Radiating unit and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiation unit and a base station antenna. The radiation unit comprises a radiator, a feed assembly and a balun structure, the radiator comprises at least one polarization, and one polarization comprises at least two radiation arms; the feed assembly comprises a feed core, and the feed core is used for being connected with a feed network so as to feed the radiator; the balun structure is located at the bottom of the radiator, a first balun and a second balun are correspondingly arranged below two radiation arms of one polarization respectively, the first balun comprises at least one first balun cavity, and the feed core and the first balun cavity jointly form a strip line structure. According to the radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the invention, the space dimension can be fully utilized, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, and in particular to a radiation unit and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] The mobile communication system is in a period of long-term coexistence with existing system standards and the rapid construction and development of 5G communication base stations. The coexistence of existing 2G, 3G, 4G and other system standards has resulted in a huge number of base stations, which has led to extremely tight antenna resources for wireless communications and extremely limited space resources for base station antennas. Since many radiating units of different frequencies need to be in the same array, different feed networks also need to be integrated into the same base station antenna, which accelerates the shortage of internal antenna space resources and easily leads to more mutual interference between frequency bands, complex structures, and poor reliability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a radiation unit and a base station antenna, which are used to solve the defects of the base station antenna in the prior art, such as tight space and poor anti-interference performance.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a radiation unit, comprising:

[0005] A radiator comprising at least one polarization, one of said polarizations comprising at least two radiating arms;

[0006] At least one feeding assembly, comprising a feeding core, wherein the feeding core is used to connect a feeding network to feed power to the radiator;

[0007] The balun structure is located at the bottom of the radiator, and a first balun and a second balun are respectively arranged below the two polarized radiation arms. The first balun includes at least one first balun cavity, and the feed core and the first balun cavity together form a stripline structure.

[0008] Optionally, a cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity is non-circular.

[0009] Optionally, a cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity is rectangular or square.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of the first balun cavities of one of the first baluns are arranged parallel to each other.

[0011] Optionally, the first balun cavities of the first balun corresponding to different polarizations are arranged parallel to each other, perpendicular to each other, or at an angle to each other.

[0012] Optionally, the second balun has a gap, and a gap wall forming the gap is connected to the radiation arm; or, the second balun has at least one second balun cavity, and a cavity wall forming the second balun cavity is connected to the radiation arm.

[0013] Optionally, the feeding assembly further comprises a combiner feeding element of the feeding core, wherein the combiner feeding element comprises a combining feeding section and two branching feeding sections;

[0014] The first balun also includes a main cavity, which is used to accommodate the combining feeding section, and the two branching feeding sections are respectively located in two of the first balun cavities.

[0015] Optionally, in the first balun corresponding to one of the polarizations, the main cavity is located between two of the first balun cavities, or there is a gap between the main cavity and ends of the two first balun cavities.

[0016] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the main cavity is circular, rectangular or square.

[0017] Optionally, the ends of the length direction of the cross sections of the plurality of first balun cavities of one first balun are respectively aligned or staggered.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a satellite base station line, comprising any of the above-mentioned radiation units.

[0019] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] In the radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the balun structure is located below the radiator, which has impedance matching and supporting effects on the radiator. The feeding assembly feeds the radiation arm, and the radiation arm realizes the electromagnetic wave radiation function corresponding to the working frequency. The first balun cavity is easy to integrate a stripline transmission line type feeding network, which can reduce the loss of the feeding network, thereby improving the gain and radiation efficiency of the radiation unit and the antenna. In addition, the first balun cavity has a shielding characteristic, which can improve the antenna's ability to resist interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle radiation unit after removing the feeding component;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The top view of the middle radiation unit;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The bottom of the middle radiation unit is attempted;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the middle balun structure;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the top structure of a balun structure in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the eighth embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the ninth embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the tenth embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the balun structure in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a feeding structure of a radiation unit and a second feeding network in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of another feeding method structure of a radiation unit and a second feeding network in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 Enlarged image at the center X;

[0044] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of another feeding method structure of a network feeding part of another structure and a second feeding network in some embodiments of the present invention, in which the radiation unit adopts another structure;

[0045] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 Enlarged view of point Y in the middle.

[0046] Among them, 10, radiator; 11, radiating arm; 20, feeding assembly; 21, feeding core; 211, first feeding section; 212, second feeding section; 30, balun structure; 31, sub-balun; 311, radiating arm feeding part; 32, balun slot; 33, first balun cavity; 331, cavity wall of the first balun cavity; 34, second balun cavity; 341, cavity wall of the second balun cavity; 342, network feeding part; 35, first balun; 36, second balun; 361, side wall of the second balun; 362, notch; 3621, notch wall; 37, main cavity; 100, second feeding network; 110, feeding strip line; 120, feeding cavity; 200, coaxial cable; 210, core wire of coaxial cable; 220, outer conductor of coaxial cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0048] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 23As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radiation unit, including a radiator 10 and at least one feeding assembly 20, the radiator 10 includes at least one polarization, and one polarization includes at least two radiation arms 11; the feeding assembly 20 includes a feeding core 21, and the feeding core 21 is used to connect a feeding network to feed the radiator 10; the radiation unit also includes a balun structure 10, and the balun structure 30 is located at the bottom of the radiator 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, a first balun 35 and a second balun 36 are respectively disposed below two radiation arms 11 of one polarization. The first balun 35 includes at least one first balun cavity 33 , and the feed core 21 and the first balun cavity 33 together form a stripline structure.

[0050] The feeding core 21 is at least partially located in the first balun cavity 33 to form a stripline structure.

[0051] The balun structure 30 is located below the radiating arm 11 and has impedance matching and supporting functions. The feeding component 20 is used to feed the radiating arm 11, and the radiating arm 11 realizes the electromagnetic wave radiation function corresponding to the working frequency. The first balun cavity 33 has a shielding characteristic, which improves the anti-interference ability of the antenna. Moreover, it is easy to integrate a stripline transmission line type feeding network in the first balun cavity 33, which can reduce the loss of the feeding network, thereby improving the gain and radiation efficiency of the radiating unit and the antenna.

[0052] In order to make the first balun cavity 33 and the feeding core form a stripline structure, in some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity 33 is non-circular.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 are arranged parallel to each other.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations are arranged parallel to each other, perpendicular to each other, or at an angle to each other.

[0055] If the cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity 33 is a rectangle, "mutually parallel" may mean that the length directions of the cross-sectional directions of the first balun cavity 33 are mutually parallel to the same straight line. If the cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity 33 is a square, "mutually parallel" may mean that the cavity walls of the first balun cavity 33 corresponding to the same direction are mutually parallel to the same straight line.

[0056] "Plurality" means two, three or more.

[0057] Figures 1 to 7 ,and Figures 11 to 18 In the implementation shown, the first balun 35 includes a plurality of first balun cavities 33, and the plurality of first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 are arranged in parallel with each other. Figures 1 to 6 ,and Figures 11 to 18 In the embodiment, the first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations are parallel to each other. Figure 7 In the embodiment, the first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations are arranged at an angle with each other.

[0058] Figures 8 to 10 In the illustrated implementation, the first balun 35 includes a first balun cavity 33 , and the first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations are parallel to each other.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention not shown in the figures, the first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations may also be arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0060] For the sake of convenience, the following description is made by taking the cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity 33 as a rectangle as an example. Figure 8 As shown in an exemplary embodiment, the second balun 36 has a notch 362, and a notch wall 3621 forming the notch 362 is connected to the radiation arm 11. The notch 362 is provided on both second baluns 36. The shape of the notch wall 3621 forming the notch 362 can be as follows: Figure 8 A 1 / 4 arc of a circle is shown, but is not limited to this.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1 to 7 ,and Figures 9 to 18 As shown, the second balun 36 has at least one second balun cavity 34 , and a cavity wall 341 forming the second balun cavity is connected to the radiation arm 11 .

[0062] That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second balun 36 may be provided with the second balun cavity 34, or may not be provided with the second balun cavity 36 ( Figure 8 Embodiment shown).

[0063] Generally, the feed core 21 includes a first feed segment 211 and a second feed segment 212, and the second feed segment 212 is connected to the first feed segment 211 to feed the radiating arm 11. If the second balun 36 is provided with a second balun cavity 34, the first feed segment 211 is at least partially located in the first balun cavity 33, the second feed segment 212 spans between one radiating arm 11 and another radiating arm 11 corresponding to the same polarization, and is partially located in the second balun cavity 34. In this case, the second feed segment 212 can couple and feed the radiating arm 11 (further described below). If the second balun 36 is not provided with a second balun cavity 34, the first feed segment 211 is at least partially located in the first balun cavity 33, the second feed segment 212 spans between one radiating arm 11 and another radiating arm 11 corresponding to the same polarization, and is partially connected to the notch wall ( Figure 8In this case, the second feeding section can directly feed power to the radiating arm 11 (further described below).

[0064] The first feeding section 211 is integrated in the first balun cavity 33, and there is no need to occupy the space outside the balun structure 30 to install the second feeding section 212. The space integration is high, the antenna space dimension is fully utilized, the antenna space utilization rate is improved, and it is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna. In addition, the first balun cavity 33 has a shielding property, and the first feeding section 211 located in the first balun cavity 33 is not easily interfered, which improves the anti-interference ability of the antenna.

[0065] For easy identification, the letters A, B, C and D are used to distinguish the balun cavity and the radiation arm 11 at different positions, and the positions of the balun cavity and the radiation arm 11 distinguished by the corresponding letters correspond to each other. Figure 2 For example, the balun cavity corresponding to the first polarization includes: a second balun cavity 34(A) under the radiation arm 11(A), and two first balun cavities 33(B) under the radiation arm 11(B); the balun cavity corresponding to the second polarization includes: a second balun cavity 34(C) under the radiation arm 11(C), and two first balun cavities 33(D) under the radiation arm 11(D).

[0066] In other embodiments of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the second balun may not include the second balun cavity 34 . Of the two radiation arms 11 corresponding to one polarization, at least one first balun cavity 33 is disposed under one radiation arm 11 , and no second balun cavity is disposed under the other radiation arm 11 .

[0067] In the implementation shown in the diagram of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the second balun cavity 34 is circular, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0068] The second balun cavity 34 with a circular cross section and the first feeding section 211 form an air coaxial line transmission line, which is conducive to reducing losses. The first balun cavity 33 with a rectangular cross section and the feeding plate of the second feeding section 212 form an air stripline transmission line. Since the loss value of air is small and the feeding path is shortened, the effect of reducing the loss of the feeding network is achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the radiation unit gain and antenna efficiency.

[0069] Exemplarily, the first balun cavity 33 has openings at both ends, the first feeding segment 211 is fed with the external feeding network 100 through the bottom opening of the first balun cavity 33 , and the second feeding segment 212 is connected to at least one output end of the first feeding segment 211 through the top opening of the first balun cavity 33 .

[0070] The two openings of the first balun cavity 33 are respectively a top opening located at the top of the first balun and a bottom opening located at the bottom of the first balun. That is, the first balun cavity 33 runs through the first balun 35 .

[0071] The output end of the first feeding section 211 can be arranged at any position in the first balun cavity 33. Specifically, it can be placed according to the requirements of feeding and the layout requirements of the whole machine, thereby improving the adaptability and freedom of the radiation unit.

[0072] The first feeding section 211 can process the signal from the external feeding network 100 and feed it to the radiating arm 11 through the second feeding section 212 to achieve signal transmission.

[0073] At least two radiation arms 11 are distributed in an axisymmetric manner.

[0074] Figures 1 to 4 The radiation arm 11 is exemplarily shown as a square, and has a hollow area to form a roughly ring-shaped structure. In other embodiments, the radiation arm 11 can also be in other shapes, such as: circular ring, rectangle, column, cylinder, etc.

[0075] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the top surfaces of the multiple radiation arms 11 are basically flush, and the multiple radiation arms 11 are distributed around the balun cavity (including but not limited to the first balun cavity 33 and the second balun cavity 34), and each balun cavity is recessed into the hollow area of ​​the corresponding radiation arm 11. In this distribution method, the balun cavity and the hollow area of ​​the radiation arm 11 share part of the space, which further improves the space utilization.

[0076] Figures 1 to 4 In the implementation shown, the radiator 10 is mainly composed of four axially symmetrical radiation arms 11, forming two polarizations, namely the first polarization and the second polarization. One polarization includes two radiation arms 11, and the structure of each polarization is the same. The first polarization and the second polarization are two polarizations orthogonal to each other. In other implementations, the number of radiation arms 11 included in one polarization may also be three, four or more. The number of polarizations included in the radiation unit may also be one, three or more.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first feeding section 211 and the second feeding section 212 include but are not limited to feeding plates.

[0078] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding assembly 20 includes at least a functional module of the feeding core 21, and the functional module includes at least one of the following: a combiner, a phase shifter, and a power divider.

[0079] Integrating one, two or more of a combiner, a phase shifter and a power divider on the network feeder further improves spatial integration. For example, the functional module can be integrated on the first feeder section 211 using the principle of open branches.

[0080] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the balun structure 30 is further integrated with a radiation arm feeding portion 311 ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown) and the network feeder 342 ( Figures 19 to 21 The top part of the balun structure 30 connected to the radiating arm 11 is formed as a radiating arm feeding part 311; the bottom part of the balun structure 30 is formed as a network feeding part 342; the second feeding section 212 feeds the radiating arm 11 through the radiating arm feeding part 311, and the network feeding part 342 is used to realize a common ground function with the ground structure of the feeding network 100.

[0081] The radiation arm feeding part 311 and the network feeding part 342 are both formed by parts of the balun structure 30 , which improves the integrity and integration of the balun structure 30 and reduces the structural complexity and assembly complexity of the radiation unit.

[0082] The second feeding section 212 can feed the radiating arm 11 by coupling feeding or direct feeding. Figure 2 As shown, the radiating arm feeding portion 311 is recessed downward, and the second feeding section 212 couples and feeds the radiating arm 11. Figure 1 The second feeding section 212 (generally a feeding plate) is located above the balun structure 30, one end of the second feeding section 212 is inserted into the first balun cavity 33 and connected to the first feeding section 211, and the other end is located above the recessed position of the radiation arm feeding portion 311 to achieve coupled feeding of the radiation arm 11.

[0083] Alternatively, the radiating arm feeder 311 is connected to the second feeder section 212, and the second feeder section 212 directly feeds the radiating arm 11. For example, the other end of the radiating arm 11 can be directly connected to the radiating arm feeder 311 by welding to achieve direct feeding of the radiating arm 11.

[0084] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the balun structure 30 and the radiator 10 are integrally formed. This structure reduces the structural complexity and assembly complexity of the radiating unit, and further improves the spatial integration of the antenna.

[0085] The balun structure 30 and the radiator 10 may both be made of metal materials, and may be integrally formed using an integrated molding process such as die-casting.

[0086] Further, in some other embodiments of the present invention, the balun structure 30 and the radiator 10 are split structures, wherein the balun structure 30 is an integrally formed part, the radiator 10 is an integrally formed part, and the balun structure 30 and the radiator 10 are connected. Exemplarily, the balun structure 30 can be integrally formed by pultrusion of a profile.

[0087] Figures 5 to 18 The top view of the balun structure 30 after the radiator 10 is removed is exemplarily shown. Without limitation, the radiating units corresponding to these embodiments may also include two polarizations, and each polarization corresponds to two radiating arms 11 .

[0088] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1 to 7 ,and Figures 9 to 18 As shown, a second balun 36 is provided with a second balun cavity 34 , and a first balun 35 is provided with a first balun cavity 33 , the number of which is one, two, three or four.

[0089] For example, Figures 1 to 7 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 ,and Figures 14 to 17 In the implementation shown, one of the radiation arms 11 of one polarization corresponds to one second balun cavity 34 , and the other radiation arm 11 corresponds to two first balun cavities 33 . Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In the implementation shown, one of the radiation arms 11 of one polarization corresponds to a second balun cavity 34 , and the other radiation arm 11 corresponds to a first balun cavity 33 . Fig.13 In the implementation shown, one of the radiation arms 11 of one polarization corresponds to one second balun cavity 34 , and the other radiation arm 11 corresponds to three first balun cavities 33 . Fig.18 In the implementation shown, one radiation arm 11 of one polarization corresponds to one second balun cavity 34 , and another radiation arm 11 corresponds to four first balun cavities 33 .

[0090] The number and topological form of the second balun cavity 34 and the first balun cavity 33 can be different according to the different functions of the feeding component 20, the output end of the feeding component 20 or the form of the first feeding section 211, thereby improving the adaptability and freedom of the radiation unit of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional length direction of at least one first balun cavity 33 of a first balun 35 is parallel to, perpendicular to, or at an angle to the sidewall of the second balun 36 .

[0092] like Figures 1 to 5 ,and Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Figures 11 to 18 As shown, the long sides of the cross section of at least one first balun cavity 33 are perpendicular to the plane where the side wall of the second balun is located (the side wall here refers to the side wall 361 that forms the balun slot, which is located at Figure 2 The left side of the second balun is shown, and the side wall of the second balun has the same meaning below).

[0093] like Figure 6 and Fig.10 As shown, the long side of the cross section of at least one first balun cavity 33 is parallel to the plane where the side wall 361 of the second balun 36 is located.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, the long sides of the cross-sections of the two first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 are both arranged at a pre-angle with the plane where the side wall 361 of the second balun 36 is located.

[0095] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding assembly 20 also includes a combining feed component integrated in the feeding core, the combining feed component includes a combining feed segment and two branch feed segments; the first balun 35 also includes a main cavity 37, the main cavity 37 is used to accommodate the combining feed segment, and the two branch feed segments are respectively located in the two first balun cavities 33.

[0096] The combiner feed sheet is used to match the combiner. Placing the combiner feed section in the main cavity 37 and placing the two branch feed sections in two different first balun cavities 33 can reduce the height of the combiner feed sheet and make full use of the spatial dimension.

[0097] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, in the first balun 35 corresponding to one polarization, the main cavity 37 is located between the two first balun cavities 33. Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the main cavity 37 is circular. The main cavity 37 is located between the two first balun cavities 33, including: the main cavity 37 can be located in the middle between the two first balun cavities 33, or as shown in FIG. Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, the main cavity 37 can also be closer to any end position at both ends of the length direction of the first balun cavity 33 than the middle position.

[0098] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the main cavity 37 is no longer located between the two first balun cavities 33 of the same first balun 35 , and in the first balun 35 corresponding to one polarization, there is a gap between the main cavity 37 and the ends of the two first balun cavities 33 .

[0099] For example, Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the cross-sectional shapes of the main cavity 37 and the first balun cavity 33 are both rectangular. The cross-sectional length direction of the main cavity 37 of the first balun 35 is perpendicular to the cross-sectional length direction of the first balun cavity 33 .

[0100] In addition, the shape of the main cavity 37 may also be square, oval or other shapes.

[0101] Without limitation, in the embodiment illustrated in the present application, at least one first balun cavity 33 and the main cavity 37 of the first balun 35 corresponding to different polarizations have the same layout. That is, the topological forms of the balun cavities in the two first baluns 35 corresponding to the two polarizations are the same.

[0102] exist Figures 1 to 5 ,and Figures 11 to 18 In the implementation shown, the ends of the cross-section length direction of the plurality of first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 are aligned and distributed respectively. Figure 7 In the illustrated implementation, the ends of the multiple first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 are staggered in the length direction of the cross section.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present invention, different layouts of the first balun cavity 33, the main cavity 27 and the second balun cavity 34 can be placed according to the requirements of feeding and the layout requirements of the whole machine, thereby improving the adaptability and freedom of the radiation unit.

[0104] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the balun structure 30 has a balun slot 32 extending from top to bottom, and the bottom of the balun slot 32 is located above the bottom of the balun structure 30, that is, the balun slot 32 does not penetrate the balun structure 30. The balun slot 32 divides the balun structure 30 into a plurality of sub-baluns 31, each sub-balun 31 is connected to a radiation arm 11 at the top, and two adjacent radiation arms 11 are separated by the balun slot 32; the first balun cavity 33 penetrates the balun structure 30 from the top of the sub-balun 31 downward.

[0105] For the sake of distinction, the sub-baluns 31 under the two radiation arms 11 of one polarization are respectively referred to as a first balun 35 and a second balun 36 .

[0106] If the second balun 36 is provided with a second balun cavity 34, the cavity wall 341 of the second balun cavity 34 is reused as the radiating arm feeding portion 311 (eg Figure 3 If the second balun 36 is not provided with the second balun cavity 34, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the second balun 36 has a notch, and a notch wall 3621 forming the notch 362 is connected to the radiation arm 11 and multiplexed as the radiation arm feeding portion 311 .

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.19 As shown, the network feeder 342 is formed at the bottom of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity 33. In this implementation, the bottom of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity is reused as the network feeder 342, and the first feeding section 211 is coupled with the feeding network 100 for feeding. Fig.19 As can be seen in the figure, the first feeding section 211 and the feeding strip line 110 of the feeding network are electrically connected by coupling, and the feeding cavity 120 of the feeding network and the feeding strip line 110 form a strip line structure. The balun structure 30 includes four network feeding parts 342, which are located at the bottom of the balun structure 30 and are composed of the ends of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity, and are used for the outer conductor of the balun structure 30 and the ground structure of the feeding network to realize the common ground function.

[0108] In other embodiments of the present invention, Figure 20 to Figure 23 As shown, the network feeding portion 342 is a protrusion formed at the end of the cavity wall of the first balun cavity 33, the network feeding portion 342 is connected to the outer conductor 220 of the coaxial cable 200, and the first feeding section 211 is connected to the core wire 210 of the coaxial cable 200 of the feeding network for direct feeding.

[0109] The convex network feeder 342 may be connected to the outer conductor 220 of the coaxial cable by welding, but is not limited thereto.

[0110] The feeding method of the radiation unit in the embodiment of the present invention can be either a coaxial cable 200 feeding method or a cable-free feeding solution (ie, coupled feeding), which further improves the adaptability and freedom of the radiation unit.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surfaces of the cavity walls 331 of the plurality of first balun cavities are flush with each other ( Figures 19 to 23 The bottom surfaces of the walls 331 of the multiple first balun cavities are aligned ( Fig. 20 and Fig.21 shown) or staggered ( Fig. 22 and Fig.23 The bottom surface of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity in different distribution states can be suitable for different application scenarios, thereby improving the adaptability and freedom of the radiation unit.

[0112] Fig.19 The feeding method of the radiation unit and the feeding network 100 is shown to be coupled feeding. That is, the feeding plate of the first feeding section and the feeding strip line 110 of the feeding network are electrically connected by coupling, wherein the feeding cavity 120 of the feeding network and the feeding strip line 110 form a stripline structure, which is one of the feeding methods. The balun structure 30 includes four network feeding parts 342, which are located at the bottom of the balun structure 30 and are composed of the ends of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity, and are used for the outer conductor of the balun structure 30 and the ground structure of the feeding network 4 to realize the common ground function.

[0113] Fig.21The feeding method of the radiation unit and the feeding network is exemplarily shown to be a coaxial welding feeding method. The four connection ports of the first feeding section 22 in the figure are parallel and have the same horizontal position. Four protrusions are formed at the end of the cavity wall 331 of the first balun cavity, and the network feeding part 342 formed by the four protrusions respectively serves as the outer conductor of the balun structure and the ground structure of the feeding network 4 to realize the common ground function. The core wire 210 of the coaxial cable 200 shown in the figure is connected to the feeding core 21, and the outer conductor 220 of the coaxial cable 200 and the network feeding part 342 are welded to the common ground.

[0114] Fig.23 The figure shows another schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation unit and the feeding network using coaxial welding feeding. Fig. 20 The difference between the implementation methods is that the four network feeders 342 are distributed differently, and the four connection ports of the first feed section 211 and the four network feeders 342 are staggered and have the same horizontal position.

[0115] The following further explains different implementations of the balun structure 30 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The radiator 10 and the feeding assembly 20 structures corresponding to the balun structure 30 of these embodiments (the first embodiment to the fourteenth embodiment) can be the same as those described above.

[0116] like Figures 1 to 5 In combination with the above description, in the first embodiment, the radiation unit includes two polarizations in total, and a first balun 35 and a second balun 36 are respectively arranged below one polarization, and three balun cavities are included below the two radiation arms of one polarization. The two polarizations and other structures corresponding to the two polarizations are the same. Specifically, in one polarization, the first balun 35 includes a second balun cavity 34 and two first balun cavities 33, and the cross-section of the second balun cavity 34 is circular, that is, the second balun cavity 34 is formed by the cylindrical cavity wall 341. The cross-sectional shape of the two first balun cavities 33 is a rectangle. The long side of the rectangular first balun cavity 33 is perpendicular to the side wall of the second balun 36. The ends of the long sides of the cross-sections of the two first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 are aligned.

[0117] Figure 6 The balun structure 30 of the second embodiment is shown, which is different from the first embodiment in that: in one polarization, the long sides of the cross-sections of the two first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 are parallel to the side walls of the second balun 36, that is, the first balun cavity 33 is arranged vertically. This distribution mode of the first balun cavity 33 provides another different feeding position of the first feeding section 211, which is conducive to the feeding of the external feeding network.

[0118] Figure 7The balun structure 30 of the third embodiment is shown, which is different from the first embodiment in that: in one polarization, the long sides of the cross-section of the two first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 are distributed at a substantially acute angle with the side wall of the second balun 36, that is, the first balun cavity 33 is tilted, which is conducive to the feeding of the external feeding network. The ends of the long sides of the cross-section of the two first balun cavities 33 of the first balun 35 are staggered.

[0119] Figure 8 The balun structure 30 of the fourth embodiment is shown, which is different from the first embodiment in that the second balun 36 does not include the second balun cavity 34. A first balun 35 is provided with a first balun cavity 33. The two second baluns 36 respectively have a radiation arm feeding portion 311, and the two radiation arm feeding portions 311 are respectively welded on the second feeding sections 212 corresponding to the two polarizations to realize direct feeding of the radiation arm 11.

[0120] Fig. 9 The fifth embodiment of the balun structure 30 is shown. The rectangular first balun cavity 33 is also used to place the combiner feed plate, the power splitter feed plate, the phase shift feed plate, etc. The output end of the first feeding section 211 can be placed at any position of the first balun cavity 33 according to the feeding requirements and the layout requirements of the whole machine. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the differences from the first embodiment include: one polarization corresponds to one first balun cavity 33 ; and the cross-sectional length direction of the first balun cavity 33 is perpendicular to the side wall of the second balun 36 .

[0121] Fig.10 The sixth embodiment of the balun structure 30 is shown, which is different from the fifth embodiment in that the long side of the cross section of the first balun cavity 33 is parallel to the side wall of the second balun.

[0122] Fig.11 What is shown is a balun structure 30 of the seventh embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that each polarization corresponds to four balun cavities, namely a second balun cavity 34, two first balun cavities 33 and a main cavity 37. The cross-sectional shape of the main cavity 37 is circular, and the cross-sectional shape of the two first balun cavities 33 is rectangular. In one polarization, the main cavity with a circular cross-section can be used to match the main feeding plate of the combiner (i.e., the combined feeding section of the combined feeding plate) to reduce the height. The two rectangular first balun cavities 33 are respectively used to place the two branch feeding sections of the combiner. The long sides of the two rectangular first balun cavities 33 are perpendicular to the side wall 361 of the second balun, and the main cavity 37 is located between the two first balun cavities 33.

[0123] Fig.12The balun structure 30 of the eighth embodiment is shown, which is different from the seventh embodiment in that the main cavity 37 with a circular cross-section is farther away from the side wall of the second balun 36 , while the main cavity 37 of the seventh embodiment is closer to the side wall of the second balun 36 .

[0124] Fig.13 The balun structure 30 of the ninth embodiment is shown, which is different from the eighth embodiment in that each first balun 35 includes three first balun cavities 33, and the cross-sectional shapes of the three first balun cavities 33 are all rectangular. The long sides of the three rectangular first balun cavities 33 are perpendicular to the side wall 361 of the second balun.

[0125] Fig.14 The balun structure 30 of the tenth embodiment is shown, which is different from the ninth embodiment in that each first balun 35 includes two first balun cavities 33 and a main cavity 37, the long sides of the cross-sections of the two first balun cavities 33 are perpendicular to the side walls of the second balun 36, the long sides of the cross-sections of the main cavity 37 are perpendicular to the long sides of the cross-sections of the first balun cavity 33, and the main cavity 37 is located at one end of the length direction of the cross-section of the first balun cavity 33, and the main cavity 37 is located between the first balun cavity 33 and the second balun 36.

[0126] Fig.15 The eleventh embodiment of the balun structure 30 is shown, which is different from the tenth embodiment in that the main cavity 37 is located at the other end of the length direction of the cross section of the first balun cavity 33, and the first balun cavity 33 is located between the main cavity 37 and the second balun 36.

[0127] Fig.16 The balun structure 30 of the twelfth embodiment is shown, which is different from the tenth embodiment in that the same polarization corresponds to two first balun cavities 33 with rectangular cross sections and one main cavity 37 with circular cross section.

[0128] Fig.17 The balun structure 30 of the thirteenth embodiment is shown, which is different from the twelfth embodiment in that the main cavity 37 with a circular cross section is located at a different position.

[0129] Fig.18 The balun structure 30 of the fourteenth embodiment is shown, which is different from the first embodiment in that a first balun 35 includes four first balun cavities 33, the cross-sectional shapes of the four first balun cavities 33 are all rectangular and parallel to each other, and the cross-sectional length direction of the four first balun cavities 33 of a first balun 35 is perpendicular to the side wall of the second balun 36.

[0130] Based on the above description, the radiation unit of the embodiment of the present invention has the following technical effects: reducing the low loss of the feeding network and improving the high gain of the radiation unit. The feeding component 20 is integrated inside the balun cavity, reducing the welding points, high stability, simpler feeding network, high batch production efficiency, and the position of the feeding point can also be adjusted, which improves adaptability and freedom.

[0131] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a base station antenna, comprising the radiation unit provided by the above embodiment.

[0132] The base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same technical effect as the aforementioned radiation unit, and will not be described repeatedly.

[0133] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0134] "Vertical", "horizontal", "top" or "bottom", "upper", "middle", "lower" and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0135] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0136] The term "and / or" as used herein is inclusive, for example, "A; and / or B" means only A, or only B, or both A and B. "Multiple" means two or more.

[0137] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments described in the present invention, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, comprising a radiator (10) and at least one feeding assembly (20), wherein the radiator (10) comprises at least one polarization, and one of the polarizations comprises at least two radiation arms (11); the feeding assembly (20) comprises a feeding core (21), and the feeding core (21) is used to connect a feeding network to feed the radiator (10), characterized in that: The radiation unit also includes: A balun structure (30) is located at the bottom of the radiator (10), and a first balun (35) and a second balun (36) are respectively arranged below the two polarized radiation arms (11), wherein the first balun (35) includes at least one first balun cavity (33), and the feed core (21) and the first balun cavity (33) together form a stripline structure.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity (33) is non-circular.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first balun cavity (33) is rectangular or square.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The plurality of first balun cavities (33) of one of the first baluns (35) are arranged parallel to each other.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The first balun cavities (33) of the first baluns (35) corresponding to different polarizations are arranged parallel to each other, perpendicular to each other, or at an angle.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second balun (36) has a notch (362), and a notch wall (3621) forming the notch (362) is connected to the radiation arm (11); or, The second balun (36) has at least one second balun cavity (34), and a cavity wall (341) forming the second balun cavity (34) is connected to the radiation arm (11).

7. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed assembly (20) further comprises a combiner feeder of the feed core (21), wherein the combiner feeder comprises a combiner feeder section and two branch feeder sections; The first balun (35) further comprises a main cavity (37), wherein the main cavity (37) is used to accommodate the combining feeding section, and the two branching feeding sections are respectively located in the two first balun cavities (33).

8. The radiation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the first balun (35) corresponding to one of the polarizations, the main cavity (37) is located between two of the first balun cavities (33), or there is a gap between the main cavity (37) and the ends of the two first balun cavities (33).

9. The radiation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the main cavity (37) is circular, rectangular or square.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the cross-section length direction of the plurality of first balun cavities (33) of one first balun (35) are respectively aligned or staggered.

11. A base station antenna, characterized in that: Comprising the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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