic data is output, and the data format can be set as segy.

[0085] From Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of seismic profile data before the implementation of the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in the well, Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of seismic profile data after the implementation of the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in the well, and it can be seen that when the ground three-dimensional seismic data is used for Q value calculation, due to the problems of noise interference and amplitude distortion, the calculated Q value has poor stability and low reliability. The advantages of the well DAS and the ground three-dimensional seismic data are utilized, the accuracy of the ground three-dimensional seismic Q value curve is corrected and matched layer by layer at the wellbore position by using the well DAS, and a three-dimensional Q body layering initial model with high accuracy is established. The advantages of the well DAS data of different offsets are exerted, and the accuracy of the Q body layering initial model is further improved based on the calculation rules from near to far and from front to deep.

[0086] The VSP well receiver series is limited, and multiple seismic sources need to be excited on the ground, and the receiver needs to be moved in the well to complete the acquisition of the whole well section. The first arrival wave of the VSP data is used for calculating the Q value, and the non-uniformity of the wavelet exists due to the influence of different seismic sources, which affects the calculation accuracy of the Q value. The well DAS can realize the layout of the whole well section at one time, and only one excitation is needed on the ground to realize the acquisition of the whole well section. The well DAS data has very good wavelet consistency, and the fine Q value curve can be calculated at the wellbore position. The reliability of the calculation result is greatly improved by correcting the Q value calculated from the three-dimensional seismic data according to the fine Q value curve.

[0087] The VSP receiver in the well cannot withstand high temperature in the deep layer, resulting in that the VSP data cannot be collected in the deep layer, and there is a problem of data loss. The DAS in the well has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, can realize all collection from the wellhead to the well bottom, does not exist data loss, can realize fine calculation of the Q value in the deep layer, and finally the three-dimensional Q body contains all information of the shallow layer, the middle layer and the deep layer. According to the propagation law that the seismic wave attenuates layer by layer from shallow to deep, the three-dimensional Q body is established based on the joint of the well and the ground, Q compensation is performed layer by layer, the adverse effects of the absorption and attenuation of the stratum are eliminated, and the resolution capability of the seismic data is greatly improved.

[0088] The Q body compensation and frequency extension scheme based on the in-well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing provided by the embodiment of the application obtains sensor data collected by the in-well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor and three-dimensional seismic data on the ground that are of the same source; calculates a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the sensor data and a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground; performs Q value precision correction on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve, and performs layered evaluation and analysis on the second Q value curve after the precision correction; obtains horizon information along the strong energy phase axis in the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground, obtains a spatial three-dimensional layered factor, and calculates a first spatial three-dimensional Q body based on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground; calculates a Q value precision correction factor by using the sensor data of different offsets; establishes a second spatial three-dimensional Q body combined with the sensor data and the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q body and the Q value precision correction factor; and performs amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body. Compared with the prior art that only relies on conventional three-dimensional seismic data on the ground and cannot effectively obtain a three-dimensional Q body with high accuracy, the present scheme calculates accurate Q values by using the sensor data in the well, the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground has good extension in space, the advantages of the two kinds of data are brought into play, the three-dimensional Q body is accurately established, then the wave field is extended and the effective signal is compensated in an amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving manner, the absorption and attenuation of the stratum are effectively compensated, and therefore the resolution capability of the seismic data is greatly improved.

[0089] Embodiment two

[0090] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the Q body compensation and frequency extension device based on the in-well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing provided by the embodiment of the application is specifically shown in the figure, and specifically includes:

[0091] The acquisition module 601 is configured to acquire sensor data collected by the in-well distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor and three-dimensional seismic data on the ground that are of the same source. For details, refer to the related description of the method embodiment.

[0092] The computing module 602 is configured to calculate a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the sensor data and calculate a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] The correction analysis module 603 is configured to perform Q value accuracy correction on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve, and perform layered evaluation analysis on the second Q value curve after accuracy correction. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0094] The computing module 602 is further configured to obtain horizon information along the strong energy event in the ground three-dimensional seismic data, obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor, and calculate a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] The computing module 602 is further configured to calculate a Q value accuracy correction factor by using the sensor data of different offsets. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] The establishing module 604 is configured to establish a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume and the Q value accuracy correction factor. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] The processing module 605 is configured to perform amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing on the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding method embodiment described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0098] The Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well provided in the embodiment can be the Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well as shown in Figure 6 The Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well can perform all steps of the Q volume compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well as shown in Figure 1 The Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well can perform all steps of the Q volume compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well as shown in Figure 1 The Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well can perform all steps of the Q volume compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well as shown in Figure 1 The Q volume compensation frequency extension device based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well can perform all steps of the Q volume compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing in the well as shown in

[0099] Figure 7 The structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the application is shown in Figure 7The electronic device 700 shown includes at least one processor 701, a memory 702, at least one network interface 704, and other user interfaces 703. The various components of the electronic device 700 are coupled together by a bus system 705, which can include a data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a state signal bus. For the sake of clarity, the various buses are illustrated in FIG. 7 as the bus system 705. The bus system 705 is used for the exchange of control and status signals between the components and can be implemented as a distributed bus system, in which components exchange signals via a network, for example. Figure 7

[0100] The user interface 703 can include a display, a keyboard, or a pointing device (e.g., a mouse, a trackball, a touchpad, or a touchscreen).

[0101] It is understood that the memory 702 in embodiments of the present application can be volatile or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Nonvolatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), used as external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, for example, static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). Memory 702 described herein is intended to include, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0102] In some embodiments, the memory 702 stores elements, executable instructions, or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an expanded set thereof, including an operating system 7021 and application programs 7022.

[0103] ​The operating system 7021 contains various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, and the like, for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks. The application program 7022 contains various application programs, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser (Browser), and the like, for implementing various application services. The program implementing the method of the embodiment of the application can be included in the application program 7022.

[0104] In the embodiment of the application, by calling the program or instruction stored in the memory 702, specifically, the program or instruction stored in the application program 7022, the processor 701 is used to execute the method steps provided by each method embodiment, for example, including:

[0105] obtaining sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in a well and three-dimensional seismic data on the ground; calculating a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground; performing Q value precision correction on the second Q value curve using the first Q value curve, and performing layered evaluation and analysis on the second Q value curve after precision correction; obtaining horizon information along a strong energy phase axis in the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor, and calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground; calculating a Q value precision correction factor using the sensor data of different offsets; establishing a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume, and the Q value precision correction factor; and performing amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing on the three-dimensional seismic data on the ground based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position is calculated based on the sensor data, wherein the sensor data is sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor at different depth intervals.

[0107] In one possible implementation, similarity evaluation and analysis is performed on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground combined Q value precision correction factor at the wellbore position; Q value precision correction is performed on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground combined Q value precision correction factor; layered precision evaluation and analysis is performed on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground combined Q value matching layered factor at the wellbore position; and layered processing is performed on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground combined Q value matching layered factor.

[0108] In a possible implementation, the well-ground joint Q-value matching layering factor is taken as a picking volume version, layer position information is acquired along a strong energy event in the ground three-dimensional seismic data, and a spatial three-dimensional layering factor is obtained; based on the spatial three-dimensional layering factor and by using the ground three-dimensional seismic data, a Q value of each layer is calculated; and a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume is calculated based on the Q value of each layer.

[0109] In a possible implementation, a wave equation and ray tracing are used to calculate a propagation path of the sensor data of the different offset distances; and the Q-value precision correction factor is calculated based on the propagation path.

[0110] In a possible implementation, a three-dimensional Q volume layering initial model is established based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; and Q-value precision in the three-dimensional Q volume layering initial model is corrected based on the spatial three-dimensional layering factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume, and the Q-value precision correction factor, to obtain a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

[0111] In a possible implementation, based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume, the ground three-dimensional seismic data is subjected to layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing according to a propagation law that seismic waves attenuate layer by layer from shallow to deep; and the ground three-dimensional seismic data subjected to the layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing is output.

[0112] The method disclosed by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the processor 701 or implemented by the processor 701. The processor 701 can be an integrated circuit chip having a signal processing capability. In the implementation process, the steps of the method can be completed by the integrated logic electric circuit or the instruction in the form of software in the processor 701. The processor 701 described above can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component. The disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware code processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software units in the code processor for execution. The software unit can be located in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read only memory, a programmable read only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register or other mature storage medium in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 702, and the processor 701 reads the information in the memory 702 and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method.

[0113] It can be understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general purpose processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described in the present application, or a combination thereof.

[0114] For software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented with a unit that performs the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in a memory and executed by a processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or outside the processor.

[0115] The electronic device provided by the embodiment can be an electronic device as shown in Figure 7 The electronic device provided by the embodiment can execute all steps of the Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well as shown in Figure 1 The electronic device provided by the embodiment can execute all steps of the Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well as shown in Figure 1 The electronic device provided by the embodiment can execute all steps of the Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well as shown in Figure 1 The electronic device provided by the embodiment can execute all steps of the Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well as shown in

[0116] The embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium (computer readable storage medium). The storage medium stores one or more programs. The storage medium can include a volatile memory such as a random access memory, and the memory can also include a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, or a solid state disk, and the memory can also include a combination of the above types of memories.

[0117] When one or more programs in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors to implement the above-mentioned Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well executed on the electronic device side.

[0118] The processor is configured to execute the Q-compensation frequency extension program based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well stored in the memory to implement the following steps of the Q-compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well executed on the electronic device side:

[0119] Obtain sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor in a well and ground three-dimensional seismic data; calculate a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and calculate a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; use the first Q value curve to correct the accuracy of the second Q value curve, and perform layered evaluation analysis on the accuracy-corrected second Q value curve; obtain horizon information along a strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor, and calculate a first spatial three-dimensional Q body based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; calculate a Q value accuracy correction factor using the sensor data of different offsets; establish a second spatial three-dimensional Q body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q body, and the Q value accuracy correction factor; and perform amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing on the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position is calculated based on the sensor data, wherein the sensor data is sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor at different depth intervals.

[0121] In a possible implementation, similarity evaluation analysis is performed on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-bore position joint Q value precision correction factor; Q value precision correction is performed on the second Q value curve based on the well-bore position joint Q value precision correction factor; and layered precision evaluation analysis is performed on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-bore position joint Q value matching layered factor.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the well-bore position joint Q value matching layered factor is taken as a picking volume version, layer position information is obtained along a strong energy phase axis in the surface three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor; Q values of each layer are calculated based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor and by using the surface three-dimensional seismic data; and a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume is calculated based on the Q values of each layer.

[0123] In a possible implementation, wave equation and ray tracing are used to calculate propagation paths of the sensor data of different offset distances; and the Q value precision correction factor is calculated based on the propagation paths.

[0124] In a possible implementation, a three-dimensional Q volume layered initial model is established based on the surface three-dimensional seismic data; Q value precision in the three-dimensional Q volume layered initial model is corrected based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume, and the Q value precision correction factor to obtain a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the surface three-dimensional seismic data.

[0125] In a possible implementation, based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume, layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing is performed on the surface three-dimensional seismic data according to the propagation law that seismic waves attenuate layer by layer from shallow to deep; and the surface three-dimensional seismic data after the layer-by-layer Q volume compensation processing is output.

[0126] Those skilled in the art should further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, each component and step of the examples has been described in a general manner in the above description. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0127] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module can reside in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and

[0128] The above detailed description describes the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A Q body compensation frequency expansion method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in a well, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining sensor data collected by a distributed fiber acoustic sensor in a well and ground three-dimensional seismic data; calculating a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; performing Q value accuracy correction on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve and performing layered evaluation analysis on the accuracy-corrected second Q value curve; obtaining layer position information along a strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor and calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; calculating a Q value accuracy correction factor by using the sensor data of different offsets, comprising the following steps: calculating a propagation path of the sensor data of different offsets by using wave equation and ray tracing; calculating the Q value accuracy correction factor based on the propagation path; establishing a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume and the Q value accuracy correction factor; performing amplitude-preserving and fidelity-preserving frequency extension processing on the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q volume.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for calculating the first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the sensor data comprises the following steps: calculating the first Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the sensor data, wherein the sensor data is sensor data collected by a distributed fiber acoustic sensor at different depth intervals.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The method for performing Q value accuracy correction on the second Q value curve by using the first Q value curve and performing layered evaluation analysis on the accuracy-corrected second Q value curve comprises the following steps: performing similarity evaluation analysis on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground combined Q value accuracy correction factor at the wellbore position; performing Q value accuracy correction on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground combined Q value accuracy correction factor; performing layered accuracy evaluation analysis on the first Q value curve and the second Q value curve to obtain a well-ground combined Q value matching layered factor at the wellbore position; performing layered processing on the second Q value curve based on the well-ground combined Q value matching layered factor.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The method for obtaining layer position information along a strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor and calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data comprises the following steps: taking the well-ground combined Q value matching layered factor as a picking version to obtain layer position information along a strong energy phase axis in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor; calculating a Q value of each layer based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor and the ground three-dimensional seismic data; calculating a first spatial three-dimensional Q volume based on the Q value of each layer.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for establishing a second spatial three-dimensional Q volume combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q volume and the Q value accuracy correction factor comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional Q volume layered initial model based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; The Q value precision in the three-dimensional Q body layered initial model is corrected based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q body, and the Q value precision correction factor, to obtain a second spatial three-dimensional Q body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The amplitude-preserved and fidelity-protected frequency extension processing of the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body comprises: According to the propagation law that the seismic wave attenuates layer by layer from shallow to deep, the ground three-dimensional seismic data is subjected to layer-by-layer Q body compensation processing based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body. The ground three-dimensional seismic data subjected to the layer-by-layer Q body compensation processing is output.

7. A Q-compensation frequency-expansion device based on distributed fiber optic acoustic sensing in a well, characterized by, Comprise: The acquisition module is configured to acquire sensor data collected by a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor in a well and ground three-dimensional seismic data; The calculation module is configured to calculate a first Q value curve from shallow to deep at a wellbore position based on the sensor data and calculate a second Q value curve from shallow to deep at the wellbore position based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; The correction and analysis module is configured to correct the Q value precision of the second Q value curve using the first Q value curve and perform layered evaluation and analysis on the second Q value curve after the precision correction; The calculation module is further configured to acquire horizon information along a strong energy event in the ground three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a spatial three-dimensional layered factor and calculate a first spatial three-dimensional Q body based on the ground three-dimensional seismic data; The calculation module is further configured to calculate a Q value precision correction factor using the sensor data at different offsets, comprising: calculating a propagation path of the sensor data at the different offsets using wave equation and ray tracing; and calculating the Q value precision correction factor based on the propagation path; The establishment module is configured to establish a second spatial three-dimensional Q body combined with the sensor data and the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the spatial three-dimensional layered factor, the first spatial three-dimensional Q body, and the Q value precision correction factor; The processing module is configured to perform amplitude-preserved and fidelity-protected frequency extension processing of the ground three-dimensional seismic data based on the second spatial three-dimensional Q body.

8. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: A processor and a memory, the processor is used for executing the Q body compensation frequency extension program based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing stored in the memory, to realize the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium stores one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to realize the Q body compensation frequency extension method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing in any one of claims 1-6.

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