A coupling method and system for optical communication devices

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coupling method and system for optical communication devices, which relates to the field of optical communication technology, including connecting an optical communication device and a microwave photonic element, performing waveguide initialization configuration, and generating an initial optical signal; using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm, loading the initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator; using an optical wave measuring instrument, real-time monitoring the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal, and obtaining optical wave measurement data; inputting the optical wave measurement data into a coupling optimization model constructed based on a machine learning algorithm to generate optical wave optimization parameters; performing waveguide X-Y-Z axis displacement correction and angle repositioning according to the optical wave optimization parameters, and adjusting the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element. The present invention realizes precise coupling of microwave photonic elements and optical communication devices through waveguide displacement correction and angle repositioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a coupling method and system for optical communication devices. Background Art

[0002] With the development of optical communication technology, the demand for high-efficiency and high-performance optical communication devices is increasing. In the prior art, for example, patent 202111523911.9 "A silicon-based photonic transceiver chip and its high signal-to-noise ratio analog optical link implementation method" and patent application 202111457719.4 "A high-linear microwave photonic link enabled by an artificial intelligence algorithm" provide different solutions for the coupling method of optical communication devices. However, these solutions still have certain limitations in practical applications, such as sensitivity to environmental interference and insufficient coupling accuracy.

[0003] Compared with the above-mentioned prior art, the present application proposes an improved coupling method and system for optical communication devices. By introducing a coupling optimization model built based on a machine learning algorithm, the method can monitor and adjust the coupling parameters between the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal in real time, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the coupling process. In addition, the microwave signal is modulated using a nonlinear amplitude modulation function and a phase distribution function, which further enhances the anti-interference ability of the initial microwave signal and ensures the reliability of data transmission. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a coupling method for an optical communication device to solve the problems of insufficient coupling efficiency and communication quality.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a coupling method for an optical communication device, which includes connecting the optical communication device and a microwave photonic element, performing waveguide initialization configuration, and generating an initial optical signal; using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm to load the initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator; using an optical wave measuring instrument to monitor the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal in real time to obtain optical wave measurement data; inputting the optical wave measurement data into a coupling optimization model constructed based on a machine learning algorithm to generate optical wave optimization parameters; performing waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning according to the optical wave optimization parameters, and adjusting the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices of the present invention, the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element are connected, the waveguide initialization configuration is performed, and the initial optical signal is generated, and the specific steps are:

[0009] Physically connect the optical communication device with the microwave photonic element to form a coupling;

[0010] Confirm the docking position of the waveguide and the coupling piece, adjust the end face of the waveguide to be parallel to the input end of the coupling piece, and adjust the coupling gap between the waveguide and the optical fiber;

[0011] Starting the light source unit and setting the wavelength and output power of the light source, transmitting the initial light signal output by the light source unit to the optical communication device through the waveguide;

[0012] The propagation of the initial optical signal is detected and corrected by adjusting the modulation mode of the light source unit.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices of the present invention, wherein: the multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm is used to load the initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator, and the specific steps are:

[0014] Set the reference oscillator, default output frequency range and amplitude range of the microwave signal generator to generate a basic microwave signal;

[0015] The basic microwave signal is divided into equally spaced sub-bands, and the center frequency of the sub-bands is calculated as:

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] in, For the The center frequency of the sub-band, is the minimum value of the fixed frequency band, is the maximum value of the fixed frequency band, is the sub-band number index, is the number of sub-bands;

[0019] A nonlinear amplitude modulation function is introduced to optimize the amplitude of each sub-band. The expression is:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, For the The amplitude of the sub-band, is the maximum value, is the natural base, is the amplitude modulation coefficient, is the center frequency of all sub-bands, For the The frequency offset of each sub-band;

[0022] The phase distribution function is introduced to perform sub-band phase modulation, and the expression is:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, For the The initial phase of the sub-band, is the initial phase of all sub-bands, is the modulation depth;

[0025] All sub-band signals are superimposed to obtain the final loaded initial microwave signal, which is expressed as:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, is the initial microwave signal, is the current time, For the The sinusoidal signal corresponding to the sub-band is is the maximum index value of the sub-band, For the The phase factor of the sub-band signal;

[0028] inputting the initial microwave signal into a microwave signal generator and re-adjusting the output power according to the amplitude of the sub-frequency band;

[0029] Test the microwave signal signal-to-noise ratio and verify the anti-interference performance of the initial microwave signal.

[0030] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices described in the present invention, the light wave measurement data includes light power, spectral characteristics, optical time domain, microwave signal quality, polarization, spatial position and angle data.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices of the present invention, wherein: the light wave measuring instrument is used to monitor the initial light signal and the initial microwave signal in real time to obtain light wave measurement data, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0032] Connect the light wave measuring instrument and initialize the light wave measuring instrument;

[0033] activating a light wave measuring instrument to measure an initial light signal and obtain light measurement data;

[0034] Starting the microwave signal generator and loading the initial microwave signal, detecting the initial microwave signal through the optical wave measuring instrument, and obtaining wave measurement data;

[0035] The light measurement data and the wave measurement data are formatted into light wave measurement data and stored in a database.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices of the present invention, wherein: the light wave measurement data is input into the coupling optimization model constructed based on the machine learning algorithm to generate the light wave optimization parameters, the specific steps are:

[0037] Extract light wave measurement data from the database, perform feature extraction and preprocessing on the light wave measurement data, and obtain a light wave feature matrix;

[0038] Use the principal component analysis algorithm to reduce the dimension of the light wave feature matrix to obtain a feature dimension reduction matrix;

[0039] Based on the deep neural network, a coupling optimization model is constructed and the objective function of light wave coupling optimization is defined. The expression is:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, The light wave coupling optimization objective function of the coupled optimization model is: To optimize the time range, is the sample size, is the sample size index coefficient, is the actual output value, For the coupled optimization model prediction value, is the regularization coefficient, For the The square of the optimization parameters, To optimize the parameters, To optimize the number of parameters, To optimize the number of parameters index coefficient, is the integral identifier;

[0042] The nonlinear activation function is used to improve the nonlinear fitting ability of the coupled optimization model. The expression is:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, is a nonlinear activation function, Weighted sums of neurons in deep neural networks;

[0045] Input the feature dimension reduction matrix into the coupled optimization model, perform forward propagation calculation, and generate the initial optimization parameter vector;

[0046] According to the initial optimization parameter vector, the parameters are corrected in combination with the actual light wave characteristic matrix to obtain the light wave optimization parameters.

[0047] As a preferred solution of the coupling method for optical communication devices of the present invention, wherein: the waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning are performed according to the light wave optimization parameters, and the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element are adjusted, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0048] Based on the light wave optimization parameters, the waveguide is controlled by a stepper motor to move along the XYZ axis in three-dimensional space so that it is aligned with the coupling interface of the microwave photonic element.

[0049] The relative angle between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element is adjusted by a micro servo actuator;

[0050] The waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components are readjusted according to the lightwave optimization parameters.

[0051] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a coupling system for optical communication devices, including a communication device configuration module, a microwave signal loading module, a lightwave data measurement module, a coupling optimization model module and a coupling device optimization module; the communication device configuration module is used to connect the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element, perform waveguide initialization configuration, and generate an initial optical signal; the microwave signal loading module is used to use a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm to load the initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator; the lightwave data measurement module is used to monitor the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal in real time through a lightwave measuring instrument to obtain lightwave measurement data; the coupling optimization model module is used to input the lightwave measurement data into a coupling optimization model constructed based on a machine learning algorithm to generate lightwave optimization parameters; the coupling device optimization module is used to perform waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning according to the lightwave optimization parameters, and adjust the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element.

[0052] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the coupling method for optical communication devices as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0053] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the coupling method for an optical communication device as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by connecting the optical communication device with the microwave photonic element and performing waveguide initialization configuration, an initial optical signal is generated, laying the foundation for efficient signal transmission. The use of a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm to generate microwave signals not only enhances the signal's anti-interference ability, but also optimizes the transmission quality. Real-time monitoring of light waves and microwave signals provides accurate measurement data, effectively identifies signal attenuation and distortion, and ensures the stability of signal quality. The model is optimized through a machine learning algorithm, and the coupling parameters are automatically adjusted, so that the coupling component can intelligently adapt to different environmental changes, thereby improving coupling efficiency and performance. Through precise waveguide displacement correction and angle repositioning, precise coupling of microwave photonic elements and optical communication devices is achieved, further improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the coupling component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the coupling method for optical communication devices in Example 1.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a module diagram of the coupling system for optical communication devices in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0060] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0061] Example 1, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a coupling method for an optical communication device, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1: Connect the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element, perform waveguide initialization configuration, and generate an initial optical signal.

[0063] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0064] S1.1: Physically connect the optical communication device with the microwave photonic element to form a coupling device.

[0065] Specifically, optical communication devices include lasers, optical modulators, etc., and microwave photonic components include photodetectors, microwave signal generators, microwave modulators, etc. The operating wavelength and power range are matched to 1550nm wavelength and power range of -10dBm to +10dBm.

[0066] Use standardized fiber optic connectors (such as FC / APC) to connect optical communication devices to the input end of microwave photonic components, and ensure that the interface is clean and dust-free. Use a fiber end face cleaning tool to clean the connector end face. Use an optical platform and high-precision fiber optic clamps to fix optical communication devices and microwave photonic components on an optical plane to avoid unstable optical signal coupling due to vibration or environmental interference. Adjust the tension of the clamp to ensure the stability of the interface between the optical fiber and the photonic component, and avoid excessive squeezing and damage to the optical fiber.

[0067] S1.2: Confirm the docking position of the waveguide and the coupling piece, adjust the end face of the waveguide to be parallel to the input end of the coupling piece, and adjust the coupling gap between the waveguide and the optical fiber.

[0068] Specifically, use a microscope to check the docking position of the waveguide and the coupling piece to ensure that the input end face of the waveguide is completely aligned with the output end face of the optical fiber. Check whether the end face of the waveguide is flat and smooth. If the end face is found to be rough or contaminated, use a fiber cleaver to re-cut the waveguide end face and clean it with anhydrous alcohol and wipe paper.

[0069] Use the six-axis alignment platform to adjust the position and angle of the waveguide so that the end face of the waveguide is parallel to the input end of the coupler. Align the X, Y, and Z positions of the platform to observe whether the end faces of the waveguide and the coupler are completely parallel; if a tilt is found, use the fine-tuning nut to correct the angle until the microscope image shows that the two are completely parallel.

[0070] Initially set the gap between the waveguide and the optical fiber to 10-20μm. When adjusting the gap, monitor the coupled power in real time through the optical power meter and gradually reduce the gap until the optical power reaches the maximum value. Fix the position of the waveguide and the optical fiber to ensure that the gap remains stable during the whole process.

[0071] S1.3: Start the light source unit and set the wavelength and output power of the light source, and transmit the initial optical signal output by the light source unit to the optical communication device through the waveguide.

[0072] Specifically, turn on the light source unit (such as a laser), wait for 1-2 minutes of warm-up time, and ensure that the output power and wavelength of the laser are stable. Set the light source wavelength to 1550nm and the output power to the initial value (such as 1mW, about 0dBm).

[0073] S1.4: Detect the propagation of the initial optical signal and make corrections by adjusting the modulation method of the light source unit.

[0074] Specifically, the output characteristics of the initial optical signal are monitored by an optical detection device (such as an optical power meter, an optical spectrum analyzer).

[0075] Furthermore, use an optical spectrum analyzer to detect the spectral characteristics of the initial optical signal to observe whether there is wavelength shift or power attenuation. If signal distortion is found, record the distortion characteristics (such as spectrum broadening, signal noise). Detect the polarization characteristics of the initial optical signal and use a polarization analyzer to confirm whether the polarization direction of the initial optical signal is stable; if the polarization fluctuation is too large, record the polarization dependent loss (PDL).

[0076] If the output power of the initial optical signal is too low or the distortion is serious, adjust the modulation mode of the light source unit (such as switching from continuous wave mode to pulse mode), and adjust the bias voltage of the light source modulator and the modulation depth of the initial optical signal.

[0077] Preferably, a stable physical connection and a contamination-free interface are ensured through standardized fiber connectors and high-precision fiber fixtures, thereby avoiding signal attenuation and distortion. The docking position of the waveguide and the coupling element is precisely adjusted using a microscope and a six-axis alignment platform to maximize the coupling efficiency and the initial optical signal transmission capacity. The stability of the initial optical signal is ensured by precisely controlling the wavelength and output power of the laser. The propagation of the initial optical signal is monitored in real time, and signal distortion or polarization problems are discovered and corrected in a timely manner, thereby ensuring efficient and stable operation of the coupling element and improving overall performance.

[0078] S2: Using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm, an initial microwave signal is loaded through a microwave signal generator.

[0079] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0080] S2.1: Set the reference oscillator, default output frequency range and amplitude range of the microwave signal generator to generate a basic microwave signal.

[0081] Specifically, first perform hardware connection and initialization, connect the microwave signal generator (such as Keysight N5173B) to the input port of the microwave photonic component through a high-performance RF cable (such as an SMA interface), and confirm that the connector impedance is 50Ω to avoid signal reflection. Start the microwave signal generator and preheat the device for 5 minutes to stabilize the internal oscillator.

[0082] After that, calibrate the hardware parameters and use a spectrum analyzer (such as the R&S FSW series) to detect the output frequency and power of the microwave signal generator. Adjust the reference oscillator of the microwave signal generator to ensure that the frequency error is less than 10ppm. Set the default output frequency range (such as 1GHz to 20GHz) and amplitude range (such as -20dBm to +15dBm) to provide a basic microwave signal for subsequent steps.

[0083] S2.2: Divide the basic microwave signal into equally spaced sub-bands. The center frequency of the sub-bands is calculated as:

[0084] ;

[0085] ;

[0086] in, For the The center frequency of the sub-band, is the minimum value of the fixed frequency band, is the maximum value of the fixed frequency band, is the sub-band number index, is the number of sub-bands.

[0087] It should be understood that the fixed frequency band range to 5GHz to 15GHz.

[0088] S2.3: Introduce a nonlinear amplitude modulation function to optimize the amplitude of each sub-band. The expression is:

[0089] ;

[0090] in, For the The amplitude of the sub-band, is the maximum value, is the natural base, is the amplitude modulation coefficient, is the center frequency of all sub-bands, For the The frequency offset of each sub-band.

[0091] Preferably, the energy distribution near the target frequency can be enhanced through nonlinear amplitude modulation, thereby enhancing the anti-interference performance of the sub-band signal.

[0092] S2.4: Introduce the phase distribution function for sub-band phase modulation, the expression is:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, For the The initial phase of the sub-band, is the initial phase of all sub-bands, is the modulation depth.

[0095] Preferably, through phase modulation, the phase overlap problem between sub-band signal frequencies is avoided, thereby improving the overall transmission performance of sub-band signal loading.

[0096] S2.5: All sub-band signals are superimposed to obtain the final loaded initial microwave signal, which is expressed as:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, is the initial microwave signal, is the current time, For the The sinusoidal signal corresponding to the sub-band is is the maximum index value of the sub-band, For the The phase factor of the sub-band signal.

[0099] It should be noted that the amplitude range is , by the amplitude modulation function Control, the phase range is , from the phase distribution function Decide.

[0100] S2.6: Input the initial microwave signal into the microwave signal generator, and readjust the output power according to the amplitude of the sub-frequency band.

[0101] Specifically, the output power expression is:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, is the initial microwave signal output power.

[0104] Adjust the output power range of the microwave signal generator so that the initial microwave signal output power Meet the equipment input power range (such as 0dBm to 10dBm). Use a spectrum analyzer to verify the spectrum characteristics of the initial microwave signal.

[0105] S2.7: Test the microwave signal signal-to-noise ratio and verify the anti-interference performance of the initial microwave signal.

[0106] Specifically, use a spectrum analyzer to observe the spectrum of the initial microwave signal, mark the main peak of the initial microwave signal and the average of the noise floor, and calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of the initial microwave signal. If the signal-to-noise ratio is too low, consider adjusting the output power of the microwave signal generator or using a bandpass filter to remove interference noise.

[0107] Furthermore, a spectrum analyzer is used to measure the coupling efficiency of the initial microwave signal in the microwave photonic element, with special attention paid to the frequency stability and amplitude variation of the initial microwave signal. If the signal amplitude attenuation of certain frequency bands in the spectrum is detected to be too large, the amplitude of the corresponding frequency band is adjusted. or phase distribution , reload the initial microwave signal to optimize performance.

[0108] Preferably, the stability and accuracy of the initial microwave signal are ensured through hardware initialization and signal calibration; the energy distribution is optimized and the anti-interference performance is enhanced by utilizing equally spaced frequency band division and nonlinear amplitude modulation; the transmission quality is further optimized by phase modulation and phase overlap between sub-bands is avoided; an efficient initial microwave signal is generated by superimposing optimized sub-band signals, and the output power is adjusted according to the amplitude to meet the equipment requirements; the signal-to-noise ratio is tested and the anti-interference performance is verified to ensure the quality and robustness of the initial microwave signal, thereby enhancing the stability and transmission efficiency of the coupling in complex environments.

[0109] S3: Using a light wave measuring instrument, monitor the initial light signal and the initial microwave signal in real time to obtain light wave measurement data.

[0110] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0111] S3.1: Connect the light wave measuring instrument and initialize the light wave measuring instrument.

[0112] Specifically, determine the required optical wave measurement instruments and equipment, including optical power meters, optical spectrum analyzers, optical time domain reflectometers (OTDRs), polarization analyzers, and vector network analyzers (VNAs).

[0113] Connect the output of the optical communication device to the input of the optical wave measuring instrument as follows:

[0114] Optical power measurement: Use standardized fiber optic connectors (such as FC / APC) to connect optical communication components to the optical power meter.

[0115] Spectral characteristic measurement: Connect the output end of the optical communication device to the optical spectrum analyzer.

[0116] Polarization measurement: The initial optical signal is connected to a polarization analyzer through a polarization controller.

[0117] Microwave signal measurement: Connect the output end of the microwave photonic component to a vector network analyzer (SMA interface, 50Ω impedance matching) through a radio frequency cable.

[0118] And initialize the light wave measuring instrument, the process is as follows:

[0119] Optical power meter: Calibrate the device, adjust the range (such as 0dBm to -60dBm), and confirm that the device is working properly.

[0120] Spectrum analyzer: Set the center wavelength (such as 1550nm), scanning range (such as 1520nm to 1580nm) and resolution (such as 0.01nm).

[0121] Polarization Analyzer: Calibrate the instrument polarization measurement mode and select the polarization state (such as Stokes parameters or polarization extinction ratio).

[0122] Vector Network Analyzer: Set the frequency range (e.g. 5 GHz to 20 GHz), select the sweep mode (e.g. reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient) and calibrate the ports.

[0123] S3.2: Activate the optical wave measuring instrument, measure the initial optical signal, and obtain optical measurement data.

[0124] Specifically, turn on the power of the optical wave measuring instrument, wait for 1-2 minutes to complete the device self-check, and confirm that the initial status displayed by the device is normal, without hardware failure or abnormal prompts.

[0125] Use an optical power meter to measure the power of the initial optical signal, record the power value and calculate the signal loss; use an optical spectrum analyzer to obtain the spectral characteristics of the initial optical signal, including the central wavelength, signal bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio of the initial optical signal; set the scanning interval of the optical spectrum analyzer, record the spectrum curve and save the data; use a polarization analyzer to obtain the polarization state of the initial optical signal, including the polarization extinction ratio (PER) and the polarization angle. Record the polarization extinction ratio value and confirm whether the polarization angle is stable (such as the polarization angle fluctuation is less than 1°). Use the displacement sensor of the six-axis alignment platform to record the X, Y, and Z positions of the current optical fiber and waveguide, and use the angle measurement device to record the deflection angle of the optical fiber.

[0126] S3.3: Start the microwave signal generator and load the initial microwave signal, detect the initial microwave signal through the optical wave measuring instrument, and obtain wave measurement data.

[0127] Specifically, turn on the power of the microwave signal generator, wait for the device to preheat, set the output frequency, output power and modulation mode (such as continuous wave mode or pulse mode) of the microwave signal, load the initial microwave signal to the microwave photonic element, and ensure that the initial microwave signal is output stably.

[0128] Use an RF power meter to detect the output power of the initial microwave signal and record the power value to confirm the signal quality. Use a vector network analyzer to obtain the transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient of the initial microwave signal in the photonic element and record its amplitude and phase information. Measure the phase noise and frequency stability of the initial microwave signal. Use a real-time oscilloscope to detect the time waveform of the initial microwave signal to confirm the modulation depth and signal integrity of the initial microwave signal.

[0129] S3.4: Formatting the light measurement data and the wave measurement data into light wave measurement data, and storing them in a database.

[0130] Specifically, the optical measurement data (optical power, spectral characteristics, polarization, spatial position and angle) and the wave measurement data (microwave signal frequency, power, phase, signal quality) are integrated into a unified JSON data format, which is defined as follows:

[0131] Optical power (unit: dBm).

[0132] Spectral characteristics: center wavelength (unit: nm), bandwidth (unit: nm), OSNR (unit: dB).

[0133] Polarization characteristics: PER (unit: dB), polarization angle (unit: °).

[0134] Spatial position data: X, Y, Z displacement (unit: μm).

[0135] Microwave signal characteristics: frequency (unit: GHz), power (unit: dBm), phase (unit: °), phase noise (unit: dBc / Hz).

[0136] Furthermore, a database table is created with fields including optical power, spectral characteristics, polarization, spatial position, microwave signal frequency, power, phase, phase noise, etc. The measured data are written into the database using a Python script.

[0137] S3.4.1: Optical wave measurement data include optical power, spectral characteristics, optical time domain, microwave signal quality, polarization, spatial position, and angle data.

[0138] Preferably, by connecting and initializing various optical wave measuring instruments (such as optical power meters, optical spectrum analyzers, polarization analyzers, and vector network analyzers), comprehensive monitoring of the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal is achieved. This multi-dimensional signal quality assessment provides reliable data support for coupling optimization and debugging. By formatting all measurement data into a unified JSON format and storing it in a database, not only the query efficiency and traceability of the data are improved, but also the efficiency of debugging and optimization is ensured. In addition, this precise data monitoring and analysis can improve the anti-interference ability of the measurement, optimize signal quality, reduce debugging time, and provide data support for further optimization.

[0139] S4: Input the optical wave measurement data into the coupling optimization model built based on the machine learning algorithm to generate the optical wave optimization parameters.

[0140] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0141] S4.1: Extract light wave measurement data from the database, perform feature extraction and preprocessing on the light wave measurement data, and obtain a light wave feature matrix.

[0142] Specifically, light wave measurement data is extracted from the database and converted into a feature matrix in a tabular form. , the matrix dimension is ,in is the sample size, The number of features of the light wave measurement data.

[0143] Normalize the feature matrix so that all features are Range, the normalized expression is:

[0144] ;

[0145] in, is the normalized feature matrix, is the minimum value of each column feature, is the maximum value of each feature column.

[0146] Detect outliers in the data (such as negative values ​​or values ​​outside a physically plausible range) and replace them using interpolation or the mean.

[0147] S4.2: Use the principal component analysis algorithm to reduce the dimension of the light wave feature matrix to obtain a feature reduced dimension matrix.

[0148] Specifically, for the normalized feature matrix Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional feature data to a low-dimensional feature space to reduce redundant information and improve computational efficiency. The principal component features were selected to ensure that the cumulative variance contribution rate reached more than 95%.

[0149] The reconstruction error algorithm was used to verify the dimensionality reduction effect and ensure that the reconstruction error after dimensionality reduction was less than 0.05.

[0150] S4.3: Construct a coupling optimization model based on a deep neural network and define the objective function of light wave coupling optimization, which is expressed as:

[0151] ;

[0152] in, The light wave coupling optimization objective function of the coupled optimization model is: To optimize the time frame, is the sample size, is the sample size index coefficient, is the actual output value, For the coupled optimization model prediction value, is the regularization coefficient, For the The square of the optimization parameters, To optimize the parameters, To optimize the number of parameters, To optimize the number of parameters index coefficient, is the integral identifier;

[0153] Preferably, a deep neural network with three hidden layers is constructed, where the input layer dimension is the number of features after dimensionality reduction, and the output layer dimension is the number of parameters to be optimized. The number of neurons in the hidden layer is [64, 32, 16], and each layer connection uses a nonlinear activation function.

[0154] S4.4: Use nonlinear activation function to improve the nonlinear fitting ability of coupled optimization model, the expression is:

[0155] ;

[0156] in, is a nonlinear activation function, Weighted sums of neurons in deep neural networks.

[0157] Preferably, It can effectively improve the model's ability to fit nonlinear coupling relationships and avoid the problem of underfitting of linear models to complex optical wave characteristics.

[0158] S4.5: Input the feature dimension reduction matrix into the coupled optimization model, perform forward propagation calculation, and generate an initial optimization parameter vector.

[0159] It should be noted that the initial optimization parameter vector is in the form of .

[0160] S4.6: According to the initial optimization parameter vector, the parameters are corrected in combination with the actual light wave characteristic matrix to obtain the light wave optimization parameters.

[0161] Specifically, the gradient descent method is used to adjust the initial optimization parameter vector, and the correction expression is:

[0162] ;

[0163] in Optimize parameters for light waves, is the initial optimization parameter vector, is the learning rate, is the gradient, which represents the objective function of light wave coupling optimization For parameter vector The partial derivative of .

[0164] Preferably, the quality and consistency of the optical wave measurement data are ensured through data preprocessing, feature extraction and normalization; then, the principal component analysis (PCA) is used for dimensionality reduction, which reduces redundant information and improves computational efficiency. The coupling optimization model built based on the deep neural network improves the ability to fit complex optical wave characteristics through nonlinear activation functions, avoiding the shortcomings of linear models. The initial optimization parameter vector is generated by forward propagation, and then the optimization parameters are corrected by the gradient descent method to ensure that the coupling optimization model accurately optimizes the optical wave coupling parameters. The efficiency, accuracy and stability of optical wave coupling are effectively improved, and the performance and robustness of optical wave components are enhanced.

[0165] S5: According to the light wave optimization parameters, the waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning are performed, and the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components are adjusted.

[0166] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0167] S5.1: Based on the light wave optimization parameters, the waveguide is controlled by a stepper motor to move along the XYZ axis in three-dimensional space so that it is aligned with the coupling interface of the microwave photonic element.

[0168] Specifically, according to the X, Y, and Z coordinate data of the optical wave optimization parameters, the motion target of the stepper motor is set. Use a three-axis motion control unit to move the waveguide to the target position along the X, Y, and Z axes respectively. Ensure that the stepper motor of each axis can accurately control the displacement and monitor the position of the waveguide in real time through a feedback loop (such as an encoder or a displacement sensor). During the displacement process, use a laser collimator and an optical sensor to align the end face of the waveguide with the coupling end face of the microwave photonic element. Adjust the slight deviation of the X, Y, and Z axes until the alignment accuracy reaches a displacement error of no more than 10μm.

[0169] S5.2: Adjust the relative angle between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element by a micro servo actuator.

[0170] Specifically, a micro servo driver is used to adjust the angle between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element, and an angle sensor is used to monitor the angle change in real time during the adjustment process to ensure that the relative angle error between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element does not exceed 0.1°.

[0171] S5.3: Readjust the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components according to the lightwave optimization parameters.

[0172] Specifically, the waveguide coupling parameters refer to a plurality of physical parameters that affect the signal transmission efficiency between the microwave photonic element and the waveguide, including the coupling gap, the coupling angle, and the coupling signal phase.

[0173] Furthermore, a stepper motor or a precision adjustment nut is used to control the coupling gap and coupling angle between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element, and a phase modulator in the microwave photonic element is used to adjust the phase of the coupling signal.

[0174] Preferably, by precisely controlling the XYZ axis position and relative angle of the waveguide, the precise coupling between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element is ensured, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the coupled signal. Using a stepper motor, three-axis motion control, and a laser collimator, the waveguide can be aligned to micron-level accuracy, ensuring that the coupling end face alignment error does not exceed 10μm; the relative angle between the waveguide and the element is adjusted by a micro-servo drive to ensure that the angle error does not exceed 0.1°, further optimizing the coupling quality. In addition, precise adjustment of the coupling gap and use of a phase modulator to adjust the signal phase improve the coherence and stability of the coupled signal, maximizing the coupling efficiency.

[0175] This embodiment also provides a coupling system for an optical communication device, comprising:

[0176] A communication device configuration module, used to connect the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element, perform waveguide initialization configuration, and generate an initial optical signal;

[0177] A microwave signal loading module, used for loading an initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm;

[0178] The light wave data measurement module is used to monitor the initial light signal and the initial microwave signal in real time through a light wave measurement instrument to obtain light wave measurement data;

[0179] A coupling optimization model module is used to input the light wave measurement data into the coupling optimization model built based on the machine learning algorithm to generate light wave optimization parameters;

[0180] The coupling device optimization module is used to perform waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning according to the light wave optimization parameters, and adjust the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components.

[0181] This embodiment also provides a computer device for use in the coupling method of optical communication devices, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions to implement the coupling method for optical communication devices proposed in the above embodiment.

[0182] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0183] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the coupling method for optical communication devices proposed in the above embodiment is implemented; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Red-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0184] In summary, the present invention generates an initial optical signal by connecting an optical communication device to a microwave photonic element and performing waveguide initialization configuration, thereby laying the foundation for efficient signal transmission. The use of a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm to generate microwave signals not only enhances the signal's anti-interference ability, but also optimizes the transmission quality. Real-time monitoring of light waves and microwave signals provides accurate measurement data, effectively identifies signal attenuation and distortion, and ensures the stability of signal quality. The model is optimized through a machine learning algorithm, and the coupling parameters are automatically adjusted, so that the coupling component can intelligently adapt to different environmental changes, thereby improving coupling efficiency and performance. Through precise waveguide displacement correction and angle repositioning, precise coupling of microwave photonic elements and optical communication devices is achieved, further improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the coupling component.

[0185] Example 2, referring to Table 1, is the second example of the present invention. To further verify the technical solution of the present invention, experimental simulation data of a coupling method for an optical communication device are provided.

[0186] The experimental equipment includes optical communication devices (lasers, optical modulators), microwave photonic components (photodetectors, microwave signal generators, microwave modulators), a high-precision six-axis alignment platform, an optical power meter, a spectrum analyzer, and a polarization analyzer.

[0187] First, connect the laser to the optical modulator through a standardized fiber optic connector (FC / APC type), and use a connection cleaning tool to clean the interface end face to ensure that there is no dust or contamination. Use an optical platform to fix the optical communication device and microwave photonic components to avoid vibration interference. Adjust the position of the fiber end face through the six-axis alignment platform to make it completely parallel to the waveguide, and adjust the coupling gap between the waveguide and the optical fiber to 15 μm. Monitor the power in real time on the optical power meter to ensure that the coupling power is maximized.

[0188] Secondly, start the laser, set the wavelength to 1550nm, the power to 0dBm (1mW), and transmit the optical signal to the optical communication device through the waveguide. Use an optical spectrum analyzer to detect the central wavelength, bandwidth and polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the optical signal and record the data. If there is spectral broadening or polarization instability in the detection signal, adjust the working mode of the optical modulator (such as switching to pulse mode) and adjust the bias voltage to optimize the modulation depth.

[0189] Next, a microwave signal generator is used to generate a multi-band signal with a frequency range of 5 GHz to 15 GHz, and the signal amplitude distribution is optimized through a nonlinear amplitude modulation function. Ensure that the amplitude of the signal is concentrated near the target frequency to enhance anti-interference performance. The optimized microwave signal is loaded into the microwave photonic element, and the transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient and phase noise of the signal are detected by a vector network analyzer. If the signal attenuation is too large, readjust the amplitude modulation function parameters to optimize the signal quality.

[0190] Finally, the optical signal power, spectral characteristics and polarization state are monitored in real time by an optical power meter and a spectrum analyzer, while the frequency, phase and power data of the microwave signal are collected by a vector network analyzer. The optical wave measurement data is integrated into a matrix form and input into a coupling optimization model based on a deep neural network for training. The optimization parameters are generated using a nonlinear activation function and a gradient optimization algorithm. According to the optimization parameters, a stepper motor is used to control the X, Y, and Z axis positions of the waveguide to ensure that the waveguide is fully aligned with the interface of the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element. The waveguide angle error is adjusted to no more than 0.1°. The coupling efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio are tested, and the coupling performance of the prior art is compared to verify the advantages of the invented technology.

[0191] The prior art refers to a conventional optical communication device coupling method using low-precision artificially adjusted physical connections and fixed waveguide gaps, as well as optical signal generation using a fixed modulation method, and linearly distributed microwave signal loading.

[0192] The details are shown in Table 1 below:

[0193] Table 1 Experimental data comparison record

[0194] Test subjects Optical power(dBm) Central wavelength (nm) Polarization extinction ratio (dB) Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) Coupling efficiency (%) Spectral bandwidth (nm) First set of tests on existing technology -12 1549.97 14 27 78 0.22 Prior Art Second Group Test -19 1550.02 15 22 82 0.22 Prior Art Group 3 Test -8 1550.01 18 28 85 0.2 The first group of tests of the present invention -6 1550 21 35 95 0.15 The second group of tests of the present invention -4 1550 21 34 96 0.13 The third group of tests of the present invention -4 1550 23 40 93 0.13

[0195] Through the analysis of the table data, it can be clearly seen that the technology of the present invention has obvious advantages over the prior art, as follows:

[0196] In the existing technology, the optical power range is -12dBm to -8dBm, and there is a large optical signal loss. The invention technology optimizes the waveguide alignment accuracy, coupling gap and modulation method to increase the optical power to -6dBm to -4dBm, and the loss is significantly reduced. This shows that the invention technology better reduces the energy loss of optical signals during transmission. Polarization extinction ratio (PER) is an important indicator for measuring polarization stability.

[0197] The PER range in the prior art is 14dB to 18dB, while the inventive technology improves the PER to 21dB to 23dB through polarization optimization strategy. This improvement enhances the signal's anti-interference ability and ensures high-quality signal transmission. The coupling efficiency of the inventive technology reaches 93% to 96%, which is 10% to 19% higher than the 78% to 85% of the prior art. This improvement is due to the coupling optimization model based on deep neural networks and the precise waveguide correction strategy in the inventive technology.

[0198] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a core indicator for measuring the anti-interference performance of a signal. In the prior art, the SNR is 22dB to 28dB, while the invention effectively improves the SNR to 34dB to 40dB. This is due to the optimization of the nonlinear amplitude modulation and phase modulation algorithms in the invention, which allows the signal to concentrate more energy near the target frequency and effectively suppress the influence of noise.

[0199] The central wavelength of the invention is stabilized at 1550.00nm, and the wavelength offset is zero, while the prior art has an offset of 0.01nm to 0.05nm. In addition, the spectral bandwidth of the invention is reduced to 0.13nm to 0.15nm, while the bandwidth of the prior art is 0.20nm to 0.22nm. Signals with narrow bandwidth are more suitable for long-distance transmission and can effectively improve the transmission efficiency of the coupling element.

[0200] Experimental data show that the invented technology effectively improves the power, stability and polarization characteristics of the initial optical signal by optimizing the waveguide alignment accuracy, signal modulation mode and coupling parameters; enhances the anti-interference performance of the initial microwave signal through nonlinear amplitude modulation and phase modulation; and improves the coupling efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio through deep neural network optimization model. Compared with the existing technology, the invented technology shows certain advantages in stability and transmission efficiency.

[0201] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling method for an optical communication device, characterized in that: include, Connecting the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element, performing waveguide initialization configuration, and generating an initial optical signal; Using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm, an initial microwave signal is loaded through a microwave signal generator; Using a light wave measuring instrument, the initial light signal and the initial microwave signal are monitored in real time to obtain light wave measurement data; Input the light wave measurement data into the coupling optimization model built based on the machine learning algorithm to generate light wave optimization parameters; According to the light wave optimization parameters, the waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning are performed, and the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components are adjusted; The optical communication device and the microwave photonic element are connected to perform waveguide initialization configuration to generate an initial optical signal, and the specific steps are: Physically connect the optical communication device with the microwave photonic element to form a coupling; Confirm the docking position of the waveguide and the coupling piece, adjust the end face of the waveguide to be parallel to the input end of the coupling piece, and adjust the coupling gap between the waveguide and the optical fiber; Starting the light source unit and setting the wavelength and output power of the light source, transmitting the initial light signal output by the light source unit to the optical communication device through the waveguide; Detect the propagation of the initial optical signal and make corrections by adjusting the modulation mode of the light source unit; The method of performing XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning of the waveguide according to the light wave optimization parameters and adjusting the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element comprises the following specific steps: Based on the light wave optimization parameters, the waveguide is controlled by a stepper motor to move along the XYZ axis in three-dimensional space so that it is aligned with the coupling interface of the microwave photonic element. The relative angle between the waveguide and the microwave photonic element is adjusted by a micro servo actuator; The waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic components are readjusted according to the lightwave optimization parameters.

2. The coupling method for an optical communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm is used to load the initial microwave signal through a microwave signal generator, and the specific steps are: Set the reference oscillator, default output frequency range and amplitude range of the microwave signal generator to generate a basic microwave signal; The basic microwave signal is divided into equally spaced sub-bands, and the center frequency of the sub-bands is calculated as: ； ； in, For the The center frequency of the sub-band, is the minimum value of the fixed frequency band, is the maximum value of the fixed frequency band, is the sub-band number index, is the number of sub-bands; A nonlinear amplitude modulation function is introduced to optimize the amplitude of each sub-band. The expression is: ； in, For the The amplitude of the sub-band, is the maximum value, is the natural base, is the amplitude modulation coefficient, is the center frequency of all sub-bands, For the The frequency offset of each sub-band; The phase distribution function is introduced to perform sub-band phase modulation, and the expression is: ； in, For the The initial phase of the sub-band, is the initial phase of all sub-bands, is the modulation depth; All sub-band signals are superimposed to obtain the final loaded initial microwave signal, which is expressed as: ； in, is the initial microwave signal, is the current time, For the The sinusoidal signal corresponding to the sub-band is is the maximum index value of the sub-band, For the The phase factor of the sub-band signal; inputting the initial microwave signal into a microwave signal generator and re-adjusting the output power according to the amplitude of the sub-frequency band; Test the microwave signal signal-to-noise ratio and verify the anti-interference performance of the initial microwave signal.

3. The coupling method for an optical communication device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical wave measurement data includes optical power, spectral characteristics, optical time domain, microwave signal quality, polarization, spatial position and angle data.

4. The coupling method for an optical communication device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light wave measuring instrument is used to monitor the initial light signal and the initial microwave signal in real time to obtain light wave measurement data. The specific steps are: Connect the light wave measuring instrument and initialize the light wave measuring instrument; activating a light wave measuring instrument to measure an initial light signal and obtain light measurement data; Starting the microwave signal generator and loading the initial microwave signal, detecting the initial microwave signal through the optical wave measuring instrument, and obtaining wave measurement data; The light measurement data and the wave measurement data are formatted into light wave measurement data and stored in a database.

5. The coupling method for an optical communication device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light wave measurement data is input into the coupling optimization model constructed based on the machine learning algorithm to generate light wave optimization parameters. The specific steps are: Extract light wave measurement data from the database, perform feature extraction and preprocessing on the light wave measurement data, and obtain a light wave feature matrix; Use the principal component analysis algorithm to reduce the dimension of the light wave feature matrix to obtain a feature dimension reduction matrix; Based on the deep neural network, a coupling optimization model is constructed and the objective function of light wave coupling optimization is defined. The expression is: ； in, The light wave coupling optimization objective function of the coupled optimization model is: To optimize the time range, is the sample size, is the sample size index coefficient, is the actual output value, For the coupled optimization model prediction value, is the regularization coefficient, For the The square of the optimization parameters, To optimize the parameters, To optimize the number of parameters, To optimize the number of parameters index coefficient, is the integral identifier; The nonlinear activation function is used to improve the nonlinear fitting ability of the coupled optimization model. The expression is: ； in, is a nonlinear activation function, Weighted sums of neurons in deep neural networks; Input the feature dimension reduction matrix into the coupled optimization model, perform forward propagation calculation, and generate the initial optimization parameter vector; According to the initial optimization parameter vector, the parameters are corrected in combination with the actual light wave characteristic matrix to obtain the light wave optimization parameters.

6. A coupling system for an optical communication device, based on the coupling method for an optical communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Including, communication device configuration module, microwave signal loading module, optical wave data measurement module, coupling optimization model module and coupling device optimization module; The communication device configuration module is used to connect the optical communication device and the microwave photonic element, perform waveguide initialization configuration, and generate an initial optical signal; The microwave signal loading module is used to load the initial microwave signal through the microwave signal generator using a multi-band microwave signal modulation algorithm; The optical wave data measurement module is used to monitor the initial optical signal and the initial microwave signal in real time through an optical wave measurement instrument to obtain optical wave measurement data; The coupling optimization model module is used to input the light wave measurement data into the coupling optimization model constructed based on the machine learning algorithm to generate light wave optimization parameters; The coupling device optimization module is used to perform waveguide XYZ axis displacement correction and angle repositioning according to the light wave optimization parameters, and adjust the waveguide coupling parameters of the microwave photonic element.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the coupling method for optical communication devices described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the coupling method for an optical communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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