Risk assessment system and method for regional rainstorm process

Abstract

The invention provides a risk assessment system and method for a regional rainstorm process, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting observation rainfall data; the regional rainstorm process judgment module is used for judging a regional rainstorm process; the index analysis module is used for calculating and analyzing various indexes based on an evaluation index model of the regional rainstorm process according to the observed rainfall data; and the risk assessment module is used for carrying out risk assessment on the regional rainstorm process according to the risk assessment model of the regional rainstorm process. According to the method, objective regional rainstorm process identification and risk assessment can be completed only by observing rainfall data, the assessment mode is simple and easy to implement, a scientific basis is provided, the constructed risk assessment index can comprehensively reflect the disaster-causing risk intensity of the regional rainstorm process, and the risk assessment accuracy of the regional rainstorm process is improved. The method has important scientific significance and application value for developing flood disaster risk management, relieving disaster risks, formulating disaster prevention and reduction measures and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological disaster risk assessment, and in particular relates to a hazard assessment system and method for a regional rainstorm process. Background Art

[0002] Heavy rains have an impact on security and economic and social development through floods, mountain torrents, urban waterlogging and the landslides, mud-rock flows and other disasters they cause.

[0003] Affected by natural factors such as weather and climate, topography, regional geology, and vegetation coverage, as well as social factors such as socio-economic development and flood control facilities, the causes of rainstorm and flood disasters have become extremely complex, and their occurrence is highly random and uncertain. Risk assessment of rainstorm disasters has been increasingly valued by relevant scholars and government departments, becoming a hot topic of research and being applied in meteorological disaster assessment operations.

[0004] Hazard assessment is the first step in risk assessment and an indispensable key link in disaster prevention, mitigation and relief. It plays an important role in disaster risk assessment, risk zoning, engineering measures construction, and disaster prevention, mitigation and relief. Heavy rain disasters have become a major issue faced and concerned by human social development. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to propose a regional heavy rain process hazard assessment system and method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regional rainstorm process hazard assessment system and method, in order to reduce the impact of rainstorm disasters, and provide technical support for small and medium-sized river floods, mountain torrents and urban flood control and risk management.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a regional rainstorm process risk assessment system, comprising: a data acquisition module, a process determination module, an index analysis module and a risk assessment module;

[0007] The data collection module is used to collect observed rainfall data and select heavy rain data according to heavy rain standards;

[0008] The process determination module is used to determine the regional rainstorm process by objective method;

[0009] The index analysis module is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the rainstorm data;

[0010] The risk assessment module is used to conduct risk assessment on the regional rainstorm process based on the risk evaluation index data.

[0011] Optionally, the data collection module includes: an observed rainfall data collection unit, an observed rainfall site detection unit, and a determination unit;

[0012] The observed rainfall data collection unit is used to obtain the rainfall amount of the observed rainfall data;

[0013] The observed rainfall site detection unit is used to obtain the observed rainfall sites where the rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level;

[0014] The determination unit is used to determine the regional rainstorm process according to preset conditions and continuous conditions; wherein the preset condition is: the number of observed rainfall stations whose rainfall is greater than a preset rainstorm level and which meet the adjacent distance condition is greater than the preset number of stations; the continuous condition is: the center distance between station groups that meet the preset conditions on different consecutive dates is less than a specific threshold.

[0015] Optionally, the determination unit includes: a start date determination subunit and an end date determination subunit;

[0016] The starting day determination subunit is used to determine that the first day that satisfies the determination conditions of the regional rainstorm process is the starting day of the regional rainstorm process;

[0017] The end day determination subunit is used to determine the end day of the regional rainstorm process, the day before the first day when the regional rainstorm process determination conditions are not met in the single-day monitoring area after the regional rainstorm process begins.

[0018] Optionally, the data collection module includes: a time collection unit and a rainstorm amount collection unit;

[0019] The time acquisition unit is used to determine the duration of the regional rainstorm process according to the start date and end date of the regional rainstorm process in the determination unit;

[0020] The rainstorm amount collection unit is used to count the daily rainstorm amount, the maximum hourly rainfall and the maximum daily rainfall of each station in the regional rainstorm process.

[0021] Optionally, the indicator analysis module includes: a first processing unit, a second processing unit, a construction unit and an output unit;

[0022] The first processing unit is used to obtain the maximum daily rainfall and the maximum hourly rainfall of the single station process according to the duration and the rainstorm amount of the observation station, and obtain the rainstorm intensity of the single station and the average rainstorm intensity of the process;

[0023] The second processing unit uses the result of the rainfall site detection unit in right 2 to obtain the average impact range of the regional rainstorm process;

[0024] The construction unit is used to pre-construct a risk assessment model of the regional rainstorm process according to the process duration, average impact range and average rainstorm intensity;

[0025] The output unit is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the risk assessment model.

[0026] Optionally, the number of rainstorm days in the single station process D s for:

[0027] The number of days with daily precipitation at the station exceeding 50 mm during the process;

[0028] The maximum daily rainfall at a single station P ds for:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, P dst is the precipitation at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0031] The maximum hourly rainfall at a single station P hs for:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, P hs is the maximum hourly rainfall at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0034] The average rainstorm intensity P of the single station process as for:

[0035] The cumulative rainfall at the sth station and the tth day and the number of rainstorm days that meet the conditions during a regional rainstorm process D s The ratio of

[0036]

[0037] The duration D of the process is:

[0038] The number of days from the start to the end of a regional rainstorm process;

[0039] D=D e -D s +1

[0040] Among them, D e is the end date, D s is the start date;

[0041] The impact area A of the regional rainstorm process is:

[0042] The average daily impact area of ​​regional rainstorm processes;

[0043]

[0044] Among them, A dt is the impact area of ​​the regional rainstorm process on day t;

[0045] The single-station rainstorm intensity I s for:

[0046] I s =W as P as +W ds P ds +W hs P hs

[0047] Among them, W as , W ds and W hs They are the weight coefficients of the average rainstorm intensity of a single station, the maximum daily rainfall of a single station, and the maximum hourly rainfall of a single station;

[0048] The average rainstorm intensity I of the process is:

[0049] The rainstorm intensity I of all single stations in one process s The average value of

[0050]

[0051] Where N is all the sites involved in a process;

[0052] The single-station rainstorm hazard H s for:

[0053] H s =I s ×D s 0.5

[0054] The danger level H of the rainstorm process in the region is:

[0055] H=I×A 0.5 ×D 0.5 .

[0056] Optionally, the rainstorm assessment module divides the danger levels into preset different danger levels according to the danger assessment indicators of historical regional rainstorm processes; and matches the corresponding danger levels according to the calculated danger assessment indicator data.

[0057] A method for assessing the risk of a regional rainstorm process, the method comprising:

[0058] Determine regional rainstorm processes based on observed rainfall data;

[0059] Collecting rainstorm data during the regional rainstorm process;

[0060] According to the rainstorm data, obtaining the danger index data of the regional rainstorm process;

[0061] Based on the hazard index data, a hazard assessment of the regional rainstorm process is performed.

[0062] Optionally, determining the regional rainstorm process includes:

[0063] Get the rainfall at the observation station;

[0064] Acquire an initial rainfall monitoring site where the rainfall is greater than a preset daily rainfall;

[0065] The regional rainstorm process is determined according to preset conditions and start and end times; wherein the preset condition is that the number of the initial rainfall monitoring stations at the preset adjacent distance is greater than the preset number of stations;

[0066] The method for determining the start and end time includes:

[0067] The first day that satisfies the determination conditions of the regional rainstorm process is determined as the starting day of the regional rainstorm process;

[0068] After the regional rainstorm process begins, the day before the first day when the conditions for determining the regional rainstorm process are not met in the single-day monitoring area is determined as the end day of the regional rainstorm process.

[0069] Optionally, the rainstorm data collected during the regional rainstorm process includes:

[0070] Determining the duration of the regional rainstorm process according to the start date and end date of the regional rainstorm process in the determination unit;

[0071] The daily rainfall at each rainstorm station of the regional rainstorm process is counted.

[0072] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] The present invention proposes a risk assessment system and method for regional rainstorm processes. First, the data acquisition module is used to collect observed rainfall data; then the regional rainstorm process is determined by the regional rainstorm process determination module; then, the index analysis module is used to calculate and analyze various indicators based on the observed rainfall data and the evaluation index model of the regional rainstorm process; finally, the risk assessment module is used to conduct risk assessment on the regional rainstorm process based on the risk assessment model of the regional rainstorm process. The present invention can complete the objective identification and risk assessment of regional rainstorm processes only by observing rainfall data. The assessment method is simple and easy to implement, and has a scientific basis. The constructed risk assessment index can comprehensively reflect the disaster-causing risk intensity of the regional rainstorm process, and has important scientific significance and application value for carrying out flood disaster risk management, reducing disaster risks, and formulating disaster prevention and mitigation measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0075] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a risk assessment system for a regional rainstorm process according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0077] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0078] like Figure 1 The embodiment shown in the figure proposes a risk assessment system for a regional rainstorm process, including: a data acquisition module, a process determination module, an index analysis module and a risk assessment module;

[0079] The data collection module is used to collect observed rainfall data and select heavy rain data according to heavy rain standards;

[0080] The process determination module is used to determine the regional rainstorm process by objective method;

[0081] The index analysis module is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the rainstorm data;

[0082] The risk assessment module is used to conduct risk assessment on the regional rainstorm process based on the risk evaluation index data.

[0083] Further, the data collection module includes: an observed rainfall data collection unit, an observed rainfall site detection unit and a determination unit;

[0084] The observed rainfall data collection unit is used to obtain the rainfall amount of the observed rainfall data;

[0085] The observed rainfall site detection unit is used to obtain the observed rainfall sites where the rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level;

[0086] The determination unit is used to determine the regional rainstorm process according to preset conditions and continuous conditions; wherein the preset condition is: the number of observed rainfall stations whose rainfall is greater than a preset rainstorm level and which meet the adjacent distance condition is greater than the preset number of stations; the continuous condition is: the center distance between station groups that meet the preset conditions on different consecutive dates is less than a specific threshold.

[0087] Specifically, in this embodiment,

[0088] Determination of regional rainstorm process at provincial level:

[0089] A regional rainstorm day is defined as the number of adjacent stations (distance ≤ 350 km) with daily precipitation ≥ 50 mm being greater than or equal to n stations (the value of n is determined by each province based on the actual situation in the region and reported to the national climate impact assessment business unit for filing). If there is one or more consecutive regional rainstorm days, it is a regional rainstorm process.

[0090] Determination of regional rainstorm processes across the country:

[0091] If the number of adjacent stations (distance ≤350 km) with daily precipitation ≥50 mm is at least 20 stations (0.8%), then the adjacent stations on that day form a regional rainstorm station group across the country;

[0092] If the center distance between the regional rainstorm station group on the day and the regional rainstorm station group on the previous day does not exceed 1,050 kilometers, the regional rainstorm process continues and is the same rainstorm process, otherwise it will be counted as a regional rainstorm process across the country.

[0093] The distance (D) between monitoring site A (LonA, LatA) and monitoring site B (LonB, LatB) is calculated as follows:

[0094] D=R*arccos(sin(LatA)*sin(LatB)+cos(LatA)*cos(LatB)*cos(LonA-LonB))*π / 180

[0095] Among them, R is the average radius of the earth, which is 6371.04 km; π=3.14; LonA, LatA and LonB, LatB are the longitude and latitude of station A and station B respectively.

[0096] Further, the determination unit includes: a start date determination subunit and an end date determination subunit;

[0097] The starting day determination subunit is used to determine that the first day that satisfies the determination conditions of the regional rainstorm process is the starting day of the regional rainstorm process;

[0098] The end day determination subunit is used to determine the end day of the regional rainstorm process, the day before the first day when the regional rainstorm process determination conditions are not met in the single-day monitoring area after the regional rainstorm process begins.

[0099] Further, the data collection module includes: a time collection unit and a rainstorm amount collection unit;

[0100] A time collection unit is used to determine the duration of the regional rainstorm process according to the start date and end date of the regional rainstorm process in the determination unit;

[0101] The rainstorm amount collection unit is used to count the daily rainstorm amount, the maximum hourly rainfall and the maximum daily rainfall of each station in the regional rainstorm process.

[0102] Further, the indicator analysis module includes: a first processing unit, a second processing unit, a construction unit and an output unit;

[0103] The first processing unit is used to obtain the maximum daily rainfall and the maximum hourly rainfall of the single station process according to the duration and the rainstorm amount of the observation station, and obtain the rainstorm intensity of the single station and the average rainstorm intensity of the process;

[0104] The second processing unit uses the result of the rainfall site detection unit in right 2 to obtain the average impact range of the regional rainstorm process;

[0105] The construction unit is used to pre-construct a risk assessment model of the regional rainstorm process according to the process duration, average impact range and average rainstorm intensity;

[0106] The output unit is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the risk assessment model.

[0107] Specifically, this embodiment uses the average intensity, average impact range and duration of the regional rainstorm process as evaluation indicators of the regional rainstorm process.

[0108] (1) Duration of regional rainstorm process (D):

[0109] The number of days between the start date and the end date of a regional rainstorm process is the duration (D) of the regional rainstorm process.

[0110] (2) Average rainfall of regional rainstorm process (I):

[0111] The average rainfall of a regional rainstorm process refers to the average precipitation at each rainstorm station every day during the process.

[0112] (3) Average impact range of regional rainstorm processes (A):

[0113] The average impact range of a regional rainstorm process is represented by the average daily number of rainstorm stations during the rainstorm process.

[0114] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of rainstorm days in the single station process D s for:

[0115] The number of days with daily precipitation at the station exceeding 50 mm during the process;

[0116] The maximum daily rainfall at a single station P ds for:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, P dst is the precipitation at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0119] The maximum hourly rainfall at a single station P hs for:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, P hs is the maximum hourly rainfall at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0122] The average rainstorm intensity P of the single station process as for:

[0123] The cumulative rainfall at the sth station and the tth day and the number of rainstorm days that meet the conditions during a regional rainstorm process D s The ratio of

[0124]

[0125] The duration D of the process is:

[0126] The number of days from the start to the end of a regional rainstorm process;

[0127] D=D e -D s +1

[0128] Among them, D e is the end date, D s is the start date;

[0129] The impact area A of the regional rainstorm process is:

[0130] The average daily impact area of ​​regional rainstorm processes;

[0131]

[0132] Among them, A dt is the impact area of ​​the regional rainstorm process on day t;

[0133] The single-station rainstorm intensity I s for:

[0134] I s =W as P as +W ds P ds +W hs P hs

[0135] Among them, W as , W ds and W hs They are the weight coefficients of the average rainstorm intensity of a single station, the maximum daily rainfall of a single station, and the maximum hourly rainfall of a single station;

[0136] The average rainstorm intensity I of the process is:

[0137] The rainstorm intensity I of all single stations in one process s The average value of

[0138]

[0139] Where N is all the sites involved in a process;

[0140] The single-station rainstorm hazard H s for:

[0141] H s =I s ×D s 0.5

[0142] The danger level H of the rainstorm process in the region is:

[0143] H=I×A 0.5 ×D 0.5 .

[0144] Furthermore, the rainstorm assessment module divides the danger levels into preset different danger levels according to the danger assessment indicators of historical regional rainstorm processes; and matches the corresponding danger levels according to the calculated danger assessment indicator data.

[0145] Specifically, this embodiment adopts the percentile method, based on the hazard index of each regional rainstorm process in the last three full years (e.g., 1991-2020), to divide the hazard intensity of regional rainstorm processes into four levels: general, strong, strong and extremely strong (see Table 1 below for details):

[0146] Table 1 Classification standards for regional rainstorm process hazards

[0147] Heavy rain process danger level Percentile of the index corresponding to the hazard level Extra strong ≥95％ powerful [85％,95％) Strong [50％,85％) generally ＜50％

[0148] This embodiment also proposes a method for assessing the risk of a regional rainstorm process, the method comprising:

[0149] Collect observation rainfall data and select heavy rain data according to heavy rain standards;

[0150] Objective method to determine regional rainstorm process;

[0151] According to the rainstorm data, obtaining the danger index data of the regional rainstorm process;

[0152] Based on the risk assessment index data, a risk assessment of the regional rainstorm process is performed.

[0153] Furthermore, the determination of regional rainstorm processes includes:

[0154] Obtaining the observed rainfall sites where the rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level;

[0155] The regional rainstorm process is determined according to preset conditions and continuous conditions; wherein the preset condition is: the number of observed rainfall stations whose rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level and which meet the adjacent distance condition is greater than the preset number of stations; the continuous condition is: the center distance between station groups that meet the preset conditions on different consecutive dates is less than a specific threshold.

[0156] Further, determining the regional rainstorm process according to the preset conditions and the continuity conditions includes:

[0157] The first day when the regional rainstorm process determination conditions are met is the starting day of the regional rainstorm process;

[0158] When the regional rainstorm process begins, the day before the first day when the conditions for determining the regional rainstorm process are not met in the single-day monitoring area shall be the end day of the regional rainstorm process.

[0159] Further, according to the duration and the rainstorm amount of the observation station, the maximum daily rainfall of the single station process and the maximum hourly rainfall of the process are obtained, and the rainstorm intensity of the single station and the average rainstorm intensity of the process are obtained;

[0160] According to the results of the rainfall observation station detection unit, the average impact range of the regional rainstorm process is obtained;

[0161] Pre-constructing a risk assessment model for the regional rainstorm process according to the process duration, average impact range and average rainstorm intensity;

[0162] According to the risk assessment model, risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process is obtained.

[0163] Furthermore, the number of rainstorm days in the single station process D s for:

[0164] The number of days with daily precipitation at the station exceeding 50 mm during the process;

[0165] The maximum daily rainfall at a single station P ds for:

[0166]

[0167] Among them, P dst is the precipitation at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0168] The maximum hourly rainfall at a single station P hs for:

[0169]

[0170] Among them, P hs is the maximum hourly rainfall at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process;

[0171] The average rainstorm intensity P of the single station process as for:

[0172] The cumulative rainfall at the sth station and the tth day and the number of rainstorm days that meet the conditions during a regional rainstorm process D s The ratio of

[0173]

[0174] The duration D of the process is:

[0175] The number of days from the start to the end of a regional rainstorm process;

[0176] D=D e -D s +1

[0177] Among them, D e is the end date, D s is the start date;

[0178] The impact area A of the regional rainstorm process is:

[0179] The average daily impact area of ​​regional rainstorm processes;

[0180]

[0181] Among them, A dt is the impact area of ​​the regional rainstorm process on day t;

[0182] The single-station rainstorm intensity I s for:

[0183] I s =W as P as +W ds P ds +W hs P hs

[0184] Among them, W as , W ds and W hs They are the weight coefficients of the average rainstorm intensity of a single station, the maximum daily rainfall of a single station, and the maximum hourly rainfall of a single station;

[0185] The average rainstorm intensity I of the process is:

[0186] The rainstorm intensity I of all single stations in one process s The average value of

[0187]

[0188] Where N is all the sites involved in a process;

[0189] The single-station rainstorm hazard H s for:

[0190] H s =I s ×D s 0.5

[0191] The danger level H of the rainstorm process in the region is:

[0192] H=I×A 0.5 ×D 0.5 .

[0193] Furthermore, according to the risk assessment index of historical regional rainstorm processes, the risk levels are divided into different preset risk levels; and the corresponding risk levels are matched according to the calculated risk assessment index data.

[0194] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A regional rainstorm process risk assessment system, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, process determination module, indicator analysis module and risk assessment module; The data collection module is used to collect observed rainfall data and select heavy rain data according to heavy rain standards; The process determination module is used to determine the regional rainstorm process by objective method; The index analysis module is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the rainstorm data; The risk assessment module is used to conduct risk assessment on the regional rainstorm process based on the risk evaluation index data.

2. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data collection module includes: an observation rainfall data collection unit, an observation rainfall site detection unit and a determination unit; The observed rainfall data collection unit is used to obtain the rainfall amount of the observed rainfall data; The observed rainfall site detection unit is used to obtain the observed rainfall sites where the rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level; The determination unit is used to determine the regional rainstorm process according to preset conditions and continuous conditions; wherein the preset condition is: the number of observed rainfall stations whose rainfall is greater than a preset rainstorm level and which meet the adjacent distance condition is greater than the preset number of stations; the continuous condition is: the center distance between station groups that meet the preset conditions on different consecutive dates is less than a specific threshold.

3. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The determination unit includes: a start date determination subunit and an end date determination subunit; The starting day determination subunit is used to determine that the first day that satisfies the determination conditions of the regional rainstorm process is the starting day of the regional rainstorm process; The end day determination subunit is used to determine that, after the regional rainstorm process begins, the day before the first day when the regional rainstorm process determination conditions are not met in the single-day monitoring area is the end day of the regional rainstorm process.

4. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The data collection module also includes: a time collection unit and a rainstorm amount collection unit; The time acquisition unit is used to determine the duration of the regional rainstorm process according to the start date and end date of the regional rainstorm process in the determination unit; The rainstorm amount collection unit is used to count the daily rainstorm amount, the maximum hourly rainfall and the maximum daily rainfall of each station in the regional rainstorm process.

5. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The index analysis module includes: a first processing unit, a second processing unit, a construction unit and an output unit; The first processing unit is used to obtain the maximum daily rainfall and the maximum hourly rainfall of the single station process according to the duration and the rainstorm amount of the observation station, and obtain the rainstorm intensity of the single station and the average rainstorm intensity of the process; The second processing unit obtains the average impact range of the regional rainstorm process according to the result of the rainfall observation station detection unit; The construction unit is used to pre-construct a risk assessment model of the regional rainstorm process according to the process duration, average impact range and average rainstorm intensity; The output unit is used to obtain the risk assessment index data of the regional rainstorm process according to the risk assessment model.

6. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The number of rainstorm days in the single station process D s for: The number of days with daily precipitation at the station exceeding 50 mm during the process; The maximum daily rainfall at a single station P ds for: Among them, P dst is the precipitation at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process; The maximum hourly rainfall at a single station P hs for: Among them, P hs is the maximum hourly rainfall at the sth station on the tth day that meets the conditions during the regional rainstorm process; The average rainstorm intensity P of the single station process as for: The cumulative rainfall at the sth station and the tth day and the number of rainstorm days that meet the conditions during a regional rainstorm process D s The ratio of The duration D of the process is: The number of days from the start to the end of a regional rainstorm process; D=D e -D s +1 Among them, D e is the end date, D s is the start date; The impact area A of the regional rainstorm process is: The average daily impact area of ​​regional rainstorm processes; Among them, A dt is the impact area of ​​the regional rainstorm process on day t; The single-station rainstorm intensity I s for: I s =W as P as +W ds P ds +W hs P hs Among them, W as , W ds and W hs They are the weight coefficients of the average rainstorm intensity of a single station, the maximum daily rainfall of a single station, and the maximum hourly rainfall of a single station; The average rainstorm intensity I of the process is: The rainstorm intensity I of all single stations in one process s The average value of Where N is all the sites involved in a process; The single-station rainstorm hazard H s for: H s =I s ×D s 0.5 The danger level H of the rainstorm process in the region is: H=I×A 0.5 ×D 0.5 。 7. The risk assessment system for regional rainstorm process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rainstorm assessment module divides the danger level into preset different danger levels according to the danger assessment index of historical regional rainstorm processes; and matches the corresponding danger level according to the calculated danger assessment index data.

8. A method for assessing the risk of a regional rainstorm process, characterized in that: A method for implementing a risk assessment system for a regional rainstorm process as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Collect observation rainfall data and select heavy rain data according to heavy rain standards; Objective method to determine regional rainstorm process; According to the rainstorm data, obtaining the danger index data of the regional rainstorm process; Based on the risk assessment index data, a risk assessment of the regional rainstorm process is performed.

9. The method for risk assessment of a regional rainstorm process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The determination of regional rainstorm processes includes: Obtaining the observed rainfall sites where the rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level; The regional rainstorm process is determined according to preset conditions and continuous conditions; wherein the preset condition is: the number of observed rainfall stations whose rainfall is greater than the preset rainstorm level and which meet the adjacent distance condition is greater than the preset number of stations; the continuous condition is: the center distance between station groups that meet the preset conditions on different consecutive dates is less than a specific threshold.

10. The method for risk assessment of a regional rainstorm process according to claim 9, characterized in that: Determining the regional rainstorm process according to the preset conditions and the continuous conditions includes: The first day when the regional rainstorm process determination conditions are met is the starting day of the regional rainstorm process; When the regional rainstorm process begins, the day before the first day when the conditions for determining the regional rainstorm process are not met in the single-day monitoring area shall be the end day of the regional rainstorm process.

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