Vibration device and traffic equipment comprising same

Abstract

A vibrating device may include a vibrating member and a vibrating element configured to vibrate the vibrating member and including a vibrating portion. The vibrating portion includes a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material. The electrostrictive material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, and the piezoelectric material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4. [Chemical Formula 1] (PbA-BCB) (Mg1 / 3Nb2 / 3) aO3 [Chemical Formula 2] (PbA-BCB) (D1 / 3E2 / 3) bO3 [Chemical Formula 3] (PbA-BCB) (Zrc) O3 [Chemical Formula 4] (PbA-BCB) (Tid) O3, in Chemical Formula 1 to Chemical Formula 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), in Chemical Formula 1 to Chemical Formula 4, "a + b + c + d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a + b" to "c +

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0133540 filed in Korea on October 6, 2023, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated into this application by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a vibration device and traffic equipment including the vibration device. Background Art

[0004] A device includes a separate speaker or a vibration device to provide sound. When a speaker is provided in the device, the space occupied by the speaker may result in limitations on the design and spatial arrangement of the device.

[0005] For example, a speaker applied to the device may be an actuator including a magnet and a coil. However, if an actuator is applied to the device, there is a disadvantage that the device is thick. Therefore, piezoelectric elements that can achieve a thin thickness have attracted attention.

[0006] Vibration devices including piezoelectric elements are used in various fields. For example, since piezoelectric elements do not have sufficient piezoelectric characteristics in applications requiring high temperatures, etc., it is difficult to ensure the reliability of piezoelectric elements. Summary of the invention

[0007] The inventors of the present disclosure have recognized the above limitations and other limitations associated with the related art and have conducted various studies and experiments to realize a device including a vibration device capable of having improved piezoelectric characteristics. Based on the various studies and experiments, the inventors of the present disclosure have invented a device including a vibration device capable of improving piezoelectric characteristics and improving sound characteristics and / or sound pressure characteristics.

[0008] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to providing a vibration device that improves piezoelectric characteristics and improves sound characteristics and / or sound pressure characteristics, and traffic equipment including the vibration device.

[0009] Additional features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure are partially set forth in the present disclosure and will also become apparent from the present disclosure, or can be learned by practicing the inventive concepts provided herein. Other features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the present disclosure or the structures, claims, and drawings that can be derived therefrom.

[0010] To achieve these and other advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure, as presented and generally described herein, in one or more embodiments, a device includes a vibration member and a vibration element, the vibration element being configured to vibrate the vibration member and including a vibration portion. The vibration portion includes a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material, and the electrostrictive material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formulas 1 and 2.

[0011] [Chemical formula 1]

[0012] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O 3

[0013] [Chemical formula 2]

[0014] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O 3

[0015] The piezoelectric material includes materials represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 below.

[0016] [Chemical formula 3]

[0017] (Pb A-B C B )(Zr c ) 3

[0018] [Chemical formula 4]

[0019] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d ) 3

[0020] In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and in Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "a+b+c+d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0.

[0021] Traffic equipment according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure includes an outer material, an inner material covering the outer material, and one or more sound-generating devices configured to output sound from at least one of the outer material and the inner material. At least one sound-generating device includes a vibration device. The vibration device includes a vibration member and a vibration element, the vibration element is configured to vibrate the vibration member and includes a vibration part. The vibration part includes a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material, and the electrostrictive material includes a material represented by the following chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2.

[0022] [Chemical formula 1]

[0023] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O 3

[0024] [Chemical formula 2]

[0025] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O 3

[0026] The piezoelectric material includes materials represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 below.

[0027] [Chemical formula 3]

[0028] (Pb A-B C B )(Zr c ) 3

[0029] [Chemical formula 4]

[0030] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d ) 3

[0031] In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and in Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "a+b+c+d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0.

[0032] Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and accompanying drawings.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration device having improved piezoelectric characteristics is configured to provide improved sound characteristics and / or sound pressure characteristics for equipment or traffic equipment.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration device having improved piezoelectric characteristics is configured to output sound having improved sound characteristics and / or sound pressure characteristics to the front of a vibration member (external material and / or internal material).

[0035] Other systems, methods, features, and advantages will be or will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. All such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included in this specification, to be within the scope of the present disclosure, and to be protected by the claims below. Nothing in this section should be construed as limiting these claims. Further embodiments and advantages are discussed below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0036] It is to be understood that both the foregoing description and the following description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure.

[0038] Figure 1 is a view showing a device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 2 is a view showing a device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 3 is a view showing a vibration device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 4 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line II'.

[0042] Figure 5 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line II-II'.

[0043] Figure 6 is a graph showing the phase transition temperature and the piezoelectric constant of the vibration element according to the experimental example of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 7is a diagram showing sound output characteristics of a device according to an experimental example of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a vibration part according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Fig. 9 is a view showing a vibration part according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Fig.10 is a view showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Fig.11 is a view showing a traffic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view showing a traffic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Reference is now made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which may be illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the description below, when a detailed description of a known method, function, structure, or configuration may unnecessarily obscure an embodiment of the present disclosure, a detailed description of such known function or configuration may be omitted for the sake of brevity. In addition, repeated descriptions may be omitted for the sake of brevity. The described progression of processing steps and / or operations is a non-limiting example.

[0051] The advantages and features of the present disclosure and their implementation methods are illustrated by referring to the embodiments described in the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the example embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these example embodiments are examples, and these example embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure may be complete and complete, to help those skilled in the art understand the inventive concept without limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0052] The shapes, dimensions (e.g., size, length, width, height, thickness, position, radius, diameter, and area), proportions, ratios, angles, quantities, number of components, etc. disclosed herein (including the shapes, dimensions, proportions, ratios, angles, quantities, number of components, etc. shown in the drawings) are merely examples, and thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the details shown. However, it should be noted that the relative dimensions of the components shown in the drawings are part of the present disclosure.

[0053] Where terms such as "having", "including", "comprising", "consisting of", "made of", "formed of", "composed of", etc. are used for one or more elements (e.g., layers, films, regions, components, segments, members, parts, areas, parts, steps, operations, etc.), one or more other elements may be added unless terms such as "only" etc. are used. The terms used in the present disclosure are only used to describe example embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Terms in the singular form may include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] The word "exemplary" is used to mean serving as an example or illustration, unless otherwise stated. An embodiment is an exemplary embodiment. An embodiment is an exemplary embodiment. In one or more embodiments, "embodiment", "embodiment", "example", etc. should not be interpreted as being preferred or more beneficial than other embodiments. An embodiment, an example, an exemplary embodiment, etc. may refer to one or more embodiments, one or more examples, one or more exemplary embodiments, etc., unless otherwise stated. In addition, the term "may" includes all meanings of the term "can".

[0055] In one or more embodiments, unless otherwise explicitly stated, an element, feature, or corresponding information (e.g., level, range, dimension, size, etc.) is interpreted as including an error or tolerance range, even if no explicit description of such error or tolerance range is provided. The error or tolerance range may be caused by various factors (e.g., process factors, internal or external influences, noise, etc.). When interpreting a numerical value, the value is interpreted as including an error range unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0056] When describing a positional relationship, for example, when using "on", "over", "on top of", "above", "under", "above", "below", "under", "near", "near", "adjacent", "beside", "close to", "on a side of", etc. to describe the positional relationship between two parts (for example, layers, films, regions, components, segments, etc.), one or more other parts may be located between the two parts, unless more restrictive terms such as "immediately", "directly" or "close to" are used.

[0057] When describing a temporal relationship, for example, when a time sequence is described as "after", "subsequently", "next", "before", "before", "precedes", etc., discontinuities may be included so that one or more other events may occur between them, unless more restrictive terms such as "only", "immediately" or "directly" are used.

[0058] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. can be used in this article to describe various elements (e.g., layers, films, regions, components, sections, members, parts, regions, parts, parts, steps, operations, etc.), these elements should not be limited by these terms, for example, not limited to any particular order, priority or number of elements. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first element can represent the second element, and similarly, the second element can represent the first element. In addition, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, according to the convenience of those skilled in the art, the first element, the second element, etc. can be arbitrarily named. For the sake of clarity, the function or structure of these elements (e.g., the first element, the second element, etc.) is not limited by the ordinal number or name in front of the element. In addition, the first element may include one or more first elements. Similarly, the second element, etc. may include one or more second elements, etc.

[0059] When describing elements of the present disclosure, terms such as "first", "second", "A", "B", "(a)", "(b)", etc. may be used. These terms are intended to distinguish the corresponding elements from other elements, rather than to define the nature, basis, sequence, order or number of the elements.

[0060] When an element (for example, a layer, a film, a region, a component, a segment, etc.) is described as being “connected,” “joined,” “attached,” “bonded,” etc. to another element, the element may not only be directly connected, joined, attached, bonded, etc. to the other element, but may also be indirectly connected, joined, attached, bonded, etc. to the other element with one or more intermediate elements disposed or interposed therebetween, unless otherwise specified.

[0061] The term "at least one" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. For example, each of the phrases "at least one of the first, second, or third item" and "at least one of the first, second, and third items" can represent (i) a combination of items from one or more of the first, second, and third items, or (ii) only one of the first, second, and third items.

[0062] The features of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be coupled or combined with each other in part or in whole, may be technically associated with each other, and may be operated, linked or driven together in various ways. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented or executed independently of each other, or may be implemented or executed together under a mutual dependence or correlation relationship. In one or more embodiments, the components of each device according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be operably coupled and configured.

[0063] In this specification, a "display device" may include, for example, a display device including a liquid crystal module (LCM) and an organic light emitting module (OLED module) including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel. And the display device may include a laptop computer, a television, a computer monitor, a vehicle or an automotive device, or may include other types of vehicles as a complete product or final product including an LCM, an OLED module, etc. It may also include a complete set of electronic equipment or a complete set of equipment, for example, an instrument device, a mobile electronic device such as a smartphone or an electronic tablet (electronic pad).

[0064] Therefore, the display device in this specification may include the display device itself, such as LCM, OLED module, etc., as well as an application product including LCM, OLED module, etc., or a complete set of devices as end-consumer devices.

[0065] In some examples, the LCM and OLED modules consisting of the display panel and the driving unit are represented as "display devices", and the electronic devices as finished products including the LCM and OLED modules can also be individually represented as "sets". For example, the display device can include a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, and a source PCB as a control unit for driving the display panel. The set can also include a set PCB as a set control unit electrically connected to the source PCB and driving the entire set.

[0066] The display panel used in this embodiment may be any type of display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, and an electroluminescent display panel, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the display panel may be a display panel capable of generating sound by vibrating a vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The display panel applied to the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the shape or size of the display panel.

[0067] For example, when the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, it may include a plurality of gate lines, data lines, and pixels formed in the intersection area of ​​the gate lines and the data lines. In addition, it may be configured to include: an array substrate including a thin film transistor as a switching element for controlling the transmittance in each pixel; an upper substrate including a color filter and / or a black matrix; and a liquid crystal layer formed between the array substrate and the upper substrate.

[0068] When the display panel is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, it may include a plurality of gate lines, data lines, and pixels formed in the intersection area of ​​the gate lines and the data lines. And include: an array substrate including a thin film transistor as a device for selectively applying a voltage to each pixel; an organic light emitting diode (OLED) layer located on the array substrate; and an encapsulation substrate disposed on the array substrate to cover the organic light emitting device layer. The encapsulation substrate protects the thin film transistor and the light emitting device layer from external impact, and can prevent moisture or oxygen from penetrating into the light emitting device layer.

[0069] In addition, the layers formed on the array substrate may include an inorganic light emitting layer, for example, a nano-scale material layer and a quantum dot light emitting layer. Another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a micro light emitting diode.

[0070] The display panel may further include a backing, such as a metal plate, attached to the display panel.Other structures may also be included, such as other structures made of other materials.

[0071] Each feature of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be partially or completely combined with each other, and various technical interconnections and implementations are possible. Each embodiment may be implemented independently, in relation to each other, or together.

[0072] In addition, for the convenience of description, the proportion, size, size and thickness of each element shown in the drawings may be different from the actual proportion, size, size and thickness. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the proportion, size, size and thickness shown in the drawings.

[0073] Figure 1 is a view showing a device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] refer to Figure 1 , an apparatus of an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration device 130. The vibration device 130 may be provided or mounted on the vehicle 10 to output a sound S to an interior space (or indoor space) IS of the vehicle (or transportation equipment) 10.

[0075] The vehicle (or transportation equipment) 10 may be a transportation equipment including one or more seats and / or one or more glass windows (or windows). For example, the vehicle (or transportation equipment) 10 may include a wheeled vehicle, a train, a ship, or an aircraft, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0076] A vehicle (or transportation equipment) 10 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a main structure 11 .

[0077] The main structure 11 of the vehicle 10 may include a main frame, a sub-frame, a side frame, a door frame, a chassis, and a seat frame, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the main structure 11 may be a vehicle body, a vehicle structure, or a frame structure, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0078] The vehicle (or transportation equipment) 10 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an exterior material 12 .

[0079] The exterior material 12 of the vehicle 10 may be configured to cover the exterior of the primary structure 11. In the following description, the exterior material 12 may be a vehicle exterior material 12 and may be used interchangeably.

[0080] The exterior materials (or vehicle exterior materials) 12 of the vehicle 10 may include a hood panel, a front fender, an instrument panel, a pillar panel, a trunk panel, a roof panel (or ceiling), a floor, a door inner panel, a door outer panel, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0081] The outer material 12 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a planar portion (or flat portion) and an arc portion (or curved portion or uneven portion). For example, the outer material 12 may have a structure corresponding to that of the corresponding main structure 11, or may have a structure different from that of the corresponding main structure 11.

[0082] The vehicle (or traffic equipment) 10 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a vehicle interior material 13. In the following description, the vehicle interior material 13 may be an interior material 13 and may be used interchangeably.

[0083] The vehicle interior material 13 may include all elements (or components) constituting the interior of the vehicle 10, or may include all elements (or components) disposed in the interior space IS of the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 may be an interior member or interior decoration material of the vehicle 10, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0084] The vehicle interior material 13 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured to cover one or more of the main structure 11 and the exterior material 12 in the interior space (or interior) IS of the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 may cover one or more of the main structure 11 and the exterior material 12 in the interior space IS of the vehicle 10, and may be configured to be exposed to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10.

[0085] The vehicle interior material 13 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured to be exposed to the interior and / or interior space IS of the vehicle 10 in the interior and / or interior space IS of the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 may be configured to cover one or more surfaces (or inner surfaces) of at least one of a main frame (or body), a side frame (or side), a door frame (or door body), a steering wheel frame (or steering hub), and a seat frame that are exposed to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle interior materials 13 may include an instrument panel, pillar interior materials (or pillar trims), floor interior materials (or floor carpets), roof interior materials (or ceiling interior trims), door interior materials (or door trims), steering wheel interior materials (or steering wheel covers), seat interior materials, rear panel interior materials (or rear seat frames), top consoles (or lighting interior materials), rearview mirrors, glove boxes, and sun visors, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle interior material 13 may include one or more materials of metal, wood, rubber, plastic, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, mirror, leather and carbon, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The vehicle interior material 13 including plastic material may be an injection molding material realized by an injection molding process using a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The vehicle interior material 13 including fiber material may include at least one of plastic composite fiber, carbon fiber (or aramid fiber) and natural fiber, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The vehicle interior material 13 including fiber material may include a fabric sheet, a woven sheet or a non-woven fabric, etc., but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, paper may be a cone paper for a speaker. For example, the cone may be pulp or foam plastic, etc., but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The vehicle interior material 13 including leather material may include natural leather or artificial leather, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0088] The vehicle interior material 13 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a plane portion (or flat portion) and an arc portion (or curved portion or uneven portion). For example, the vehicle interior material 13 may have a structure corresponding to the structure (or inner surface structure) of the corresponding main structure 11, or may have a structure different from the structure of the corresponding main structure 11.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration device 130 may be provided at the vehicle interior material 13. The vibration device 130 may vibrate the vehicle interior material 13 to generate a sound S based on the vibration of the vehicle interior material 13. For example, the vibration device 130 may directly vibrate the vehicle interior material 13 to generate a sound S based on the vibration of the vehicle interior material 13. For example, the vibration device 130 may be configured to vibrate the vehicle interior material 13 to output the sound S to the interior or interior space IS of the vehicle 10. Therefore, the vibration device 130 may use the vehicle interior material 13 as a sound-generating vibration plate, a sound-generating membrane, or an acoustic membrane. The vehicle interior material 13 may be a vibration plate, a sound-generating vibration plate, or a sound-generating plate for outputting the sound S. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 may have a larger size than the vibration device 130, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0090] For example, the vibration device 130 can be set at at least one of the instrument panel, the pillar inner material, the floor inner material, the roof inner material, the door inner material, the steering wheel inner material and the seat inner material, or can be connected (or joined) to at least one of the rear panel inner material, the top console, the rearview mirror, the glove box and the sun visor.

[0091] The vehicle 10 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one vibration device. The vibration device 130 for the vehicle may vibrate the corresponding vehicle interior material 13 through at least one of the at least one vibration device 130 provided at the vehicle interior material 13, so as to output a realistic sound S and / or a stereo including multi-channels to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10.

[0092] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may be disposed in an area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the main structure 11, or may be disposed in an area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the exterior material 12. The vibration device 130 may be disposed in an area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the main structure 11, or may be disposed in an area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the exterior material 12, and may indirectly or directly vibrate one or more of the area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the main structure 11 and the area between the vehicle interior material 13 and the exterior material 12 to output sound.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may be disposed at one or more of the area between the main structure 11 and the external material 12, the area between the main structure 11 and the vehicle interior material 13, the external material 12, and the vehicle interior material 13. For example, the vibration device 130 may be disposed at one or more of the area between the main structure 11 and the external material 12, the area between the main structure 11 and the vehicle interior material 13, the external material 12, and the vehicle interior material 13, and may be configured to output sound. For example, the vibration device 130 may be disposed at one or more of the area between the main structure 11 and the external material 12, the area between the main structure 11 and the vehicle interior material 13, the external material 12, and the vehicle interior material 13, and may indirectly or directly vibrate one or more of the area between the main structure 11 and the external material 12, the area between the main structure 11 and the vehicle interior material 13, the external material 12, and the vehicle interior material 13 to output sound. For example, the vibration device 130 may be disposed in an area between the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13, and may indirectly or directly vibrate one or more of the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 to output sound. For example, the vibration device 130 may be disposed at at least one of the exterior material 12, the vehicle interior material 13, and an area between the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the exterior material 12, the vehicle interior material 13, and an area between the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 may output sound based on the vibration of the vibration device 130.

[0094] The vibration device 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may output sound in a region between the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 of the vehicle 10. For example, the vibration device 130 may be connected or joined to one or more of the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 in the region between the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13, and may indirectly or directly vibrate one or more of the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 to output sound.

[0095] One or more of the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 of the vehicle 10 may be a vibration plate, a sounding vibration plate, a sounding plate, etc. configured to output sound. For example, each of the exterior material 12 and the vehicle interior material 13 configured to output sound may have a larger size than the vibration device 130, and thus may perform the function of a large-area vibration plate, a large-area sounding vibration plate, or a large-area sounding plate, thereby enhancing the sound characteristics and / or sound pressure level characteristics of the sound frequency band including the bass band generated by the vibration device 130. For example, the frequency of the sound in the bass band may be below 300 Hz, below 400 Hz, or below 500 Hz, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0096] Figure 2 is a view showing a device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 shows that by modifying the above reference Figure 1 The vibration device described herein is implemented as an embodiment of the vehicle interior material. Therefore, in the following description, repeated descriptions of elements other than the vehicle interior material are omitted or briefly given.

[0097] refer to Figure 2 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may vibrate the vehicle interior material 13 including one or more materials of metal, wood, rubber, plastic, carbon, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, mirror, and leather to output the sound S. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0098] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle interior material 13 may include a base member 13a and an outer member (or surface member) 13b. For example, the base member 13a may be an injection molding material, a first interior material, an inner interior material, or a rear interior material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The outer member 13b may be a second interior material, an outer interior material, a front interior material, an outer surface member, a reinforcing member, or a decorative member, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0099] The base member 13a may include a plastic material. The base member 13a according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include an injection molding material. For example, the base member 13a may be an injection molding material realized by an injection molding process using a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The vehicle interior material 13 or the base member 13a may be configured to cover the interior of the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 or the base member 13a may be configured to cover one or more of the main structure 11 and the external material 12 in the interior space IS of the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle interior material 13 or the base member 13a may be configured to cover a surface (or inner surface) of at least one of the main frame, the side frame, the door frame, and the steering wheel frame exposed to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10.

[0100] The base member 13a may include at least one of a planar portion and a curved portion. For example, the base member 13a may have a structure corresponding to the structure (or rear structure) of the corresponding main structure 11, or may have a structure different from the structure of the corresponding main structure 11.

[0101] The outer member 13b may be disposed on the base member 13a. For example, the outer member 13b may be disposed to cover the base member 13a. The outer member 13b may cover the base member 13a of the interior or interior space IS of the vehicle 10, and may be configured to be exposed to the interior or interior space IS of the vehicle 10. For example, the outer member 13b may be disposed on or joined to the front surface (or inner surface) of the base member 13a exposed to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle interior material 13 may include any one or more materials of plastic, glass, fiber, leather, cloth, rubber, mirror, wood, paper, carbon and metal, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the outer member 13b may be a fiber material. For example, the outer member 13b containing the fiber material may include at least one of synthetic fiber, carbon fiber (or aramid fiber) and natural fiber, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the outer member 13b containing the fiber material may be a fabric sheet, a woven sheet or a non-woven fabric, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the outer member 13b containing the fiber material may be a cloth member, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0103] For example, the surface member 13b of the fiber material may include at least one of a synthetic fiber, a carbon fiber (or an aramid fiber) and a natural fiber, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The synthetic fiber may be a thermoplastic resin, and may include a polyolefin-based fiber (which is an environmentally friendly material that releases relatively few harmful substances). For example, the polyolefin-based fiber may include a polyethylene fiber, a polypropylene fiber or a polyethylene terephthalate fiber, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The polyolefin-based fiber may be a fiber of a single resin or a fiber of a core-shell structure, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The natural fiber may be a composite fiber of one or more of jute fiber, kenaf fiber, banana fiber, coconut fiber and wood fiber, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0104] The vibration device 130 may be covered by the vehicle interior material 13. The vibration device 130 may be configured to vibrate the vehicle interior material 13 including the base member 13a and the outer member 13b to output the sound S to the interior of the vehicle 10 and / or the interior space IS.

[0105] The vibration device 130 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may output sound S to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10 using the vehicle interior material 13 as a vibration plate or a sound-generating vibration plate, and may output realistic sound S or stereo including multi-channels to the interior space IS of the vehicle 10 .

[0106] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may be configured to be surrounded by a housing, a space may be provided between the vibration device 130 and the housing, and sound (or sound pressure level) may be output based on the vibration of the vehicle interior material 13 based on the air between the sound device and the housing.

[0107] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle interior material 13 may be a vibration member. The vibration member may generate vibration or output sound (or sound waves) according to the displacement (or drive) of the vibration device 130. The vibration member may be a vibration object, a sign panel, a passive vibration plate, a front surface member, a vibration panel, a display panel, a sounding plate, a sounding panel, a passive vibration panel, a sounding output plate, or a sounding vibration plate, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0108] For example, when the vibration member is a display panel, the display panel may display an image, such as an electronic image or a digital image. For example, the display panel may display an image by outputting light. The display panel may be any type of display panel or curved display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light-emitting display panel, a quantum dot light-emitting display panel, a micro light-emitting diode display panel, and an electrophoretic display panel. The display panel may be a flexible display panel. For example, the display panel may be a flexible light-emitting display panel, a flexible electrophoretic display panel, a flexible electrowetting display panel, a flexible micro light-emitting diode display panel, or a flexible quantum dot light-emitting display panel, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0109] The vibration device 130 may be disposed on the rear surface (or back surface) of the display panel (or vibration member). For example, the vibration device 130 may vibrate the display panel (or vibration member) on the rear surface of the display panel (or vibration member), whereby the vibration device 130 may provide sound and / or tactile feedback to the user based on the vibration of the display panel (or vibration member). The vibration device 130 may be implemented on the rear surface of the display panel (or vibration member) to directly vibrate the display panel (or vibration member). For example, the vibration device 130 may be a vibration generating device, a displacement device, a sound generating device, or a sound generating device, but is not limited thereto.

[0110] As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may vibrate according to a vibration drive signal synchronized with an image displayed on the display panel, thereby vibrating the display panel. According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may be disposed on the display panel, and may vibrate according to a tactile feedback signal (or tactile feedback signal) synchronized with a user touch on a touch panel (or touch sensor layer) embedded in the display panel, thereby vibrating the display panel. Therefore, the display panel may vibrate according to the vibration of the vibration device 130, and may provide at least one of sound and tactile feedback to the user (or viewer).

[0111] The vibration device 130 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of a thin film. Since the vibration device 130 is implemented in the form of a thin film, its thickness may be less than the thickness of the display panel, thereby minimizing the increase in thickness of the display device caused by the arrangement of the vibration device 130. For example, the vibration device 130 may be a sound module, a sound device, a vibration generating device, a displacement device, a sound device, a thin film actuator, a thin film piezoelectric composite actuator, a thin film speaker, a thin film piezoelectric speaker, or a thin film piezoelectric composite speaker using a display panel as a sound vibration plate, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0112] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may be applied to a non-display panel instead of a display panel. For example, the non-display panel may be one or more of metal, plastic, fiber, leather, wood, cloth, rubber, carbon, glass, paper, vehicle interior decoration material, vehicle ceiling material, vehicle exterior material, building indoor ceiling, and aircraft interior decoration material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In this case, the non-display panel may be used as a vibration plate, and the vibration device 130 may output sound by vibrating the non-display panel.

[0113] For example, the vibration component according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a display panel with pixels for displaying an image, or may include a non-display panel. For example, the vibration component may include a display panel with pixels for displaying an image, or may be one or more of metal, plastic, fiber, leather, wood, cloth, rubber, carbon, glass, paper, vehicle interior decoration material, vehicle ceiling material, vehicle exterior material, vehicle window, building interior ceiling, building window, building interior decoration material, aircraft interior decoration material and aircraft glass window, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, paper may be a paper cone of a speaker. For example, the paper cone may be pulp or foam plastic, etc., but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the vibration component may include a display panel with pixels for displaying an image, a screen panel projecting an image from a display device, a lighting panel, a sign panel, a vehicle interior decoration material, a vehicle ceiling material, a vehicle window, a vehicle exterior material, a building ceiling material, a building interior material, a building window, an aircraft interior material, an aircraft window, and a mirror, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle, an aircraft or a train, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the non-display panel may be a light-emitting diode lighting panel (or device), an organic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), or an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the vibration member may include a display panel having pixels for displaying an image, or may be one or more of a light-emitting diode lighting panel (or device), an organic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), or an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0114] Figure 3 is a view showing a vibration device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line II'. Figure 5 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 A cross-sectional view taken along line II-II'. Figure 6 is a graph showing the phase transition temperature and the piezoelectric constant of the vibration element according to the experimental example of the present disclosure.

[0115] refer to Figures 3 to 5 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may include a piezoelectric material having piezoelectric characteristics. The vibration device 130 may be configured as a ceramic-based piezoelectric material for achieving relatively strong vibration, or may be configured as a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0116] The vibration device 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration part 131 .

[0117] The vibration part 131 may be configured to vibrate by a piezoelectric effect based on a driving signal. The vibration part 131 may include at least one of a piezoelectric inorganic material and a piezoelectric organic material. For example, the vibration part 131 may be a vibration device, a piezoelectric device, a piezoelectric device part, a piezoelectric device layer, a piezoelectric structure, a piezoelectric vibration part, a piezoelectric vibration layer, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0118] The vibration part 131 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration layer 131 a , a first electrode layer 131 b , and a second electrode layer 131 c .

[0119] The vibration layer 131a may include a piezoelectric material or an electroactive material that includes a piezoelectric effect. For example, a piezoelectric material may have the following characteristics: when an external force applies pressure or distortion to a crystal structure, a potential difference is generated due to dielectric polarization caused by a change in the relative positions of positive (+) ions and negative (-) ions, and vibration is generated by an electric field based on an applied reverse voltage. For example, the vibration layer 131a may be a piezoelectric layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an electroactive layer, a piezoelectric composite layer, a piezoelectric composite material, or a piezoelectric ceramic composite material, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0120] The vibration layer 131a may be configured as a ceramic-based material for achieving relatively strong vibration, or may be configured as a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite crystal structure may have a piezoelectric effect and / or an inverse piezoelectric effect, and may be a plate-like structure having an orientation.

[0121] The first electrode layer 131b may be disposed on a first surface (or upper surface or front surface) 131s1 of the vibration layer 131a. The first electrode layer 131b may have the same size as the vibration layer 131a, or may have a smaller size than the vibration layer 131a.

[0122] The second electrode layer 131c may be disposed on a second surface (or lower surface or rear surface) 131s2 of the vibration layer 131a that is opposite to or different from the first surface 131s1. The second electrode layer 131c may have the same size as the vibration layer 131a, or may have a smaller size than the vibration layer 131a. For example, the second electrode layer 131c may have the same shape as the vibration layer 131a, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0123] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to prevent an electrical short circuit between the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c, each of the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c may be formed on other portions of the vibration layer 131a except the peripheral portion. For example, the first electrode layer 131b may be formed on the entire first surface 131s1 of the vibration layer 131a except the peripheral portion. For example, the second electrode layer 131c may be formed on the entire second surface 131s2 of the vibration layer 131a except the peripheral portion. For example, the distance between the side surface (or side wall) of each of the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c and the side surface (or side wall) of the vibration layer 131a may be at least 0.5 mm or more. For example, the distance between the side surface of each of the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c and the side surface of the vibration layer 131a may be at least 1 mm or more, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0124] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more of the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c may be formed of a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the transparent conductive material or the semi-transparent conductive material may include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The opaque conductive material may include gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), carbon, or silver (Ag) containing glass frit, etc., or may be formed of an alloy thereof, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In addition, in order to enhance the electrical characteristics and / or vibration characteristics of the vibration layer 131a, each of the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c may include silver (Ag) having a low resistivity. In addition, the carbon may be carbon black, ketjen black, carbon nanotubes, and a carbon material containing graphite, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0125] The vibration layer 131a may be polarized by applying a certain voltage to the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c in a certain temperature atmosphere or in a temperature atmosphere that can be changed from high temperature to room temperature, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the polarization direction formed in the vibration layer 131a may be formed or arranged from the first electrode layer 131b to the second electrode layer 131c, but is not limited thereto, and the polarization direction formed in the vibration layer 131a may also be arranged or arranged from the second electrode layer 131c to the first electrode layer 131b.

[0126] The vibration layer 131a may alternately and repeatedly contract and / or expand to vibrate based on the inverse piezoelectric effect according to the driving signal applied from the outside to the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c. For example, the vibration layer 131a may vibrate in a vertical direction (or thickness direction) and a planar direction by the driving signal applied to the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c. The vibration layer 131a may be displaced (or vibrated or driven) by contraction and / or expansion in the planar direction, thereby improving the sound characteristics and / or sound pressure level characteristics of the vibration device 130.

[0127] The vibration device 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a cover member 133 .

[0128] The cover member 133 may be configured to cover at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the vibration part 131. The cover member 133 may be configured to protect at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the vibration part 131. For example, the first surface of the vibration part 131 may be a front surface, a top surface, or an upper surface. For example, the second surface of the vibration part 131 may be a rear surface, a back surface, or a lower surface opposite to the first surface. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cover member 133 may surround the vibration part 131.

[0129] The cover member 133 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first cover member 133 a .

[0130] The first cover member 133a may be disposed on the first surface of the vibration portion 131. For example, the first cover member 133a may be configured to cover the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration portion 131. For example, the first cover member 133a may be configured to have a larger size than the vibration portion 131. The first cover member 133a may be configured to protect the first surface of the vibration portion 131 and the first electrode layer 131b.

[0131] The first cover member 133a according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include an adhesive layer. For example, the first cover member 133a may include a base film and an adhesive layer, the adhesive layer being located in the base film and connected or bonded to the first surface of the vibration part 131. In addition, the adhesive layer may contain an electrically insulating material having an adhesive property and capable of compression and decompression.

[0132] The first cover member 133a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may be connected or bonded to the first surface of the vibration part 131 through the first adhesive layer 133b. For example, the first cover member 133a may be connected or bonded to the first surface of the vibration part 131 or the first electrode layer 131b through the first adhesive layer 133b. In addition, the first cover member 133a may be connected or bonded to the first surface of the vibration part 131 or the first electrode layer 131b through a thin film lamination process via the first adhesive layer 133b. The first adhesive layer 133b may be configured to surround the entire first surface and a portion of the side surface (or side) of the vibration part 131.

[0133] The cover member 133 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a second adhesive layer 133 c .

[0134] The second adhesive layer 133c may be disposed on the second surface of the vibration part 131. The second adhesive layer 133c may be configured to cover the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration part 131. The second adhesive layer 133c may be configured to protect the second surface and the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration part 131. In addition, the second adhesive layer 133c may be configured to surround the entire second surface and a portion of the side surface (or side) of the vibration part 131. For example, the second adhesive layer 133c may be a protective layer or a protective member.

[0135] The second adhesive layer 133c may be connected or bonded to the first adhesive layer 133b in the side surface (or side) of the vibration part 131 or the outer peripheral portion of the first cover member 133a. Therefore, the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c may be configured to surround or completely surround the vibration part 131. For example, the vibration part 131 may be inserted (or accommodated) or embedded (or built-in) inside the adhesive layer including the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c.

[0136] The cover member 133 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a second cover member 133 d , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0137] The second cover member 133d may be disposed on the second surface of the vibration portion 131. For example, the second cover member 133d may be configured to cover the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131. For example, the second cover member 133d may be configured to have a larger size than the vibration portion 131, and may be configured to have the same size as the vibration portion 131. The second cover member 133d may be configured to protect the second surface of the vibration portion 131 and the second electrode layer 131c.

[0138] The first cover member 133 a and the second cover member 133 d according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include the same material or different materials.

[0139] The second cover member 133d may be connected or bonded to the second surface of the vibration part 131 or the second electrode layer 131c through the second adhesive layer 133c. In addition, the second cover member 133d may be connected or bonded to the second surface of the vibration part 131 or the second electrode layer 131c through a thin film lamination process via the second adhesive layer 133c.

[0140] The vibration part 131 may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d. For example, the vibration part 131 may be inserted (or accommodated) or embedded (or built-in) inside the adhesive layer including the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c.

[0141] Each of the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include an electrically insulating material having adhesive properties and capable of compression and decompression. For example, each of the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c may include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, polyurethane resin, pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), optically clear adhesive (OCA) or optically clear resin (OCR), etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0142] The first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c may be disposed between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d and surround the vibration part 131. For example, one or more of the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c may be disposed to surround the vibration part 131.

[0143] The vibration device 130 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a signal supply member 137 .

[0144] The signal supply member 137 may be configured to supply a driving signal supplied from the driving circuit unit to the vibration part 131. The signal supply member 137 may be configured to be electrically connected to the vibration part 131. The signal supply member 137 may be configured to be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration part 131.

[0145] A portion of the signal supply member 137 may be accommodated (or interposed) between the cover member 133 and the vibration part 131. For example, a portion of the signal supply member 137 may be accommodated (or interposed) between the first surface of the vibration part 131 and the first cover member 133a. For example, a portion of the signal supply member 137 may be accommodated (or interposed) between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d.

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an end portion (or a distal portion or one side) of the signal supply member 137 may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between one peripheral portion of the cover member 133 and the vibration portion 131. For example, an end portion (or a distal portion or one side) of the signal supply member 137 may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between one peripheral portion of the first cover member 133a and the first surface of the vibration portion 131.

[0147] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the end (or distal portion or one side or a portion) of the signal supply member 137 may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between a peripheral portion of the first cover member 133a and a peripheral portion of the second cover member 133d. A peripheral portion of the first cover member 133a and a peripheral portion of the second cover member 133d may accommodate or cover the end (or distal portion or one side) of the signal supply member 137 in the vertical direction (or in the up-down direction). Therefore, the signal supply member 137 may be integrated with the vibration device 130. For example, the signal supply member 137 may be configured as a signal cable, a flexible cable, a flexible printed circuit cable, a flexible flat cable, a single-sided flexible printed circuit, a single-sided flexible printed circuit board, a flexible multilayer printed circuit, or a flexible multilayer printed circuit board, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0148] The signal supply member 137 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a base member 137a and a plurality of signal lines 137b and 137c. For example, the signal supply member 137 may include a base member 137a, a first signal line 137b, and a second signal line 137c.

[0149] The base member 137a may include a transparent or opaque plastic material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The base member 137a may have a certain width along the first direction X, and may extend longer along a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X.

[0150] The first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c may be disposed on the first surface of the base member 137a in parallel with the second direction Y, and may be spaced apart from each other or electrically separated from each other along the first direction X. The first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c may be disposed on the first surface of the base member 137a in parallel with each other. For example, the first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c may be implemented in a linear shape by patterning a metal layer (or a conductive layer) formed or deposited on the first surface of the base member 137a.

[0151] Ends (or distal end portions or one side) of the first signal line 137 b and the second signal line 137 c may be spaced apart from each other and thus may be individually bent or curved.

[0152] By being spaced apart from each other, ends (or distal end portions or one side) of the first signal line 137 b and the second signal line 137 c may be individually bent or folded.

[0153] The end (or distal end portion or one side or part) of the first signal line 137b may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration part 131. For example, the end of the first signal line 137b may be electrically connected to at least a portion of the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration part 131 in one peripheral portion of the first cover member 133a. For example, the end (or distal end portion or one side or part) of the first signal line 137b may be directly electrically connected to at least a portion of the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration part 131. For example, the end (or distal end portion or one side or part) of the first signal line 137b may be electrically connected to or directly contact the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration part 131. For example, the end of the first signal line 137b may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 131b by a conductive double-sided tape. Therefore, the first signal line 137b may be configured to supply the first drive signal supplied from the drive circuit part to the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration part 131.

[0154] The end (or distal end portion or one side or a portion) of the second signal line 137c may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131. For example, the end of the second signal line 137c may be electrically connected to at least a portion of the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131 in one peripheral portion of the second cover member 133d. For example, the end of the second signal line 137c may be directly electrically connected to at least a portion of the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131. For example, the end of the second signal line 137c may be electrically connected to or directly contact the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131. For example, the end of the second signal line 137c may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 131c by a conductive double-sided tape. Therefore, the second signal line 137c may be configured to supply the second drive signal supplied from the drive circuit portion to the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131.

[0155] The signal supply member 137 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an insulating layer 137 d .

[0156] An insulating layer 137 d may be disposed on the first surface of the base member 137 a to cover each of the first signal line 137 b and the second signal line 137 c except for an end portion (or one side) of the signal supply member 137 .

[0157] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an end (or one side or a portion) of the signal supply member 137 including an end (or one side or a portion) of the base member 137a and an end (or one side or a portion) of the insulating layer 137d 137da may be inserted (or accommodated) between the cover member 133 and the vibration portion 131, and may be fixed between the cover member 133 and the vibration portion 131 by a first adhesive layer 133b and a second adhesive layer 133c.

[0158] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, an end (or one side) of the signal supply member 137 including an end (or one side or a portion) of the base member 137a and an end (or one side or a portion) 137da of the insulating layer 137d may be inserted (or accommodated) between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d, and may be fixed between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d by the first adhesive layer 133b and the second adhesive layer 133c. Therefore, an end (or one side or a portion) of the first signal line 137b may remain electrically connected to the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration portion 131, and an end (or one side or a portion) of the second signal line 137c may remain electrically connected to the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131. In addition, an end (or one side or a portion) of the signal supply member 137 can be inserted (or accommodated) and fixed between the vibration portion 131 and the first cover member 133a, thereby preventing contact defects between the vibration device 130 and the signal supply member 137 caused by movement of the signal supply member 137.

[0159] In the signal supply member 137 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the end (or one side) of the base member 137a and the end (or one side or part) 137da of the insulating layer 137d may be removed. For example, each of the end of the first signal line 137b and the end of the second signal line 137c may be exposed to the outside without being supported or covered by each of the end (or one side or part) 137da of the base member 137a and the end (or one side or part) of the insulating layer 137d, respectively. In addition, the end (or one side or part) of each of the first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c may protrude (or extend) a certain length from the end of the base member 137a or the end of the insulating layer 137d. Therefore, each end (or distal end portion or one side or part) of each of the first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c may be bent individually or independently.

[0160] An end portion (or one side or a portion) of the first signal line 137b that is not supported by an end portion (or one side or a portion) 137da of the base member 137a and an end portion (or one side or a portion) 137da of the insulating layer 137d may be directly connected to or directly contact the first electrode layer 131b of the vibration portion 131. An end portion (or one side or a portion) of the second signal line 137c that is not supported by an end portion (or one side or a portion) 137da of the base member 137a and an end portion (or one side or a portion) 137da of the insulating layer 137d may be directly connected to or directly contact the second electrode layer 131c of the vibration portion 131.

[0161] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a portion of the signal supply member 137 or a portion of the base member 137a may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between the cover member 133 and the vibration portion 131, and thus, the signal supply member 137 may be integrated with the vibration portion 131. In addition, a portion of the signal supply member 137 or a portion of the base member 137a may be disposed or inserted (or accommodated) between the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d, and thus, the signal supply member 137 may be integrated with the vibration device 130. Therefore, the vibration device 130 and the signal supply member 137 may be configured as one component (or one element or one component), and thus, a uni-materialization effect may be obtained.

[0162] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first signal line 137b and the second signal line 137c of the signal supply member 137 may be integrated with the vibration device 130, and thus, no welding process is required for electrical connection between the vibration device 130 and the signal supply member 137. Therefore, the manufacturing process and structure of the vibration device 130 may be simplified, and hazards associated with the welding process may be reduced.

[0163] The piezoelectric material included in the vibration layer 131a according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a perovskite crystal structure. In the perovskite crystal structure, the polarization is changed by the position change of the central ion caused by external stress or magnetic field, and a piezoelectric effect can be generated according to the change of polarization. For example, the perovskite crystal structure can be transformed from a symmetrical structure such as a cubic shape to an asymmetrical structure such as a tetragonal, orthorhombic and rhombohedral shape by external stress or magnetic field, thereby generating a piezoelectric effect.

[0164] The piezoelectric material may have a piezoelectric constant (or piezoelectric deformation coefficient) d representing the degree of deformation or piezoelectric characteristics according to a voltage applied from the outside. 33Since a piezoelectric material having a large piezoelectric constant can generate a large vibration even at a small voltage, the power consumption of the device to which the vibration part 131 of the piezoelectric material is applied can be reduced. In addition, since a piezoelectric material having a large piezoelectric constant can generate a large vibration even with a small thickness, the thickness of the device to which the vibration part 131 of the piezoelectric material is applied can be reduced.

[0165] In piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric constant d represents the piezoelectric properties. 33 May be affected by the phase transition temperature T C impact.

[0166] refer to Figure 6 , phase transition temperature T C and piezoelectric constant d 33 Can have an inversely proportional relationship. For example, the phase transition temperature T C It can be the temperature of phase transition from tetragonal phase to cubic phase. Phase transition temperature T C The piezoelectric material has a phase transition temperature T C It can have lower piezoelectric properties at a temperature lower than or equal to the phase transition temperature T C The piezoelectric properties of the material may gradually disappear with long-term storage and use.

[0167] In order to improve the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric constant d 33 It may require more than 800pC / N. Figure 6 , with the piezoelectric constant d 33 Increase, phase transition temperature T C For example, in order to C The piezoelectric properties can be maintained at a temperature of 50% to 70%. C Therefore, the piezoelectric constant d 33 The phase transition temperature T may be about 500 pC / N to 600 pC / N. C A piezoelectric material having a temperature above 200°C can be constructed, but a high voltage should be applied to have a high sound pressure characteristic. In order to solve this problem, the thickness of the vibration device can be formed to be thinner, however, the electric field can be enhanced, and the vibration elements constituting the multiple vibration parts can be configured to compensate for the low vibration characteristics (or vibration force) caused by the thinned thickness. The vibration elements constituting the multiple vibration parts have a very high Young's modulus of the vibration elements, so that the reproduction frequency band of the sound is limited to the high frequency band. In order to apply the vibration element to the field of transportation equipment, a piezoelectric material as a vibration part that can maintain piezoelectric characteristics at high temperatures (for example, at a temperature above 110°C) should be formed. Therefore, there is a problem that a piezoelectric material with a high phase transition temperature cannot be constructed while having the desired piezoelectric characteristics.

[0168] Figure 7 Sound output characteristics of a device according to an experimental example of the present disclosure are shown.

[0169] The sound output characteristics can be measured by a sound analysis device in an anechoic chamber. The sound analysis device may include: a sound card for sending sound to and receiving sound from a control PC; an amplifier for amplifying the sound generated by the sound card and sending it to a vibration device; and a microphone for collecting the sound generated by the drive of the vibration device in the display panel. For example, the microphone may be located at a position 50 cm from the front of the vibration device in the display panel. The sound or frequency response collected by the microphone is input to the control PC through the sound card and checked in the control program to analyze the sound output characteristics of the vibration device. For example, a pulse program can be used to measure the sound pressure characteristics in a frequency range of about 100 Hz to about 20 kHz. The sound output characteristic method does not limit the content of the present disclosure.

[0170] Figure 7 The dotted line represents the sound output characteristics of the vibration device. Figure 7 The solid line represents the sound output characteristics of the vibration device after 100 hours. Figure 7 In FIG. 1 , the horizontal axis represents frequency Hz (Hertz) and the vertical axis represents sound pressure level dB (decibel).

[0171] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the second adhesive layer 133c and the second cover member 133d can protect the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a from external impact or pollution. The second adhesive layer 133c and the second cover member 133d can be attached to the rear surface of the vibration member or the vehicle interior material (or external material). For example, when the second adhesive layer 133c and the second cover member 133d are integrally configured to form a layer of adhesive, the adhesive can be made of a thermoplastic adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA. Thermoplastic adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives PSA may soften when exposed to high temperatures. Since the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a repeatedly shrinks and / or expands according to the signal (or voltage) applied from the outside and continuously generates vibration displacement, the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a can be spaced apart from the adhesive that is a thermoplastic adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA. Therefore, the signal supply member 137 for applying a signal to the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a can also be spaced apart from the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a. Therefore, there may be a problem that cracks occur in the vibration layer 131a. If a large vibration displacement is generated by applying a high voltage in a state where cracks occur in the vibration layer 131a, the first electrode layer 131b and the second electrode layer 131c come close to each other, thereby causing burnout in the vibration part 131.

[0172] refer to Figure 7 , if the signal supply member 137 is spaced apart from the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131 a , a signal is not applied, and thus the sound pressure is reduced.

[0173] For example, at 300 Hz to 8 kHz, the dotted line is about 71.70 dB sound pressure, and the solid line corresponding to the sound pressure after 100 hours is about 64.60 dB. Therefore, it can be seen that the sound pressure after 100 hours is about 7.10 dB lower than the initial sound pressure.

[0174] For example, at 200 Hz to 20 kHz, the dotted line is about 73.50 dB sound pressure, and the solid line corresponding to the sound pressure after 100 hours is about 55.20 dB. Therefore, it can be seen that the sound pressure after 100 hours is about 18.33 dB lower than the initial sound pressure.

[0175] Therefore, in order to construct a piezoelectric material with high piezoelectric properties and a high phase transition temperature and to form a piezoelectric material that can be reliable at high temperatures, the inventors of the present disclosure have conducted various studies and experiments. Through various studies and experiments, a piezoelectric material with high piezoelectric properties, a high phase transition temperature, and reliability at high temperatures was constructed.

[0176] The vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131 a according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material.

[0177] An electrostrictive material is a material that is severely deformed by an applied electric field (or voltage) and has a high dielectric constant, however, may have a low piezoelectric constant and a low phase transition temperature.

[0178] When the vibration device is composed of only a piezoelectric material, it has a small displacement of the order of "nm". Therefore, when applied to large equipment, etc., there is a problem that it is difficult to have the desired sound pressure characteristics.

[0179] When the ratio of the electrostrictive material becomes higher than the ratio of the piezoelectric material, the dielectric constant increases, so the piezoelectric constant can be increased. Since the piezoelectric constant is inversely proportional to the phase transition temperature, the phase transition temperature decreases. Therefore, there is a problem that it cannot be applied to fields such as vehicles that require reliability at high temperatures.

[0180] The inventors of the present disclosure have conducted various studies and experiments on the ratio of the electrostrictive material and the piezoelectric material. Through various studies and experiments, the ratio of the electrostrictive material and the piezoelectric material has been obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide a device that has stable characteristics in various application fields including the application of the vibration device and does not change the phase transition temperature T in the entire temperature range including high temperature. C A vibration device of a vibration part or a vibration layer.

[0181] The electrostrictive material according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include materials represented by Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 below.

[0182] [Chemical formula 1]

[0183] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O 3

[0184] [Chemical formula 2]

[0185] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O 3

[0186] In Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25 and 0.05≤b≤0.25 are satisfied.

[0187] The piezoelectric material according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include materials represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 below.

[0188] [Chemical formula 3]

[0189] (Pb A-B C B )(Zr c ) 3

[0190] [Chemical formula 4]

[0191] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d ) 3

[0192] In Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and satisfies 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.10≤c≤0.50 and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0193] The vibration part according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a material represented by Chemical Formula 5 below.

[0194] [Chemical formula 5]

[0195] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b (Zr c Ti d ))O 3

[0196] In Chemical Formula 5, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and satisfies a+b+c+d=1, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50 and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0197] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the piezoelectric materials of Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 can be divided into a rhombohedral phase, an orthorhombic phase, a tetragonal phase, and a monoclinic phase at room temperature. For example, the crystal structure can be determined according to the ratio of "c" to "d" in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4. The crystal structure determined according to the ratio of "c" to "d" changes from a rhombohedral phase to a tetragonal phase, and from a tetragonal phase to a cubic phase. In addition, the piezoelectric properties change at a temperature at which the crystal structure changes. Therefore, the piezoelectric material should be formed to have a phase transition temperature T C The crystal structure does not change.

[0198] In Formula 3 and Formula 4, "c" and "d" may be configured to have the same value or different values. For example, when the value of "d" is greater than "c", it has a high phase transition temperature T C , so that the change in piezoelectric characteristics can be reduced as the temperature increases. When the value of "c" is greater than "d", the piezoelectric material can have a rhombohedral structure and may have unstable characteristics as the temperature increases compared to the case when the value of "d" is greater than "c". When the value of "d" is greater than "c", it may have piezoelectric characteristics at the phase transition temperature T C More stable properties that do not change below. For example, "c" can be 0.25 to 0.37. For example, "d" can be 0.30 to 0.40.

[0199] For example, in the case of rhombohedral phase, orthorhombic phase, tetragonal phase and monoclinic phase, when the phase transition temperature T C When the crystal structure is changed to an unstable state, the crystal structure may become unstable. In contrast, in the case of a pseudo cubic phase, the crystal may have a structure with a smaller crystal phase transition than other crystal structures. The electrostrictive material of Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may have a pseudo cubic crystal structure. The electrostrictive material may be a relaxor, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0200] For example, in Chemical Formula 2, "D" may be one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), and cobalt (Co). "E" may be niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta). For example, if "D" is nickel (Ni) and "E" is niobium (Nb), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b O 3 For example, when "D" is manganese (Mn) and "E" is niobium (Nb), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Mn 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b O 3 For example, when "D" is magnesium (Mg) and "E" is niobium (Nb), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b O 3 For example, when "D" is nickel (Ni) and "E" is tantalum (Ta), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Ni 1 / 3 Ta 2 / 3 ) b O 3 For example, when "D" is magnesium (Mg) and "E" is tantalum (Ta), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Ta 2 / 3 ) b O 3 For example, when "D" is cobalt (Co) and "E" is tantalum (Ta), the electrostrictive material may be (Pb A-B C B )(Co 1 / 3Ta 2 / 3 ) b O 3 .

[0201] In Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, the values ​​of "a" and "b" may be configured to have the same or different values. For example, "a" and "b" may have the same value of 0.10 to 0.20. For example, "a" may be 0.10 to 0.20, and "b" may be 0.10 to 0.15. For example, when "a" is greater than "b", a relatively high dielectric constant and a high phase transition temperature T may be configured. C electrostrictive materials.

[0202] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of "a+b" in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 to "c+d" in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 may be 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0. For example, the ratio of "a+b" of the electrostrictive material in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 to "c+d" of the piezoelectric material in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 may be 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0. The ratio of "a+b" in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 to "c+d" in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 may be 1.0:1.9 to 1.0:2.8. For example, the ratio of "a+b" of the electrostrictive material in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 to "c+d" of the piezoelectric material in Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 may be 1.0:1.9 to 1.0:2.8.

[0203] If the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is less than 1.0:1.7, the phase transition temperature T C It may be below 160°C, which will reduce reliability at high temperatures. If the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is greater than 1.0:3.0, the piezoelectric constant d 33 The sound pressure may decrease rapidly, and the sound pressure characteristics may deteriorate.

[0204] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration part 131 may have a phase transition temperature T of 160° C. or more and 180° C. or less. C The vibration portion 131 may have a piezoelectric constant d of 900 pC / N or more and 1100 pC / N or less. 33 .

[0205] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d can prevent external moisture from penetrating into the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a, and can protect the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a from external impact. At least one of the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d can be formed of a material having a water vapor permeability WVTR and heat resistance. In order to prevent moisture from penetrating into the vibration part 131 or the vibration layer 131a in a high humidity environment (for example, 85°C and 85% RH (relative humidity)), the water vapor permeability WVTR should not exceed 10 2 g·day / m 2 At least one of the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be a polyimide film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, or a polyethylene naphthalate film, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0206] The adhesive layers 133b and 133c according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be formed of a material having high adhesive force between one of the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d and the vibration layer 131a and having a small change with temperature after curing the adhesive layers 133b and 133c. Therefore, a vibration device having adhesive layers 133b and 133c with improved stability with temperature changes can be realized. For example, the adhesive layers 133b and 133c may be a material of an epoxy-based thermosetting resin, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the epoxy resin may include a bisphenol-based, polyurethane-based, or rubber-based material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. As another example, the adhesive layers 133b and 133c may be formed of a thermoplastic resin or a pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA. For example, the curing process of the adhesive layers 133b and 133c may be performed at 150°C to 170°C, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0207] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cover member 133a and the second cover member 133d may have the same size as the adhesive layers 133b and 133c. For example, the sizes of the first cover member 133a, the second cover member 133d, and the adhesive layers 133b and 133c may be larger than the vibration layer 131a, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Therefore, the vibration layer 131a may be protected from external moisture.

[0208] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to solve the problem of damage to the signal wiring caused by the melted signal supply member 137 in the high temperature process corresponding to the curing process of the adhesive layers 133b and 133c, the signal supply member 137 may be formed of a material having heat resistance. For example, the signal supply member 137 may be formed of a polyimide material, a polyethylene terephthalate material, or a polyethylene naphthalate material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0209] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device can be configured to include at least one of the following components: a vibration layer 131a with improved piezoelectric characteristics; cover members 133a and 133d including a film having moisture permeability and heat resistance selected from the group consisting of polyimide film, polyethylene terephthalate film and polyethylene naphthalate film; adhesive layers 133b and 133c including a thermoplastic resin or a pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA having reliability as temperature changes; and a signal supply member 137 including a heat-resistant material selected from the group consisting of polyimide material, polyethylene terephthalate material and polyethylene naphthalate material having heat resistance.

[0210] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration device can be provided that is configured to include at least one of a vibration layer 131a having improved piezoelectric characteristics, cover members 133a and 133d having moisture permeability and heat resistance, adhesive layers 133b and 133c having reliability with temperature changes, and a signal supply member 137 having heat resistance.

[0211] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a vibration part according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 The above reference shows Figures 3 to 7 Another embodiment of a vibration layer is described.

[0212] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 8 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration layer 131a may include a plurality of first portions 131a1 and a plurality of second portions 131a2. For example, the plurality of first portions 131a1 and the plurality of second portions 131a2 may be alternately and repeatedly disposed along the first direction X (or the second direction Y).

[0213] Each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 may include an inorganic material portion having a piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric characteristics). For example, each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 may include at least one of a piezoelectric inorganic material and a piezoelectric organic material. In addition, each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 may be an inorganic portion, an inorganic material portion, a piezoelectric portion, a piezoelectric material portion, or an electroactive portion, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0214] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 may have a first width W1 parallel to the first direction X (or the second direction Y), and may extend along the second direction Y (or the first direction X). Figures 3 to 5 The described vibration layer 131a is substantially the same, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted.

[0215] Each of the plurality of second portions 131a2 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 131a1. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 may be disposed between two adjacent second portions 131a2 in the plurality of second portions 131a2. Each of the plurality of second portions 131a2 may have a second width W2 parallel to the first direction X (or the second direction Y), and may extend along the second direction Y (or the first direction X). The first width W1 may be the same as or different from the second width W2. For example, the first width W1 may be greater than the second width W2. For example, the first portion 131a1 and the second portion 131a2 may include a linear shape or a strip shape having the same size or different sizes.

[0216] Each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first parts in the plurality of first parts 131a1. Each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first parts in the plurality of first parts 131a1, and thus, may be connected or attached to a side surface of the first part 131a1 adjacent thereto. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first parts 131a1 and the plurality of second parts 131a2 may be disposed (or arranged) in parallel with each other on the same plane (or the same layer). Therefore, by the lateral engagement (or connection) of the first part 131a1 and the second part 131a2, the vibration layer 131a may be expanded to a desired size or length.

[0217] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 can absorb the impact applied to the first part 131a1, and thus, the overall durability of the first part 131a1 can be improved and flexibility can be provided to the vibration layer 131a. Each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 can include an organic material having a ductile property. For example, each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 can include one or more of an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, and a silicon-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the plurality of second parts 131a2 can be an organic part, an organic material part, an adhesive part, a stretching part, a bending part, a damping part, or an extension part, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0218] A first surface of each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 and the plurality of second portions 131a2 may be commonly connected to the first electrode layer 131b. A second surface of each of the plurality of first portions 131a1 and the plurality of second portions 131a2 may be commonly connected to the second electrode layer 131c.

[0219] The plurality of first portions 131a1 and the plurality of second portions 131a2 may be disposed on (or connected to) the same plane, and thus the vibration portion 131 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may have a single-layer film type. Therefore, the vibration layer 131a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure or the vibration device 130 including the vibration layer 131a may vibrate through the first portion 131a1 having vibration characteristics, and may be bent in a curved shape through the second portion 131a2 having flexibility.

[0220] Fig. 9 is a view showing a vibration part according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 The above reference shows Figures 3 to 5 Another embodiment of a vibration layer is described.

[0221] refer to Figure 4 and Fig. 9 , the vibration layer 131 a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 131 a 3 , and a second portion 131 a 4 disposed between the plurality of first portions 131 a 3 .

[0222] Each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other in each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 may have a hexahedral shape with the same size and may be disposed in a grid shape, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 may have a circular plate, an elliptical plate, or a polygonal plate with the same size as each other, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0223] Each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 may be the same as that described above with reference to Figure 8 The first portion 131a1 described is substantially the same, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted.

[0224] The second portion 131a4 may be disposed between the plurality of first portions 131a3 along each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. The second portion 131a4 may be configured to fill a gap between two adjacent first portions 131a3, or to be adjacent to each of the plurality of first portions 131a3, or to surround each of the plurality of first portions 131a3, and thus, the second portion 131a4 may be connected or attached to the first portion 131a3 adjacent thereto. The second portion 131a4 may be connected to the first portion 131a3 described above with reference to Figure 8 The second portion 131a2 described is substantially the same, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted.

[0225] A first surface of each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 and second portions 131a4 may be commonly connected to the first electrode layer 131b. A second surface of each of the plurality of first portions 131a3 and second portions 131a4 may be commonly connected to the second electrode layer 131c.

[0226] A plurality of first portions 131a3 and second portions 131a4 may be disposed on (or connected to) the same plane, and thus the vibration layer 131a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may have a single-layer film type. Therefore, the vibration part 131 or the vibration device 130 including the vibration layer 131a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may vibrate through the first portion 131a3 having vibration characteristics, and may be bent in a curved shape through the second portion 131a4 having flexibility.

[0227] Fig.10 is a view showing a vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.10 The above reference shows Figures 3 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 A vibration device is described.

[0228] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.10 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may include more than two vibration generating parts 130-1 and 130-2. For example, the vibration device 130 may include a first vibration generating part 130-1 and a second vibration generating part 130-2.

[0229] The first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 may overlap or stack each other to shift (or drive or vibrate) in the same direction, thereby maximizing the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 130 or the amplitude displacement of the vibration member. For example, the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 may have substantially the same size, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 may have substantially the same size within the error range of the manufacturing process, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Therefore, the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 may maximize the amplitude displacement of the vibration device 130 and / or the amplitude displacement of the vibration member.

[0230] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, any one of the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 may be connected or joined to the vehicle interior material 13 through a connecting member. For example, the first vibration generating part 130-1 may be connected or joined to the vehicle interior material 13 through a connecting member.

[0231] Each of the first vibration generating part 130 - 1 and the second vibration generating part 130 - 2 may be the same as that described above with reference to Figures 3 to 7 The described vibration device 130 is the same or substantially the same, and thus, like reference numerals denote like elements and a repeated description thereof may be omitted.

[0232] The vibration device 130 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an intermediate adhesive member 130M.

[0233] The intermediate adhesive member 130M may be disposed or connected between the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2. As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the intermediate adhesive member 130M may be disposed or connected between the second adhesive layer 133c of the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the first cover member 133a of the second vibration generating part 130-2. As another embodiment of the present disclosure, the intermediate adhesive member 130M may be disposed or connected between the second cover member 133d of the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the first cover member 133a of the second vibration generating part 130-2. For example, the intermediate adhesive member 130M may be an intermediate member, an adhesive member, or a connecting member, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0234] The intermediate adhesive member 130M according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be composed of a material including an adhesive layer having good adhesive force or attachment force relative to each of the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2. For example, the intermediate adhesive member 130M may include a foam pad, a double-sided tape, a double-sided foam tape, a double-sided foam pad, a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the intermediate adhesive member 130M may include epoxy resin, acrylic acid, silicone resin or polyurethane, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the intermediate adhesive member 130M may include a polyurethane-based material (or substance) having relatively ductile properties. Therefore, the vibration loss caused by the displacement interference between the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 can be reduced or minimized, or each of the first vibration generating part 130-1 and the second vibration generating part 130-2 can be freely displaced (or vibrated or driven).

[0235] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 130 may include a first vibration generating part 130-1 and a second vibration generating part 130-2 that are stacked (or stacked or overlapped) to vibrate (or displace or drive) in the same direction, so that the displacement or amplitude displacement can be maximized or increased. Therefore, the displacement (or bending force or driving force) or amplitude displacement of the vibration member can be further maximized or further increased, thereby further enhancing the sound characteristics and / or sound pressure level characteristics of the bass frequency band.

[0236] Fig.11 is a view showing a traffic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view showing a traffic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0237] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 , the traffic device 500 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include one or more sound generating devices 510 configured to output sound at one or more of the external material 520 and the internal material 530. For example, one or more of the external material 520 and the internal material 530 may output sound based on the vibration of the one or more sound generating devices 510. Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the figure, the portion indicated by the dotted line represents a portion where one or more sound-emitting devices 510 can be set.

[0238] One or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at the outer material 520, at the inner material 530, or between the outer material 520 and the inner material 530 to output sound. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at least one of the outer material 520, the inner material 530, and the area between the outer material 520 and the inner material 530 to output sound.

[0239] The interior material 530 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of the instrument panel 530A, the pillar interior material 530B, the roof interior material 530C, the door interior material 530D, the seat interior material, the steering wheel interior material 530F, the floor interior material 530G, and the rear panel interior material 530J, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. One or more sound-generating devices 510 may vibrate at least one of the instrument panel 530A, the pillar interior material 530B, the roof interior material 530C, the door interior material 530D, the seat interior material, the steering wheel interior material 530F, the floor interior material 530G, and the rear panel interior material 530J. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed between the exterior material 520 and at least one of the instrument panel 530A, the pillar interior material 530B, the roof interior material 530C, the door interior material 530D, the seat interior material, the steering wheel interior material 530F, and the floor interior material 530G. Therefore, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may output sounds of one or more channels.

[0240] At least one of the one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to be transparent or translucent. For example, when the window is completely transparent, at least one of the one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to be transparent and may be disposed in the middle area or the peripheral area of ​​the window. When the glass window includes a translucent portion or an opaque portion, at least one of the one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to be translucent or opaque and may be disposed to correspond to a portion or the opaque portion of the glass window. In addition, at least one of the one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be a transparent vibration generator, a transparent vibration generating device, or a transparent sound-emitting device, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0241] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed between the instrument panel and the instrument panel 530A, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the instrument panel 530A to output sound. For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is described above, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be a dashboard speaker or a first speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0242] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the instrument panel and the instrument panel 530A may include a first area corresponding to the driver's seat DS, a second area corresponding to the front passenger seat FPS, and a third area (or middle area) between the first area and the second area. One or more of the instrument panel and the instrument panel 530A may include a fourth area tilted to face the front passenger seat FPS. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to vibrate at least one of the first area to the fourth area of ​​the instrument panel 530A. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be arranged at each of the first area and the second area of ​​the instrument panel 530A, or may be arranged at each of the first area to the fourth area. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be arranged at each of the first area and the second area of ​​the instrument panel 530A, or may be arranged at at least one of the first area to the fourth area. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of 150Hz to 20kHz. For example, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate at least one of the first to fourth areas of the instrument panel 530A may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate each of the first to fourth areas of the instrument panel 530A may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics.

[0243] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the pillar plate and the pillar inner material 530B, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the pillar inner material 530B to output sound. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a column speaker, a tweeter speaker, or a second speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0244] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pillar plate may include a first pillar (or A pillar) disposed on both sides of the front window, a second pillar (or B pillar) disposed on both sides of the center of the vehicle body, and a third pillar (or C pillar) disposed on both sides of the rear of the vehicle body. The pillar inner material 530B may include a first pillar inner material 530B1 covering the first pillar, a second pillar inner material 530B2 covering the second pillar, and a third pillar inner material 530B3 covering the third pillar. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at one or more of the area between the first pillar and the first pillar inner material 530B1, the area between the second pillar and the second pillar inner material 530B2, and the area between the third pillar and the third pillar inner material 530B3, so that at least one of the first pillar inner material to the third pillar inner material 530B1, 530B2, and 530B3 may be vibrated. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be configured to output sound in the range of 2kHz to 20kHz, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 configured to vibrate at least one of the first to third pillar inner materials 530B1, 530B2, and 530B3 may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics.

[0245] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed between the roof panel and the roof interior material 530C, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the roof interior material 530C to output sound. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to be transparent or translucent. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is described above, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be a top speaker or a third speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0246] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the roof panel and the roof interior material 530C covering the roof panel may include a first area corresponding to the driver's seat DS, a second area corresponding to the front passenger seat FPS, a third area corresponding to the area between the driver's seat DS and the front passenger seat FPS, a fourth area corresponding to the first rear passenger seat RPS1 behind the driver's seat DS, a fifth area corresponding to the second rear passenger seat RPS2 behind the front passenger seat FPS, a sixth area corresponding to the area between the first rear passenger seat RPS1 and the second rear passenger seat RPS2, and a seventh area between the third area and the sixth area. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to vibrate at least one of the first area to the seventh area of ​​the roof interior material 530C. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sound in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 configured to vibrate at least one of the first area to the seventh area of ​​the roof interior material 530C may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate each of the first to seventh regions of the roof interior material 530C may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, at least one of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate at least one of the first to seventh regions of the roof interior material 530C may be configured to output a sound within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, and the other sound emitting devices may be configured to output a sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, at least one of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate each of the first to seventh regions of the roof interior material 530C may be configured to output a sound within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, and the other sound emitting devices may be configured to output a sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz.

[0247] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the door frame and the door interior material 530D, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the door interior material 530D to output sound. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is described, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a door speaker or a fourth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0248] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the door frame and the door interior material 530D may include an upper region, a middle region, and a lower region relative to the height direction Z. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at at least one of the upper region, the middle region, and the lower region between the door frame and the door interior material 530D, thereby causing at least one of the upper region, the middle region, and the lower region of the door interior material 530 to vibrate.

[0249] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper region of the door interior material 530D may include a curved portion having a relatively small radius of curvature. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The vibration layer 131a described has flexible second parts 131a2 and 131a4, and one or more sound-emitting devices 510 for vibrating the upper area of ​​the door interior material 530D can be bent into a shape that follows the shape of the curved portion (or surface topology) of the upper area of ​​the door interior material 530D.

[0250] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the door frame may include a first door frame (or left front door frame), a second door frame (or right front door frame), a third door frame (or left rear door frame) and a fourth door frame (or right rear door frame).

[0251] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the door interior material 530D may include a first door interior material (or a left front door interior material) 530D1 covering the first door frame, a second door interior material (or a right front door interior material) 530D2 covering the second door frame, a third door interior material (or a left rear door interior material) 530D3 covering the third door frame, and a fourth door interior material (or a right rear door interior material) 530D4 covering the fourth door frame. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at least one of the upper region, the middle region, and the lower region between each of the first to fourth door frames and the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4, so that at least one of the upper region, the middle region, and the lower region of each of the first to fourth door frames 530D1 to 530D4 may be vibrated.

[0252] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the upper region of each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be configured to output a sound within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, or may be configured to output a sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the upper region of at least one of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be configured to output a sound within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, or may be configured to output a sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz.

[0253] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the middle area or / and the lower area of ​​at least one of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. One or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the middle area or / and the lower area of ​​each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the middle area or / and the lower area of ​​at least one of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be any one or more of a woofer, a mid-woofer, and a subwoofer. For example, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the middle area or / and the lower area of ​​each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be any one or more of a woofer, a mid-woofer, and a subwoofer.

[0254] The sound outputted from each of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the first door interior material 530D1 and the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the second door interior material 530D2 may be outputted in combination. For example, the sound outputted from at least one of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the first door interior material 530D1 and the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the second door interior material 530D2 may be outputted in combination. Furthermore, the sound outputted from the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the third door interior material 530D3 and the sound outputted from the one or more sound emitting devices 510 provided at the fourth door interior material 530D4 may be outputted in combination.

[0255] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper area of ​​each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may include: a first upper area adjacent to the instrument panel 530A; a second upper area adjacent to the rear seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3; and a third upper area between the first upper area and the second upper area. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at one or more of the first to third upper areas of each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at the first upper area of ​​each of the first to second door interior materials 530D1 and 530D2, and may be provided at one or more of the second and third upper areas of each of the first to second door interior materials 530D1 and 530D2. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at one or more of the first upper region to the third upper region of at least one of the first door interior material 530D1 to the fourth door interior material 530D4. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the first upper region of one or more of the first door interior material 530D1 and the second door interior material 530D2 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate the second upper region and the third upper region of each of the first door interior material 530D1 and the second door interior material 530D2 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, or may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate one or more of the second upper area and the third upper area of ​​at least one of the first door interior material 530D1 and the second door interior material 530D2 may be configured to output sound within a range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, or may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz.

[0256] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the seat frame and the seat interior material 530E, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the seat interior material 530E to output sound. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is described, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a sheet speaker, a headrest speaker, or a fifth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0257] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the seat frame may include a first seat frame (or a driver's seat frame), a second seat frame (or a front passenger seat frame), a third seat frame (or a first passenger seat frame), a fourth seat frame (or a second passenger seat frame), and a fifth seat frame (or a third passenger seat frame). According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the seat interior material may include a first seat interior material surrounding the first seat frame, a second seat interior material surrounding the second seat frame, a third seat interior material surrounding the third seat frame, a fourth seat interior material surrounding the fourth seat frame, and a fifth seat interior material surrounding the fifth seat frame.

[0258] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the first to fifth seat frames may include a seat floor frame, a seat rear frame, and a headrest frame. The seat interior material may include a seat floor interior material surrounding the seat floor frame, a seat rear interior material surrounding the seat rear frame, and a headrest interior material surrounding the headrest frame. At least one of the seat floor interior material, the seat rear interior material, and the headrest interior material may include a seat interior material and a seat exterior interior material. The seat interior material may include a foam layer. The seat exterior interior material may include a surface layer comprising fiber or leather. The seat exterior interior material may further include a base layer comprising a plastic material supporting the surface layer.

[0259] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound emitting devices 510 can be arranged in at least one of the area between the seat rear frame and the seat rear inner material and the area between the headrest frame and the headrest inner material, so that at least one of the seat outer inner material of the seat rear inner material and the seat outer inner material of the headrest inner material can be vibrated.

[0260] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at at least one of the driver's seat DS and the front passenger seat FPS can be arranged at at least one of the area between the rear frame of the seat and the inner material of the rear of the seat and the area between the headrest frame and the inner material of the headrest.

[0261] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 provided at at least one of the first to third passenger seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3 may be provided between the headrest frame and the headrest inner material. For example, at least one of the first to third passenger seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3 may include one or more sound generating devices 510 provided between the headrest frame and the headrest inner material.

[0262] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the one or more sound generating devices 510 that vibrate the seat rear interior material of at least one of the driver seat DS and the front passenger seat FPS may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz.

[0263] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 that vibrate the inner material of the headrest of the driver seat DS, the front passenger seat FPS, and at least one of the first to third passenger seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3 may be configured to output sound in the range of 2 kHz to 20 kHz, or may be configured to output sound in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz.

[0264] refer to Fig.12 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the steering wheel frame and the steering wheel inner material 530F, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the steering wheel inner material 530F to output sound. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a steering speaker or a sixth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0265] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may provide sound to the driver by indirectly or directly vibrating the steering wheel inner material 530F. The sound output by the one or more sound emitting devices 510 at the steering wheel inner material 530F may be the same as or different from the sound output by at least one of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the instrument panel and the instrument panel 530A, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the pillar panel and the pillar inner material 530B, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the roof panel and the roof inner material 530C, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the door frame and the door inner material 530D, and the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the seat frame and the seat inner material.

[0266] As one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 at the steering wheel inner material 530F may output sounds that are provided only to the vehicle driver.

[0267] As another embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound output by one or more sound emitting devices 510 at the steering wheel interior material 530F and the sound output by at least one of the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the instrument panel and the instrument panel 530A, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the pillar panel and the pillar interior material 530B, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the roof panel and the roof interior material 530C, the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the door frame and the door interior material 530D, and the one or more sound emitting devices 510 between the seat frame and the seat interior material can be combined and output.

[0268] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the floor and the floor inner material 530G, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the floor inner material 530G to output sound. One or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the floor and the floor inner material 530G between the front seats DS and FPS and the third rear passenger seat RPS3. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, so its repeated description can be omitted. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be called a floor speaker, a bottom speaker, a lower speaker, or a seventh speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0269] The traffic equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 exposed to the interior space. For example, the traffic equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include only one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 exposed to the interior space, instead of one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530, or may include one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 and one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 exposed to the interior space. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 and / or one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530 exposed to the interior space may be disposed at the interior material 530 to output sound. In addition, the interior material 530 may output sound based on the vibration of the one or more sound-emitting devices (or vibration devices).

[0270] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the interior material 530 may further include a rearview mirror 530H, a top console 530I, a rear panel interior material 530J, a glove box, and a sun visor, etc. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0271] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be provided at least one of a rearview mirror 530H, a top console 530I, a rear storage panel inner material 530J, a glove box, and a sun visor. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may output sounds of one or more channels.

[0272] One or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed at the rearview mirror 530H, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the rearview mirror 530H to output sound. One or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed between the rearview mirror housing and the rearview mirror 530H supported by the rearview mirror housing. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include the above-referenced Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, and therefore its repeated description may be omitted. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be called a rearview mirror speaker or an eighth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0273] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the top console 530I, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate a console cover of the top console 530I to output sound.

[0274] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the top console 530I may include a console box buried in the roof panel, a lighting device provided at the console box, and a console cover covering the lighting device and the console box.

[0275] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the console box and the console cover of the top console 530I, and may cause the console cover to vibrate. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed between the console box and the console cover of the top console 530I, and may directly cause the console cover to vibrate. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-referenced Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, so its repeated description can be omitted. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be called a console speaker, a lighting speaker, or a ninth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0276] The traffic equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a central lighting box disposed in the central area of ​​the roof interior material 530C, a central lighting device disposed at the central lighting box, and a central lighting cover covering the central lighting device. In this case, one or more sound generating devices 510 further disposed between the central lighting cover of the central lighting device and the central lighting box may further vibrate the central lighting cover.

[0277] refer to Fig.11 , one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at the rear panel interior material 530J, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the rear panel interior material 530J to output sound. The rear panel interior material 530J may be disposed behind the first to third passenger seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3. For example, a portion of the rear panel interior material 530J may be disposed below the rear window 540C.

[0278] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed on the rear surface of the rear panel inner material 530J and may cause the rear panel inner material 530J to vibrate. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-referenced Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is described, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a rear speaker or a tenth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0279] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the rear panel interior material 530J may include a first area corresponding to the first rear passenger seat RPS1, a second area corresponding to the second rear passenger seat RPS2, and a third area corresponding to the third rear passenger seat RPS3. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to vibrate at least one of the first area to the third area of ​​the rear panel interior material 530J. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be provided at each of the first area and the second area of ​​the rear panel interior material 530J, or may be provided at each of the first area to the third area. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be provided at at least one of the first area and the second area of ​​the rear panel interior material 530J, or may be provided at at least one of the first area to the third area. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 configured to vibrate each of the first area to the third area of ​​the rear panel interior material 530J may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 configured to vibrate at least one of the first to third regions of the rear package inner material 530J may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics.

[0280] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the glove box and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the glove box to output sound. The glove box may be provided on a dashboard 530A corresponding to a front area of ​​the front passenger seat FPS.

[0281] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed on the inner surface of the glove box and may cause the glove box to vibrate. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above-referenced Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, so its repeated description can be omitted. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz, or can be one or more of a woofer, a mid-woofer, and a subwoofer. In addition, one or more sound-generating devices 510 can be called a glove box speaker or an eleventh speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0282] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the sun visor and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the sun visor to output sound. The sun visor may include a first sun visor corresponding to the driver seat DS and a second sun visor corresponding to the front passenger seat FPS.

[0283] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at at least one of the first sun visor and the second sun visor, and may indirectly or directly vibrate at least one of the first sun visor and the second sun visor. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may include the above reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 described above is not described, and thus its repeated description may be omitted. For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be called a sun visor speaker or a twelfth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0284] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more of the first sun visor and the second sun visor may further include a sun visor vanity mirror. In this case, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the sun visor vanity mirror of at least one of the first sun visor and the second sun visor. The one or more sound-generating devices 510 that vibrate the sun visor vanity mirror may include the above-referenced Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 The vibration device 130 is described above, and thus a repeated description thereof may be omitted.

[0285] refer to Fig.11 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the traffic equipment may further include one or more sound-generating devices 510 disposed at the glass window 540. For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed at the glass window 540 to output sound. In addition, the glass window 540 may output sound based on the vibration of the one or more sound-generating devices (or vibration devices). For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be window speakers, transparent sound-generating devices, transparent speakers, or opaque speakers, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0286] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sound by indirectly or directly vibrating the glass window 540. For example, the one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 One or more of the vibration devices 130 described may be configured to be transparent, translucent, or opaque.

[0287] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the window 540 may include a front window, a side window 540B, and a rear window 540C. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the window 540 may further include a roof window. For example, when the traffic equipment includes a roof window, a portion of each of the top frame and the roof interior material 530C may be replaced by the roof window. For example, when the traffic equipment includes a roof window, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the peripheral portion (or edge portion) of the roof interior material 530C surrounding the roof window 540D to output sound.

[0288] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the front window, and may be configured to output sound based on vibration thereof or to indirectly or directly vibrate the front window to output sound.

[0289] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the front window may include a first area corresponding to the driver's seat DS, a second area corresponding to the front passenger seat FPS, and a third area (or intermediate area) between the first area and the second area. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be arranged at at least one of the first area to the third area. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be arranged at each of the first area and the second area of ​​the front window, or may be arranged at each of the first area to the third area. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be arranged at at least one of the first area and the second area of ​​the front window, or may be arranged at at least one of the first area to the third area. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at each of the first area to the third area of ​​the front window may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at at least one of the first area to the third area of ​​the front window may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of 150Hz to 20kHz. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be referred to as a front window speaker or a thirteenth speaker, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0290] refer to Fig.12 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be disposed at the side window 540B and may be configured to output sound based on vibration thereof or to indirectly or directly vibrate the side window 540B to output sound.

[0291] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the side window 540B may include a first side window (or left front window), a second side window (or right front window) 540B2, a third side window (or left rear window) and a fourth side window (or right rear window) 540B4.

[0292] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at at least one of the first to fourth side windows 540B1 to 540B4. For example, at least one of the first to fourth side windows 540B1 to 540B4 may include one or more sound generating devices 510.

[0293] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be disposed at one or more of the first side window 540B1 to the fourth side window 540B4, and may be configured to output sound based on its vibration or to vibrate the first side window 540B1 to the fourth side window 540B4 indirectly or directly to output sound. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at at least one of the first side window 540B1 to the fourth side window 540B4 may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sound within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be referred to as side window speakers or fourteenth speakers, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0294] refer to Fig.11 , one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the rear window 540C, and may be configured to output sound based on vibration thereof or to indirectly or directly vibrate the rear window 540C to output sound.

[0295] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the rear window 540C may include a first area corresponding to the rearward direction of the first rear passenger seat RPS1, a second area corresponding to the rearward direction of the second rear passenger seat RPS2, and a third area corresponding to the rearward direction of the third rear passenger seat RPS3.

[0296] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at each of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at at least one of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C. For example, one or more sound emitting devices 510 may be provided at each of the first and second regions of the rear window 540C, or may be provided at each of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C.

[0297] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be arranged at at least one of the first and second regions of the rear window 540C, or may be arranged at at least one of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at each of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at at least one of the first to third regions of the rear window 540C may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 arranged at at least one of the first and second regions of the rear window 540C may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz, or may be one or more of a woofer, a mid-woofer, and a subwoofer. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be referred to as a rear window speaker or a fifteenth speaker, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0298] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at a top window and may be configured to output sound based on vibration thereof or to indirectly or directly vibrate the top window to output sound.

[0299] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a top window may be provided above the front seats DS and FPS. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be provided in a central area of ​​the top window. In addition, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be referred to as a top window speaker or a sixteenth speaker, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0300] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the top window may be disposed above the front seats DS and FPS, or may be disposed above the rear seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3. For example, the top window may include a first area corresponding to the front seats DS and FPS and a second area corresponding to the rear seats RPS1, RPS2, and RPS3. In addition, the top window may include a third area between the first area and the second area. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be disposed at at least one of the first area and the second area of ​​the top window, or may be disposed at at least one of the first area to the third area of ​​the top window. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sounds within a range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at at least one of the first area to the third area of ​​the top window may have the same sound output characteristics or different sound output characteristics.

[0301] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 The traffic equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a bass speaker WS provided at at least one of the instrument panel 530A, the door frame, and the rear panel inner material 530J.

[0302] The woofer WS according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be one or more of a woofer, a mid-woofer, and a subwoofer. For example, the woofer WS may refer to a term for a speaker that outputs sounds of 60 Hz to 150 Hz, for example, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Therefore, the woofer WS may output sounds within a range of 60 Hz to 150 Hz, thereby enhancing the low-frequency band characteristics of the sounds output to the internal space.

[0303] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the woofer WS may be disposed at least one of the first and second regions of the instrument panel 530A. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the woofer WS may be disposed at each of the first to fourth door frames of the door interior material 530D, and may be exposed at the lower region of each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 of the door interior material 530D. For example, the woofer WS may be disposed at at least one of the first to fourth door frames of the door interior material 530D, and may be exposed at the lower region of at least one of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 of the door interior material 530D. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the woofer WS may be disposed at at least one of the first and second regions of the rear panel interior material 530J. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 disposed at the lower region of each of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be replaced by the woofer WS. For example, one or more sound generating devices 510 provided at a lower region of at least one of the first to fourth door interior materials 530D1 to 530D4 may be replaced by a woofer WS.

[0304] The traffic equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a decoration member covering a portion of the interior material 530 exposed to the interior space and one or more sound generating devices 510 disposed at the interior material 530. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at the decoration member and the interior material 530 to output sound. For example, at least one of the decoration member and the interior material 530 may output sound based on vibration of one or more vibration generating devices (or vibration devices).

[0305] The decorative member may be configured to cover the portion of the door interior material 530D exposed to the interior space, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the decorative member may be configured to cover the portion of one or more of the instrument panel 530A, the pillar interior material 530B, and the roof interior material 530C exposed to the interior space.

[0306] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a decorative component may include a metal material or a non-metal material (or a non-metal composite material) having material properties suitable for generating sound based on vibration. For example, the metal material of the decorative component may include any one or more of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), Al alloy, magnesium (Mg), Mg alloy, and magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloy, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The non-metal material (or non-metal composite material) of the decorative component may include one or more of wood, plastic, glass, cloth, fiber, rubber, paper, carbon, and leather, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In addition, the decorative component may include a metal material having material properties suitable for generating high-frequency band sounds, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the high-frequency band may have a frequency in the range of 1 kHz or above or 3 kHz or above, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0307] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided between the decoration member and the inner material 530. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be referred to as a term such as a decoration speaker or a seventeenth speaker, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0308] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 One or more vibration devices 130 are described. One or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at the main interior material or the interior material 530 and the decorative member, and may be connected or joined to the decorative member.

[0309] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the decorative member to output sound to the interior space of the traffic equipment. In addition, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 may be configured to output sound in the high frequency band, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0310] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 , the traffic device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more sound generating devices 510 disposed on the inner surface of the external material 520. For example, the one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at the external material 520 to output sound. For example, the external material 520 may output sound based on the vibration of one or more vibration generating devices (or vibration devices).

[0311] The exterior material 520 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a cover panel 520A, a front fender 520B, a door frame, a roof panel, a pillar panel, a trunk panel 520C, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a spoiler, a headlight, a taillight, a fog lamp, or a body floor (or bottom) 501. One or more sound emitting devices may vibrate at least one of the cover panel 520A, the front fender 520B, the door frame, the roof panel, the pillar panel, the trunk panel 520C, the front bumper, the rear bumper, the spoiler, the headlight, the taillight, the fog lamp, or the body floor 501 from the outside or the inside.

[0312] One or more sound generating devices 510 may be provided at one or more of the cover panel 520A, the front fender 520B, and the trunk panel 520C. Thus, the sound of one or more channels may be output.

[0313] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be connected or joined to the inner side of the cover plate 520A, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the cover plate 520A to output sound to the external space of the traffic equipment. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to be connected or joined to one or more of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the inner side of the cover plate 520A.

[0314] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 One or more vibration devices 130 described. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be connected or joined to the inner surface of the cover plate 520A. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of 150 Hz to 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be referred to as a cover plate speaker or an eighteenth speaker, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0315] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be connected or coupled to the inner surface of the front fender 520B, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the front fender 520B to output sound to the external space of the traffic equipment. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be arranged at certain intervals on the inner surface of the front fender 520B.

[0316] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10One or more vibration devices 130 described. One or more sound-generating devices 510 may be connected or coupled to the inner surface of the front fender 520B. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of about 150 Hz to about 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be referred to as terms such as a fender speaker or a nineteenth speaker, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0317] One or more sound-generating devices 510 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be connected or joined to the inner surface of the trunk panel 520C, and may be configured to indirectly or directly vibrate the trunk panel 520C to output sound to the external space of the transportation equipment. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to be connected or joined to one or more of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the trunk panel 520C.

[0318] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may include the above-mentioned reference Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 8 to 10 One or more vibration devices 130 described. One or more sound-generating devices 510 may be connected or coupled to the inner surface of the trunk panel 520C. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be configured to output sounds in the range of about 150 Hz to about 20 kHz. For example, one or more sound-generating devices 510 may be referred to as terms such as a trunk panel speaker or a twentieth speaker, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0319] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more sound generating devices 510 may be disposed at one or more of the door inner panel or the door outer panel.

[0320] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a traffic device can output sound to one or more of an interior space and an outdoor space (or an exterior space) through at least one of one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at an interior material 530, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at an interior material 530 exposed to an interior space, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at a glass window, one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at a decorative component, and one or more sound-emitting devices 510 disposed at an exterior material 520. Therefore, sound can be output through one or more of the exterior material 520 and the interior material 530 as a sound-emitting vibration plate, thereby outputting multi-channel surround sound.

[0321] A vibration device and traffic equipment including the vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are described below.

[0322] A vibration device may include: a vibration member; and a vibration element configured to vibrate the vibration member and including a vibration portion. The vibration portion includes a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material. The electrostrictive material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2.

[0323] [Chemical formula 1]

[0324] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O 3

[0325] [Chemical formula 2]

[0326] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O 3

[0327] The piezoelectric material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4,

[0328] [Chemical formula 3]

[0329] (Pb A-B C B )(Zr c ) 3

[0330] [Chemical formula 4]

[0331] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d ) 3

[0332] In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), and "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta). In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "a+b+c+d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0.

[0333] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration part may include a material represented by Chemical Formula 5 below.

[0334] [Chemical formula 5]

[0335] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b (Zr c Ti d ))O 3

[0336] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, in the above Chemical Formula 5, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50 may be satisfied.

[0337] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration part may include a phase transition temperature of about 160° C. or more and about 180° C. or less, and may have a piezoelectric constant of about 900 pC / N or more and about 1100 pC / N or less.

[0338] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the ratio of “a+b” to “c+d” may be 1.0:1.9 to 1.0:2.8.

[0339] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the above Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 may have a pseudo cubic phase.

[0340] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, in the above Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, "a" and "b" may have the same value or different values, and in the above Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4, "c" and "d" may have different values.

[0341] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration portion may include: a vibration layer including an electrostrictive material and a piezoelectric material; a first electrode layer located on a first surface of the vibration layer; and a second electrode layer located on a second surface of the vibration layer, wherein the second surface is different from the first surface.

[0342] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration element may include a cover member covering at least one of a first surface of the vibration portion and a second surface of the vibration portion. The second surface may be opposite to the first surface.

[0343] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover member may include a first cover member covering a first surface of the vibration portion and a second cover member covering a second surface of the vibration portion.

[0344] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, one of the first cover member and the second cover member may be made of a material having a moisture permeability of no more than 10 2 g·day / m 2of material formation.

[0345] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration element may further include a signal supply member electrically connected to the vibration portion, and a portion of the signal supply member is accommodated in a space between the cover member and the vibration portion.

[0346] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal supply member may be formed of one of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate having heat resistance.

[0347] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration device may further include an adhesive layer between the vibration part and the cover member, wherein the adhesive layer is formed of a thermosetting resin.

[0348] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration element may include a first vibration generator, a second vibration generator stacked on the first vibration generator, and an intermediate member between the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator. Either one of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator is connected to the vibration member.

[0349] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator may include a vibration part and a cover member covering at least one of a first surface of the vibration part and a second surface of the vibration part. The second surface is opposite to the first surface.

[0350] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration generator may be configured to be displaced in the same direction as the second vibration generator.

[0351] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a vibration member includes a display panel having pixels for displaying an image.

[0352] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration member may include at least one of metal, plastic, fiber, leather, wood, cloth, rubber, carbon, glass, and paper.

[0353] Traffic equipment according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure includes: an external material; an internal material, the internal material covering the external material; and one or more sound-generating devices, the one or more sound-generating devices being configured to output sound from at least one of the external material and the internal material. At least one sound-generating device includes a vibration device. The vibration device includes a vibration member and a vibration element configured to vibrate the vibration member and including a vibration part. The vibration part includes a piezoelectric material and an electrostrictive material, and the electrostrictive material includes a material represented by the following chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2.

[0354] [Chemical formula 1]

[0355] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O 3

[0356] [Chemical formula 2]

[0357] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O 3

[0358] The piezoelectric material includes materials represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 below.

[0359] [Chemical formula 3]

[0360] (Pb A-B C B )(Zr c ) 3

[0361] [Chemical formula 4]

[0362] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d ) 3

[0363] In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), and "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta). In Chemical Formulas 1 to 4, "a+b+c+d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.0.

[0364] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the interior material may include at least one of an instrument panel, a pillar interior material, a roof interior material, a door interior material, a seat interior material, a steering wheel interior material, a floor interior material, and a rear panel interior material.

[0365] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the exterior material may include at least one of a hood panel, a front fender, a door frame, a roof panel, a pillar panel, a trunk panel, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a spoiler, a headlight, a taillight, a fog light, and a body floor.

[0366] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the interior material may include one or more of metal, wood, rubber, plastic, carbon, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, mirror, and leather.

[0367] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the interior material may include at least one of an instrument panel, a pillar interior material, a roof interior material, a door interior material, a seat interior material, a steering wheel interior material, a floor interior material, a rear panel interior material, a top console, a rearview mirror, a glove box, and a sun visor, and at least one sound-emitting device may generate sound by vibrating at least one of the instrument panel, the pillar interior material, the roof interior material, the door interior material, the seat interior material, the steering wheel interior material, the floor interior material, the rear panel interior material, a top console, a rearview mirror, a glove box, and a sun visor.

[0368] The vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to or included in the sound-generating device arranged at the device or display device. The device or display device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to or included in mobile devices, video phones, smart watches, phone watches, wearable devices, foldable devices, rollable devices, bendable devices, flexible devices, bending devices, sliding devices, variable devices, electronic notepads, e-books, portable multimedia players (PMP), personal digital assistants (PDA), MP3 players, mobile medical devices, desktop personal computers (PC), laptop PCs, netbook computers, workstations, navigation devices, car navigation devices, car display devices, car devices, cinema equipment, cinema display devices, TV, wallpaper display devices, signage devices, gaming devices, notebook computers, monitors, cameras, video cameras, and household appliances, etc. In addition, the vibration device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to or included in organic light-emitting lighting devices or inorganic light-emitting lighting devices. When the vibration device is applied to or included in lighting devices, the lighting devices can play the role of lighting and speakers. In addition, when the vibration device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is applied to or included in a mobile device or the like, the vibration device may be one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptic device, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0369] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is intended to cover modifications and variations of the present disclosure as long as they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vibration device, comprising: Vibrating components; as well as a vibration element configured to vibrate the vibration member and including a vibration portion, Wherein, the vibration part includes piezoelectric material and electrostrictive material, The electrostrictive material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, [Chemical formula 1] (Pb A-B C B )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a O3 [Chemical formula 2] (Pb A-B C B )(D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b O3, The piezoelectric material includes materials represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4, [Chemical formula 3] <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">(Pb<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> A-B <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> C<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> B <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> Zr<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> c <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> O3) [Chemical formula 4] (Pb A-B C B )(Ti d )O3, In Chemical Formulae 1 to 4, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and In Chemical Formulae 1 to 4, "a+b+c+d" equals 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.

0.

2. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The vibration part includes a material represented by the following Chemical Formula 5, [Chemical formula 5] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b (Zr c Ti d ))O3。 3. The vibration device according to claim 2, wherein: In the chemical formula 5, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50 are satisfied.

4. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration portion has a phase transition temperature of 160° C. or more and 180° C. or less, and has a piezoelectric constant of 900 pC / N or more and 1100 pC / N or less.

5. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.9 to 1.0:2.

8.

6. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The Chemical Formula 1 and the Chemical Formula 2 have a pseudo cubic phase.

7. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: In the Chemical Formula 1 and the Chemical Formula 2, "a" and "b" have the same value or different values, and in the Chemical Formula 3 and the Chemical Formula 4, "c" and "d" have different values.

8. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The vibration unit comprises: a vibration layer, the vibration layer comprising the electrostrictive material and the piezoelectric material; a first electrode layer, the first electrode layer being located on a first surface of the vibration layer; and A second electrode layer, wherein the second electrode layer is located on a second surface of the vibration layer, wherein the second surface is different from the first surface.

9. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration element includes a cover member that covers at least one of a first surface of the vibration portion and a second surface of the vibration portion, wherein the second surface is opposite to the first surface.

10. The vibration device according to claim 9, wherein: The cover member comprises: a first cover member that covers the first surface of the vibration portion; and A second cover member covers the second surface of the vibration portion.

11. The vibration device according to claim 10, wherein: One of the first cover member and the second cover member has a moisture permeability of not more than 10 2 g·day / m 2 of material formation.

12. The vibration device according to claim 9, wherein: The vibration element further includes a signal supply member electrically connected to the vibration portion, and A portion of the signal supply member is accommodated in a space between the cover member and the vibration portion.

13. The vibration device according to claim 12, wherein: The signal supply member is formed of one of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate having heat resistance.

14. The vibration device according to claim 9, further comprising an adhesive layer between the vibration portion and the cover member, wherein The adhesive layer is formed of a thermosetting resin.

15. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The vibration element comprises: a first vibration generator; a second vibration generator, the second vibration generator being stacked on the first vibration generator; and an intermediate member, the intermediate member being located between the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator, Wherein, any one of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator is connected to the vibration member.

16. The vibration device according to claim 15, wherein: Each of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator includes: the vibration part; and A cover member covers at least one of a first surface of the vibration portion and a second surface of the vibration portion, wherein the second surface is opposite to the first surface.

17. The vibration device according to claim 15, wherein: The first vibration generator is configured to be displaced in the same direction as the second vibration generator.

18. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The vibration member includes a display panel having pixels for displaying an image.

19. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein: The vibration member includes at least one of metal, plastic, fiber, leather, wood, cloth, rubber, carbon, glass, and paper.

20. A traffic device comprising: exterior materials; an inner material, the inner material covering the outer material; as well as one or more sound emitting devices configured to output sound from at least one of the outer material and the inner material, Wherein, at least one of the sound-generating devices comprises a vibration device as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. The transportation device according to claim 20, wherein: The interior material includes at least one of an instrument panel, a pillar interior material, a roof interior material, a door interior material, a seat interior material, a steering wheel interior material, a floor interior material, and a rear panel interior material.

22. The transportation device according to claim 20, wherein: The exterior material includes at least one of a hood panel, a front fender, a door frame, a roof panel, a pillar panel, a trunk panel, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a spoiler, a headlight, a taillight, a fog light, and a body floor.

23. The transportation device according to claim 20, wherein: The interior material includes one or more of metal, wood, rubber, plastic, carbon, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, mirror and leather.

24. The transportation device according to claim 20, wherein: The interior material comprises at least one of an instrument panel, a pillar interior material, a roof interior material, a door interior material, a seat interior material, a steering wheel interior material, a floor interior material, a rear storage panel interior material, an overhead console, a rearview mirror, a glove box, and a sun visor, and At least one of the sound generating devices generates sound by vibrating at least one of the instrument panel, the pillar interior material, the roof interior material, the door interior material, the seat interior material, the steering wheel interior material, the floor interior material, the rear panel interior material, the overhead console, the rearview mirror, the glove box, and the sun visor.

25. A vibration element, comprising: Vibration layer; A first electrode layer, located on the upper surface of the vibration layer; as well as A second electrode layer is located on the lower surface of the vibration layer, Wherein, the vibration layer includes a material represented by the following chemical formula 5, [Chemical formula 5] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (D 1 / 3 E 2 / 3 ) b (Zr c Ti d ))O3, Wherein, "C" is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba), "D" is one of nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and cobalt (Co), "E" is niobium (Nb) or tantalum (Ta), and Among them, "a+b+c+d" is equal to 1, and the ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.7 to 1.0:3.

0.

26. The vibration element according to claim 25, wherein In the chemical formula 5, 0.80≤AB≤0.98, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50 are satisfied.

27. The vibration element according to claim 25, wherein The ratio of "a+b" to "c+d" is 1.0:1.9 to 1.0:2.8.

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