Seedling raising method for improving cuttage survival rate of piebalm

Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling raising method for improving the cuttage survival rate of piebalm, and belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding. The seedling raising method comprises the following steps: selecting 2-3-year-old robust eichhornia crassipes with more than 8 three-stage branches as a stock plant for scion picking, cultivating until fruits grow, and retaining the three-stage branches to obtain robust cuttings; in the next year, middle-upper twigs of semi-lignified branches which grow in the current year and have more than 4-grade branches are prepared as cutting slips; treating the cutting slips with a root growth promoting agent, cutting the cutting slips into a seedling culture substrate, and performing cutting management. According to the method, the purposes of low cost and rapid propagation of the excellent seedlings of the eriodictyon lanceolatum are achieved, the supply capacity of the seedlings of the eriodictyon lanceolatum is greatly improved, the requirement for the high-quality seedlings of the eriodictyon lanceolatum in production can be met, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding, and in particular relates to a seedling breeding method for improving the survival rate of cuttings of tricholoma pubescens. Background Art

[0002] Bostrychanthera deflexa Benth., also known as Jiubuxian, Huanyaohua, Chuihua Lingzixiang, Liuye Siluncao, etc., is a plant of the genus Bostrychanthera in the Lamiaceae family. It likes shade and grows mostly in the dense forests and moist places on the hillsides at an altitude of 500-1300 meters. It is a plant endemic to my country and is mainly produced in Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei in my country. The whole plant is mostly used as medicine. It has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, and releasing and stopping sweating. It is mainly used for colds, diarrhea, rheumatism, trauma, snake bites, etc. It is a common green herb used by the She ethnic group in eastern Fujian and southern Zhejiang. It is also called "Jiubuxian" by the people. It is the main ingredient of Chinese patent medicines such as Lianhua Qingwen. In addition to being used as a medicinal material, it is also often used as a medicinal diet. It is a very important green herb. The demand for hairy medicinal flowers is growing, but the technology of raising seedlings of hairy medicinal flowers is still blank. Due to the plant characteristics of hairy medicinal flowers, the survival rate of conventional cutting seedlings is low. There are problems in production such as the rapid decline of wild resources caused by the excavation of wild resources, insufficient supply of artificially cultivated seedlings and high prices, which seriously affect the cultivation and industrial development of hairy medicinal flowers. However, there are no reports on the literature on seedling research such as using the middle and upper tender branches of semi-lignified spikes as cuttings and cuttings treatment for cultivating hairy medicinal flowers, and there are no reports on seedling raising methods for improving the survival rate of hairy medicinal flowers. It is necessary to invent a seedling raising technology for improving the survival rate of hairy medicinal flowers and accelerate the promotion of hairy medicinal flowers seedling breeding technology, which is the key to solving its production technology bottleneck. It can not only protect wild plant resources, but also promote the standardization and standardization of hairy medicinal flowers, industrial development, and increase farmers' income. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to improve the survival rate of hairy medicinal flowers seedlings and planting benefits, the invention provides a seedling raising method which is simple and easy to popularize and can significantly improve the survival rate of hairy medicinal materials cuttings.

[0004] By using the mother plant base to cultivate excellent cuttings of Trichosanthes kirilowii, improving the preparation and processing methods of the cuttings, and suitable cutting time and field management, the survival rate of Trichosanthes kirilowii cuttings seedlings can reach more than 86.3%.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of cuttings of hairy medicinal flowers, the seedling raising method comprises the following steps: selecting 2-3 year old, robust hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for collecting buds, cultivating them until the fruit grows, retaining 5 cm ± 2 cm of third-level branches, and cutting them all flat to obtain robust cuttings; from late May to late June of the following year, preparing the middle and upper tender branches of semi-lignified branches of the current year with more than 4-level branches as cuttings. The cuttings have 2 nodes, and the first node at the upper end retains 2 leaves, and each leaf retains 1 / 3; the first node at the lower end of the bud does not retain leaves. The cuttings are treated with a root promoter, and are inserted into a seedling raising medium for light and moisture management.

[0007] Further, the steps of the cutting seedling raising method are as follows:

[0008] (1) Construction of mother plant base for collecting spikes: Choose a fertile and loose forest near a water source, under a deciduous forest such as chestnut or Magnolia officinalis, with a canopy density of 45-55%, a soil pH of 5.0-7.0, and to build a mother plant base for collecting spikes of hairy medicinal flowers. Clear the weeds under the forest in winter, loosen the soil, turn the soil 25-30 cm, harrow the broken soil, apply 1500-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, turn the soil 1-2 times, and make ridges. The ridges are 60-70 cm wide and 30-40 cm high, and 25-35 cm drainage ditches are opened around them.

[0009] (2) Selection of mother plants for bud collection: Select 2-3 year old, strong, hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for bud collection.

[0010] (3) Cultivation of mother plants for collecting buds: In March and April, the mother plants for collecting buds are planted in the base for collecting buds, with a row spacing of 40-50 cm; the density is controlled at 45-55% during the growth period; water is applied twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and no water is applied at other times; in winter after pruning, 1-1.5 catties of mixed fertilizer is applied to each plant in combination with soil cultivation; the mother plants for collecting buds are controlled to grow too fast, and more robust 4th-level branches are promoted to sprout from the mother plants for collecting buds.

[0011] (4) Pruning of mother plants for collecting buds: Before the fruits grow in September, retain 3rd-level branches of 5 cm ± 2 cm and cut them all flat.

[0012] (5) Preparation of cuttings: From late May to late June of the following year, select healthy and pest-free mother plants of the herbaceous plant, and cut the middle and upper tender branches of the current year with 4th-level branches or above and semi-lignified branches as cuttings.

[0013] (6) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings: Select a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 500-1000 meters, near a water source, good ventilation, fertility, and looseness. Choose a conventional shade greenhouse facility for cuttings. The height of the greenhouse is about 2 meters, and a net with a shade degree of 65-75% is used for shading. The shade greenhouse is equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should choose a mist nozzle. Put the seedling medium into the seedling container tray, with a hole diameter of 4-6 cm and a height of 6-10 cm, and set aside.

[0014] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management: Cutting should be done as soon as the cuttings are harvested; before cutting, the cuttings should be disinfected by soaking the cuttings in 250-300 times diluted carbendazim for 8-12 minutes; then the bottom half of the cuttings should be soaked in a homemade root-promoting solution for 8-10 seconds. Before cutting, the seedling medium should be sprayed with water to keep the water content of the seedling medium at 50-60%; the cutting depth should be 3-5 cm; the lower bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the lower bud point should be inserted into the soil to facilitate rapid rooting; and the upper bud should be outside the medium to facilitate the germination of new buds. After the cuttings are completed, the humidity is controlled by the spray system, and the humidity of the seedling medium is maintained at 30-35%; the shade degree is 65-75% from May to September. The shade net is removed from October to train the seedlings. In November and December, after the new buds of the cuttings have unfolded leaves, the cuttings can be transplanted.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixed fertilizer described in step (3) is prepared by mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:(0.05-0.2).

[0016] Furthermore, the pruning method of the cuttings in step (5) is: cutting into fringe strips with 2 nodes and a length of less than 10 cm; retaining 2 leaves at the first node at the upper end of the fringe strip, retaining 1 / 3 of each leaf, and cutting the upper end of the fringe strip flatly 0.8-1.2 cm above the first node; not retaining leaves at the first node at the lower end of the fringe strip, and cutting at a 45° angle 0.8-1.2 cm below the second node to obtain the cuttings.

[0017] Furthermore, the seedling culture medium in step (6) is prepared as a mixed medium with a formula of 10-15% vermiculite, 30-35% coconut bran, 20-25% burnt soil, and 40-45% loess soil in terms of mass percentage.

[0018] Furthermore, the root promoting agent of step (7) is prepared by using hormones α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA) and sodium nitrophenolate, with a mass ratio of indoleacetic acid: α-naphthylacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate = 2:1:0.5: (0.3-0.8), and preparing a concentration of 200-250 mg·L -1 of solution.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention effectively solves the current technical problems of blank cutting seedling technology, few cuttings, difficult rooting and low survival rate of hairy medicinal flowers. The method of cutting and breeding of strong hairy medicinal flowers is used, and the survival rate of seedlings reaches more than 86.3%. At the same time, the upper and middle tender branches of the 4th-level branches are used as cuttings, and the source of cuttings is sufficient, and they do not compete with medicinal materials for raw materials.

[0021] 2. The promotion and application of the present invention will achieve the purpose of low-cost and rapid reproduction of high-quality seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii, greatly improve the supply capacity of Trichosanthes kirilowii seedlings, meet the demand for high-quality seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii in production, and have broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is an illustration of the flower stems of the herbaceous herb described in a specific implementation method.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a rooting diagram of the cuttings of the different treatments of the hairy medicinal flower described in the specific implementation method, wherein AD is a cutting without leaves, and E, F, and G are cuttings with 1 / 3 leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The above content is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] At the Hairy Medicinal Flower Experimental Base in Yingshan Township, Zherong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, a series of experiments and production are being carried out, including the construction of a Hairy Medicinal Flower bud-collecting mother plant base, the cultivation of bud-collecting mother plants, and softwood cuttings.

[0027] Select the hairy medicinal flower for the construction of the mother plant base and cutting propagation. The specific steps are as follows:

[0028] (1) Construction of mother plant base for collecting buds:

[0029] (1-1) Select fertile and loose forest land near water source, under Magnolia officinalis forest, with canopy density of 45%, soil pH value of 5.9, to build a mother plant base for collecting spikes of Trichosanthes pubescens;

[0030] (1-2) Clean up weeds under the forest in winter, loosen the soil, turn the soil 28 cm, harrow the soil, apply 2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, and turn the soil twice;

[0031] (1-3) Make ridges with a width of 70 cm and a height of 30 cm, and dig 30 cm drainage ditches around them.

[0032] (2) Selection of mother plants for bud collection: Select two-year-old, strong, hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for bud collection.

[0033] (3) Cultivation of mother plants for collecting spikes:

[0034] (3-1) In March, the mother plants for collecting buds are planted in the mother plant base for collecting buds, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a construction area of ​​10 mu;

[0035] (3-2) Control the density of the canopy to 50% during the growing season; water twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and do not water at other times;

[0036] (3-3) In winter after pruning, apply 1.2 catties of mixed fertilizer to each plant in combination with soil cultivation. The ratio of mixed fertilizer is mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate = 1:1:0.1 (mass ratio).

[0037] (4) Pruning of mother plants for collecting buds: Before the fruits grow in September, retain 3rd-level branches of 5 cm ± 2 cm and cut them all flat.

[0038] (5) Cutting preparation:

[0039] (5-1) In late June, select: a. healthy and pest-free mother plants of the Chinese medicinal plant, cut the middle and upper shoots of the current year, with branches of level 4 or above, and semi-lignified branches; b. naturally growing semi-lignified middle and upper shoots in the wild; c. lignified Chinese medicinal plants selected from mother plants for bud cuttings;

[0040] (5-2) Pruning the cuttings into 2-node cuttings within 10 cm in length;

[0041] (5-3) Two leaves are retained at the first node at the upper end of the spike, and 1 / 3 of each leaf is retained. The upper end of the spike is cut flat 0.8 cm above the first node; no leaves are retained at the first node at the lower end of the spike, and a 45° oblique cut is made 0.8 cm below the second node to obtain cuttings.

[0042] (6) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings:

[0043] (6-1) Choose a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 700 meters, near a water source, good ventilation, fertile and loose soil;

[0044] (6-2) Cutting facilities should be conventional shade shed facilities, with a height of 2 meters and a shading net with a shading degree of 75%. The shed should be equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should be a mist nozzle;

[0045] (6-3) The seedling medium is prepared by mixing vermiculite 12%, coconut bran 32%, burnt soil 23% and loess soil 45% by mass. The prepared mixed medium is placed in a seedling container tray with a hole diameter of 5 cm and a height of 8 cm for later use.

[0046] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0047] (7-1) Cuttings should be carried out immediately after harvesting. Before cuttings, the cuttings should be disinfected by soaking them in 250-fold diluted carbendazim for 10 minutes.

[0048] (7-2) The bottom half of the spike is immersed in a root promoter for 10 seconds; the root promoter is prepared by mixing indoleacetic acid: α-naphthylacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.3 to a concentration of 220 mg·L -1 of solution.

[0049] (7-3) Spray the substrate with water before cutting to keep the moisture content of the substrate at 60%;

[0050] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 5 cm; the lower bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly. Inserting the lower bud point into the soil is conducive to rapid rooting; the upper bud should be outside the substrate;

[0051] (7-5) After the cuttings were completed, the humidity was controlled by a spray system, the substrate humidity was maintained at 35%, and the number of cuttings was 300,000 plants;

[0052] (7-6) From May to September, the shade degree is 75%. From October, the shade net is removed to train the seedlings.

[0053] (7-7) In November, after the new shoots and leaves of the cuttings have unfolded, the cuttings are transplanted.

[0054] The results of the three cuttings cultivation are shown in Table 1. The survival rate of cuttings using a cutting is the highest, reaching 86.3% ( Figure 1 The field growth of the cuttings of the herbaceous flower is shown in Figure 1 .

[0055] Table 1 Cultivation results of different cuttings

[0056] Cutting preparation method a b c Cutting survival rate (%) 86.3 29.6 12.5

[0057] Note: The survival rate of cuttings in the table is the statistical value three months after cuttings.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] At the Trichosanthes oleraceus experimental base in Yingshan Township, Zherong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, a trial of Trichosanthes oleraceus seedling cultivation was conducted. The steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Construction of mother plant base for collecting buds:

[0061] (1-4) Select fertile and loose forest land near water sources, under chestnut forest, with a canopy density of 55%, a soil pH of 7.0, and build a mother plant base for collecting spikes of hairy herbaceous flowers;

[0062] (1-5) Clean up weeds under the forest in winter, loosen the soil, turn the soil 30 cm, harrow the soil, apply 1800 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, and turn the soil over once more;

[0063] (1-6) Make ridges with a width of 65 cm and a height of 35 cm, and dig 35 cm drainage ditches around them.

[0064] (2) Selection of mother plants for bud collection: Select three-year-old, strong, and hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for bud collection.

[0065] (3) Cultivation of mother plants for collecting spikes:

[0066] (3-1) In April, the mother plants for collecting buds are planted in the mother plant base for collecting buds, with a row spacing of 45 cm and a construction area of ​​10 mu;

[0067] (3-2) During the growing season, the canopy density is controlled at 55%; watering is done twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and no watering is done at other times;

[0068] (3-3) In winter after pruning, apply 1.5 catties of mixed fertilizer to each plant in combination with soil cultivation. The ratio of mixed fertilizer is mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate = 1:1:0.2 (mass ratio).

[0069] (4) Pruning of mother plants for collecting buds: Before the fruits grow in September, retain 3rd-level branches of 5 cm ± 2 cm and cut them all flat.

[0070] (5) Cutting preparation:

[0071] (5-1) In late June, select healthy and pest-free mother plants of the herbaceous plant, and cut the middle and upper tender branches of the current year with 4 or more branches and semi-lignified branches as cuttings;

[0072] (5-2) Cutting pruning:

[0073] Method a. Cut into edible strips with 2 nodes and less than 10 cm in length; retain 2 leaves at the first node on the upper end of the edible strip, and retain 1 / 3 of each leaf, and cut the upper end of the edible strip flatly 1 cm above the first node; do not retain leaves at the first node on the lower end of the edible strip, and cut it obliquely at 45° 1 cm below the second node to obtain cuttings.

[0074] Method b. Select one node for cuttings.

[0075] Method c. Select cuttings from 2 nodes, but cut off all the leaves.

[0076] Method d. Select cuttings from two nodes, but keep all the leaves from the first node.

[0077] (6) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings:

[0078] (6-1) Choose a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 1,000 meters, near a water source, good ventilation, fertile and loose soil;

[0079] (6-2) Cutting facilities should be conventional shade shed facilities, with a height of 2 meters and a shading net with a shading degree of 70%. The shed should be equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should be a mist nozzle;

[0080] (6-3) The seedling medium is prepared by mixing vermiculite 15%, coconut bran 30%, burnt soil 25% and loess soil 40% by mass. The prepared mixed medium is placed in a seedling container tray with a hole diameter of 6 cm and a height of 10 cm for later use.

[0081] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0082] (7-1) Cuttings are carried out immediately after harvesting; before cuttings, the cuttings are disinfected by soaking in 280-fold diluted carbendazim for 12 minutes;

[0083] (7-2) The bottom half of the spike is immersed in a root promoter for 8 seconds; the root promoter is prepared by mixing indoleacetic acid: α-naphthylacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.8 to prepare a concentration of 250 mg·L -1 of solution.

[0084] (7-3) Spray the substrate before cutting to keep the moisture content of the substrate at 55%;

[0085] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 4 cm; the lower bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly. Inserting the lower bud point into the soil is conducive to rapid rooting; the upper bud should be outside the substrate;

[0086] (7-5) After the cuttings were completed, the humidity was controlled by a spray system, the substrate humidity was maintained at 30%, and the number of cuttings was 300,000 plants;

[0087] (7-6) From May to September, the shade degree is 70%. From October, the shade net is removed to train the seedlings.

[0088] (7-7) In November, after the new shoots and leaves of the cuttings have unfolded, the cuttings are transplanted.

[0089] The rooting effect of cuttings obtained by different pruning methods is shown in Figure 2 The survival rate of cuttings without leaves is low, while the survival rate of cuttings with 1 / 3 leaves is high. The cutting results of cuttings made by different pruning methods are shown in Table 2. The cuttings made by pruning method a have the highest survival rate.

[0090] Table 2 Cutting results of cuttings obtained by different pruning methods

[0091] Cutting pruning method Method a Method b Method c Method d Cutting survival rate (%) 86.0 10.3 16.8 30.7

[0092] Note: The survival rate of cuttings in the table is the statistical value three months after cuttings.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] At the Trichosanthes oleraceus experimental base in Yingshan Township, Zherong County, Ningde City, Fujian Province, a trial of Trichosanthes oleraceus seedling cultivation was conducted. The steps are as follows:

[0095] (1) Construction of mother plant base for collecting buds:

[0096] (1-7) Select fertile and loose forest land near water source, under chestnut forest, with canopy density of 48%, soil pH of 5.0, to build a mother plant base for collecting spikes of hairy herbaceous flowers;

[0097] (1-8) Clean up weeds under the forest in winter, loosen the soil, turn the soil 25 cm, harrow the soil, apply 1500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, and turn the soil twice;

[0098] (1-9) Make ridges with a width of 60 cm and a height of 40 cm, and dig 25 cm drainage ditches around them.

[0099] (2) Selection of mother plants for bud collection: Select two-year-old, strong, hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for bud collection.

[0100] (3) Cultivation of mother plants for collecting spikes:

[0101] (3-1) In April, the mother plants for collecting buds are planted in the mother plant base for collecting buds, with a row spacing of 50 cm and a construction area of ​​10 mu;

[0102] (3-2) Control the density of the canopy at 45% during the growing season; water twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and do not water at other times;

[0103] (3-3) In winter after pruning, apply 1.0 catties of mixed fertilizer to each plant in combination with soil cultivation. The ratio of mixed fertilizer is mature manure: wood ash: calcium phosphate = 1:1:0.2 (mass ratio).

[0104] (4) Pruning of mother plants for collecting buds: Before the fruits grow in September, retain 3rd-level branches of 5 cm ± 2 cm and cut them all flat.

[0105] (5) Cutting preparation:

[0106] (5-1) In late June, select healthy and pest-free mother plants of the herbaceous plant, and cut the middle and upper tender branches of the current year with 4 or more branches and semi-lignified branches as cuttings;

[0107] (5-2) Cutting pruning: Cut into 2-node edible strips within 10 cm in length; keep 2 leaves at the first node on the upper end of the edible strip, and keep 1 / 3 of each leaf. Cut the upper end of the edible strip flat 1.2 cm above the first node; do not keep leaves at the first node on the lower end of the edible strip, and cut it obliquely at 45° 1.2 cm below the second node to obtain the cuttings.

[0108] (6) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings:

[0109] (6-1) Choose a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 500 meters, near a water source, good ventilation, fertile and loose soil;

[0110] (6-2) Cutting facilities should be conventional shade shed facilities, with a height of 2 meters and a 65% shade net. The shed should be equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should be a mist nozzle.

[0111] (6-3) The seedling medium is prepared by mixing 10% vermiculite, 35% coconut bran, 20% burnt soil and 43% loess soil by mass. The prepared mixed matrix is ​​placed in a seedling container tray with a hole diameter of 4 cm and a height of 6 cm for later use.

[0112] (7) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0113] (7-1) Cuttings are carried out immediately after harvesting; before cuttings, the cuttings are disinfected by soaking in 300-fold diluted carbendazim for 8 minutes;

[0114] (7-2) Soak the bottom half of the spike in different root-promoting agents for 10 seconds:

[0115] A. The cuttings were not soaked in root promoter, and used as the control;

[0116] B. Soak the cuttings in commercially available rooting powder (purchased from Shandong Jingpu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.);

[0117] C. Soak the cuttings in a homemade root promoter, which is prepared by mixing indoleacetic acid: α-naphthylacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.5 to a concentration of 200 mg·L -1 of solution.

[0118] (7-3) Spray the substrate with water before cutting to keep the moisture content of the substrate at 50%;

[0119] (7-4) The cutting depth is about 3 cm; the lower bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly. Inserting the lower bud point into the soil is conducive to rapid rooting; the upper bud should be outside the substrate;

[0120] (7-5) After the cuttings were completed, the humidity was controlled by a spray system, the substrate humidity was maintained at 32%, and the number of cuttings was 300,000 plants;

[0121] (7-6) From May to September, the shade degree is 65%. From October, the shade net is removed to train the seedlings.

[0122] (7-7) In November, after the new shoots and leaves of the cuttings have unfolded, the cuttings are transplanted.

[0123] The results of cuttings soaked in different root-promoting agents are shown in Table 3. The survival rate of cuttings soaked in homemade root-promoting agents was the highest.

[0124] Table 3 Cutting results of soaking cuttings in different root-promoting agents

[0125] Types of root promoters for cuttings soaking No soaking Conventional root promoter Homemade root promoter Cutting survival rate (%) 26.2 47.6 86.6

[0126] Note: The survival rate of cuttings in the table is the statistical value three months after cuttings.

[0127] Example 4

[0128] A series of experiments and production such as softwood cuttings of P. pubescens were carried out at the Pudao base of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Fuzhou.

[0129] Select Toona pubescens for greenhouse scion nursery construction and softwood cutting propagation. The construction of the scion mother plant base, the selection of scion mother plants, the cultivation of scion mother plants, and the pruning of scion mother plants are the same as in Example 1. The cutting time is selected in late May, and the cutting propagation of Toona pubescens is carried out in the greenhouse room. The specific steps are as follows:

[0130] (1) Cutting preparation:

[0131] (1-1) In late May, select healthy and pest-free mother plants of the herbaceous plant, and cut the middle and upper tender branches of the current year with 4 or more branches and semi-lignified branches as cuttings;

[0132] (1-2) Pruning the cuttings into 2-node cuttings within 10 cm in length;

[0133] (1-3) Keep two leaves at the first node on the upper end of the spike, and keep 1 / 3 of each leaf. Cut the upper end of the spike flatly 1 cm above the first node; do not keep any leaves at the first node on the lower end of the spike, and cut it obliquely at 45° 1 cm below the second node to obtain cuttings.

[0134] (2) Preparation of seedbed for cuttings:

[0135] (2-1) Cutting facilities should be conventional shade greenhouse facilities, with a height of about 2 meters and a shade net of 60-70%; the shade greenhouse should be equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should be a mist nozzle;

[0136] (2-2) The seedling medium is prepared by mixing 10% vermiculite, 35% coconut bran, 25% burnt soil and 30% loess soil by mass. The prepared mixed matrix is ​​placed in a seedling container tray with a hole diameter of 5 cm and a height of 8 cm for later use.

[0137] (3) Cutting and post-cutting management:

[0138] (3-1) Cuttings should be carried out immediately after harvesting. Before cuttings, the cuttings should be disinfected by soaking them in 300-fold diluted carbendazim for 10 minutes.

[0139] (3-2) Soak the bottom half of the spike in the root promoter for 10 seconds;

[0140] (3-3) Spray the substrate before cutting to keep the moisture content of the substrate at 50-60%;

[0141] (3-4) The cutting depth is 4 cm; the lower bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly. Inserting the lower bud point into the soil is conducive to rapid rooting; the upper bud should be outside the substrate. The number of cuttings is 1,000 plants;

[0142] (4-5) After the cuttings are completed, the humidity is controlled by a spray system and the substrate humidity is maintained at 30%;

[0143] (4-6) From May to September, the shade degree is 60-70%. From October, the shade net is removed to train the seedlings.

[0144] (4-7) In November, after the new shoots and leaves of the cuttings have unfolded, the cuttings can be transplanted.

[0145] The cutting survival rate of the hairy medicinal flower using the method can reach 89.5% (statistical value three months after cutting).

[0146] In summary, 2-3-year-old, robust, and 3rd-level branches of more than 8 hairy medicinal flowers were selected as mother plants for cuttings, and the middle and upper tender branches of the current year, 4th-level branches or more, and semi-lignified branches were used as cuttings, and cut into 2 nodes, with 2 leaves retained at the first node at the top, 1 / 3 of each leaf retained, and no leaves retained at the lower node of the scion. The cuttings were treated with homemade root-promoting agents, and the survival rate of cuttings was high, up to 89.5%.

[0147] It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described in this article, the patent protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of hairy medicinal flowers, characterized in that: The seedling raising method comprises the following steps: selecting a 2-3 year old, robust, 3rd level branched hairy medicinal flower as a mother plant for collecting cuttings, cultivating the mother plant until the fruit grows, retaining the 3rd level branching, and obtaining robust cuttings; obtaining the middle and upper tender branches of the current year, 4th level branched or above, and semi-lignified branches as cuttings in the next year; treating the cuttings with a root promoter, cutting them into a seedling raising medium, and carrying out cutting management.

2. The method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of Psoralea corylifolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Construction of mother plant base for collecting spikes: Choose a fertile and loose forestland under a deciduous forest near a water source, with a canopy density of 45-55%, a soil pH of 5.0-7.0, to build a mother plant base for collecting spikes of hairy medicinal flowers; clear the weeds under the forest in winter, loosen the soil, turn the soil 25-30 cm, harrow the broken soil, apply 1500-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well, turn the soil 1-2 times, and make ridges. The ridges are 60-70 cm wide and 30-40 cm high, and 25-35 cm drainage ditches are opened around them; Selection of mother plants for bud collection: Select 2-3 years old, strong, and hairy medicinal flowers with more than 8 third-level branches as mother plants for bud collection; Cultivation of mother plants for bud collection: In March and April, the mother plants for bud collection are planted in the base of mother plants for bud collection, with a row spacing of 40-50 cm; the density is controlled at 45-55% during the growth period; watering is done twice a week in summer and once a week in autumn, and no watering is done at other times; in winter after pruning, 1-1.5 catties of mixed fertilizer is applied to each plant in combination with soil cultivation; the mother plants for bud collection are controlled to grow too fast and promote the sprouting of more robust 4th-level branches; Pruning of mother plants for collecting buds: Before the fruit grows in September, keep 3rd-level branches of 5 cm ± 2 cm and cut them all flat; Cutting preparation: From late May to late June of the following year, select a healthy and pest-free mother plant of the herbaceous flower, and cut the middle and upper tender branches of the current year, with 4 or more branches and semi-lignified branches as cuttings; Preparation of seedbed for cutting: Choose a mountain slope forest edge or valley with an altitude of 500-1000 meters, near a water source, good ventilation, fertility, and looseness; choose a conventional shade greenhouse facility for cutting, with a height of about 2 meters and a net with a shade degree of 60-70% for shading; the shade greenhouse is equipped with a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler should choose a mist nozzle; put the seedling medium into the seedling container tray, with a hole diameter of 4-6 cm and a height of 6-10 cm, and set aside; Cutting and post-cutting management: Cutting is done immediately after harvesting; before cutting, the cuttings are disinfected by soaking in 250-300 times diluted carbendazim for 8-12 minutes; then the bottom half of the cuttings are soaked in root promoter for 8-12 seconds; before cutting, the seedling medium is sprayed wet to keep the moisture content of the seedling medium at 50-60%; the cutting depth is 3-5 cm; the bottom bud should be inserted into the soil and pressed tightly, and the upper bud should be outside the medium; after the cutting is completed, the humidity is controlled by the sprinkler irrigation system, and the humidity of the seedling medium is maintained at 30-35%; the shading degree is 65-75% from May to September; the shade net is removed from October to train the seedlings; in November and December, after the new buds grown from the cuttings unfold their leaves, the cuttings can be transplanted.

3. The method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of Psoralea corylifolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixed fertilizer is prepared by mixing mature manure, wood ash and calcium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:(0.05-0.2).

4. The method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of Psoralea corylifolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting pruning method comprises the following steps: cutting into cutting strips with two nodes and a length of less than 10 cm; retaining two leaves at the first node at the upper end of the cutting strip, retaining 1 / 3 of each leaf, and flatly cutting the upper end of the cutting strip at a position 0.8-1.2 cm above the first node; not retaining leaves at the first node at the lower end of the cutting strip, and obliquely cutting at 45° at a position 0.8-1.2 cm below the second node to obtain the cutting strip.

5. The method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of Psoralea corylifolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seedling culture medium is prepared into a mixed medium by the formula of 10-15% of vermiculite, 30-35% of coconut bran, 20-25% of burnt soil and 40-45% of loess soil in terms of mass percentage.

6. The method for raising seedlings for improving the survival rate of cuttings of Psoralea corylifolia according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The root promoter is prepared by mixing indoleacetic acid: α-naphthylacetic acid: indolebutyric acid: sodium nitrophenolate in a mass ratio of 2:1:0.5:(0.3-0.8) to prepare a concentration of 200-250 mg·L -1 of solution.

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