Electric air-suction type high-efficiency high-seed-throwing-rate multifunctional seeder

Abstract

The invention provides an electric air-suction type high-efficiency high-seed-throwing-rate multifunctional seeder which is driven by a tractor, the tractor is matched with a high-power generator, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is determined by the number of seeding monomers; and each seeding unit adopts an independent electric fan and an air suction type seeding device. According to the invention, the conditions that the existing air suction type seeding machine is of a power output driving fan structure, is influenced by the size of an accelerator of a tractor and clutch switching during gear shifting, often causes the phenomena of seed loss and miss seeding due to unstable wind power or wind power interruption, and does not have a matched air suction type seeding machine model below 90 horsepower are changed. Compared with a traditional air suction type seeding machine, the air suction type seeding machine can normally work in the field without reseeding, can save 2000-3000 seeds every day, can normally work when the rotating speed of a tractor is 900 revolutions or above, and can save fuel cost by 30% or above every day compared with the traditional air suction type seeding machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a seeder with high efficiency, high seeding rate, capable of sowing a variety of crops and realizing accurate single or multiple seeding in each hole. Background Art

[0002] At present, seeders are divided into two types: mechanical seeders and pneumatic seeders. In actual operation, mechanical seeders only sow a single crop, that is, corn. When sowing other crops, the seeder or the entire sowing unit (including furrowing, depth limiting device, seeder, seed guide barrel, compaction and extrusion wheel, etc.) needs to be replaced as a whole, and the seeding rate can only reach more than 90% in actual operation, not higher than 95%. The pneumatic seeder uses a negative pressure fan to generate negative pressure to absorb seeds on the seeding disc, which can achieve a higher seeding rate, has low requirements on seed shape, specific gravity, and volume, and can achieve high-speed, high-seeding rate, and multi-variety sowing operations.

[0003] However, the existing air suction seeders use an axial flow fan driven by a universal drive shaft connected to the tractor power output shaft, which has a complex structure. This structure is affected by the tractor power, such as the wind force fluctuating due to the size of the engine throttle; the wind force interruption occurs due to the tractor shifting operation; the back-up structure is affected (when the seeder needs to turn around at the end of the field during sowing operations, the tractor hydraulic suspension system needs to be used to lift the seeder more than 40 cm off the ground), and when the angle is too large when the seeder is lifted, the power output is forced to be interrupted, causing the fan to stop working, the wind force to be interrupted, and the seeds on the seeding tray to fall off. Even for traction operations, the engine can only work at idle speed during the turning process, which will cause the fan to stop or the wind force on the seeding tray to drop, and all the seeds will fall to the ground; at the same time, the turning radius cannot be too small, otherwise the universal drive shaft will exceed the transmission angle, damaging the transmission components or the fan. After turning, it is necessary to drive a distance again to allow the seeding tray to re-absorb the seeds before normal sowing operations can be performed, so there will be problems of missed sowing and wasted seeds. In addition, affected by the length of the suction pipe, the 2-12 rows of the seeder need to be connected to a suction port through a pipe, which makes the wind force of each seeder inconsistent. The farther the seeder is from the fan, the longer the pipe is, and the smaller the wind force is. In addition, 80% of the tractors in the 30-90 horsepower range do not have dual clutches and cannot use air-suction seeders.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, provide an electric air suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder, solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art seeders with complicated transmission parts, complex structure, high cost, easy damage, difficult operation, waste of seeds, inability of wind force to work stably and continuously, inconsistent wind force of each seeding device, and few matching tractor models; and save fuel consumption, the existing air suction seeder requires the engine to be set at a speed of more than 1500 revolutions to operate, while the present invention does not limit the engine speed, saving seed consumption, because the wind force of the present invention is continuous and stable, and the seed tray will not be unable to absorb seeds when the power is not turned off when the vehicle is parked, and there is no need to turn around and set the engine speed each time and then drive a distance again to replenish the seed tray seeds. Therefore, the present invention is simple to operate, easy to install, and improves the operating efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electric pneumatic suction high-efficiency high-seeding rate multifunctional seeder, driven by a tractor, the tractor is equipped with a high-power generator, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is determined by the number of sowing units; each sowing unit adopts an independent electric fan and air-suction seed metering device.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the sowing units is 2 to 6, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is 12 to 16V.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the sowing units is 6, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is 14-15V.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the sowing units is 7 to 12, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is 24 to 32V.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the sowing units is 12, and the output voltage of the high-power generator is 28-29V.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a high-current switch and a voltage monitoring alarm device, and the high-current switch and the voltage monitoring alarm device are directly connected to the high-power generator through a high-current safety power transmission main harness.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an output power branch harness, the input end of the output power branch harness is connected to the high current switch and the voltage monitoring alarm device, and the output end of the output power branch harness is connected to the sowing unit.

[0013] Preferably, each sowing unit is provided with a fan speed driver harness, the input end of the fan speed driver harness is connected to the output end of the output power branch harness, and an overcurrent protection fuse is provided on the positive line, the output end of the fan speed driver harness is connected to the fan speed driver, and the fan speed driver is used to connect the electric fan.

[0014] Preferably, each sowing unit is also provided with a negative pressure gauge.

[0015] After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the original mechanical transmission structure fan is innovated into an electric energy driven fan system, so that the seeder achieves working stability and convenient operation, and at the same time has economy and durability. The present invention has a simple structure, easy installation, overall lightweight, and is easy to repair and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring harness assembly of a seeder that can be equipped with 6 sowing units;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wiring harness assembly of the electric fan, fan speed control drive and other components in a single sowing unit;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of the electric fan, fan speed drive and air suction seed metering device in a single sowing unit.

[0019] In the figure: 1- high-power generator, 2- high-current safe power transmission main wiring harness, 3- high-current switch and voltage monitoring alarm device, 4- output power distribution harness, 5- fan speed drive harness, 6- electric fan, 7- negative pressure gauge, 8- air suction seed metering device, 9- fan speed drive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to help understand the content of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-power generator 1 is a 14V generator, which can be used to drive 2 to 6 sowing units. If 7 to 12 or more sowing units are required, a generator with a voltage of 28V or more is selected to replace the original low-power generator of the tractor to ensure that the power consumption of the sowing machine is the same as that of the tractor. The use of a high-power generator to supply power can solve the problem that the original generator of the existing tractor cannot meet the power consumption other than the tractor, and other external power output drive generators will also be affected by the separation of the tractor clutch and stop generating electricity.

[0022] The main harness 2 for high-current safe power transmission is used to directly connect the high-power generator 1 and the high-current switch and voltage monitoring alarm device 3, and they are installed and fixed on the tractor head together, without affecting the operation of the tractor hooking other agricultural implements. At the same time, the overcurrent insurance device is matched according to the number of seeding machine rows, and the positive and negative poles are respectively equipped with heat insulation protection tubes.

[0023] The high current switch and voltage monitoring alarm device 3 is the main switch of the power supply part of the sowing machine, which is used to turn on and off the power supply of the sowing machine. In this embodiment, the detection voltage is set between 12 and 16V. This value range can be adjusted according to the actual voltage of the high-power generator 1. The voltmeter displays the voltage value in real time. When the line voltage is lower than 12V or higher than 16V, the alarm device starts the sound and light alarm to warn of abnormal voltage. This device is designed to prevent the generator from malfunctioning, the battery power is exhausted when the power generation is small or no power generation, and the abnormal power generation voltage of the generator is too high to damage other electrical components.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the input end of the output power distribution harness 4 is a high-current main line plug, which is convenient for quick connection and disconnection with the front-end high-current switch and voltage monitoring alarm device 3, and is convenient for the tractor to replace and hang other agricultural implements at any time; the output end is set with a relative number of distribution plugs according to the number of seeding machine rows, which is used to connect the power plugs of each row of seeding units. Through the innovative integrated shunt line system, the present invention has full-time voltage monitoring and alarm devices when the voltage and current are too high or too low, overcurrent safety insurance devices, and dual protection devices for starting and shutting down the main line, so as to realize power transmission and use electricity to generate stable wind power for two to more rows of seeding machines. The present invention has an independent wind pressure and wind power system for each row, and each row can control the wind power separately, or shut down the wind power of each row at will, which can match all tractor models above 30 horsepower. Each seeding unit adopts an independent wind pressure and wind power system, which has stable operation, uniform wind speed, reliable performance, stepless speed regulation, wide speed regulation range, strong overload safety, long service life, small size, light weight, adjustable wind suction force, and is suitable for sowing various crops. The seeding rate is as high as over 99.7%, which is more than 5% higher than the finger-clamp seeding accuracy.

[0025] The input end of the fan speed driver harness 5 is a quick plug for connecting the branch line. An overcurrent protection fuse is set on the positive line to connect the fan speed driver 9. The output end of the fan speed driver 9 is a red, yellow and black three-color plug for connecting the electric fan 6.

[0026] The input power lines of the electric fan 6 are red, yellow and black, and the three-color line plugs of the fan speed control driver 9 are distinguished by color. The air suction port is connected to the air duct of the negative pressure chamber of the air suction seed metering device 8, and a negative pressure meter 7 is provided. The electric fan 6 generates negative pressure when running at high speed, so that the air suction seed metering device 8 absorbs seeds.

[0027] The negative pressure meter 7 is used to display the real-time pressure of the electric fan 6. When sowing different crops, the wind pressure is adjusted by the fan speed driver 9 according to the specific gravity of the crop seeds and the required pressure so that the negative pressure reaches the required pressure.

[0028] The present invention changes the existing air-suction seeders, which are all powered by power output and driven by fans. Affected by the throttle size of the tractor and the clutch switching during gear shifting, the wind force is often unstable or interrupted, resulting in seed loss and missed sowing, and there is no air-suction seeder model that can match below 90 horsepower. The field can operate normally without replanting, which can save 2,000 to 3,000 seeds per day compared with the traditional air-suction seeder, and the tractor can work normally at a speed of more than 900 revolutions, which can save more than 30% of fuel costs per day compared with the traditional air-suction seeder.

[0029] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency high seeding rate multifunctional seeder, driven by a tractor, characterized in that: The tractor is equipped with a high-power generator (1), the output voltage of which is determined by the number of sowing units; each sowing unit uses an independent electric fan (6) and an air-suction seed metering device (8).

2. The electric air suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the sowing units is 2 to 6, and the output voltage of the high-power generator (1) is 12 to 16V.

3. The electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are six sowing units, and the output voltage of the high-power generator (1) is 14-15V.

4. The electric air suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the sowing units is 7 to 12, and the output voltage of the high-power generator (1) is 24 to 32V.

5. The electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are 12 sowing units, and the output voltage of the high-power generator (1) is 28-29V.

6. An electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a high-current switch and a voltage monitoring alarm device (3), wherein the high-current switch and the voltage monitoring alarm device (3) are directly connected to the high-power generator (1) via a high-current safety power transmission main line harness (2).

7. The electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises an output power branch harness (4), the input end of the output power branch harness (4) being connected to the high current switch and the voltage monitoring alarm device (3), and the output end of the output power branch harness (4) being connected to the sowing unit.

8. An electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 7, characterized in that: Each sowing unit is provided with a fan speed regulating driver harness (5), the input end of the fan speed regulating driver harness (5) is connected to the output end of the output power supply harness (4), and an overcurrent protection device is provided on the positive line, the output end of the fan speed regulating driver harness (5) is connected to a fan speed regulating driver (9), and the fan speed regulating driver (9) is connected to the electric fan (6).

9. The electric pneumatic suction type high efficiency and high seeding rate multifunctional seeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each sowing unit is also provided with a negative pressure gauge (7).

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