Sowing machine and sowing method applied to intelligent agriculture

Abstract

The invention relates to a seeding machine applied to intelligent agriculture and a seeding method, and relates to the technical field of seeding equipment, the seeding machine comprises a seeding vehicle and a plurality of advancing wheels arranged on the lower side of the seeding vehicle through two assembly shafts, a side backup plate and a bearing platen are mounted on the seeding vehicle, and a seeding device is arranged on the bearing platen; the seeding device comprises an outwards-extending cross rod which is arranged on one side of the bearing bedplate in a limiting and sliding mode through a T-shaped end block, end top seats are symmetrically arranged on the outwards-extending cross rod in a sliding mode, and bulldozing mechanisms used for further crushing soil and ditching in the soil are arranged at the lower ends of the end top seats; the bearing bedplate and the sowing vehicle are provided with a seed discharging unit which is matched with the bulldozing mechanism and is used for discharging seeds; according to the invention, the row spacing and spacing of sowing can be adjusted, soil is further crushed during sowing, the discharging amount of seeds each time can be freely controlled according to needs, and the crushed soil automatically covers the seeds after sowing, so that the sowing effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sowing equipment, and in particular to a sowing machine and a sowing method applied to smart agriculture. Background Art

[0002] Smart agriculture is an agricultural production method that uses modern information technology and intelligent equipment to improve agricultural production efficiency, reduce resource waste and improve the quality of agricultural products. It combines technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, drones, and automated equipment to achieve precision agriculture, sustainable development and ecological balance. The application of automated equipment in smart agriculture is to use drones, automated agricultural machinery and other equipment for sowing, fertilizing, spraying and harvesting, reducing labor costs and improving work efficiency. Agricultural sowing refers to the process of placing seeds in the soil so that they can germinate, grow and eventually form crops. Sowing is an important part of agricultural production.

[0003] For example, in the existing Chinese patent with publication number CN116982435A, an intelligent seeding device and a seeding method for wheat sowing are disclosed. Through the above-mentioned existing technology, the land to be sown can be turned over first, and then the wheat seeds can be sown in waves into the turned over soil, and finally the soil after sowing can be leveled.

[0004] However, the above prior art has the following technical defects:

[0005] When the above device is in use, the handrail is pushed to drive the multiple soil plows under the moving rod to swing back and forth in an elliptical trajectory through the movement of the roller, and the land to be sown is turned over; then, driven by the motor, the wheat seeds in the storage hopper are sown into the soil after turning over in waves by the rotation of the four paddles, and finally, the swing of the moving rod drives the leveling plate to move back and forth in the vertical direction to level the soil after sowing. Because the multiple soil plows are arranged side by side and have a curved shape, the soil will be turned to one side when they swing back and forth in an elliptical trajectory, and the soil is a whole piece and not broken. The seeds dropped from the seeding tube can only fall to the upper part of the soil. When the subsequent leveling plate is reciprocating in the vertical direction, even if it can be accurately pressed down on the turned soil, it can only press the seeds to embed into the soil surface. The seeds are still exposed outside and are not covered with a thin layer of soil, which is easy to be eaten by birds and other animals; and in the process of pressing down and leveling, the leveling plate directly contacts the seeds and it is easy to damage the seeds.

[0006] Secondly, every time the plowshare comes into contact with the ground to turn the soil, the overall resistance of the device will increase, and it is difficult for the staff to keep the device moving at a constant speed by pushing the handrail. Although the four paddles can intermittently unload materials under the drive of the motor, leaving time for the plowshare to turn the soil, the unloading interval is certain. When the device cannot ensure a constant speed, it is easy for the plowshare to fall from the seed tube before the soil is turned, or the soil is turned, but the seed tube does not drop the seeds in time when passing over the turning area; the sowing effect is difficult to guarantee.

[0007] Based on this, on the basis of the existing intelligent seeding device and seeding method for wheat sowing, in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects, there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to adjust the row spacing and spacing of sowing, further fragment the soil during sowing, and freely control the amount of seeds fed each time according to needs, and automatically cover the seeds with the fragmented soil after sowing to improve the sowing effect, the present application provides a sowing machine and a sowing method applied to smart agriculture.

[0009] In the first aspect, the present application provides a seeding machine applied to smart agriculture, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A sowing machine used in smart agriculture, comprising a sowing vehicle and a plurality of traveling wheels arranged on the lower side of the sowing vehicle through two assembly shafts, the sowing vehicle being provided with a side support plate and a supporting platform, and the supporting platform being provided with a sowing device;

[0011] The sowing device comprises an outwardly extending horizontal bar which is slidingly arranged on one side of the supporting platform through a T-shaped end block, a vertical slide groove for slidingly installing the T-shaped end block is provided on the supporting platform, and an electric push rod for controlling the lifting of the T-shaped end block is installed at the vertical slide groove, an end top seat is symmetrically slidingly arranged on the outwardly extending horizontal bar, and a rectangular slide groove for slidingly installing the end top seat is symmetrically penetrated on the outwardly extending horizontal bar;

[0012] A bulldozer mechanism for further crushing the soil and digging trenches in the soil is provided at the lower end of the end top seat, and a seeding unit for seeding in cooperation with the bulldozer mechanism is provided on the supporting platform and the seeding vehicle.

[0013] Preferably, the bulldozer mechanism comprises a middle connecting plate installed on the lower side of the end top seat, a connecting column is provided on the lower side of the middle connecting plate, and an expansion and pushing box is provided at the lower end of the connecting column, an inclined conveying slideway is sleeved on the connecting column, a round casing is vertically installed on one side of the expansion and pushing box, and the upper end of the round casing passes through the conveying slideway, and a cylindrical hole for the round casing to penetrate is opened on the conveying slideway;

[0014] A transmission rod is rotatably provided at the lower side of the middle connecting plate, a spiral shaft connected to the transmission rod is rotatably provided inside the circular casing, a rectangular feed port is vertically opened on the circular casing, and a driving component for driving the spiral shaft to rotate is provided at the lower side of the outwardly extending cross bar.

[0015] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a double-axis motor installed on the middle part of the outwardly extending cross bar through a side mounting seat, square telescopic rods are arranged on both rotating shafts of the double-axis motor, a bevel gear 1 is sleeved on the transmission rod, an L-shaped support rod is arranged on the connecting column, a bevel gear 2 meshing with bevel gear 1 is installed on the L-shaped support rod through the inner shaft limiting rotation, a clamping groove for installing the inner shaft is opened on the L-shaped support rod, and the inner shaft is connected to the telescopic end of the square telescopic rod.

[0016] Preferably, the seeding unit includes two storage boxes mounted on the upper side of the supporting platform, the seeding vehicle is provided with an assembly rod seat, a rectangular inner plate is mounted in the assembly rod seat, two material passing holes are penetrated through the rectangular inner plate, a transmission circular pipe connected to the storage box is installed at the material passing hole on the upper side of the rectangular inner plate, a folding hose connected to the expansion and pushing box is provided at the material passing hole on the lower side of the rectangular inner plate, a discharge hole connected to the folding hose is opened on the upper side of the expansion and pushing box, and a fixed-point material discharge component is provided in the rectangular inner plate.

[0017] Preferably, the fixed-point unloading component includes an inner abutment plate which is limitedly slidably arranged in a rectangular inner plate, the rectangular inner plate is provided with a limiting slide groove which is connected with two material passage holes and for the installation of the inner abutment plate, the inner abutment plate is provided with two central holes, a side drive block is installed on one side of the inner abutment plate, a bidirectional screw rod which extends into the limiting slide groove and is threaded through the side drive block is rotatably provided on the assembly rod seat, and the side drive block is provided with an internal threaded hole which is compatible with the bidirectional screw rod.

[0018] Preferably, the assembly rod seat is provided with a transmission member, and the transmission member includes a lower groove wheel and a double groove wheel rotatably arranged on one side of the assembly rod seat, wherein a transmission groove wheel is arranged at one end of an assembly shaft, a transmission belt 1 is sleeved between the transmission groove wheel and the double groove wheel, and a transmission belt 2 is sleeved between the lower groove wheel and the double groove wheel.

[0019] Preferably, a main circular wheel is sleeved on the end of the bidirectional screw rod away from the side drive block, a side control plate is installed on the assembly rod seat, a secondary circular wheel connected to the lower groove wheel is rotatably arranged on the side control plate, and a middle circular wheel that conflicts with the main circular wheel and the secondary circular wheel is provided on one side of the side control plate.

[0020] Preferably, a positioning pin is inserted into the end top seat, and the end top seat has a round socket adapted to the positioning pin, and the upper side of the outwardly extending cross bar is provided with a plurality of positioning circular grooves for inserting the bottom end of the positioning pin.

[0021] Preferably, a water tank is placed on the seeding vehicle via a supporting seat, a water supply pipe and a spray head connected to the water supply pipe are provided on the water tank, and a water supply pump is installed on the water supply pipe.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application also discloses a sowing method applied to smart agriculture, the sowing method comprising the following steps:

[0023] The first step is equipment placement: first place the seeding vehicle on one side of the sowing area, and make sure the outrigger crossbar is above the soil where furrows need to be dug;

[0024] The second step is depth adjustment: the height of the T-shaped end block and the outward crossbar is controlled by an electric push rod to adjust the depth of the trenching in the soil by the bulldozer mechanism;

[0025] The third step is soil crushing and furrowing: the bulldozer mechanism operates to further crush the soil, and cooperates with the seeding vehicle to open furrows in the soil. By adjusting the distance between the top seats at both ends of the extended crossbar, the furrowing spacing and the sowing row spacing can be adjusted;

[0026] The fourth step is sowing: when the sowing vehicle is driving, the sowing unit automatically places the seeds into the ditch at a certain distance, and under the operation of the bulldozer mechanism, the crushed soil will cover the sown seeds.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. Adjust the top seat positions at both ends of the extended cross bar and lock the top seat positions through the positioning pins to adjust the furrowing spacing. Start the electric push rod to adjust the height of the extended cross bar to control the furrowing depth. Cooperate with the operation of the seeding unit to adjust the sowing depth, which is suitable for the sowing requirements of different crops.

[0029] 2. The start of the driving component can drive the spiral shaft to rotate to further break up the soil. When the seeding vehicle is driving, it drives the expansion box to slide in the soil to achieve the effect of digging trenches in the soil. At the same time, the seeding unit is driven by the driving of the seeding vehicle to start operation, and the seeds stored in the storage box can be placed into the trench at a certain distance.

[0030] 3. The crushed soil will be transmitted to the conveying chute under the rotation of the spiral shaft. The inclined conveying chute can continuously transport the crushed soil into the ditch to cover the seeds after sowing with a layer of soil, thereby improving the germination rate and growth performance of the crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the whole Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 2The present invention is a schematic diagram of the whole Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a sowing device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of some components of the seeding device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 The bulldozer mechanism of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0036] Figure 6 The bulldozer mechanism of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the drive assembly of the present invention (viewed from bottom to top).

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of some components of the drive assembly of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is an exploded view of some components of the drive assembly of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the next unit of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.11 It is an exploded view of some components of the next unit of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixed-point blanking component of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional exploded view of the fixed-point blanking component of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.14 The transmission member of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 (View from bottom to top).

[0045] Fig.15 The transmission member of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 .

[0046] Fig.16 The transmission member of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 3 .

[0047] Fig.17 It is a cross-sectional exploded view of the regulator of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.18 It is a flow chart of the sowing method of the present invention.

[0049] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Seeding vehicle; 11. Assembly shaft; 12. Travel wheel; 13. Side plate; 14. Supporting table; 2. Seeding device; 20. T-shaped end block; 21. Outwardly extending cross bar; 141. Vertical slide; 22. Electric push rod; 23. End top seat; 211. Rectangular slide; 3. Bulldozer mechanism; 4. Seeding unit; 31. Middle connecting plate; 32. Connecting column; 33. Expanding push box; 34. Conveying slide; 35. Round casing ; 341, cylindrical hole; 36, transmission rod; 37, spiral shaft; 351, rectangular feed port; 5, drive assembly; 51, side mount; 52, double-axis motor; 53, square telescopic rod; 54, bevel gear 1; 55, L-shaped support rod; 56, internal shaft; 57, bevel gear 2; 551, card slot; 41, storage box; 42, assembly rod seat; 43, rectangular inner plate; 431, material hole; 44, transmission tube; 45, folding Hose; 331, discharge hole; 6, fixed-point unloading assembly; 61, inner plate; 432, limit slide; 611, center hole; 62, side drive block; 63, two-way screw rod; 621, internal threaded hole; 7, transmission member; 71, lower groove wheel; 72, double groove wheel; 73, transmission groove wheel; 74, transmission belt 1; 75, transmission belt 2; 76, main round wheel; 77, side control plate; 78, secondary round wheel; 79, center round wheel; 24, fixed Position pin; 231, round socket; 212, positioning round groove; 25, support seat; 26, water storage tank; 27, water supply pipe; 28, sprinkler head; 29, water supply pump; 8, regulator; 81, T-shaped plug block; 771, plug slide; 82, back rod piece; 83, center shaft; 84, stabilizer bar; 811, round through hole; 85, push spring; 86, electromagnet; 772, embedded groove; 87, rectangular magnet; 812, rectangular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 18 This application is described in further detail.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application discloses a sowing machine and a sowing method applied to smart agriculture, which can adjust the row spacing and spacing of sowing, and further fragment the soil during sowing, and can freely control the amount of seeds fed each time according to needs. After sowing, the fragmented soil is automatically covered on the seeds to improve the sowing effect.

[0052] Embodiment 1:

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the first aspect, the present application provides a sowing machine applied to intelligent agriculture, including a sowing vehicle 1 and four traveling wheels 12 arranged on the lower side of the sowing vehicle 1 through two assembly shafts 11, two traveling wheels 12 are installed on one assembly shaft 11, and it should be noted that when the sowing vehicle 1 is driven by a driving force, the assembly shaft 11 rotates synchronously with the traveling wheel 12. The sowing vehicle 1 is equipped with a side plate 13 and a supporting plate 14, and the side plate 13 and the supporting plate 14 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the sowing vehicle 1; a sowing device 2 is provided on the supporting plate 14, which can further crush the soil blocks, and when the sowing vehicle 1 is driving, it can open trenches in the soil, open two rows of sowing trenches at the same time, and can adjust the spacing and trenching depth of the two trenches according to needs, and the sowing vehicle 1 can automatically sow seeds in the trench at a certain spacing as it drives, and after the seeds fall into the trench, the crushed soil can automatically cover the seeds. It should be noted that the device is suitable for sowing ground that has been tilled by large machinery and has broken soil and is dry.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the sowing device 2 includes an outwardly extending cross bar 21 that is limited and slidably arranged on one side of the supporting platform 14 by a T-shaped end block 20, and the T-shaped end block 20 and the outwardly extending cross bar 21 are fixedly connected; a vertical slide groove 141 for the sliding installation of the T-shaped end block 20 is opened on the supporting platform 14, and an electric push rod 22 for controlling the lifting and lowering of the T-shaped end block 20 is installed at the vertical slide groove 141, and an end top seat 23 is symmetrically slidably arranged on the outwardly extending cross bar 21, and a rectangular slide groove 211 for the sliding installation of the end top seat 23 is symmetrically penetrated on the outwardly extending cross bar 21; a positioning pin 24 is inserted on the end top seat 23, and the end top seat 23 has a round socket 231 that is adapted to the positioning pin 24, and ten positioning circular grooves 212 for the bottom end of the positioning pin 24 to be inserted are opened on the upper side of the outwardly extending cross bar 21. It should be noted that every five positioning circular grooves 212 are equidistantly opened on the outwardly extending cross bar 21 located on one side of the rectangular slide groove 211. Pulling the positioning pin 24 upward out of the sliding end top seat 23 can adjust it to different positions, that is, the distance between the end top seats 23 is adjustable. After adjusting the position of the end top seat 23, inserting the positioning pin 24 into the corresponding positioning circular groove 212 can achieve locking of the end top seat 23.

[0055] The lower end of the end top seat 23 is provided with a bulldozer mechanism 3 for further crushing the soil and opening a trench in the soil. By adjusting the position of the end top seats 23 and locking the position of the end top seats 23 with the positioning pins 24, the spacing between the two trenches can be adjusted. The support plate 14 and the sowing vehicle 1 are provided with a seed placement unit 4 for seed placement in cooperation with the bulldozer mechanism 3. The height of the extended cross bar 21 is controlled and adjusted by the electric push rod 22, so that the depth of the trench can be adjusted, and the crop seeds can be sown in the trench in cooperation with the seed placement unit 4, so as to meet the different requirements of different crops for sowing depth.

[0056] A water tank 26 is placed on the seeding vehicle 1 through a supporting seat 25, and a water supply pipe 27 and a spray head 28 connected to the water supply pipe 27 are provided on the water tank 26, and a water supply pump 29 is installed on the water supply pipe 27. After the crushed soil is covered on the crop seeds, the water in the water tank 26 can be sprayed onto the soil through the spray head 28 under the action of the water supply pump 29, so as to maintain soil moisture and improve the germination rate and growth performance of the crop. When in use, the seeding vehicle 1 is placed on one side of the seeding area where furrows need to be dug, and the outward-extending cross bar 21 is placed above the soil where furrows need to be dug. The spacing between the top seats 23 at both ends is adjusted according to actual needs to adjust the spacing between the two furrows, and the electric push rod 22 is started to adjust the height of the outward-extending cross bar 21, so that the depth of the furrows dug by the bulldozer mechanism 3 can be adjusted.

[0057] The driving force of the seeding vehicle 1 can be driven by a motor or by manpower. The seeding vehicle 1 cooperates with the bulldozer mechanism 3 to further break up the soil and dig trenches in the soil. The seeding unit 4 automatically puts the crop seeds into the trench at a certain distance according to the distance traveled by the seeding vehicle 1. Then the broken soil will cover the sown crop seeds to prevent the seeds from being eaten by birds and other animals. Finally, the water in the water tank 26 is sprayed onto the broken soil through the spray head 28 to maintain soil moisture and improve the sowing effect.

[0058] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to provide a better growth environment for seeds and improve the sowing effect, the bulldozer mechanism 3 includes a middle connecting plate 31 installed on the lower side of the end top seat 23, a connecting column 32 is provided on the lower side of the middle connecting plate 31, and an expansion and push box 33 is provided at the lower end of the connecting column 32, and an inclined conveying slide 34 is sleeved on the connecting column 32, and the inclined direction of the conveying slide 34 is the opposite direction of the sowing vehicle 1. A circular casing 35 is vertically installed on one side of the expansion and push box 33, and the upper end of the circular casing 35 passes through the conveying slide 34, and a cylindrical hole 341 for the circular casing 35 to penetrate is opened on the conveying slide 34; the end top seat 23, the middle connecting plate 31, the connecting column 32 and the expansion and push box 33 are fixedly connected, and the sowing vehicle 1 will drive the expansion and push box 33 to move together when driving; the circular casing 35 is fixedly installed on one side of the travel direction of the expansion and push box 33.

[0059] A transmission rod 36 is rotatably provided at the lower side of the middle connecting plate 31, a spiral shaft 37 connected to the transmission rod 36 is rotatably provided in the circular casing 35, a rectangular feed port 351 is vertically provided on the circular casing 35, and a driving assembly 5 for driving the spiral shaft 37 to rotate is provided at the lower side of the outwardly extending cross bar 21. Before the sowing vehicle 1 is driven, the spacing between the top seats 23 at both ends is adjusted according to the demand, that is, the spacing between the two expansion and push boxes 33 is adjusted, and the electric push rod 22 is started to drive the outwardly extending cross bar 21 to descend, so that the two expansion and push boxes 33 are inserted into the broken soil, and the insertion depth is also the depth of trenching. When the sowing vehicle 1 is driven, the spiral shafts 37 in the two circular casings 35 are driven to rotate by the driving assembly 5, and some broken soil blocks enter the circular casing 35 through the rectangular feed port 351, are crushed by the spiral shaft 37, and are transported to the conveying slide 34. During the sliding process, the expansion and push boxes 33 and the circular casing 35 will form a slide in the soil to achieve the purpose of trenching.

[0060] Reference Figures 7 to 9 As shown, considering that the spiral shafts 37 in the two circular casings 35 can be driven simultaneously without affecting the adjustment of the spacing between the top seats 23 at both ends, the driving assembly 5 includes a double-axis motor 52 installed on the middle part of the outwardly extending cross bar 21 through a side hanging seat 51, and square telescopic rods 53 are arranged on both rotating shafts of the double-axis motor 52. It should be noted that the square telescopic rod 53 is composed of two square rods, and the square rod with a smaller diameter is inserted and slid in the square rod with a larger diameter; a bevel gear 1 54 is sleeved on the transmission rod 36, and an L-shaped support rod 55 is provided on the connecting column 32. A bevel gear 2 57 meshing with the bevel gear 1 54 is installed on the L-shaped support rod 55 through an inscribed shaft 56 to limit rotation, and a clamping groove 551 for installing the inscribed shaft 56 is provided on the L-shaped support rod 55, and the inscribed shaft 56 is connected to the telescopic end of the square telescopic rod 53.

[0061] The L-shaped support rod 55 is used to ensure that the bevel gear 2 57 is always engaged with the bevel gear 1 54. When the push-end top seat 23 slides in the rectangular chute 211 to adjust the spacing between the top seats 23 at both ends, the square telescopic rod 53 will shrink. However, since the square telescopic rod 53 is set in a square shape, after the spacing between the top seats 23 at both ends is adjusted, when the two rotating shafts of the double-axis motor 52 are started to rotate synchronously, the bevel gear 2 57 will still be driven to rotate under the action of the square telescopic rod 53, that is, the transmission rod 36 will be driven to rotate through the engagement with the bevel gear 1 54. The spiral shaft 37 and the transmission rod 36 are fixedly connected, and then the driving of the double-axis motor 52 can drive the spiral shafts 37 in the two round casings 35 to rotate. In conjunction with the travel of the seeding vehicle 1, a part of the smaller crushed soil blocks enter the round casing 35 through the rectangular feed port 351, and can be further crushed by the spiral shaft 37. The crushed soil will be transferred to the upper opening of the round casing 35 and finally fall into the conveying slide 34.

[0062] Reference Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, since the seeds need to be accurately placed in the soil after the trenching, the seeding unit 4 includes two storage boxes 41 which are clamped on the upper side of the supporting platform 14, and the seeding vehicle 1 is provided with an assembly rod seat 42, in which a rectangular inner plate 43 is clamped, and the rectangular inner plate 43 is fixedly clamped in the assembly rod seat 42; two material passage holes 431 are opened through the rectangular inner plate 43, and a transmission circular pipe 44 connected to the storage box 41 is installed on the upper side of the rectangular inner plate 43 at the material passage holes 431. It should be noted that the interior of the transmission circular pipe 44 is smoothly arranged, and the inner wall of the storage box 41 has multiple inclined surfaces, which can ensure that the crop seeds placed in the storage box 41 can automatically enter the transmission circular pipe 44. A folding hose 45 connected to the expansion and push box 33 is provided at the lower side of the rectangular inner plate 43 at the material passage hole 431. The folding hose 45 can be freely extended and stretched when subjected to force, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the spacing between the two expansion and push boxes 33. It should be noted that the positions of the assembly rod seat 42, the rectangular inner plate 43 and the transmission tube 44 are fixed, and the transmission tube 44 is preferably made of a material with higher hardness. A discharge hole 331 connected to the folding hose 45 is provided on the upper side of the expansion and push box 33. The crop seeds in the storage box 41 can fall into the inner cavity of the expansion and push box 33 through the transmission tube 44, the material passage hole 431, the folding hose 45 and the discharge hole 331, that is, it can ensure that the seeds fall into the groove opened in the expansion and push box 33. A fixed-point feeding component 6 is provided in the rectangular inner plate 43 to control the seed feeding.

[0063] Reference Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, in order to be driven by the movement of the seeding vehicle 1 and automatically sow seeds in the ditch at a certain interval, the fixed-point feeding component 6 includes an inner abutment plate 61 which is limited and slidably arranged in the rectangular inner plate 43, and the rectangular inner plate 43 is provided with a limiting slide groove 432 which is connected to the two feeding holes 431 and for the installation of the inner abutment plate 61, and two central holes 611 are penetrated on the inner abutment plate 61, and a side drive block 62 is installed on one side of the inner abutment plate 61, and the side drive block 62 and the inner abutment plate 61 are fixedly connected; a bidirectional screw rod 63 which extends into the limiting slide groove 432 and is threaded through the side drive block 62 is rotatably provided on the assembly rod seat 42, and an internal threaded hole 621 which is adapted to the bidirectional screw rod 63 is penetrated on the side drive block 62. When the bidirectional screw rod 63 is driven to rotate, it can drive the inner plate 61 to slide back and forth in the rectangular inner plate 43 by cooperating with the internal threaded hole 621 opened on the side drive block 62, and during the reciprocating sliding of the inner plate 61, the two central holes 611 can overlap with the two material holes 431 respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of opening the material holes 431, so that the seeds in the transmission tube 44 can enter the folding hose 45 through the material holes 431, and finally fall into the soil ditch through the discharge hole 331 on the expansion box 33. In the initial state, the two central holes 611 on the inner plate 61 and the two material holes 431 are staggered, that is, the two material holes 431 are in a closed state, and the seeds cannot fall.

[0064] Reference Fig.14 As shown, the assembly rod seat 42 is provided with a transmission member 7, and the transmission member 7 includes a lower groove wheel 71 and a double groove wheel 72 rotatably arranged on one side of the assembly rod seat 42, wherein a transmission groove wheel 73 is provided at one end of an assembly shaft 11, a transmission belt 1 74 is sleeved between the transmission groove wheel 73 and the double groove wheel 72, and a transmission belt 2 75 is sleeved between the lower groove wheel 71 and the double groove wheel 72. When the seeding vehicle 1 is traveling, the double groove wheel 72 can be driven to rotate through the transmission groove wheel 73 and the transmission belt 1 74, and when the double groove wheel 72 rotates, the lower groove wheel 71 is driven to rotate through the transmission belt 2 75. Then, the rotation of the lower groove wheel 71 is controlled by the traveling of the seeding vehicle 1, and the traveling of the seeding vehicle 1 will drive the lower groove wheel 71 to rotate.

[0065] Reference Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, a main round wheel 76 is sleeved on the end of the bidirectional screw rod 63 away from the side drive block 62. The main round wheel 76 is fixedly sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod 63. When the main round wheel 76 is rotated under force, it will drive the bidirectional screw rod 63 to rotate; a side control plate 77 is installed on the assembly rod seat 42, and a secondary round wheel 78 connected to the lower groove wheel 71 is rotatably set on the side control plate 77. When the lower groove wheel 71 rotates, the secondary round wheel 78 will drive the secondary round wheel 78 to rotate; a middle round wheel 79 is provided on one side of the side control plate 77, which conflicts with the main round wheel 76 and the secondary round wheel 78. It should be noted that the main round wheel 76 and the secondary round wheel 78 do not contact each other. Only when the middle round wheel 79 conflicts with the main round wheel 76 and the secondary round wheel 78, the sowing vehicle 1 will drive the bidirectional screw 63 to rotate under the transmission of the secondary round wheel 78, the middle round wheel 79 and the main round wheel 76, that is, it can drive the inner plate 61 to slide back and forth in the rectangular inner plate 43. Therefore, when the sowing vehicle 1 travels a certain distance, the two middle holes 611 on the inner plate 61 can overlap with the two feeding holes 431 respectively, so as to achieve the effect of automatic seed feeding. The crushed soil will automatically cover the seeds that fall into the ditch through the transfer slide 34 to prevent the seeds from being eaten by birds and other animals; finally, when the spray head 28 passes by, the water in the water tank 26 will be sprayed on the soil, which helps to maintain soil moisture and improve the germination rate and growth performance of crops.

[0066] When the seeding vehicle 1 always keeps moving at a constant speed, it will drive the bidirectional screw 63 to rotate at a constant speed, and then the speed of the inner plate 61 sliding back and forth in the rectangular inner plate 43 is constant, that is, the effect of fixed distance feeding is achieved. In order to achieve different feeding effects, when the two center holes 611 on the inner plate 61 overlap with the two feeding holes 431 respectively, the feeding amount of the crop seeds can be adjusted by controlling the driving speed of the seeding vehicle 1 during the feeding process; for example: when the seeds are falling, the driving speed of the seeding vehicle 1 is reduced, so that the time for the center hole 611 to overlap with the feeding hole 431 is longer, then the feeding amount of the seeds will be increased; conversely, when the seeds are falling, the driving speed of the seeding vehicle 1 is increased, so that the time for the center hole 611 to overlap with the feeding hole 431 becomes shorter, then the feeding amount of the seeds will be reduced. It is convenient to flexibly control the seed sowing amount according to the actual soil conditions to avoid waste caused by excessive seed sowing.

[0067] Embodiment 2:

[0068] Reference Figures 15 to 17 As shown, on the basis of the first embodiment, in order to be able to control and adjust the spacing of seed feeding according to needs, and to close the seed feeding when the seeding vehicle 1 is transferred to other sowing areas, the position of the central round wheel 79 is conveniently adjusted, and an adjuster 8 for adjusting the central round wheel 79 is provided in the side control plate 77. The adjuster 8 includes a T-shaped plug block 81 inserted and slidably arranged in the side control plate 77, and a sliding opening 771 for sliding installation of the T-shaped plug block 81 is opened on the side control plate 77. A dorsal rod piece 82 is installed at one end of the T-shaped plug block 81, and the dorsal rod piece 82 and the T-shaped plug block 81 are fixedly connected; the central round wheel 79 is conveniently adjusted, and an adjuster 8 for adjusting the central round wheel 79 is provided in the side control plate 77. The wheel 79 is rotatably arranged on one side of the dorsal rod piece 82 through the central shaft 83, and a stabilizing rod 84 penetrating the T-shaped plug block 81 is arranged in the insertion sliding opening 771. A round through hole 811 is penetrated on the T-shaped plug block 81 for the stabilizing rod 84 to penetrate, and a push spring 85 which contacts the T-shaped plug block 81 is sleeved on the stabilizing rod 84, and the push spring 85 always has a driving force to push the T-shaped plug block 81 to slide in the direction of the main circular wheel 76, that is, under the drive of the push spring 85, the central circular wheel 79 always contacts the main circular wheel 76 and the secondary circular wheel 78, and at this time, the sowing vehicle 1 will continue to drive the main circular wheel 76 to rotate when traveling, that is, the bidirectional screw rod 63 rotates.

[0069] The side control plate 77 is embedded with an electromagnet 86 at the insertion slot 771, and an embedding groove 772 for installing the power supply magnet 86 is provided in the side control plate 77. A rectangular magnet 87 is embedded on the side of the T-shaped plug 81 facing the electromagnet 86, and a rectangular groove 812 for installing the rectangular magnet 87 is provided on one side of the T-shaped plug 81. When the electromagnet 86 is energized, there is a repulsive force between the electromagnet 86 and the rectangular magnet 87, and the repulsive force is greater than the driving force of the push spring 85, that is, the T-shaped plug 81 can slide away from the main round wheel 76, so that the middle round wheel 79 no longer conflicts with the main round wheel 76 and the secondary round wheel 78. At this time, the sowing vehicle 1 will not drive the main round wheel 76 and the two-way screw rod 63 to rotate when driving.

[0070] When sowing is completed and the sowing vehicle 1 needs to be transferred to other sowing areas for sowing, the electromagnet 86 is energized to prevent the sowing vehicle 1 from still driving the inner plate 61 to slide back and forth in the rectangular inner plate 43 during the transfer, so that the two center holes 611 overlap with the two material holes 431, thereby achieving the effect of closing the seed feeding. On the other hand, the electromagnet 86 can be intermittently controlled to be energized and de-energized, such as: in the initial state, the electromagnet 86 is energized, and the middle circular wheel 79 does not conflict with the main circular wheel 76 and the secondary circular wheel 78, that is, at this time, the sowing vehicle 1 will not automatically sow and discharge materials when it is traveling. When the sowing vehicle 1 travels a longer distance and is about to travel to the area where the material is required to be discharged, the electromagnet 86 is de-energized, and under the action of the push spring 85, the middle circular wheel 79 conflicts with the main circular wheel 76 and the secondary circular wheel 78 to start the sowing and discharging operation. After the discharging is completed, the two middle holes 611 on the inner plate 61 are respectively misaligned with the two material holes 431, that is, after the discharging is stopped, the electromagnet 86 is energized again. When the sowing vehicle 1 travels the same distance again, that is, when it is about to travel to the next discharging area, the electromagnet 86 is de-energized to start discharging. In this way, the purpose of being able to adjust the seed discharging spacing according to different needs is achieved.

[0071] Reference Fig.18 As shown, on the other hand, the present application also discloses a sowing method applied to smart agriculture, and the sowing method has the following steps:

[0072] The first step is equipment placement: first, place the seeding vehicle 1 on one side of the seeding area, and make the outwardly extending cross bar 21 above the soil that needs to be furrowed; that is, make the two expansion and pushing boxes 33 above the broken soil that needs to be furrowed.

[0073] The second step is depth adjustment: the height of the T-shaped end block 20 and the outwardly extending cross bar 21 is controlled by the electric push rod 22 to adjust the depth of the trenching of the bulldozer mechanism 3 in the soil; specifically, the positions of the top seats 23 at both ends are adjusted to determine the spacing between the two trenches, and then the electric push rod 22 is started to drive the outwardly extending cross bar 21 to descend, so that the two expansion boxes 33 are inserted into the broken soil, and the insertion depth is the trenching depth.

[0074] The third step is soil crushing and furrowing: the bulldozer mechanism 3 operates to further crush the soil, and cooperates with the movement of the seeding vehicle 1 to open furrows in the soil. The distance between the top seats 23 at both ends of the extended cross bar 21 is adjusted to adjust the furrowing distance and the sowing row distance; driven by the drive component 5, the spiral shafts 37 in the two circular casings 35 rotate, and cooperate with the movement of the seeding vehicle 1. A part of the smaller crushed soil blocks enter the circular casing 35 through the rectangular feed port 351 and are crushed by the spiral shaft 37. The purpose of furrowing is achieved by the sliding of the expansion box 33 and the circular casing 35.

[0075] Step 4: Sowing: When the sowing vehicle 1 is driving, the sowing unit 4 automatically operates to place the seeds into the ditch at a certain distance, and under the operation of the bulldozer mechanism 3, the crushed soil will cover the sown seeds. Every time the sowing vehicle 1 travels a certain distance, it will drive the two central holes 611 on the inner plate 61 to overlap with the two material holes 431 respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic seed feeding. The crushed soil will automatically fall onto the seeds in the ditch through the conveying slide 34, and when the spray head 28 passes by, the water in the water tank 26 will be sprayed on the soil to maintain soil moisture and improve the sowing effect of the crop.

[0076] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sowing machine used in intelligent agriculture, comprising a sowing vehicle (1) and a plurality of traveling wheels (12) arranged on the lower side of the sowing vehicle (1) through two assembly shafts (11), the sowing vehicle (1) being provided with a side support plate (13) and a supporting platform (14), characterized in that: The supporting platform (14) is provided with a sowing device (2); The sowing device (2) comprises an outwardly extending cross bar (21) which is limitedly slidably arranged on one side of a supporting platform (14) through a T-shaped end block (20); a vertical slide groove (141) for slidingly installing the T-shaped end block (20) is provided on the supporting platform (14); an electric push rod (22) for controlling the lifting of the T-shaped end block (20) is installed at the vertical slide groove (141); an end top seat (23) is symmetrically slidably arranged on the outwardly extending cross bar (21); and a rectangular slide groove (211) for slidingly installing the end top seat (23) is symmetrically penetrated on the outwardly extending cross bar (21); The lower end of the end top seat (23) is provided with a bulldozer mechanism (3) for further crushing the soil and digging trenches in the soil, and the supporting platform (14) and the seeding vehicle (1) are provided with a seed placement unit (4) for cooperating with the bulldozer mechanism (3) for seed placement.

2. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bulldozer mechanism (3) comprises a middle connecting plate (31) installed on the lower side of the end top seat (23), a connecting column (32) is provided on the lower side of the middle connecting plate (31), and a push-expanding box (33) is provided at the lower end of the connecting column (32), an inclined conveying slideway (34) is sleeved on the connecting column (32), a circular casing (35) is vertically installed on one side of the push-expanding box (33), and the upper end of the circular casing (35) passes through the conveying slideway (34), and a cylindrical hole (341) for the circular casing (35) to penetrate is opened on the conveying slideway (34); A transmission rod (36) is rotatably provided at the lower side of the middle connecting plate (31), a screw shaft (37) connected to the transmission rod (36) is rotatably provided inside the circular casing (35), a rectangular feed opening (351) is vertically opened on the circular casing (35), and a driving assembly (5) for driving the screw shaft (37) to rotate is provided at the lower side of the outwardly extending cross bar (21).

3. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly (5) comprises a double-axis motor (52) mounted on the middle part of the outwardly extending cross bar (21) through a side hanging seat (51), square telescopic rods (53) are arranged on both rotating shafts of the double-axis motor (52), a bevel gear 1 (54) is sleeved on the transmission rod (36), an L-shaped support rod (55) is arranged on the connecting column (32), a bevel gear 2 (57) meshing with the bevel gear 1 (54) is mounted on the L-shaped support rod (55) through an inscribed shaft (56) for limited rotation, a clamping groove (551) for mounting the inscribed shaft (56) is provided on the L-shaped support rod (55), and the inscribed shaft (56) is connected to the telescopic end of the square telescopic rod (53).

4. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed placement unit (4) comprises two storage boxes (41) mounted on the upper side of the supporting platform (14); the seeding vehicle (1) is provided with an assembly rod seat (42); a rectangular inner plate (43) is mounted in the assembly rod seat (42); two material passage holes (431) are formed through the rectangular inner plate (43); a transmission circular tube (44) connected to the storage box (41) is installed at the material passage holes (431) on the upper side of the rectangular inner plate (43); a folding hose (45) connected to the expansion and pushing box (33) is provided at the material passage holes (431) on the lower side of the rectangular inner plate (43); a discharge hole (331) connected to the folding hose (45) is formed on the upper side of the expansion and pushing box (33); and a fixed-point material placement component (6) is provided in the rectangular inner plate (43).

5. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed-point material discharge assembly (6) comprises an inner abutment plate (61) which is limitedly slidably arranged in a rectangular inner plate (43); a limiting slide groove (432) which is connected to two material passage holes (431) and for mounting the inner abutment plate (61) is provided on the rectangular inner plate (43); two central holes (611) are penetrated through the inner abutment plate (61); a side drive block (62) is installed on one side of the inner abutment plate (61); a bidirectional screw rod (63) which extends into the limiting slide groove (432) and is threadedly penetrated through the side drive block (62) is rotatably arranged on the assembly rod seat (42); and an internal threaded hole (621) which is adapted to the bidirectional screw rod (63) is penetrated through the side drive block (62).

6. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The assembly rod seat (42) is provided with a transmission member (7), and the transmission member (7) comprises a lower groove wheel (71) and a double groove wheel (72) rotatably arranged on one side of the assembly rod seat (42), wherein one end of an assembly shaft (11) is provided with a transmission groove wheel (73), a transmission belt 1 (74) is sleeved between the transmission groove wheel (73) and the double groove wheel (72), and a transmission belt 2 (75) is sleeved between the lower groove wheel (71) and the double groove wheel (72).

7. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 6, characterized in that: A main round wheel (76) is sleeved on one end of the bidirectional screw rod (63) away from the side drive block (62); a side control plate (77) is mounted on the assembly rod seat (42); a secondary round wheel (78) connected to the lower groove wheel (71) is rotatably arranged on the side control plate (77); and a middle round wheel (79) is arranged on one side of the side control plate (77) to abut against the main round wheel (76) and the secondary round wheel (78).

8. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning pin (24) is inserted into the end top seat (23), and a round insertion hole (231) adapted to the positioning pin (24) is provided on the end top seat (23). A plurality of positioning circular grooves (212) for inserting the bottom ends of the positioning pins (24) are provided on the upper side of the outwardly extending cross bar (21).

9. The seeding machine used in smart agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage tank (26) is placed on the seeding vehicle (1) via a supporting seat (25); a water supply pipe (27) and a spray head (28) connected to the water supply pipe (27) are provided on the water storage tank (26); and a water supply pump (29) is installed on the water supply pipe (27).

10. A sowing method applied to smart agriculture, characterized in that: Using the seeding machine applied to smart agriculture as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the operating steps are as follows: The first step is to place the equipment: first, place the seeding vehicle (1) on one side of the seeding area, and make the outwardly extending crossbar (21) above the soil where furrows need to be opened; The second step is depth adjustment: the height of the T-shaped end block (20) and the outwardly extending cross bar (21) is controlled by the electric push rod (22) to adjust the depth of the trench opened in the soil by the bulldozer mechanism (3); The third step is to break up the soil and dig trenches: the bulldozer (3) operates to further break up the soil, and dig trenches in the soil in coordination with the movement of the seeding vehicle (1). The distance between the top seats (23) at both ends of the extended crossbar (21) is adjusted to adjust the distance between the trenches and the row distance of the seeding. The fourth step is to place the seeds: when the seeding vehicle (1) is in motion, the seed placing unit (4) automatically places the seeds into the ditch at a certain distance, and under the operation of the bulldozer mechanism (3), the crushed soil will cover the sown seeds.

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