Design method of stabilizer bar bushing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing, which includes analyzing the operating conditions of the vehicle and the load characteristics of the suspension system, determining the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand, selecting the composite material of the bushing, where the inner layer material is made of a high-elasticity material and the outer layer material is a wear-resistant polymer material, and adjusting the elastic characteristics of the composite material through material formula optimization; designing the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, designing the elastic support unit, and optimizing the layout of multiple elastic point elements using a non-linear mechanical model; evenly distributing multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, fitting the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and arranging adjustable damping components; conducting fatigue and life prediction analysis to verify its performance stability; through the reasonable combination of the inner and outer layer materials, the strength of the bushing is enhanced, and the built-in damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to the change of working conditions, significantly improving the performance and durability of the bushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bushing design, and particularly to a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry, especially when driving at high speeds, turning frequently, and driving on uneven roads, the performance requirements of vehicle suspension systems are constantly increasing. The suspension system plays a crucial role in absorbing road shocks, reducing vibrations, and maintaining vehicle body stability. As an important component of the suspension system, the performance of the stabilizer bar bushing directly affects the handling stability and comfort of the vehicle. Especially under complex working conditions such as frequent starts and stops, turning, and passing through uneven roads, the stabilizer bar bushing needs to withstand large alternating loads and vibrations. These working conditions pose higher requirements for the material and design of the bushing, and technical problems such as fatigue failure, vibration response, and service life need to be solved.

[0003] In the prior art, stabilizer bar bushings are generally made of rubber or polymer materials and bear external loads by directly connecting to the stabilizer bar. However, the traditional design of stabilizer bar bushings does not fully consider frequent load changes and vibration characteristics. Especially under working conditions such as uneven roads or high-speed turning, fatigue failure of the bushing is likely to occur. Most bushings in traditional designs have a single material structure, and there is often a conflict between elasticity and wear resistance. For example, although a material that is too soft can buffer shocks, its fatigue resistance is poor; while a material that is too hard has good wear resistance but is prone to cracks or breakage under large loads. These disadvantages result in insufficient durability of the stabilizer bar bushing during long-term use, requiring frequent replacement, which affects the vehicle's use efficiency and maintenance cost.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the design scheme of the stabilizer bar bushing in the prior art to solve the technical problem of its insufficient performance and easy fatigue failure when dealing with complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A design method for a stabilizer bar bushing, comprising:

[0008] Analyze the usage conditions of the vehicle and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different working conditions through a finite element analysis tool to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand;

[0009] Select the composite material of the bushing according to the analyzed maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range. The inner layer material uses a high-elasticity material, and the outer layer material selects a wear-resistant polymer material. Optimize the material formula to adjust the elastic characteristics of the composite material;

[0010] Design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing. Use finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of each layer structure, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers;

[0011] Design an elastic support unit. The elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing. Use a non-linear mechanical model to optimize the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements;

[0012] Distribute a plurality of target points evenly along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the mechanical data of each target point, fit the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and install adjustable damping parts in an embedded manner along the elastic deformation curve;

[0013] Conduct fatigue and life prediction analysis. Based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, combine experimental data to simulate and test the fatigue life of the bushing, optimize the design to extend the service life, and verify its performance stability during long-term use.

[0014] Optionally, analyze the vehicle operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system. Use a finite element analysis tool to simulate the stress and vibration responses of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand. Specifically, it includes:

[0015] Collect the specific vehicle operating condition information and determine the main driving scenarios involved;

[0016] Based on the collected operating condition information, use a vehicle dynamics model to simulate the vehicle's dynamic response under different driving scenarios, and generate dynamic data of the vehicle's displacement, speed, and acceleration under different operating conditions;

[0017] Establish a finite element model of the suspension system. First, model each component of the suspension system, input the geometric and material characteristics of each component, and combine the elastic, rigid, and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and use a preset material model for simulation.

[0018] Optionally, combine the elastic, rigid, and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and use a preset material model for simulation. After that, it further includes:

[0019] Based on the established finite element model, use finite element analysis software. Take the vehicle's dynamic response under different driving scenarios simulated by the vehicle dynamics model as input data, and conduct dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different operating conditions;

[0020] Obtain the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions through finite element analysis, and obtain the stress concentration area and its strain distribution of the bushing under the maximum load condition, and identify the high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur;

[0021] Combined with the finite element analysis results, extract the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies, and analyze the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to bear. Specifically, according to the vibration data, identify the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use through spectrum analysis.

[0022] Optionally, select the composite material of the bushing according to the analyzed maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range, specifically including:

[0023] Determine the performance requirements of the inner layer according to the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to bear determined by analysis, specifically including the target elastic modulus and target dynamic recovery ability index of the inner layer;

[0024] Based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, select one of natural rubber, synthetic rubber or thermoplastic elastomer with high elastic modulus as the base material for selecting the inner layer material;

[0025] Determine the performance requirements of the outer layer according to the vibration frequency range of the bushing determined by analysis, specifically the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer;

[0026] Based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, select polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular polyurethane as the base material for the outer layer material.

[0027] Optionally, adjust the elastic properties of the composite material through material formula optimization, specifically including:

[0028] Obtain the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery ability index of the selected inner layer base material through looking up tables;

[0029] For the selected inner layer base material, use solution blending or melt blending to add high-strength polyester fibers to the inner layer base material, and determine the concentration of high-strength polyester fibers according to the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery ability index and the target dynamic recovery ability index;

[0030] For the selected outer layer base material, use carbon nanotubes as fillers, and adjust the content and dispersion method of the nano-fillers to achieve the target wear resistance coefficient.

[0031] Optionally, design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and use finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of each layer structure to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers, specifically including:

[0032] Conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the selected materials. Among them, the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1;

[0033] Use finite element analysis software to perform 3D modeling on the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure, apply different loads for static analysis, and calculate the stress distribution of each layer of material to identify abnormal areas with stress concentration or excessive deformation;

[0034] Based on the static and dynamic analysis results, further adjust the thickness of each layer. Increase the thickness of the inner layer in the abnormal areas with excessive stress distribution. For the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, keep its initial thickness. If stress concentration occurs, slightly adjust the outer layer thickness;

[0035] Use an optimization algorithm to further optimize the thickness distribution of the multi-layer structure. At the joint of the inner layer and the outer layer, adjust the thickness through the optimization algorithm to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers.

[0036] Optionally, design the elastic support unit. The elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing. Use a non-linear mechanical model to optimize the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements. Specifically, it includes:

[0037] Provide the design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing, and determine the basic layout of the elastic support unit based on the analysis results of loads and vibrations; the elastic support unit is designed as a plurality of elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing;

[0038] According to the analysis results of the finite element stress distribution, adjust the positions and sizes of the plurality of elastic point elements to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements;

[0039] Take the optimized layout and size of the elastic point elements as the design parameters of the elastic support unit, select the material and verify the performance. By testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material, select the corresponding high-elasticity material.

[0040] Optionally, after testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material and selecting the corresponding high-elasticity material, it further includes:

[0041] According to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high-elasticity material, make samples and conduct experimental verification. By actually manufacturing the elastic support unit samples and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions, test the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads;

[0042] Adjust the elastic support unit according to the test data. On the basis of experimental verification, finely tune the layout, size, and material of the elastic point components to further improve the load-bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

[0043] Optionally, distribute multiple target points evenly along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the mechanical data of each target point, fit the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and install an adjustable damper in an embedded manner along the elastic deformation curve. Specifically, it includes:

[0044] Distribute multiple target points evenly along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtain the mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis. The mechanical data is the stress and displacement data of the target point under different loads and vibration conditions;

[0045] Based on the mechanical data of each target point, according to the stress-strain relationship of the target point, use the numerical method of spline interpolation to fit the overall elastic deformation curve of the bushing;

[0046] Along the fitted elastic deformation curve, design and determine the position and installation method of the adjustable damper. The role of the damper is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission; specifically: based on the elastic deformation curve, calculate the damping force required at different positions, determine the optimal damper layout position plan, and the damper should be embedded in the bushing. The specific layout form can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing;

[0047] Conduct performance verification after installing the adjustable damper. Select the damping material and structure, install the adjustable damper in an embedded manner, and then conduct performance verification after installing the damper. During the test, check the influence of the adjustable damper on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing by adjusting the damping effect of the adjustable damper, and optimize the position of the adjustable damper according to the experimental data.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, starting from the vehicle operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, finite element analysis is carried out to simulate the stress and vibration responses of the bushing under different conditions, and to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; Based on the analysis results, suitable composite materials are selected to ensure that the inner and outer layer materials can meet the strength and wear resistance requirements of the bushing. The multi-layer structure of the bushing is further optimized through finite element analysis to determine the thickness of each layer, so as to ensure good stress distribution and deformation characteristics; Then, an elastic support unit is designed, and the layout of the elastic point elements is optimized through a non-linear mechanical model. The damping characteristics of the bushing are optimized according to the elastic deformation curve, and the dynamic response performance of the bushing is improved through the embedded design of adjustable damping components. Finally, fatigue and life prediction analysis are carried out, combined with vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, to ensure the stable performance of the bushing during long-term use, and the design is further optimized through experimental verification to ensure the durability of the bushing; The bushing designed by this solution, through the reasonable combination of the inner and outer layer materials, with the inner layer absorbing most of the impact energy and the outer layer providing wear resistance, enhances the adaptability of the bushing under frequent start-stop and complex road conditions. At the same time, the built-in intelligent damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to the change of working conditions, avoiding fatigue failure caused by excessive load or vibration frequency change, and significantly improving the performance and durability of the stabilizer bar bushing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0050] The structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have technical substance significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 It is one of the flow diagrams of the design method of the stabilizer bar bushing of this embodiment;

[0052] Figure 2 It is the second of the flow diagrams of the design method of the stabilizer bar bushing of this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0053] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centrally arranged component at the same time.

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0056] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for a stabilizer bar bushing, comprising:

[0057] S1, analyze the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and use finite element analysis tools to simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand.

[0058] S2, according to the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range analyzed, select the composite material of the bushing, where the inner layer material is made of high elastic material, and the outer layer material is made of wear-resistant polymer material. The elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula; so that the composite material has higher fatigue resistance when bearing high-frequency vibration.

[0059] S3, design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, use finite element analysis to perform stress distribution and deformation analysis on each layer of the structure, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers; to ensure the synergistic effect of each layer of material under stress and avoid fatigue failure of a single material.

[0060] S4, designing an elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and optimizing the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements by using a nonlinear mechanical model;

[0061] Enable multiple elastic point elements inside the bushing to have multi-point support and multi-stage buffering effects, reduce the concentration of a single stress point by gradually releasing and absorbing stress, and use a non-linear mechanical model to optimize the position layout analysis to ensure its stability and anti-fatigue performance under different loads.

[0062] S5. Uniformly distribute multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the mechanical data of each target point, fit the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and install adjustable damping components in an embedded manner along the elastic deformation curve;

[0063] Design a built-in adjustable damping system. According to the vehicle speed, road conditions and load changes, adjust the elastic and damping characteristics of the bushing in real time, and achieve automatic adjustment through sensors and control systems to adapt to the dynamic changes under various complex working conditions.

[0064] S6. Conduct fatigue and life prediction analysis. Based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, combine experimental data to simulate and test the fatigue life of the bushing, optimize the design to extend the service life, and verify its performance stability during long-term use.

[0065] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: First, starting from the vehicle operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, conduct finite element analysis to simulate the stress and vibration responses of the bushing under different working conditions, and determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; Based on the analysis results, select suitable composite materials to ensure that the inner and outer layer materials can meet the strength and wear resistance requirements of the bushing, further optimize the multi-layer structure of the bushing through finite element analysis, and determine the thickness of each layer to ensure good stress distribution and deformation characteristics; Then design an elastic support unit, optimize the layout of the elastic point elements through a non-linear mechanical model, optimize the damping characteristics of the bushing according to the elastic deformation curve, and improve the dynamic response performance of the bushing through the embedded design of adjustable damping components. Finally, conduct fatigue and life prediction analysis, combine vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information to ensure the performance stability of the bushing during long-term use, and further optimize the design through experimental verification to ensure the durability of the bushing; The bushing designed in this solution, through the reasonable combination of the inner and outer layer materials, the inner layer absorbs most of the impact energy, and the outer layer provides wear resistance, enhancing the adaptability of the bushing under frequent starts and stops and complex road conditions. At the same time, the built-in intelligent damping system automatically adjusts the elasticity and damping of the bushing according to the changes in working conditions, avoiding fatigue failure caused by excessive load or vibration frequency changes, and significantly improving the performance and durability of the stabilizer bar bushing.

[0066] In this embodiment, specifically, step S1 specifically includes:

[0067] S11. Collect the specific vehicle operating condition information and determine the main driving scenarios involved;

[0068] Operating condition information includes, for example, frequent start-stop, turning, passing through uneven roads, etc. These operating conditions are crucial for the design of the stabilizer bar bushings because they directly affect the loads and vibration frequencies that the bushings need to withstand. During this process, factors such as vehicle speed, road conditions, suspension system configuration, and vehicle load are considered to ensure that these operating conditions can comprehensively reflect the stress changes in actual use.

[0069] S12. Based on the collected operating condition information, use a vehicle dynamics model to simulate the vehicle's dynamic responses in different driving scenarios, and generate dynamic data of the vehicle's displacement, speed, and acceleration under different operating conditions;

[0070] Through these dynamic data, the maximum alternating loads and vibration frequency ranges experienced by the stabilizer bar and its bushings can be initially understood. For accurate simulation, the actual dimensions and physical properties of the key components of the suspension system, stabilizer bar, and vehicle body can be included in the vehicle dynamics model.

[0071] S13. Establish a finite element model of the suspension system. First, model each component of the suspension system, input the geometric and material properties of each component, and use a preset material model for simulation in combination with the elastic, rigid, and damping properties of different materials under different load conditions;

[0072] Model each component of the suspension system (including the stabilizer bar, bushings, springs, shock absorbers, etc.), and input the geometric and material properties of each component. Considering the elastic, rigid, and damping properties of different materials under different load conditions, that is, the load characteristics of the suspension system, use a suitable material model for simulation; for example, use a linear elastic material model to simulate metal components and a nonlinear elastic or viscoelastic material model to simulate rubber bushings. The established model needs to fully consider the contact relationships at the connection points to ensure that the physical constraint relationships between all components are accurately represented.

[0073] S14. Based on the established finite element model, use finite element analysis software (such as ANSYS or ABAQUS), take the vehicle's dynamic responses in different driving scenarios simulated by the vehicle dynamics model as input data, and perform dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different operating conditions;

[0074] During the simulation process, apply the considered operating condition data, such as the vibration response of the vehicle on uneven roads, the lateral force during turning, etc., to simulate the force conditions of the bushings under different speeds, accelerations, and vibration frequencies. During the simulation, accurately define the load application points, vibration sources, and transmission paths, and gradually apply alternating loads according to the operating conditions to simulate the mechanical responses such as pressure and shear force borne by the bushings under real operating conditions.

[0075] S15. Obtain the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions through finite element analysis, and obtain the stress concentration area and its strain distribution of the bushing under the maximum load condition, and identify the high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur;

[0076] Pay special attention to the stress concentration area and its strain distribution of the bushing under the maximum load condition, and identify the high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur. During the analysis process, the contact pressure, friction force between the bushing and the stabilizer bar, and the dynamic stress caused by vibration should be considered, which has important reference value for the subsequent design of multi-layer structures and material selection.

[0077] S16. Combine the finite element analysis results, extract the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies, and analyze the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand. Specifically, according to the vibration data, identify the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use through spectrum analysis.

[0078] This process provides a basis for subsequent optimization of the elasticity and vibration resistance characteristics of the material, ensuring that the bushing can cope with the dynamic vibrations under various complex road conditions.

[0079] Based on the foregoing analysis results, determine the design requirements of the stabilizer bar bushing under the maximum alternating load and the maximum vibration frequency, and provide data support for subsequent material selection, structural design, and layout of elastic support units. The key innovation in this stage is to combine dynamic simulation with spectrum analysis, and provide accurate input for each link in the design stage by refining the working condition analysis data.

[0080] In this embodiment, specifically, step S2 specifically includes:

[0081] S21. Determine the performance requirements of the inner layer according to the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to withstand determined by analysis, specifically including the target elastic modulus and target dynamic recovery ability index of the inner layer;

[0082] The first step in selecting the composite material of the bushing according to the analyzed maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range is to determine the performance requirements of the inner layer and outer layer materials. Through a comprehensive analysis of the vehicle working conditions, evaluate the load amplitude, vibration frequency, and possible dynamic responses that the bushing needs to withstand, especially under the conditions of high load and long-term operation. First of all, the inner layer material needs to have a high elastic modulus and good dynamic recovery ability to ensure that it can quickly return to its original shape under high load and avoid material fatigue failure under long-term alternating load.

[0083] S22. Based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, select one of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or thermoplastic elastomer with a relatively high elastic modulus as the base material for selecting the inner layer material;

[0084] Based on the performance requirements of S21, a high-elasticity material is selected as the inner layer material. This material must have a high elastic modulus (greater than 10 GPa), good plasticity, and impact resistance to withstand the maximum alternating load of the stabilizer bar. Specific materials can be selected such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or thermoplastic elastomers with a relatively high elastic modulus. These materials not only have good elasticity but also can maintain stable physical properties under different temperature conditions. Further, in order to optimize the elastic properties, combining molecular design and nanotechnology, an appropriate amount of nanoparticles (such as carbon nanotubes) is introduced into the molecular chain structure of the material to enhance its stress response characteristics and reduce the internal energy loss of the material.

[0085] S23, determine the performance requirements of the outer layer based on the vibration frequency range of the bushing determined through analysis, specifically the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer;

[0086] The outer layer material mainly requires excellent wear resistance to cope with friction and wear during long-term use and the influence of the external environment.

[0087] S24, based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, select polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular polyurethane as the base material of the outer layer material.

[0088] Select a wear-resistant polymer material as the outer layer material to ensure the service life and stability of the material in a high-friction environment. Common outer layer materials include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or high molecular polyurethane (PU) materials. These materials have extremely high wear resistance and are suitable for maintaining a low wear rate under continuous friction. In particular, when using a polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, the wear resistance and thermal stability of the material can be further improved by adding graphite powder or ceramic microparticles. For use in high-temperature and harsh environments, high-temperature-resistant polymers such as polyimide (PI) or polyaryletherketone (PEEK) can also be introduced.

[0089] S25, obtain the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery ability index of the selected inner layer base material through a table lookup method.

[0090] S26, for the selected inner layer base material, use the solution blending or melt blending method to add high-strength polyester fibers to the inner layer base material, and determine the concentration of high-strength polyester fibers based on the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery ability index and the target dynamic recovery ability index;

[0091] Use the solution blending or melt blending method to combine different polymer materials to achieve the required elastic and wear-resistant properties. For example, add a small amount of high-strength polyester fibers to the inner layer elastic polymer to improve the compressive strength and elastic recovery performance under dynamic load of the material;

[0092] S27. For the selected outer substrate material, carbon nanotubes are used as fillers. By adjusting the content and dispersion method of the nano-fillers, the target wear resistance coefficient is achieved.

[0093] Nanomaterials such as nano-silicon, nano-clay or carbon nanotubes are used as fillers to enhance the elasticity and wear resistance of the composite material. By adjusting the content and dispersion method of the nano-fillers, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite material can be significantly improved.

[0094] In this embodiment, specifically, step S3 specifically includes:

[0095] S31. Conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the performance requirements of the selected material, preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer. Among them, the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1.

[0096] First, conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, determine the inner and outer layer structures of the bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the material selected in the previous step S2. The inner layer is mainly responsible for bearing most of the load and should have a high elastic modulus; the outer layer needs to have excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance to adapt to the working environment of the bushing; among them, the preliminarily set thickness ratio can be adjusted according to the working conditions. Usually, the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1.

[0097] S32. Use finite element analysis software to perform 3D modeling on the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure and apply different loads for static analysis. By calculating the stress distribution of each layer of material, identify the abnormal areas with stress concentration or excessive deformation.

[0098] Thus, provide a basis for the optimized design. At the same time, conduct dynamic analysis to simulate the deformation response of the stabilizer bar bushing at different vibration frequencies to ensure that the bushing can maintain good dynamic performance during vehicle use.

[0099] S33. Based on the results of static and dynamic analysis, further adjust the thickness of each layer. Increase the thickness of the inner layer in the abnormal areas with excessive stress distribution. For the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, keep its initial thickness. If stress concentration occurs, make fine adjustments to the outer layer thickness.

[0100] Increase the thickness of the inner layer in the abnormal areas with excessive stress distribution to improve its load-bearing capacity; at the same time, for the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, keep its initial thickness, otherwise make fine adjustments to the outer layer thickness according to the stress concentration situation. At this time, the thickness adjustment needs to comprehensively consider the functional requirements of the inner and outer layers to ensure that the material can withstand the maximum load and has good elastic properties.

[0101] S34. Further optimize the thickness distribution of the multi-layer structure using an optimization algorithm. At the joint between the inner layer and the outer layer, adjust the thickness through the optimization algorithm to determine the thicknesses of the inner and outer layers.

[0102] Through topology optimization or shape optimization methods, on the basis of ensuring the structural strength, reasonably distribute the thickness and position of the material to avoid unnecessary material waste. Especially at the joint between the inner layer and the outer layer, adjust the thickness through the optimization algorithm to improve the overall durability and mechanical properties of the bushing.

[0103] Conduct the final confirmation of the layer thickness under multiple working conditions. According to the actual usage conditions, such as vehicle load, driving speed, driving style, etc., verify and optimize the thickness setting of each layer. According to the influence of different load conditions and vibration frequencies, adjust the thickness ratio of the inner and outer layers to ensure that the bushing can maintain excellent performance under all working conditions.

[0104] In this embodiment, specifically, step S4 specifically includes:

[0105] S41. Provide the design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing. Based on the analysis results of the load and vibration, determine the basic layout of the elastic support units; the elastic support units are designed as multiple elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing;

[0106] First, provide the design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing. Based on the results of the previous analysis of the load and vibration, determine the basic layout of the elastic support units. The design of the elastic support units requires setting multiple elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing. The function of these elements is to provide support and absorb part of the load, enabling the bushing to better cope with vibration shocks under dynamic working conditions; in the preliminary design stage, determine the optimal distribution scheme of the elastic point elements through finite element analysis and select a suitable elastic material to optimize its performance.

[0107] S42. According to the analysis results of the finite element stress distribution, adjust the positions and sizes of the multiple elastic point elements to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements;

[0108] Next, according to the results of the finite element analysis, further optimize the geometric shapes and sizes of the elastic point elements. The size, shape, and distribution density of each elastic point element have a direct impact on the performance of the bushing. By accurately calculating the stress response and deformation of each elastic point element, adjust its position and shape to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation. Use a non-linear mechanical model to conduct a detailed analysis of these elastic point elements to ensure that their stress-strain relationship under different load conditions meets the design requirements.

[0109] S43. Take the layout and size optimization of the elastic point elements as the design parameters of the elastic support unit, select materials and verify their performance for it. By testing the mechanical properties of elastic materials, select the corresponding high-elasticity materials.

[0110] Select suitable high-elasticity materials, such as silicone or polyurethane materials, to ensure that these materials can provide sufficient elastic support and maintain stable performance during long-term use. Test the fatigue resistance, aging resistance, and impact resistance of different materials, and select the best materials for the elastic point elements.

[0111] S44. According to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high-elasticity materials, make samples and conduct experimental verification. By actually manufacturing samples of the elastic support unit and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions, test the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads.

[0112] Use the optimized materials and design parameters to make samples and conduct experimental verification. At this stage, by actually manufacturing samples of the elastic support unit and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions. Test the elastic performance and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads to ensure that the designed elastic point elements can effectively reduce impact and vibration in actual applications and maintain stable support performance.

[0113] S45. Adjust the elastic support unit according to the test data. On the basis of experimental verification, finely adjust the layout, size, and materials of the elastic point elements to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

[0114] Step S45. Make final adjustments to the elastic support unit according to the test data. On the basis of experimental verification, finely adjust the layout, shape, and materials of the elastic point elements to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption performance of the bushing. Finally, confirm the feasibility of the design scheme and prepare to enter the mass production stage. Through this process, ensure that the elastic support unit has excellent performance under long-term and high-load usage conditions.

[0115] In this embodiment, specifically, step S5 specifically includes:

[0116] S51. Uniformly distribute multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtain the mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis. The mechanical data is the stress and displacement data of the target point under different loads and vibration conditions.

[0117] First, a plurality of target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. The distribution of the target points should take into account the working state and mechanical response of the bushing to ensure uniform distribution in the axial direction, so as to accurately capture the mechanical data of the bushing under different working conditions. Through finite element analysis, the stress, strain, and displacement data of each target point under different loads and vibration conditions are obtained, providing the necessary data support for the subsequent fitting of the elastic deformation curve.

[0118] S52. Based on the mechanical data of each target point, according to the stress-strain relationship of the target points, the elastic deformation curve of the entire bushing is fitted by means of the numerical method of spline interpolation.

[0119] Based on the mechanical data of each target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted. According to the stress-strain relationship of the target points, the elastic deformation curve of the entire bushing is fitted by numerical methods such as the least squares method or spline interpolation. This curve represents the elastic deformation characteristics of the bushing under different load conditions and can reflect the mechanical response of the bushing during use. During the fitting process, the smoothness and accuracy of the curve should be ensured to avoid errors and discontinuous deformation characteristics.

[0120] S53. Along the fitted elastic deformation curve, the position and installation method of the adjustable damper are designed and determined. The function of the damper is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic working conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission. Specifically: based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the optimal damper layout position plan. The damper should be embedded in the bushing, and the specific layout form can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing.

[0121] The main function of the damper is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic working conditions and reduce unnecessary resonance and vibration transmission. Based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the optimal damper layout plan. The damper should be embedded in the bushing, and the specific layout form can be a cylindrical or annular structure parallel to the inner wall of the bushing to ensure that it can work effectively during the operation of the bushing without interfering with the overall function.

[0122] S54. Perform performance verification after installing the adjustable damper. Select a suitable damping material and structure, install the adjustable damper in an embedded manner, and then perform performance verification after installing the damper. During the test, by adjusting the damping effect of the adjustable damper, check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing, and optimize the position of the adjustable damper according to the experimental data.

[0123] Install the adjustable damping component in an embedded manner. According to the design requirements, select appropriate damping materials and structures, such as rubber, polyurethane or silicone materials, which have high damping performance and can adapt to different vibration frequencies. The adjustable damping component can adjust its damping effect through mechanical adjustment or by using an intelligent control system to adapt to different load conditions and vibration situations. During the installation process, ensure that the damping component is in close contact with the inner wall of the bushing to avoid gaps or looseness, and ensure stability and durability during long-term use.

[0124] Conduct performance verification after installing the damping component. Through experimental verification, simulate the use of the bushing under actual working conditions and evaluate the performance of the damping component under different vibration frequencies and load conditions. During the test, by adjusting the damping effect of the adjustable damping component, check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing to ensure that it can effectively reduce vibration and improve the stability of the bushing during actual use. Optimize the design based on the experimental data, and finally confirm the rationality of the installation position, material selection and adjustment method of the damping component to ensure the long-term reliability of the bushing.

[0125] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing, characterized in that: include: Analyze the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and use finite element analysis tools to simulate the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand; According to the analyzed maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range, the composite material of the bushing is selected, specifically including: determining the performance requirements of the inner layer by analyzing the maximum alternating load that the bushing needs to withstand, specifically including the target elastic modulus and target dynamic recovery capacity index of the inner layer; based on the performance requirements of the inner layer, selecting natural rubber, synthetic rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer with a high elastic modulus as the base material for the inner layer; determining the performance requirements of the outer layer by analyzing the vibration frequency range of the bushing, specifically the target wear resistance coefficient of the outer layer; based on the performance requirements of the outer layer, selecting polytetrafluoroethylene or high molecular polyurethane as the base material for the outer layer; wherein the inner layer material is made of high elastic material, and the outer layer material is made of A wear-resistant polymer material is selected, and the elastic properties of the composite material are adjusted by optimizing the material formula, specifically including: obtaining the standard elastic modulus and standard dynamic recovery capacity index of the selected inner layer substrate material by looking up a table; for the selected inner layer substrate material, high-strength polyester fiber is added to the inner layer substrate material by solution blending or melt blending, and the concentration of the high-strength polyester fiber is determined by the difference between the standard elastic modulus and the target elastic modulus, and the difference between the standard dynamic recovery capacity index and the target dynamic recovery capacity index; for the selected outer layer substrate material, carbon nanotubes are used as fillers, and the target wear resistance coefficient is achieved by adjusting the content and dispersion of the nanofillers; After that include: Design the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, use finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution and deformation of each layer, and determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers; Designing an elastic support unit, wherein the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and optimizing the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements by using a nonlinear mechanical model; Multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted according to the mechanical data of each target point, and the adjustable damping component is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner; Optimize fatigue and life prediction analysis, simulate the fatigue life of the bushing based on vehicle operating conditions and dynamic loading information, and combine experimental data to optimize the design to extend the service life and verify its performance stability during long-term use.

2. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the vehicle's operating conditions and the load characteristics of the suspension system, and the simulation of the stress and vibration response of the stabilizer bar bushing under different operating conditions using a finite element analysis tool, to determine the maximum alternating load and vibration frequency range that the bushing needs to withstand, specifically includes: Collect the specific operating conditions of the vehicle and determine the main driving scenarios involved; Based on the collected working condition information, the vehicle dynamics model is used to simulate the dynamic response of the vehicle under different driving scenarios, and the dynamic data of the displacement, speed and acceleration of the vehicle under different working conditions are generated; To establish a finite element model of the suspension system, first model the various components of the suspension system, input the geometric characteristics and material properties of each component, and combine the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, and use the preset material model for simulation.

3. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The above and combined with the elasticity, rigidity and damping characteristics of different materials under different load conditions, the simulation is performed using a preset material model, and then also includes: Based on the established finite element model, the finite element analysis software is used to take the vehicle dynamic response under different driving scenarios simulated by the vehicle dynamics model as input data to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the suspension system under different working conditions; Through finite element analysis, the stress and vibration response data of the bushing under different working conditions are obtained, and the stress concentration area and strain distribution of the bushing under maximum load are obtained to identify high-risk areas where fatigue failure may occur; Combined with the finite element analysis results, the vibration response data of the stabilizer bar bushing at different frequencies are extracted, and the maximum vibration frequency that the bushing needs to withstand is analyzed. Specifically, based on the vibration data, the maximum vibration frequency range of the bushing in actual use is identified through spectrum analysis.

4. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing is designed, and the stress distribution and deformation analysis of each layer structure are performed by finite element analysis to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers, specifically including: Conduct a preliminary design of the multi-layer structure of the stabilizer bar bushing, and preliminarily set the thickness ratio of the inner layer and the outer layer according to the performance requirements of the selected material, wherein the ratio of the inner layer thickness to the outer layer thickness is between 2:1 and 3:1; Finite element analysis software is used to perform three-dimensional modeling of the preliminarily designed multi-layer structure, and different loads are applied for static analysis. By calculating the stress distribution of each layer of material, abnormal areas with stress concentration or excessive deformation are identified; Based on the results of static and dynamic analysis, the thickness of each layer is further adjusted. The thickness of the inner layer is increased in abnormal areas where the stress distribution is too large. For the outer layer material, if the stress distribution is uniform and there is no obvious local stress concentration, its initial thickness is maintained. If stress concentration occurs, the thickness of the outer layer is fine-tuned. The optimization algorithm is used to further optimize the thickness distribution of the multilayer structure. The thickness is adjusted at the junction of the inner and outer layers through the optimization algorithm to determine the thickness of the inner and outer layers.

5. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The design of the elastic support unit includes a plurality of elastic point elements arranged on the inner wall of the bushing, and the layout of the plurality of elastic point elements is optimized by using a nonlinear mechanical model, specifically including: Provide design parameters of the inner wall of the bushing, and determine the basic layout of the elastic support unit based on the analysis results of the load and vibration; the elastic support unit is designed as a plurality of elastic point elements distributed on the inner wall of the bushing; According to the analysis results of finite element stress distribution, the positions and sizes of multiple elastic point elements are adjusted to avoid stress concentration and local excessive deformation, so as to further optimize the layout and size of the elastic point elements; The layout and size of the optimized elastic point elements are used as the design parameters of the elastic support unit, and the material selection and performance verification are carried out on it. The corresponding high-elastic material is selected by testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material.

6. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: testing the mechanical properties of the elastic material to select the corresponding high elastic material; and then: According to the design parameters of the elastic support unit and the selected high elastic material, samples are made and tested for verification. The bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing under various loads are tested by actually manufacturing the elastic support unit samples and conducting experimental verification under different working conditions. The elastic support unit is adjusted according to the test data, and the layout, size and material of the elastic point elements are fine-tuned on the basis of experimental verification to further improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption effect of the bushing.

7. The method for designing a stabilizer bar bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple target points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing. According to the mechanical data of each target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing is fitted, and the adjustable damping member is installed along the elastic deformation curve in an embedded manner, specifically including: Evenly distribute multiple target points along the axial direction of the stabilizer bar bushing, and obtain mechanical data of each target point through finite element analysis, wherein the mechanical data is stress and displacement data of the target point under different load and vibration conditions; Based on the mechanical data of each target point and the stress-strain relationship of the target point, the elastic deformation curve of the bushing as a whole is fitted by the numerical method of spline interpolation; Along the elastic deformation curve obtained by fitting, the position and installation method of the adjustable damping element are designed and determined. The function of the damping element is to control the vibration amplitude of the bushing under dynamic conditions and reduce resonance and vibration transmission. Specifically, based on the elastic deformation curve, the damping force required at different positions is calculated to determine the optimal damping element arrangement position scheme. The damping element should be embedded in the bushing. The performance of the adjustable damping component after installation is verified. The damping material and structure are selected. The adjustable damping component is installed in an embedded manner. The performance of the damping component after installation is then verified. During the test, the damping effect of the adjustable damping component is adjusted to check its influence on the elastic deformation curve of the bushing. The position of the adjustable damping component is optimized according to the experimental data.

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