A decarbonization design strategy for building envelopes that takes into account differences in load quality and personnel needs

Abstract

The present invention proposes a decarbonization design strategy for building envelope structures that takes into account differences in load quality and personnel needs. This strategy first classifies the building's air-conditioning loads based on the temperatures of the cold and heat sources required to process the loads, identifies their quality differences, and designs targeted, efficient processing paths to rationally allocate the use of high-quality energy. Subsequently, a solar and thermal demand database suitable for people of different age groups is constructed, and the corresponding solar and thermal demands are matched according to the age of the building's users, clarifying the constraints of the optimized design. During the optimization process, the envelope structures are divided into two categories: load-blocking and load-regulating. First, the load-blocking envelope structures are optimized to reduce the number of building loads. On this basis, the load-regulating envelope structures are optimized in combination with the differences in indoor load quality, making full use of low-quality energy such as natural heat and natural cooling to meet the low-quality indoor load needs, thereby achieving efficient cascade utilization of energy. The design strategy of the present invention takes into account both load quality differences and solar and thermal comfort, significantly improving building energy efficiency while ensuring the comfort of different groups of people, and is of great significance to energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building envelope optimization, and provides a building envelope decarbonization design method that takes into account differences in load quality and personnel requirements. Background Art

[0002] As a bridge connecting indoor and outdoor environments, the design of the building envelope not only directly impacts a building's carbon emissions over its entire lifecycle but also profoundly influences indoor thermal comfort and energy efficiency. However, current design optimization of building envelopes often overlooks the diversity of load qualities and their efficient handling strategies, resulting in the inefficient use of high-quality energy to handle low-quality loads. Furthermore, insufficient consideration is given to the differentiated thermal and solar requirements of people of different age groups, leading to insufficient indoor comfort and excessive energy consumption.

[0003] To address this challenge, traditional approaches tend to combine parametric design with stochastic optimization algorithms to globally optimize various building envelope variables. However, the complexity of building envelope design, including the large number of variables and their significant coupling, often leads the optimization process to local optimal solutions, making it difficult to achieve a global optimum. Furthermore, due to the lack of detailed data on the solar and thermal comfort ranges for people of different age groups, the constraints in the optimization process are difficult to accurately quantify, hindering the implementation of decarbonized building envelope designs that are both energy-efficient and comfortable in actual projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This paper proposes an innovative decarbonization design strategy for building envelope structures, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0005] (1) Classify the building's air conditioning load, identify its quality differences, and then design targeted and efficient processing paths to ensure the rational use of high-quality energy;

[0006] (2) Establish a database covering the solar and thermal demand of people of different age groups to provide basic data support for the constraints of the optimal design of building envelope structures;

[0007] (3) For the target building to be optimized, obtain its basic information, including building type, user population and operation data, and calculate the carbon emissions of the building under the existing conditions throughout its life cycle as a benchmark value;

[0008] (4) The solar thermal demand data of the target building users are extracted from the solar thermal demand database as the constraint condition for the optimization design. The carbon emissions throughout the life cycle are taken as the optimization target. Combined with the load quality grading idea, the building envelope structure is optimized in stages, and finally the optimal decarbonization design scheme of the envelope structure throughout the life cycle of the target building is obtained.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the load quality classification is divided according to the temperature range of the cold and heat sources required to process the load, and then a targeted and efficient processing path is designed; that is, natural cold and heat sources are used to process low-quality loads first, and then medium-quality energy such as low-temperature hot water or high-temperature cold water is used to process medium-quality loads. Finally, traditional high-temperature water heating or low-temperature water cooling is used to process the remaining high-quality loads, realizing the cascade utilization of energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving a more refined decarbonization design.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the solar thermal demand database is established by the following steps:

[0011] (1) Determine the light and thermal environment requirements of people of different age groups based on their physiological and psychological developmental characteristics;

[0012] (2) Based on lighting standards and thermal comfort parameters, define illumination, color temperature, indoor temperature and humidity, and related indicators;

[0013] (3) Combined with field survey data, collect light and heat environment data in different climate zones and typical building types to determine the demand parameter range for people of different age groups;

[0014] (4) Through data analysis and model construction, a solar and thermal demand database suitable for different building types and people of different age groups is generated to provide guidance for the optimal design of the envelope structure.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the phased optimization method divides the envelope structure into load blocking type and load regulating type according to the processing mechanism of building load; the former reduces indoor and outdoor heat transfer and reduces the number of indoor loads, while the latter reduces the quality of loads and gives priority to using low-quality energy to regulate indoor loads.

[0016] According to the above scheme, the load-blocking enclosure structure optimization is based on the light and heat demand that matches the age of the database as a constraint condition, and the carbon emissions over the entire life cycle as the optimization target. By optimizing its insulation and thermal insulation performance parameters, the total number of building loads is reduced to obtain the optimization results of the first stage.

[0017] According to the above scheme, the load-regulated enclosure structure optimization, based on the optimization results of the first stage and based on the idea of ​​load quality differences, adopts dynamic adjustment means such as embedded tube walls and phase change materials to give priority to processing low-quality indoor loads, and then process medium and high-quality loads in turn, to achieve cascade utilization of energy and achieve more efficient carbon emission reduction effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the overall flow chart of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the load classification processing path diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A flow chart is constructed for the solar thermal demand database of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Optimize the flow chart for decarburization design of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the decarbonization design strategy for building envelope structures described in this embodiment, which takes into account differences in load quality and personnel needs, includes:

[0024] (1) Classify the building's air conditioning loads, clarify their quality differences, and then rationally select and allocate cooling and heating sources, ensuring that low-quality energy is used first to process low-quality loads, while high-quality energy is only used to process high-quality loads, completing the design of targeted and efficient processing paths;

[0025] (2) Establish a solar thermal demand database covering people of different age groups and various building types, and match the solar thermal demand data according to the building user population to determine the constraints for subsequent building envelope structure design optimization;

[0026] (3) For the target building to be optimized, based on the initial design drawings and field research, obtain basic information about the target building, including user population, operational data, envelope performance, and design parameters. Calculate the building's full life cycle carbon emissions under existing conditions and use this as a benchmark to assess carbon reduction potential.

[0027] (4) According to the user population of the target building, the corresponding demand data is extracted from the solar and thermal demand database as the constraint condition for the optimization design. With the carbon emissions throughout the life cycle as the optimization target, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the building envelope structure in stages: first, for the load-blocking envelope structure, the total number of building loads is reduced by optimizing the insulation and thermal insulation performance parameters, while the implicit carbon emissions of building materials are comprehensively considered; on this basis, the load-regulating envelope structure is optimized in combination with the load quality grading idea, making full use of low-quality energy such as natural heat energy and natural cold energy to meet the low-quality load demand indoors, and realizing efficient cascade utilization of energy.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the load is first graded to design a targeted and efficient processing path; the load is divided into high-, medium- and low-quality loads according to the temperature of the cold and heat sources required to process the load; natural cold and heat sources are preferentially used to process low-quality loads, and then medium-quality energy such as low-temperature hot water or high-temperature cold water is used to process medium-quality loads, and finally traditional high-temperature water heating or low-temperature water cooling is used to process the remaining high-quality loads, realizing the cascade utilization of energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving a more refined decarbonization design.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, establishing a light and heat environment demand database specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) Determine the range of lighting and thermal comfort requirements: Determine the range of lighting and thermal environment requirements for people of different age groups based on their physiological and psychological developmental characteristics and building usage scenarios;

[0031] (2) Define comfort indicators: Based on lighting standards and thermal comfort parameters, define illumination, color temperature, indoor temperature and humidity, and related indicators;

[0032] (3) Collect relevant data on typical buildings in different climate zones: Through literature research combined with field research data, collect light and heat environment data in different climate zones and typical building types to obtain actual demand information and ensure the accuracy and diversity of the data;

[0033] (4) Through data analysis and model construction, a solar and thermal demand database suitable for different building types and people of different age groups is generated to provide data support for the optimization of envelope structure design.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, solving the decarbonization optimization problem of the enclosure structure specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] (1) Determine the optimization objectives and constraints: Taking the solar and thermal demand matching of the appropriate age group in the solar and thermal demand database as the constraint and the carbon emissions throughout the life cycle as the optimization objective, first optimize the load-blocking envelope structure to reduce the total building load, while comprehensively considering the embodied carbon emissions of building materials; the optimization variables include the insulation layer thickness, material type, window type and heat transfer coefficient (U value), building orientation and window-to-wall ratio (WWR) of the envelope structure, and the enhanced elite retention genetic algorithm (SEGA) is used for optimization;

[0036] (2) Based on the optimization results of the first phase, combined with the load quality classification concept, a targeted and efficient processing path is designed, the load-controlled enclosure structure is optimized, dynamic adjustment measures such as embedded pipe walls and phase change materials are introduced, low-quality indoor loads are treated first, and dependence on high-quality energy is reduced to achieve efficient cascade utilization of energy. The enhanced elite retention genetic algorithm (SEGA) is used for optimization;

[0037] (3) Combining the optimization results of the first and second phases, output the decarbonization optimization plan for the building envelope to fully achieve the decarbonization design goal of the building.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decarbonization design method for building envelope structures that takes into account differences in load quality and personnel needs, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Classify the air conditioning load of the building, identify its quality differences, and then design targeted and efficient processing paths to ensure the rational use of high-quality energy; (2) Establish a database covering the solar and thermal needs of people of different age groups to provide basic data support for the constraints of the optimal design of building envelope structures; The database was established using the following steps: 1) Determining the range of light and thermal environment requirements for people of different age groups based on their physiological and psychological developmental characteristics; 2) Defining illuminance, color temperature, indoor temperature and humidity, and related indicators based on lighting standards and thermal comfort parameters; 3) Incorporating field survey data, collecting light and thermal environment data for typical building types in different climate regions, and determining the range of required parameters for people of different age groups; 4) Through data analysis and model building, a solar and thermal demand database suitable for different building types and people of different age groups is generated to guide the optimization design of the building envelope; (3) For the target building to be optimized, obtain its basic information, including building type, user population and operation data, and calculate the carbon emissions of the building under the existing conditions throughout its life cycle as a benchmark value; (4) Extract the solar and thermal demand data of the target building users from the database covering the solar and thermal demand of people of different age groups, and use it as the constraint condition for the optimization design. Taking the carbon emissions throughout the life cycle as the optimization target, the building envelope is optimized in stages in combination with the load quality classification idea, and finally obtain the optimal decarbonization design scheme of the envelope structure throughout the life cycle of the target building; The phased optimization described in step (4) includes: 1) Based on the building load handling mechanism, the building envelope is divided into load-blocking type and load-regulating type. The former reduces indoor and outdoor heat transfer and reduces the number of indoor loads, while the latter reduces the quality of loads and prioritizes the use of low-quality energy to regulate indoor loads. 2) For load-blocking envelope structures, reduce the amount of building load by optimizing their insulation and thermal insulation performance parameters. At the same time, comprehensively consider the embodied carbon emissions of building materials and select low-carbon or renewable materials to reduce carbon emissions during the construction and operation phases. 3) Based on the optimization results of the load-isolating enclosure structure in the first phase and the load quality grading concept, the optimization of the load-regulating enclosure structure in the second phase was further implemented. Dynamic adjustment methods such as embedded pipe walls and phase change materials were adopted to prioritize the treatment of low-quality indoor loads, reducing the high-quality loads that need to be processed by high-quality energy. Then, medium and high-quality loads were processed in sequence, realizing cascaded energy utilization and achieving more efficient carbon emission reduction effects.

2. A decarbonization design method for building envelope structures that takes into account differences in load quality and personnel needs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The classification in step (1) is divided according to the temperature of the cold and heat sources required for processing the load, so as to design a targeted and efficient processing path; natural cold and heat sources are used first to process low-quality loads, and then medium-quality energy such as low-temperature hot water or high-temperature cold water is used to process medium-quality loads, and finally traditional high-temperature water heating or low-temperature water cooling is used to process the remaining high-quality loads, thereby realizing the cascade utilization of energy, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving a more refined decarbonization design.

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