Field precision fertilization method and device under melon-cotton intercropping mode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field fertilization, and discloses a field precision fertilization method and device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode. A fertilizer box is fixed on the upper front part of a frame by a side frame, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a distribution mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe. When the device moves forward as a whole, a linkage mechanism drives the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shift plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer quantitative pipe. The fertilizer shift plate rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box and the discharge pipe to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. When the fertilizer shift plate shifts the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls to the surface of the limit plate through the gap between adjacent fixed arms. When the limit plate rotates, the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limit plate evenly enters the fertilizer quantitative pipe through the fertilizer leakage through hole. The fertilizer evenly falls to the fertilizer spreading disc through the fertilizer quantitative pipe, forming uniform spreading of the fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of field fertilization, and in particular to a method and device for precision fertilization in a field under a melon-cotton intercropping mode. Background Art

[0002] Intercropping of watermelon and cotton makes full use of the spatial ecological niche. By rationally matching the planting of watermelon and cotton, the maximum utilization of light energy, space and time resources is achieved.

[0003] When intercropping melons and cotton in large fields, a fertilizing device and a seeder are generally integrated to achieve simultaneous fertilization and sowing. However, when the fertilizing device is in use, the fertilizer is easily clogged due to agglomeration, resulting in uneven fertilizer discharge. In addition, the fertilizer discharge amount cannot be controlled when the fertilizer is discharged. Once the discharge amount is large, the fertilizer will not be able to be spread in time, and the fertilization will be inaccurate, resulting in uneven fertilization. For this reason, we have introduced a large-scale precision fertilization method and device for large fields in the melon-cotton intercropping mode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for precision fertilization in a field under a melon-cotton intercropping mode, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode comprises a frame, a running wheel is provided at the middle of the lower end of the frame, and a plurality of guide wheels are connected between two sets of running wheels via a rotating shaft; a fertilizer box is fixed to the upper front of the frame by a side frame, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a distributing mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe;

[0007] The feeding mechanism includes a vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer shifting plates connected to the top of the vertical shaft, a limit plate fixed to the upper part of the vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer metering tubes connected to the lower end of the limit plate, a connector fixed to the lower part of the vertical shaft, a rotating rod inside the connector that extends from the top part into the fertilizer metering tube and then connects to a spiral blade, and a gear and a bottom arc-shaped blade that are sequentially fixed after the bottom part of the rotating rod extends out of the connector.

[0008] An inner gear ring is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the discharge pipe, and the gear is engaged with the inner gear ring. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring drives the spiral blade to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe through the gear and the rotating rod;

[0009] The bottom of the vertical shaft extends out of the discharge pipe and is connected to a fertilizer spreading plate;

[0010] The rotating shaft adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube, and the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer spreading disc rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical plate is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the vertical plate and are fixed to the middle of the traveling wheel;

[0012] The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley fixed on the rotating shaft, a first spiral bevel gear fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading disc, a second spiral bevel gear meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear, a drive shaft fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear, a second pulley connected to the end of the drive shaft, and a belt connected between the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the first pulley is located between the outermost guide wheel and the corresponding vertical plate;

[0014] A limiting sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, and a side of the limiting sleeve is fixed to the frame by a connecting fixing frame.

[0015] Preferably, a sleeve seat is provided in the center of the upper side of the discharge pipe, and the side of the sleeve seat is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by using a plurality of groups of fixed arms distributed at equal intervals;

[0016] The sleeve seat is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and the sleeve seat is located between the upper end of the limit plate and the bottom of the fertilizer shifting plate;

[0017] The top of the vertical shaft extends into the interior of the fertilizer box and is welded to the fertilizer shifting plate, and the plurality of groups of fertilizer shifting plates are distributed at equal intervals.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting plate is provided with a plurality of fertilizer leakage through holes distributed at equal intervals, and the top of the fertilizer quantitative tube is communicated with the corresponding fertilizer leakage through holes.

[0019] Preferably, the outer diameter of the connector gradually decreases from bottom to top, the connector is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer metering tube, and the inner side of the connector is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft by a reinforcing plate.

[0020] Preferably, the outer side of the inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by using several groups of connecting arms distributed at equal intervals.

[0021] Preferably, the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate is gradually convex from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of groups of partition plates are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate.

[0022] Preferably, side baffles are provided on both sides of the front lower end of the frame, and a rear baffle is further provided at the rear between the side baffles on both sides. The side baffles and the rear baffle block the fertilizer sprinkled by the fertilizer spreading plate from both sides and the rear respectively.

[0023] The present invention also provides a fertilizing method of a field precision fertilizing device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. When the frame moves forward, the travel wheel rotates, causing the rotating shaft to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism;

[0025] S2. The fertilizer shifting plate connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube;

[0026] S3. The spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading plate, and the fertilizer spreading plate rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0027] The fertilizer dispensing plate is connected to the fertilizer dispensing tube by the fertilizer dispensing plate, and the fertilizer dispensing plate rotates at the connection between the fertilizer dispensing tube and the fertilizer dispensing plate, thereby preventing the fertilizer from accumulating and clogging at the connection. When the fertilizer dispensing plate is driven to dispense the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls onto the surface of the limiting plate through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms. When the limiting plate is rotated, the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limiting plate enters the fertilizer dispensing tube evenly through the fertilizer leakage through hole. The spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer dispensing tube out of the fertilizer dispensing tube, thereby avoiding the blockage of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box and allowing the fertilizer in the fertilizer box to enter different fertilizer dispensing tubes respectively. When the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer dispensing tube to the fertilizer dispensing plate, it can be ensured that the fertilizer falls evenly onto the fertilizer dispensing plate through the fertilizer dispensing tube, thereby forming a uniform spreading of the fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention as a whole;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the soil covering roller and the frame of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the distribution mechanism and the fertilizer spreading plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another angle;

[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the connection between the seeding drum and the sealing disk of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the temporary seed storage bucket, L-shaped frame, extension frame and sowing drum of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 A third three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0037] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Travel wheel; 3. Slanted scraper wheel; 4. Side baffle; 5. Rear baffle; 6. Film retracting roller; 7. Guide wheel; 8. Seed storage bucket; 9. Seeding drum; 10. Extension frame; 11. Blocking plate; 12. Sowing drum; 13. Corrugated elbow; 14. L-shaped frame; 15. Soil covering drum; 16. Fertilizer box; 17. Fertilizer spreading plate; 18. Side frame; 19. Connecting frame; 20. Fertilizer plate; 21. Discharge pipe; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Soil leakage slot; 24. Vertical plate; 25. Travel plate; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Mounting frame; 28. Limiting ring; 29. ​​Reinforcement arm; 30 , horizontal plate; 31, tensioning spring; 32, fixed arm; 33, sleeve seat; 34, limiting plate; 35, fertilizer leakage through hole; 36, fertilizer metering tube; 37, inner gear ring; 38, bottom arc blade; 39, connector; 40, rotating rod; 41, reinforcing plate; 42, connecting arm; 43, spacer plate; 44, gear; 45, vertical shaft; 46, spiral blade; 47, pin shaft; 48, limiting support ring; 50, connecting fixed frame; 51, first spiral bevel gear; 52, second spiral bevel gear; 53, driving shaft; 54, limiting sleeve; 55, second pulley; 56, belt; 57, first pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example:

[0041] See also Figure 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0042] A field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode comprises a frame 1. A connecting frame 19 for mounting on a traction tractor is provided at the middle of the front end of the frame 1. The traction tractor is a Tianjin Tieniu 654 or 724 tractor, a Xinjiang 704 tractor, an 804 rotary tiller matching tractor, or other models that meet usage requirements.

[0043] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, when the traction tractor moves forward to the left side in the figure, the traction tractor drives the frame 1 to move forward through the connecting frame 19.

[0044] A running wheel 2 and several groups of guide wheels 7 are provided in the middle of the lower end of the frame 1. A vertical plate 24 is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the frame 1. Both ends of the rotating shaft 22 pass through the vertical plate 24 and are fixed to the middle of the running wheel 2.

[0045] A fertilizer box 16 is fixed to the upper front of the frame 1 by a side frame 18. A discharge pipe 21 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 16, and a feeding mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe 21.

[0046] The feeding mechanism includes a vertical shaft 45, several groups of fertilizer paddles 20 connected to the top of the vertical shaft 45, a limit plate 34 fixed to the upper part of the vertical shaft 45, several groups of fertilizer metering tubes 36 connected to the lower end of the limit plate 34, a connector 39 fixed to the lower part of the vertical shaft 45, a rotating rod 40 inside the connector 39, the top of which extends into the fertilizer metering tube 36 and then connects to the spiral blade 46, and the bottom of the rotating rod 40 extends out of the connector 39 and is fixed in sequence with a gear 44 and a bottom curved blade 38;

[0047] An inner gear ring 37 is fixed to the lower portion of the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21, and a gear 44 is engaged with the inner gear ring 37. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe 36 through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40;

[0048] The bottom of the vertical shaft 45 extends out of the discharge pipe 21 and is connected to the fertilizer spreading plate 17;

[0049] The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley 57 fixed on the rotating shaft 22, a first spiral bevel gear 51 fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading disc 17, a second spiral bevel gear 52 meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, a drive shaft 53 fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear 52, a second pulley 55 connected to the end of the drive shaft 53, and a belt 56 connected between the first pulley 57 and the second pulley 55.

[0050] The first pulley 57 is located between the outermost guide wheel 7 and the corresponding vertical plate 24;

[0051] A limiting sleeve 54 is sleeved on the driving shaft 53 , and a bearing sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 53 is provided inside the limiting sleeve 54 . The side of the limiting sleeve 54 is fixed to the frame 1 by a connecting fixing frame 50 .

[0052] The traveling wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise. The rotating shaft 22 drives the driving shaft 53 and the second spiral bevel gear 52 on the driving shaft 53 to rotate through the first pulley 57, the belt 56 and the second pulley 55. Since the second spiral bevel gear 52 is engaged with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, the second spiral bevel gear 52 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 to rotate through the first spiral bevel gear 51.

[0053] At the same time, since the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer shifting plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limiting plate 34 are a fixedly connected whole, the whole rotates synchronously.

[0054] A sleeve seat 33 is provided in the center of the upper side of the discharge pipe 21, and the side of the sleeve seat 33 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21 by several groups of fixed arms 32 distributed at equal intervals; the sleeve seat 33 is sleeved on the vertical shaft 45, and the sleeve seat 33 is also provided with a bearing sleeved on the outside of the vertical shaft 45. The sleeve seat 33 is located between the upper end of the limit plate 34 and the bottom of the fertilizer dial plate 20; the top of the vertical shaft 45 extends into the interior of the fertilizer box 16 and is welded to the fertilizer dial plate 20, and several groups of fertilizer dial plates 20 are distributed at equal intervals.

[0055] The limiting plate 34 is located in the discharge pipe 21 , and the outer diameter of the limiting plate 34 is consistent with the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 21 . The limiting plate 34 is provided with a plurality of fertilizer leakage holes 35 distributed at equal intervals. The top of the fertilizer quantitative pipe 36 is connected to the corresponding fertilizer leakage holes 35 .

[0056] In this way, when the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer shifting plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limiting plate 34 rotate as a whole, the fertilizer shifting plate 20 rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box 16 and the discharge pipe 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. As the fertilizer shifting plate 20 shifts the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms 32 to the surface of the limiting plate 34. As the limiting plate 34 rotates, the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limiting plate 34 evenly enters the fertilizer metering tube 36 through the fertilizer leakage through hole 35.

[0057] In this way, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be prevented from being blocked, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be respectively entered into different fertilizer metering tubes 36. When the spiral blades 46 rotate to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tubes 36 to the fertilizer spreading plate 17, it can be ensured that the fertilizer falls evenly to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tubes 36, thereby forming a uniform spreading of the fertilizer.

[0058] The outer diameter of the connector 39 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The connector 39 is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer metering tube 36, and the inner side of the connector 39 is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft 45 using a reinforcing plate 41. The connector 39 also has a bearing mounted on the rotating rod 40.

[0059] The outer side of the inner gear ring 37 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21 by using a plurality of groups of connecting arms 42 distributed at equal intervals.

[0060] Since the gear 44 is engaged with the inside of the inner gear ring 37, when the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 to rotate in the fertilizer metering tube 36 through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40, so as to realize the transportation of the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 to the fertilizer spreading plate 17, and also prevent the fertilizer from being blocked in the fertilizer metering tube 36. When the frame 1 moves forward at a uniform speed, the rotation speed of the spiral blade 46 is consistent, which can further ensure that the fertilizer falls evenly to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36, forming a uniform spreading of the fertilizer.

[0061] The upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17 is gradually raised from the outside to the inside, so that the fertilizer evenly falls to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36 can continue to form a downward state, and a plurality of groups of partition plates 43 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17. In this way, the fertilizer can slide down along the channel between adjacent partition plates 43, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the fertilizer is thrown out through the end of the channel between adjacent partition plates 43.

[0062] The rotating shaft 22 adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc 17 and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate 20 shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 into the fertilizer metering tube 36, and the spiral blade 46 rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 out of the fertilizer metering tube 36, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading disc 17, and the fertilizer spreading disc 17 rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0063] Since the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 and the bottom arc blade 38 to rotate through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40, when the fertilizer falls through the bottom of the fertilizer metering tube 36, the bottom arc blade 38 can further disperse the falling fertilizer so that the fertilizer can fall more evenly on the surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17.

[0064] Side baffles 4 are provided on both sides of the lower end of the front portion of the frame 1, and a rear baffle 5 is provided at the rear portion between the side baffles 4 on both sides. The side baffles 4 and the rear baffle 5 respectively block the fertilizer thrown out of the fertilizer spreading plate 17 from both sides and the rear. A notch is also provided on the rear baffle 5 for passing the top of the belt 56.

[0065] A film retracting roller 6 is provided at the upper front end of the frame 1 and is located behind the fertilizer box 16. When the tractor is working and moving forward, the traveling wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and the guide wheel 7 pulls the film on the film retracting roller 6 downward. At this time, the film retracting roller 6 itself can rotate, which ensures that the film can be torn off the film retracting roller 6, and when the soil covers both sides of the film, the film is spread flat on the ground soil.

[0066] A soil covering roller 15 is provided at the lower rear portion of the frame 1. A soil leakage groove 23 is provided on the surface of the soil covering roller 15. Limiting rings 28 are sleeved on both ends of the soil covering roller 15. The top of the limiting ring 28 is fixed to the inner wall of the rear of the frame 1 through a reinforcing arm 29. Several groups of walking plates 25 are provided at equal intervals on the outer sides of the two ends of the soil covering roller 15. When the tractor is working and moving forward, the walking plates 25 come into contact with the ground to make the soil covering roller 15 rotate counterclockwise.

[0067] Furthermore, the rear sides of the frame 1 are provided with angled scraper wheels 3, located outside the ends of the covering drum 15. A mounting bracket 27 is provided at the rear upper end of the frame 1. The angled scraper wheels 3 are movably connected to the inner bottom side of a connecting plate 26, which passes through the mounting bracket 27 and is secured with bolts. This arrangement allows the height of the angled scraper wheels 3 to be adjusted by adjusting the height of the connecting plate 26. As the angled scraper wheels 3 move forward with the frame 1, they scrape up the ground soil, covering it partially on both sides of the film while allowing the remaining portion of the soil to enter the outer end of the covering drum 15.

[0068] As the soil covering roller 15 rotates counterclockwise, the soil inside the roller 15 falls onto the surface of the film through the soil leakage grooves 23 at the bottom, compacting the film.

[0069] At the rear end of the frame 1, L-shaped frames 14 are evenly spaced. A temporary seed storage bucket 8 is fixed to the rear end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped frame 14. An extension frame 10 is movably connected to the bottom of the vertical portion of the L-shaped frame 14 using a pin 47. Blocking discs 11 are fixed to the inner walls on both sides of the rear end of the extension frame 10. A limit support ring 48 is provided on the inner wall of the blocking disc 11. The sowing drum 9 between the two groups of blocking discs 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding limit support ring 48, and a plurality of groups of sowing barrels 12 are evenly spaced on the surface of the sowing drum 9.

[0070] Both sides of the bottom of the seed temporary storage bucket 8 are connected to the blocking plate 11 by using corrugated elbows 13, so that the sowing drum 9 is connected to the seed temporary storage bucket 8 through the corrugated elbows 13.

[0071] In the specific melon-cotton interplanting mode, melon and fruit (watermelon, etc.) seeds are put into the seed temporary storage bucket 8 in the middle position, and cotton seeds are put into the seed temporary storage buckets 8 on both sides.

[0072] A horizontal plate 30 is fixed on the upper side of the vertical part of the L-shaped frame 14, and a tensioning spring 31 is connected between the horizontal plate 30 and the extension frame 10. Such an arrangement allows the seeding roller 9 on the extension frame 10 to be in close contact with the film on the ground under the action of the elastic force of the tensioning spring 31, so that when moving forward, the seeding drum 12 on the seeding roller 9 punctures the film and generates friction when in contact with the ground, thereby driving the seeding roller 9 to rotate.

[0073] When the film is punctured at the bottom of the sowing barrel 12 to enter the soil, in order to prevent the ground soil from clogging the sowing barrel 12, a duckbill furrow opener covering the outside of the bottom of the sowing barrel 12 can be provided on the sowing drum 9. The duckbill furrow opener utilizes a unique duckbill shape design, which can puncture the film and then dig a pit in the soil, and sow the seeds into the soil along the pit.

[0074] The present invention also provides a fertilizing method of a field precision fertilizing device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. When the frame 1 moves forward, the traveling wheel 2 rotates, so that the rotating shaft 22 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 and the distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism;

[0076] S2. The fertilizer shifting plate 20 connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 into the fertilizer metering pipe 36;

[0077] S3. The spiral blade 46 rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 out of the fertilizer metering tube 36 and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading plate 17. The fertilizer spreading plate 17 rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0078] Specifically, when in use, when the tractor drives the frame 1 to move forward, the walking wheel 2 rotates, and the walking wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and the guide wheel 7 pulls the film on the film retracting roller 6 downward. At the same time, the oblique scraping wheel 3 can scrape up the ground soil, covering part of the soil on both sides of the film so that the film is spread flat on the ground soil, and the other part of the soil enters the inner part of the outer end of the covering drum 15, and as the covering drum 15 rotates counterclockwise, the soil inside it falls to the surface of the film through the soil leakage groove 23 at the bottom, compacting the film;

[0079] The rotating shaft 22 drives the driving shaft 53 and the second spiral bevel gear 52 on the driving shaft 53 to rotate through the first pulley 57, the belt 56 and the second pulley 55. Since the second spiral bevel gear 52 is engaged with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, the second spiral bevel gear 52 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 to rotate through the first spiral bevel gear 51.

[0080] At the same time, since the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer shifting plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limit plate 34 are a fixedly connected whole, the whole rotates synchronously;

[0081] The fertilizer shifting plate 20 rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box 16 and the discharge pipe 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. As the fertilizer shifting plate 20 shifts the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms 32 to the surface of the limit plate 34. As the limit plate 34 rotates, the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limit plate 34 evenly enters the fertilizer metering pipe 36 through the fertilizer leakage through hole 35.

[0082] This can avoid the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 from being blocked, and can make the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 enter different fertilizer metering tubes 36 respectively. When the spiral blades 46 rotate to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tubes 36 to the fertilizer spreading plate 17, it can ensure that the fertilizer falls evenly to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tubes 36, forming a uniform fertilizer spreading.

[0083] When the fertilizer falls from the bottom of the fertilizer metering tube 36, the bottom arc-shaped blades 38 can further disperse the falling fertilizer so that the fertilizer can fall more evenly on the surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17;

[0084] The fertilizer evenly dropped onto the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36 can continue to form a downward trend, and a plurality of groups of partition plates 43 are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17. In this way, the fertilizer can slide down along the channel between adjacent partition plates 43, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the fertilizer is scattered out through the end of the channel between adjacent partition plates 43.

[0085] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision fertilizer application device for field use in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, comprising a frame, a running wheel provided at the middle portion of the lower end of the frame, and a plurality of guide wheels connected between two sets of running wheels via a rotating shaft, characterized in that: A fertilizer box is fixed on the front of the frame by a side frame, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a feeding mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe; The feeding mechanism includes a vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer shifting plates connected to the top of the vertical shaft, a limit plate fixed to the upper part of the vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer metering tubes connected to the lower end of the limit plate, a connector fixed to the lower part of the vertical shaft, a rotating rod inside the connector that extends from the top part into the fertilizer metering tube and then connects to a spiral blade, and a gear and a bottom arc-shaped blade that are sequentially fixed after the bottom part of the rotating rod extends out of the connector. An inner gear ring is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the discharge pipe, and the gear is engaged with the inner gear ring. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring drives the spiral blade to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe through the gear and the rotating rod; The bottom of the vertical shaft extends out of the discharge pipe and is connected to a fertilizer spreading plate; The rotating shaft adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube, and the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer spreading disc rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground; A vertical plate is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the vertical plate and are fixed to the middle of the traveling wheel; The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley fixed on the rotating shaft, a first spiral bevel gear fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading disc, a second spiral bevel gear meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear, a drive shaft fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear, a second pulley connected to the end of the drive shaft, and a belt connected between the first pulley and the second pulley.

2. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pulley is located between the outermost guide wheel and the corresponding vertical plate; A limiting sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, and a side of the limiting sleeve is fixed to the frame by a connecting fixing frame.

3. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve seat is provided in the center of the upper side of the discharge pipe, and the side of the sleeve seat is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by a plurality of fixed arms distributed at equal intervals; The sleeve seat is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and the sleeve seat is located between the upper end of the limit plate and the bottom of the fertilizer shifting plate; The top of the vertical shaft extends into the interior of the fertilizer box and is welded to the fertilizer shifting plate, and the plurality of groups of fertilizer shifting plates are distributed at equal intervals.

4. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate is provided with a plurality of fertilizer leakage through holes distributed at equal intervals, and the top of the fertilizer quantitative tube is communicated with the corresponding fertilizer leakage through holes.

5. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the connector gradually decreases from bottom to top. The connector is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer metering tube, and the inner side of the connector is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft by a reinforcing plate.

6. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by using a plurality of groups of connecting arms distributed at equal intervals.

7. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the fertilizer spreading plate is gradually convex from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of groups of partition plates are evenly distributed on the upper end surface of the fertilizer spreading plate.

8. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side baffles are provided on both sides of the lower end of the front part of the frame, and a rear baffle is further provided at the rear between the side baffles on both sides. The side baffles and the rear baffle respectively block the fertilizer thrown out by the fertilizer spreading plate from both sides and the rear.

9. A fertilizing method based on the field precision fertilizing device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. When the frame moves forward, the travel wheel rotates, causing the rotating shaft to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism; S2. The fertilizer shifting plate connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube; S3. The spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading plate, and the fertilizer spreading plate rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

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