Battery piece and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides a battery piece and a photovoltaic module, the battery piece comprises a battery body and a light transmitting layer, and the battery body comprises a substrate and a passivation layer. The passivation layer is located on one side of the cell body facing the light-receiving surface, and the light-transmitting layer is located on one side of the passivation layer away from the substrate. The light transmitting layer comprises an adhesive film layer, light conversion particles and anti-reflection particles, and the light conversion particles and the anti-reflection particles are arranged on the cell body through the adhesive film layer. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles is smaller than or equal to that of the light conversion particles. By arranging the light transmitting layer on the cell body, ultraviolet light can be converted into visible light by using the light conversion particles, so that the utilization rate of the cell body to the ultraviolet light is improved, the short-circuit current and efficiency of the cell body are improved, ultraviolet attenuation is inhibited, the service life of the cell body is prolonged, and the efficiency of the cell body is improved. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles is smaller than that of the light conversion particles, so that reflection of the light-transmitting layer can be reduced, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is improved, and the efficiency of the battery piece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, photovoltaic devices such as photovoltaic modules are increasingly used in people's daily lives. Photovoltaic modules include crystalline silicon solar cells, which can absorb light and convert light energy into electrical energy. However, the ultraviolet response of crystalline silicon solar cells is low. During operation, the absorption of ultraviolet light is poor, resulting in large optical losses in the ultraviolet band, which limits the short circuit of crystalline silicon solar cells and the improvement of light-to-conversion efficiency. In addition, ultraviolet light will destroy the passivation structure of the light-receiving surface of the crystalline silicon solar cell, causing the efficiency of the crystalline silicon solar cell to decay and affecting the service life of the crystalline silicon solar cell. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell and a photovoltaic module for improving the efficiency of the solar cell.

[0004] The present application provides a battery cell, the battery cell comprising:

[0005] The battery body, including the substrate and the passivation layer;

[0006] A light-transmitting layer, which is arranged on one side of the battery body;

[0007] Among them, the battery body includes a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface, the passivation layer is located on the side of the substrate facing the light-receiving surface, the light-transmitting layer is arranged on the side of the passivation layer away from the substrate, the light-transmitting layer includes an adhesive film layer, light-conversion particles and anti-reflection particles, the light-conversion particles and the anti-reflection particles are arranged on the battery body through the adhesive film layer, and the average diameter of the anti-reflection particles is less than or equal to the average diameter of the light-conversion particles.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the diameter of the light-conversion particles is 20 nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the diameter of the anti-reflection particles is 20 nanometers to 300 nanometers.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the refractive index of the light conversion particles is 1.1 to 1.6, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection particles is 1.1 to 1.5.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the excitation wavelength of the light-transmitting layer is between 200 nanometers and 500 nanometers, and / or the characteristic fluorescence peak of the light-transmitting layer is between 400 nanometers and 900 nanometers.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the light-conversion particles include at least one of a silicate containing a rare earth element and a sulfide containing a rare earth element, and the anti-reflection particles include a metal oxide, and a band gap of the metal oxide is not less than 1.5 eV.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the adhesive film layer is a resin film layer, the thickness of the adhesive film layer is 5 nanometers to 100 nanometers, and / or the refractive index of the adhesive film layer is 1.3 to 1.7.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the light-receiving surface of the battery body is provided with a first area and a second area, the first area is used for arranging the grid lines, and the light-transmitting layer is arranged in the second area.

[0014] In a possible implementation, in the projection along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the total area of ​​the second region is m, the total area of ​​the light conversion particles is n, the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles is q, and 0.1m≤n≤m, 0.4m≤q≤m.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles is not less than the total area of ​​the light conversion particles.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising a battery cell, and the battery cell is any of the above battery cells.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a cell and a photovoltaic module, the cell includes a cell body and a light-transmitting layer, and the cell body includes a substrate and a passivation layer. The cell body has a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface. Along the thickness direction of the cell body, the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface are located on opposite sides of the cell body, the passivation layer is located on the side of the cell body facing the light-receiving surface, and the light-transmitting layer is located on the side of the passivation layer away from the substrate. The light-transmitting layer includes an adhesive film layer, light-converting particles and anti-reflection particles, and the light-converting particles and the anti-reflection particles are arranged on the cell body through the adhesive film layer. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles is less than or equal to the average diameter of the light-converting particles. The light-converting particles are used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light, and the anti-reflection particles are used to increase the light transmission rate of the light-transmitting layer. In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application, by setting a light-transmitting layer on the light-receiving surface of the cell body, the light-converting particles can be used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cell body for ultraviolet light, which is beneficial to improving the short-circuit current and efficiency of the cell body and suppressing ultraviolet attenuation. Since ultraviolet light can be converted into visible light by light-converting particles and then enter the battery body, the ultraviolet-induced attenuation of the battery body can be reduced, which is beneficial to increase the service life of the battery body and improve the efficiency of the battery body, which is more in line with actual use needs. The provision of anti-reflection particles can increase the transmittance of the light-transmitting layer, thereby reducing optical losses and facilitating the battery body to better absorb light. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles is smaller than that of the light-converting particles, which can help reduce the reflection of the light-transmitting layer and improve the efficiency of the battery cell in absorbing light. The light-transmitting layer is arranged on the side of the passivation layer away from the substrate. Therefore, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the passivation layer does not need to be adjusted. When processing the battery body, the process flow of the battery body does not need to be adjusted. After the battery body is processed, a light-transmitting layer is arranged on the light-receiving side of the battery body. Such a design can reduce the impact on the passivation layer, thereby reducing the impact on the passivation reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 The SEM image of the battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 Fluorescence test spectra of a cell with light-converting particles and a cell without a light-transmitting layer provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 Fluorescence test spectra of the cell with light-conversion particles and the cell with light-conversion particles and anti-reflection particles provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals

[0025] 1-Battery body;

[0026] 11 - base;

[0027] 12- passivation layer;

[0028] 13-grid line;

[0029] 2-photic layer;

[0030] 21-adhesive film layer;

[0031] 22-light-converting particles;

[0032] 23- Anti-reflection particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0036] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a battery body 1 and a light-transmitting layer 2, and the battery body 1 includes a substrate 11 and a passivation layer 12. The battery body 1 has a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface. Along the thickness direction of the battery body 1, the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface are located on opposite sides of the battery body 1, the passivation layer 12 is located on the side of the battery body 1 facing the light-receiving surface, and the light-transmitting layer 2 is located on the side of the passivation layer 12 away from the substrate 11. The light-transmitting layer 2 includes an adhesive film layer 21, light-conversion particles 22 and anti-reflection particles 23, and the light-conversion particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 are arranged on the battery body 1 through the adhesive film layer 21. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is less than or equal to the average diameter of the light-conversion particles 22. The light-conversion particles 22 are used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light, and the anti-reflection particles 23 are used to increase the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2.

[0038] Crystalline silicon solar cells are affected by low ultraviolet brightness. During operation, the optical loss in the ultraviolet band is large, which will affect the short-circuit current and conversion efficiency of the battery body 1. At the same time, ultraviolet light will destroy the passivation structure of the battery body 1 located on the light-receiving surface, affecting the passivation reaction and causing the efficiency of the battery body 1 to decrease.

[0039] In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application, by setting a light-transmitting layer 2 on the light-receiving surface of the battery body 1, the light-converting particles 22 of the light-transmitting layer 2 follow the photoluminescence phenomenon of Stokes' law, that is, the energy of the photons emitted is lower than the energy of the photons absorbed, and the emission spectrum of the light-converting particles 22 is located at the long-wave change of the excitation spectrum. The light-converting particles 22 can absorb high-energy short-wave radiation and emit low-energy long-wave radiation, thereby converting ultraviolet light. Therefore, the light-converting particles 22 can be used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light, thereby improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light by the battery body 1, which is beneficial to improving the short-circuit current and efficiency of the battery body 1, and inhibiting ultraviolet attenuation. Since ultraviolet light can be converted into visible light by the light-converting particles 22 and then enter the battery body 1, the ultraviolet-induced attenuation of the battery body 1 can be reduced, thereby helping to improve the service life of the battery body 1, and improve the efficiency of the battery body 1, which is more in line with actual use requirements. The provision of anti-reflection particles 23 can improve the transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2, thereby reducing optical losses, which is beneficial to better absorption of light by the battery body 1. The optical thickness of the anti-reflection particles 23 is 0.25λ, and the optical thickness refers to the total attenuation produced by the absorbing and scattering substances per unit cross-sectional area when calculating the radiation transmission. For vertical incident light with a wavelength of λ, the two reflected light beams have minimal interference, while the transmitted light has maximum interference, that is, the reflectivity is minimal and the transmitted light can reach the maximum, thereby improving the transmittance. The incident light of the battery cell usually refers to sunlight. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is smaller than that of the light conversion particles 22, which can help reduce the reflection of the light-transmitting layer 2 and improve the absorption efficiency of the battery cell for light. When the average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is larger than that of the light conversion particles 22, the anti-reflection effect of the anti-reflection particles 23 will be reduced, and when the diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is large, it will affect its own optical thickness, resulting in a reduction in the anti-reflection effect.

[0040] When measuring the average diameter of the particles, 10 light-converting particles 22 can be randomly selected in the SEM image, and the average value of the diameters can be calculated to obtain the average diameter of the light-converting particles 22. When calculating the anti-reflection particles 23, the same method can be adopted, and 10 anti-reflection particles 23 can be selected in the SEM image, and the average value of the diameters can be calculated to obtain the average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23.

[0041] The light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged on the side of the passivation layer 12 away from the substrate 11. Therefore, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the passivation layer 12 may not be adjusted, and when processing the battery body 1, the process flow of the battery body 1 may not be adjusted. After the battery body 1 is processed, the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged on the light-receiving side of the battery body 1. Such a design can reduce the impact on the passivation layer 12, thereby reducing the impact on the passivation reaction.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a SEM image of a cell provided in an embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation, the diameter of the light-converting particle 22 is 20 nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 is 20 nanometers to 300 nanometers. The diameter of the light-converting particle 22 can be 20 nanometers, 60 nanometers, 100 nanometers, 140 nanometers, 180 nanometers, 220 nanometers, 260 nanometers, 300 nanometers, 340 nanometers, 380 nanometers, 420 nanometers, 460 nanometers, 500 nanometers, etc. The diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 can be 20 nanometers, 40 nanometers, 60 nanometers, 80 nanometers, 100 nanometers, 120 nanometers, 140 nanometers, 160 nanometers, 180 nanometers, 200 nanometers, 220 nanometers, 240 nanometers, 260 nanometers, 280 nanometers, 300 nanometers, etc.

[0043] When the diameter of the light-converting particle 22 is less than 20 nanometers, the diameter of the light-converting particle 22 is too small, which may easily lead to uneven distribution of the light-converting particle 22 during setting, affecting the conversion efficiency of the light-transmitting layer 2 for light in the ultraviolet band. When the diameter of the light-converting particle 22 is greater than 500 nanometers, it may increase the difficulty of processing and affect the processing efficiency. When the diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 is less than 20 nanometers, the diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 is too small, which may increase the difficulty of preparation and may easily lead to uneven distribution of the anti-reflection particle 23 when the anti-reflection particle 23 is set. When the diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 is greater than 300 nanometers, the diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 is too large, which may reduce the reflection-reducing effect of the anti-reflection particle 23 and affect the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the refractive index of the light-converting particles 22 is 1.1 to 1.6, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection particles 23 is 1.1 to 1.5. The refractive index of the light-converting particles 22 may be 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, etc. The refractive index of the anti-reflection particles 23 may be 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, etc.

[0045] When the refractive index of the light-converting particle 22 is less than 1.1 and the refractive index of the light-transmitting particle is less than 1.1, the overall refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 2 is relatively small, and the material preparation is difficult, which will lead to increased costs. When the refractive index of the light-converting particle 22 is greater than 1.6 and the refractive index of the anti-reflection particle 23 is greater than 1.5, the overall refractive index of the light-transmitting layer 2 is relatively large, which affects the transmission rate of light in the light-transmitting layer 2 and causes increased optical losses. In addition, as the refractive index increases, the reflectivity of the light-transmitting layer 2 may increase, causing part of the light to be reflected by the light-transmitting layer 2 and unable to be transmitted to the battery body 1, thereby affecting the conversion efficiency of the battery cell.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the excitation wavelength of the light-transmitting layer 2 is 200 nanometers to 500 nanometers, and / or the fluorescence characteristic peak of the light-transmitting layer 2 is at a wavelength of 400 nanometers to 900 nanometers.

[0047] The excitation wavelength of the light-transmitting layer 2 is 200 nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the excitation wavelength can include the wavelength range of ultraviolet light, so that the light-transmitting layer 2 can convert ultraviolet light into visible light, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of the battery body 1 and reducing the damage of ultraviolet light to the passivation layer 12, which is beneficial to extend the service life of the battery cell and improve the conversion efficiency. The battery body 1 has a high absorption efficiency for visible light, but a low absorption efficiency for ultraviolet light. Therefore, the ultraviolet light is converted by the light-transmitting layer 2, and the characteristic peak of fluorescence is in the wavelength range of 400 nanometers to 900 nanometers, indicating that the light-transmitting layer 2 can emit visible and near-infrared light. Therefore, the light-transmitting layer 2 can convert ultraviolet light into visible light, thereby improving the overall absorption rate of the battery body 1 for light, and further improving the efficiency of the battery cell.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the light-converting particles 22 include at least one of a silicate containing a rare earth element and a sulfide containing a rare earth element, and the rare earth element includes but is not limited to europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), etc. The light-converting particles 22 may be MgSiO3:Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ , CdS quantum dots. The anti-reflection particles 23 may be metal oxides with a wide band gap such as magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide. The band gap of the metal oxide is not less than 1.5 eV.

[0049] This design allows the ultraviolet light to be converted by the light-converting particles 22, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the passivation layer 12 of the battery body 1 and improving the conversion efficiency of the battery cell. When the band gap of the metal oxide is less than 1.5 eV, the utilization rate of the anti-reflection particles 23 for light is low, which will affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery cell.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the adhesive film layer 21 is a resin film layer, the thickness of the resin film layer is 5 nanometers to 100 nanometers, and / or the refractive index of the adhesive film layer 21 is 1.3 to 1.7. The thickness of the adhesive film layer 21 can be 5 nanometers, 10 nanometers, 20 nanometers, 30 nanometers, 40 nanometers, 50 nanometers, 60 nanometers, 70 nanometers, 80 nanometers, 90 nanometers, 100 nanometers, etc. The refractive index of the adhesive film layer 21 can be 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, etc.

[0051] When the thickness of the adhesive film layer 21 is less than 5 nanometers, the thickness of the adhesive film layer 21 is too thin, the bonding ability is small, the light conversion particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 are easy to fall off, and the stability of the light-transmitting layer 2 is poor. When the thickness of the adhesive film layer 21 is greater than 100 nanometers, the thickness of the adhesive film layer 21 is too large, and the transmission distance of light in the adhesive film layer 21 is too large, resulting in increased optical losses during the transmission process, which will affect the conversion efficiency of the battery cell. When the refractive index of the adhesive film layer 21 is less than 1.3, the refractive index of the adhesive film layer 21 is too small, the requirements for materials are high, and the preparation difficulty is too great, resulting in increased costs and affecting production efficiency. When the refractive index of the adhesive film layer 21 is greater than 1.7, it will affect the transmission efficiency of light in the adhesive film layer 21, increase the loss of light during the transmission process, and thus affect the conversion efficiency of the battery cell.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in a possible implementation, the light-receiving surface of the battery body 1 is provided with a first area and a second area. The first area is used to arrange the grid line 13, and the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged in the second area.

[0053] This design can reduce the influence of the light-transmitting layer 2 on the gate line 13. When the light-transmitting layer 2 is disposed in the first region, it will cover the surface of the gate line 13, affecting the contact performance of the gate line 13, and further affecting the working state of the cell.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the width of the first region may be greater than the width of the gate line 13. Such a design may allow a certain distance between the light-transmitting layer 2 and the gate line 13, thereby reducing the possibility of the light-transmitting layer 2 covering the gate line 13, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and reducing the impact of the light-transmitting layer 2 on the gate line 13.

[0055] When producing a battery cell, the light-converting particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 can be added to the resin material. After the battery body 1 is processed, the resin material with the light-converting particles 22 can be first arranged on the side where the light-receiving surface of the battery body 1 is located, and then the resin material with the anti-reflection particles 23 can be arranged on the side where the light-receiving surface of the battery body 1 is located. Such a design can be conducive to arranging the anti-reflection particles 23 on the side of the light-converting particles 22 away from the passivation layer 12. Such a design is conducive to improving the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2, thereby improving the absorption efficiency and conversion efficiency of the battery cell.

[0056] In a possible implementation, in the projection along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the total area of ​​the second region is m, the total area of ​​the light-converting particles 22 is n, and the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles 23 is q, and m, n, q satisfy: 0.1m≤n≤m, 0.4m≤q≤m. The area of ​​the light-converting particles 22 accounts for 10% to 100% of the area of ​​the second region, and the anti-reflection particles 23 account for 40% to 100% of the area of ​​the second region. The light-converting particles 22 may account for 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, etc. of the area of ​​the second region. The anti-reflection particles 23 may account for 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, etc. of the area of ​​the second region.

[0057] When the area of ​​the light-converting particles 22 in the second region accounts for less than 10%, the area of ​​the light-converting particles 22 is too small, the conversion efficiency of ultraviolet light is low, and the efficiency improvement effect on the cell is small. When the area of ​​the anti-reflection particles 23 in the second region accounts for less than 40%, the area of ​​the anti-reflection particles 23 is too small, the light transmittance improvement effect on the light-transmitting layer 2 is small, and the efficiency improvement effect on the cell is small.

[0058] In a possible implementation manner, the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles 23 is not less than the total area of ​​the light conversion particles 22 .

[0059] Such a design is helpful to improve the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2, so that more light can enter the light-transmitting layer 2 and be converted by the light-converting particles 22. When the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles 23 is smaller than the total area of ​​the light-converting particles 22, less light may enter the light-transmitting layer 2, resulting in a lower utilization rate of the light-converting particles 22, which affects the conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0060] The solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is capable of converting ultraviolet light in the light and converting ultraviolet light into visible light by setting a light-transmitting layer 2 containing light-converting particles 22 and anti-reflection particles 23 on the front side of the battery body 1. This can improve the absorption efficiency of the battery cell for light while reducing ultraviolet attenuation and reducing the damage of ultraviolet light to the passivation layer 12, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the battery cell and reducing the impact of ultraviolet attenuation on efficiency.

[0061] After the battery body 1 is processed, the light-transmitting layer 2 can be disposed on the side where the light-receiving surface of the battery body 1 is located by spin coating, spray coating, scraping coating, etc. Such a design does not require adjustment of the processing technology of the battery body 1. After the battery body 1 is processed, the process of coating the light-transmitting layer 2 can be added, and the production difficulty is relatively low. When the light-transmitting layer 2 is disposed, the grid line 13 can be shielded to reduce the possibility of disposing the light-transmitting layer 2 in the first area.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the light-transmitting layer 2 may include an adhesive layer and light-converting particles 22. The light-converting particles 22 include but are not limited to silicates or sulfides of rare earth elements. Rare earth elements include but are not limited to europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), etc. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The horizontal axis is the wavelength of the emitted light, and the vertical axis is the intensity of the fluorescence signal. The polished silicon wafer is a cell without light-converting particles 22, and the polished silicon wafer / light-converting particles 22 is a cell with a light-transmitting layer 2 having light-converting particles 22 disposed on the cell body 1. Figure 4 The curves in the figure are the fluorescence signal intensities of each solution under different excitation wavelengths. Figure 4 It can be clearly seen that the fluorescence signal intensity of the embodiment with light conversion particles 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application is significantly higher than that of the solution without light conversion particles 22. At the same time, no fluorescence characteristic peak appears in the curve of the solution without light conversion particles 22, that is, the solution without light conversion particles 22 cannot convert ultraviolet light, while the solution with light conversion particles 22 can convert ultraviolet light through the light conversion particles 22 and convert ultraviolet light into visible light, which is beneficial to the battery body 1 to absorb light.

[0063] Taking TOPCon battery as an example, the data in Table 1 and Table 2 are obtained by testing the TOPCon battery:

[0064] Table 1

[0065] TOPCon Battery Voc(V) Isc(A) FF(%) Eta(%) Before coating photoconversion particles 0.7354 13.866 85.15 25.93 After coating the photoconverting particles 0.7356 13.927 85.16 26.06

[0066] Table 2

[0067]

[0068] In the table, Voc is the open circuit voltage, Isc is the short circuit current, FF is the fill factor, and Eta is the efficiency. UV irradiation 15 kWh means the total irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp to the solar cell is 15 kWh.

[0069] As shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, by providing a light-transmitting layer 2 having light-converting particles 22 on the light-receiving surface of the TOPCon cell, the short-circuit current of the TOPCon cell can be increased by 61 mA, the conversion efficiency can be increased by 0.13%, and the ultraviolet induced degradation (UVID) can be reduced by 0.3%.

[0070] It should be noted here that the solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied not only to crystalline silicon cells, but also to other perovskite stacked cells, back contact cells, PERC, HIT and other solar cells, and has the same corresponding effects.

[0071] According to the actual test results, by providing a light-transmitting layer 2 on the light-receiving side of the TOPCon cell, the short-circuit current and conversion efficiency of the TOPCon cell can be improved, and the ultraviolet attenuation can be reduced. Thus, while improving the conversion efficiency of the cell, the damage of the ultraviolet light to the passivation layer 12 can also be reduced, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the cell.

[0072] In the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the processing technology of the battery body 1 is not changed, the grid line 13 is first arranged on the battery body 1, and then the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged. Since high-temperature sintering and other operations are required in the process of setting the grid line 13, when the grid line 13 is set first and then the grid line 13 is set, the light-transmitting layer 2 will be affected by the high temperature, causing the structure of the light-transmitting layer 2 to be deformed or damaged, thereby affecting the performance of the light-transmitting layer 2.

[0073] The light conversion particles 22 can be used to convert ultraviolet light, and the anti-reflection particles 23 in the light-transmitting layer 2 can be used to increase the light transmittance, thereby helping to improve the conversion efficiency of the light-transmitting layer 2 .

[0074] The diameter of the anti-reflection particle 23 may not exceed the diameter of the light conversion particle 22 , the refractive index of the anti-reflection particle 23 may not exceed the refractive index of the light conversion particle 22 , and the area ratio of the anti-reflection particle 23 may not be less than the area ratio of the light conversion particle 22 .

[0075] By controlling the diameter, refractive index and area ratio of the anti-reflection particles 23 and the light conversion particles 22, the performance of the light-transmitting layer 2 can be adjusted so that the light-transmitting layer 2 has a high ultraviolet light conversion rate while having a good light transmittance.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, in a possible implementation, Figure 5 The horizontal axis is the wavelength of the emitted light, and the vertical axis is the intensity of the fluorescence signal. The cell with the light-transmitting layer 2 can show a characteristic fluorescence peak when irradiated. This shows that by setting the light-transmitting layer 2, ultraviolet light can be converted into visible light. When the cell cannot convert ultraviolet light, no characteristic fluorescence peak will appear in the fluorescence test spectrum.

[0077] The characteristic peak of fluorescence appears in the wavelength range of 400 nanometers to 900 nanometers, and the excitation wavelength of the light conversion particle 22 is in the range of 200 to 500 nanometers. Therefore, ultraviolet light can be converted by the light conversion particle 22 with good conversion efficiency.

[0078] Figure 5The two curves in the figure are respectively the fluorescence spectrum curve of adding only the light-converting particles 22 to the light-transmitting layer 2, and the fluorescence spectrum curve of adding the light-converting particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 to the light-transmitting layer 2. By comparison, it can be obtained that by adding the light-converting particles 22 to the light-transmitting layer 2, a fluorescence characteristic peak can be generated, that is, ultraviolet light can be converted into visible light. After adding the light-converting particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 to the light-transmitting layer 2 at the same time, the fluorescence spectrum signal intensity is 5 to 10 times that of the fluorescence spectrum signal intensity of the solution without adding the anti-reflection particles 23.

[0079] In the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the battery cell is 50 microns to 300 microns. The thickness of the battery cell can be 50 microns, 70 microns, 90 microns, 110 microns, 130 microns, 150 microns, 170 microns, 190 microns, 210 microns, 230 microns, 250 microns, 270 microns, 290 microns, 300 microns, etc. The battery body 1 can be a TOPCon battery, etc.

[0080] In the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged in the second area of ​​the battery cell, the thickness of the adhesive film layer 21, the diameter of the light-converting particles 22 and the diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 are all in the nanometer level, and the thickness of the gate line 13 is in the micrometer level. Therefore, the arrangement of the light-transmitting layer 2 in the second area of ​​the battery cell has little effect on the thickness of the battery cell. The solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can convert ultraviolet light through the light-transmitting layer 2 without increasing the thickness of the battery cell, and improve the transmittance through the anti-reflection particles 23, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery cell.

[0081] Based on the battery cells provided in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application also provide a photovoltaic module, which includes battery cells. The battery cells can be the battery cells involved in any of the above embodiments. Since the battery cells have the above technical effects, the photovoltaic module including the battery cells also has the corresponding technical effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] The photovoltaic module may include a cover plate, a first adhesive film, a battery string, a second adhesive film and a back plate in order from top to bottom along the thickness direction. The battery string may be formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series and / or in parallel.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application provides a cell and a photovoltaic module, the cell comprises a cell body 1 and a light-transmitting layer 2, the cell body 1 comprises a substrate 11 and a passivation layer 12, the passivation layer 12 is arranged on the side of the substrate 11 facing the light-receiving surface of the cell body 1, and the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged on the side of the passivation layer 12 away from the substrate 11, that is, the light-transmitting layer 2 is arranged on the side where the light-receiving surface of the cell body 1 is located. The light-transmitting layer 2 comprises an adhesive film layer 21, light-converting particles 22 and anti-reflection particles 23, the light-converting particles 22 and the anti-reflection particles 23 are arranged on the cell body 1 through the adhesive film layer 21, and the average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is less than or equal to the average diameter of the light-converting particles 22. The light-converting particles 22 can be used to convert ultraviolet light into visible light, and the anti-reflection particles 23 can increase the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2, thereby facilitating the improvement of the conversion efficiency of the light-converting particles 22. Through such a design, ultraviolet light in the light can be converted, which is beneficial for the cell body 1 to absorb light, thereby reducing optical losses, and further improving the conversion efficiency of the cell. The average diameter of the anti-reflection particles 23 is smaller than the average diameter of the light conversion particles 22 , which can help reduce the reflection of the light-transmitting layer 2 and improve the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer 2 , which is more in line with actual usage requirements.

[0084] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the present application based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application does not limit the scope of implementation to what is shown in the drawings. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present application, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: The battery cell comprises: A battery body (1) comprising a substrate (11) and a passivation layer (12); A light-transmitting layer (2), the light-transmitting layer (2) being arranged on one side of the battery body; The battery body comprises a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface, the passivation layer (12) is located on the side of the substrate (11) facing the light-receiving surface, the light-transmitting layer (2) is arranged on the side of the passivation layer (12) away from the substrate (11), the light-transmitting layer (2) comprises an adhesive film layer (21), light-converting particles (22) and anti-reflection particles (23), the light-converting particles (22) and the anti-reflection particles (23) are arranged on the battery body (1) through the adhesive film layer (21), and the average diameter of the anti-reflection particles (23) is less than or equal to the average diameter of the light-converting particles (22).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the light conversion particles (22) is between 20 nanometers and 500 nanometers, and the diameter of the anti-reflection particles (23) is between 20 nanometers and 300 nanometers.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractive index of the light conversion particles (22) is 1.1 to 1.6, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection particles (23) is 1.1 to 1.

5.

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation wavelength of the light-transmitting layer (2) is between 200 nanometers and 500 nanometers, and / or the characteristic fluorescence peak of the light-transmitting layer (2) is between 400 nanometers and 900 nanometers.

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light conversion particles (22) include at least one of a silicate containing a rare earth element and a sulfide containing a rare earth element, and the anti-reflection particles (23) include a metal oxide, and the band gap of the metal oxide is not less than 1.5 eV.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive film layer (21) is a resin film layer, the thickness of the adhesive film layer is 5 nanometers to 100 nanometers, and / or the refractive index of the adhesive film layer (21) is 1.3 to 1.

7.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The light-receiving surface of the battery body (1) is provided with a first area and a second area, the first area is used to arrange the grid line (13), and the light-transmitting layer (2) is arranged in the second area.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the projection along the thickness direction of the battery cell, the total area of ​​the second region is m, the total area of ​​the light conversion particles (22) is n, the total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles (23) is q, and 0.1m≤n≤m, 0.4m≤q≤m.

9. The battery cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The total area of ​​the anti-reflection particles (23) is not less than the total area of ​​the light conversion particles (22).

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises a cell, and the cell is the cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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