A water source dispatching method for forest fire extinguishing

Abstract

The invention discloses a water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fires, and belongs to the field of water source dispatching. The method monitors data such as forest environmental information, water source conditions, and personnel positions in real time; monitors the conditions of fire water storage points that divert water to the mountains in real time to make adequate preparations for preventing the spread of forest fires; when a forest fire occurs, calculates the forest fire spread speed based on monitoring data; obtains environmental information and water storage point information when the fire occurs, and establishes a forest fire spread area model in combination with the forest fire spread speed, and obtains the forest fire spread boundary based on the area model; obtains the position of rescue personnel, and calculates the time from the departure of the rescue personnel to the pumping of water to extinguish the fire with the purpose of minimizing the spread loss, so as to plan the water source dispatching method, and the invention can effectively reduce the losses caused by the spread of forest fires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fires, and belongs to the field of water source dispatching. Background Art

[0002] In a forest fire, the timely extinguishing of a fire point is related to the safety of the entire forest. The reality is that we need to avoid the large-scale spread of fire in the forest.

[0003] At present, drinking water projects are being carried out in all forest areas. Water storage points are deployed in the mountains. By monitoring the water level at the water storage points, the hydraulic pressure, liquid level, and start and stop of the water pumps during the entire process of the water pumping pipeline, a complete drinking water up the mountain function is formed to help extinguish forest fires. Therefore, most of the existing forest firefighting is to transport water from the mountain water source over a long distance, or to arrange water sources based on the water storage points that divert water up the mountain. However, in the process of firefighting, the impact of weather and firefighting progress on the changes in the fire during the entire firefighting process cannot be considered in real time. In addition, the decision-making on rescue direction and resource investment is limited by human observation, and it is impossible to scientifically decide the firefighting priority when there are multiple fire points, resulting in a lack of certain guarantees in the timeliness and scientificity of forest fire extinguishing decisions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the current problems of diversity of fire analysis factors and rescue priority of multiple fire points, the present invention provides a water source scheduling method for forest fire extinguishing, the method comprising:

[0005] Step 1: Get the location of the fire point and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation method is:

[0006]

[0007] Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, represents the overall correction factor;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the fire extinguishing time t for each fire point k , the fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v k The sum of the time that becomes 0;

[0009] Step 3: Calculate the actual area covered by the fire spread:

[0010]

[0011] Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with the fire spread speed v k Calculate the wind direction;

[0012] Step 4: Constrain water source scheduling based on available water, water storage, and water demand at the fire point;

[0013] Step 5: Comprehensively consider the real-time environmental factors, predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend, and obtain the rescue priority:

[0014] FR j =W j f(x j )

[0015] Among them, FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x j ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x j Corresponding to the fine combustible moisture code FFMC, coarse humus moisture code DMC, drought code DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of fire risk point j;

[0016] Step 6: Calculate the fire spread area S2 = FR j S1;

[0017] Step 7: Arrange the dispatch of water resources according to the fire trend and the area covered from large to small.

[0018] Optionally, the constraints on water resource scheduling in step 4 include: the water source available for withdrawal from each water storage point cannot be greater than its maximum water storage capacity, the amount of water delivered to all fire points is greater than the water required to extinguish all fire points, and each fire point is supported.

[0019] Optionally, the calculation formula of the fine combustible humidity code FFMC is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, m1 represents the combustibility rate of fine fuels in the monitoring area within the forest farm.

[0022] Optionally, the calculation formula of the coarse humus moisture code DMC is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, m2 represents the moisture content of surface combustible materials in the monitoring area within the forest farm.

[0025] Optionally, the calculation formula of the drought code DC is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, m3 represents the humidity equivalent of the drought code in the monitoring area of ​​the forest farm.

[0028] The present invention provides a water source dispatching system for extinguishing forest fires, comprising:

[0029] The fire spread speed calculation module is configured to obtain the fire point location and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation method is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, represents the overall correction factor;

[0032] The fire extinguishing time calculation module is configured to calculate the fire extinguishing time t of each fire point. k , the fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v k The sum of the time that becomes 0;

[0033] The actual coverage area calculation module of the fire point spread is configured to calculate the actual coverage area of ​​the fire point spread:

[0034]

[0035] Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with the fire spread speed v k Calculate the wind direction;

[0036] A water source scheduling constraint module is configured to constrain water source scheduling according to available water volume, water storage volume and water demand of the fire point;

[0037] The priority calculation module is configured to comprehensively consider real-time environmental factors, predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend, and obtain the rescue priority:

[0038] FR j =W j f(x j )

[0039] Among them, FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x j ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x j Corresponding to the fine combustible moisture code FFMC, coarse humus moisture code DMC, drought code DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of fire risk point j;

[0040] The fire trend spread coverage area calculation module is configured to calculate the fire trend spread coverage area S2 = FR j S1;

[0041] The scheduling module is configured to arrange the scheduling of water resources according to the fire trend and the spread coverage area from large to small.

[0042] Optionally, the water source scheduling constraint module imposes constraints on water source scheduling including: the water source available for withdrawal from each water storage point cannot be greater than its maximum water storage capacity, the amount of water delivered to all fire points is greater than the water required to extinguish all fire points, and each fire point is supported.

[0043] The present invention provides a water source dispatching device for extinguishing forest fires, comprising a memory and a processor;

[0044] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0045] The processor is used to implement the water source scheduling method for extinguishing forest fires as described in any of the above items when executing the computer program.

[0046] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the water source scheduling method for extinguishing forest fires as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] The water source scheduling method of the present invention combines real-time meteorological data in the fire situation analysis when a forest fire occurs, and can judge the speed of forest fire spread according to monitoring data. It also combines environmental influencing factors to analyze the area after the forest fire spreads, and calculates the water resource scheduling situation according to the location of rescue personnel and the real-time water demand for extinguishing the fire point, so as to plan the scheduling method.

[0049] On the other hand, when deciding on rescue priorities, the real-time changes in the amount of water required for extinguishing each fire point are combined to divide the forest fire spread area into two parts: the actual spread area and the predicted spread area. After the water source is supplied to the fire point, the change in the spread speed is calculated in real time, and this comprehensive spread area is used as the rescue priority to minimize the losses caused by the spread of the forest fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fires.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a comparison diagram of wind speed and wind speed correction system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of slope and slope correction coefficient provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart between combustible material types and correction coefficient β provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5 It is a fire risk level comparison chart provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] This embodiment provides a water source scheduling method for extinguishing forest fires. Figure 1The method includes: real-time monitoring of forest environmental information, water source conditions, personnel locations and other data; real-time monitoring of the fire water storage points that divert water to the mountain to make adequate preparations to prevent the spread of forest fires; when a forest fire occurs, the forest fire spread speed is calculated based on the monitoring data; environmental information and water storage point information when the fire occurs are obtained, and a forest fire spread area model is established in combination with the forest fire spread speed, and the forest fire spread boundary is obtained based on the area model; the location of rescue personnel is obtained, and the time from the departure of the rescue personnel to the pumping of water to extinguish the fire is calculated with the purpose of minimizing the spread loss, so as to plan the water source scheduling method.

[0059] The forest detection and monitoring system analyzes the fire spread of the fire point. When the forest detects a fire point, it determines the spread speed of the fire point based on the on-site environmental data, and determines the time required to complete the rescue based on the distance between the rescuer and each fire point. Combined with the on-site environmental wind direction, the actual spread area of ​​each fire point after the fire point is discovered is obtained. The specific calculation steps are as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Get the location of the fire point and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation formula is:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, Indicates the overall correction coefficient. For specific parameter values, see the attached Figure 2-5 .

[0063] Step 2: Calculate the fire extinguishing time for each fire point.

[0064] Fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v k The sum of the time it takes for the fire point to become 0, where the rescue response time is a constant t0, which is related to the distance from the rescue point to the fire point and can be determined by empirical methods; the time t1 for the water storage point to extract water is related to the designed flow rate of the pipeline and can be calculated; the fire spread speed at each fire point is determined by v k The time t2 becomes 0 = f(v k ), which is related to the speed of fire spread and changes in real time with the fire situation.

[0065] Step 3: Based on the above fire spread speed and the fire extinguishing time of each fire point, combined with the wind direction monitoring situation, the actual coverage area of ​​the fire point spread is calculated as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with v k Calculate the wind direction.

[0068] Step 4: Based on the water volume and location of the water source, comprehensively consider the relationship between the water source and the fire point, and prioritize the rescue of each fire point.

[0069] When fires occur at multiple points in a forest, and there are limitations on the amount of water available and resources such as rescue personnel, it is necessary to use existing forest water storage points and corresponding pumping points as the main source of water for firefighting, comprehensively consider the relationship between water volume and fire points, prioritize the rescue of each fire point, implement strategic water resource scheduling, and ensure that the damage to the entire forest area is as small as possible and the duration of the fire is as short as possible.

[0070] Considering the limited rescue resources, the water available for each water storage point cannot be greater than its maximum water storage capacity. m represents the number of water storage points from which water is drawn, q i represents the amount of water available for extraction from the i-th water storage point, V i Represents the storage water capacity of the ith water storage point.

[0071] To ensure that the water delivered to all fire points is sufficient to extinguish the fire, the amount of water delivered to all fire points must be greater than the water required to extinguish all fire points. Q k It represents the amount of water needed to extinguish the kth fire point. For a single fire point, the amount of water delivered to each fire point must be greater than the water demand of the fire point. The water source scheduling constraint for a single fire point is q ik It represents the amount of water drawn from the i-th water storage point to the k-th fire point.

[0072] To ensure that the forest fire is under overall control, it is necessary to ensure that each fire point is supported and the fire point constraints are extinguished. Among them, x k Indicates whether the fire at the kth fire point has been completely resolved. If the fire is not completely resolved, there is a high risk of re-ignition. Therefore, once the fire is resolved, there must be only two states: completed or uncompleted. Therefore When x k =1, that is, the fire situation at the current fire point has been dealt with, and the amount of water provided has met the water demand for extinguishing the fire point; when When x k =0, that is, the amount of water provided does not meet the water demand of the fire point.

[0073] Only the actual spread trend is considered, and the changes in real-time environmental factors are not taken into account. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend. j =W j f(x j ), where FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x k ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x k It corresponds to the FFMC, DMC, DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of the fire risk point k. m1 represents the combustibility rate of fine fuels in the monitoring area within the forest farm; m2 represents the moisture content of the surface combustibles in the monitoring area of ​​the forest farm; m3 represents the humidity equivalent of the drought code in the monitoring area of ​​the forest farm.

[0074] Fire trend spread coverage area S2 = FR j S1, this parameter is the primary reference for fire extinguishing water source scheduling, that is, the fire trend spreads to cover an area as small as possible, and the water resource scheduling problem is arranged from large to small according to the trend coverage area.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] This embodiment provides a water source dispatching system for extinguishing forest fires, including:

[0077] The fire spread speed calculation module is configured to obtain the fire point location and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation method is:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, represents the overall correction factor;

[0080] The fire extinguishing time calculation module is configured to calculate the fire extinguishing time t of each fire point. k , fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v kThe sum of the time that becomes 0;

[0081] The actual coverage area calculation module of the fire point spread is configured to calculate the actual coverage area of ​​the fire point spread:

[0082]

[0083] Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with the fire spread speed v k Calculate the wind direction;

[0084] A water source scheduling constraint module is configured to constrain water source scheduling according to available water volume, water storage volume and water demand of the fire point;

[0085] The priority calculation module is configured to comprehensively consider real-time environmental factors, predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend, and obtain the rescue priority:

[0086] FR j =W j f(x j )

[0087] Among them, FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x j ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x j Corresponding to the fine combustible moisture code FFMC, coarse humus moisture code DMC, drought code DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of fire risk point j;

[0088] The fire trend spread coverage area calculation module is configured to calculate the fire trend spread coverage area S2 = FR j S1;

[0089] The scheduling module is configured to arrange the scheduling of water resources according to the fire trend and the spread coverage area from large to small.

[0090] Some steps in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented using software, and the corresponding software program may be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a CD or a hard disk.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fires, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: Get the location of the fire point and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation method is: Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, represents the overall correction factor; Step 2: Calculate the fire extinguishing time t for each fire point k , the fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v k The sum of the time that becomes 0; Step 3: Calculate the actual area covered by the fire spread: Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with the fire spread speed v k Calculate the wind direction; Step 4: Constrain water source scheduling based on available water, water storage, and water demand at the fire point; Step 5: Comprehensively consider the real-time environmental factors, predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend, and obtain the rescue priority: FR j =W j f(x j ) Among them, FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x j ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x j It corresponds to the fine combustible moisture code FFMC, coarse humus moisture code DMC, drought code DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of fire risk point j; Step 6: Calculate the fire spread area S2 = FR j S1; Step 7: Arrange the dispatch of water resources according to the fire trend and the area covered from large to small.

2. The water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraints on water source scheduling in step 4 include: the water source available for extraction from each water storage point cannot be greater than its maximum water storage capacity, the amount of water delivered to all fire points is greater than the water required to extinguish all fire points, and each fire point is supported.

3. The water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the fine combustible humidity code FFMC is: Among them, m1 represents the combustibility rate of fine fuels in the monitoring area within the forest farm.

4. The water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the coarse humus humidity code DMC is: Among them, m2 represents the moisture content of surface combustible materials in the monitoring area within the forest farm.

5. The water source dispatching method for extinguishing forest fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the drought code DC is: Among them, m3 represents the humidity equivalent of the drought code in the monitoring area of ​​the forest farm.

6. A water source dispatching system for forest fire extinguishing, characterized in that: The system comprises: The fire spread speed calculation module is configured to obtain the fire point location and calculate the fire spread speed of each fire point. The calculation method is: Among them, v k represents the speed of fire spread at fire point k, T represents the current temperature of the fire point, F represents the average wind level, h represents the minimum humidity in 100 days, α and β represent the wind speed correction coefficient and the slope of the combustible spatial distribution correction coefficient respectively, represents the overall correction factor; The fire extinguishing time calculation module is configured to calculate the fire extinguishing time t of each fire point. k , the fire extinguishing time t k is the rescue response time, the time to draw water from the water storage point, and the fire spread speed is v k The sum of the time that becomes 0; The actual coverage area calculation module of the fire point spread is configured to calculate the actual coverage area of ​​the fire point spread: Where S is the actual coverage area of ​​the fire; v 1k is the fire spreading speed of the fire head downwind at the fire point k; v 2k is the fire spreading speed of the fire wing at the fire point k; v 3k is the fire spread speed of the upwind fire head at the fire point k, combined with the fire spread speed v k Calculate the wind direction; A water source scheduling constraint module is configured to constrain water source scheduling according to available water volume, water storage volume and water demand of the fire point; The priority calculation module is configured to comprehensively consider real-time environmental factors, predict the coverage of potential fire risk areas under the fire spread trend, and obtain the rescue priority: FR j =W j f(x j ) Among them, FR j W represents the rescue priority weight of fire risk point j; j is the fire risk level weight, taking the distance between the current measurement point and the nearest fire risk point j; f(x j ) is the fire probability of fire risk point j calculated by XGBoost model according to meteorological factors; x j It corresponds to the fine combustible moisture code FFMC, coarse humus moisture code DMC, drought code DC, wind speed, humidity and temperature values ​​of fire risk point j; The fire trend spread coverage area calculation module is configured to calculate the fire trend spread coverage area S2 = FR j S1; The scheduling module is configured to arrange the scheduling of water resources according to the fire trend and the coverage area from large to small.

7. The water source dispatching system for extinguishing forest fires according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water source scheduling constraint module constrains water source scheduling, including: the water source available for extraction from each water storage point cannot be greater than its maximum water storage capacity, the amount of water delivered to all fire points is greater than the water required to extinguish all fire points, and each fire point is supported.

8. A water source dispatching device for extinguishing forest fires, characterized in that: including memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is used to implement the water source scheduling method for extinguishing forest fires as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the water source scheduling method for extinguishing forest fires as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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