Minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fracture surgical instruments, in particular to a leg fracture minimally invasive surgical instrument which comprises two fixing rings arranged on leg tissue in a sleeving mode and located on the two sides of a bone fracture position. The side edges of the fixing rings are connected with adjusting frames through adjusting structures, the design of the two fixing rings and the two adjustable adjusting frames is adopted, when the adjusting frames are fixed to the leg tissue through the fixing structures, the front-back positions, the inclination angle positions and the like of the adjusting frames are adjusted through the adjusting structures, and the adjusting frames are fixed to the leg tissue through the adjusting structures; due to the fact that the adjusting frame can freely change the angle and the distance in a three-dimensional space, bones at the two ends of a fracture position of the bone can be driven to be adjusted during final adjustment, two joints of the bones are aligned, the bones are finally spliced together and kept at an accurate anastomosis position, and due to the fact that only two holes need to be formed in the whole operation process, operation is convenient and fast. Therefore, the wound surface is very small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fracture surgical instruments, and in particular to a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern medicine, the treatment of leg fractures has always been an important topic. Traditional treatment methods, such as open surgery, can effectively fix the fracture site, but are usually accompanied by greater trauma and a longer recovery period. In addition, these methods often require extensive tissue stripping and implantation of fixation devices, increasing the risk of infection and pain for patients.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of minimally invasive surgical techniques, orthopedic surgeons have begun to seek gentler and less traumatic treatment methods. However, existing minimally invasive surgical instruments still have certain limitations in terms of operability and precision. For example, they often cannot flexibly adjust the angle and distance in three-dimensional space, which is crucial to ensure precise alignment and stable fixation of the fracture site.

[0004] In addition, existing minimally invasive devices may require multiple incisions and wider tissue penetration when fixing fracture sites, which still causes considerable pain and recovery time to patients.

[0005] Based on this, in order to optimize the surgical effect of leg fractures, we propose a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, such as the inability to flexibly adjust the angle and distance of the fracture interface in three-dimensional space, and to propose a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] Design a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures, including:

[0009] Two fixing rings are sleeved on the leg tissue, and the two fixing rings are located on both sides of the bone fracture;

[0010] An adjustment frame is connected to the side of the fixing ring through an adjustment structure, and a fixing structure connected to the inside of the leg tissue is arranged on the adjustment frame;

[0011] A fixing tube is passed through the interior of the bone, and a guiding mechanism for conveying and guiding the fixing tube is installed inside the fixing tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the two fixing rings slide together on a connecting frame, and the sliding part of the fixing ring and the connecting frame are locked and fixed by a locking member;

[0013] The two fixing rings and the two adjusting frames are symmetrically arranged along the fracture of the bone.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment structure includes a plurality of bases rotatably connected to the outside of the fixing ring, a joint 1 is rotatably connected to the top of the base, and a nut 1 is rotatably connected to the side of the joint 1;

[0015] A plurality of screw rods 1 are rotatably connected with pins on the upper side of the adjustment frame. The screw rods 1 pass through the joints 1 and are threadedly connected with the nuts 1.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixing structure includes a plurality of openings provided on the periphery of the adjustment frame, a joint 2 is rotatably connected in the opening, a joint 3 is movably connected on the inner side of the joint 2, an axis rod and a screw rod 2 are respectively connected at both ends of the joint 3, a nut 2 is rotatably connected on the side of the adjustment frame, the nut 2 and the screw rod 2 are threadedly connected, and a bolt nail which penetrates into the leg tissue is threadedly connected in the joint 3.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a handle 1 and a guide tube fixed at an end of the handle 1;

[0018] The fixed tube sleeve is arranged on the outside of the guide tube, a direction-changing structure is arranged at the tail end of the guide tube, and a driving structure for driving the direction-changing structure to move is installed inside the handle 1.

[0019] Furthermore, the direction-changing structure includes a plurality of tie bars distributed inside the guide tube, and a resistance portion is fixedly connected to the tail end of the tie bar;

[0020] The tail end of the guide tube is provided with a slide groove, the abutment part is slidably connected in the slide groove, the tail end of the guide tube is also fixedly connected with a resistance ring, a plurality of deformable arms are distributed on the resistance ring, and the abutment part abuts against the arms to deform them.

[0021] Furthermore, the driving structure includes a guide plate fixed in the handle 1 and a plurality of motors 1;

[0022] The shaft end of the motor one is fixedly connected with a nut sleeve, the end of the tie rod is fixedly connected with a screw rod three, the screw rod three has a flat portion penetrating the guide plate, and the screw rod three is threadedly connected with the nut sleeve.

[0023] Further, it also includes a locking mechanism;

[0024] The locking mechanism is used to form a knotted portion on the periphery of the fixing tube, and the knotted portion is stopped at the outside of the bone to prevent the fixing tube from retracting.

[0025] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a handle 2 and a mounting frame fixed to the front end of the handle 2, two tightening wheels are rotatably connected to the end surface of the mounting frame, and a driving assembly for driving the two tightening wheels to rotate is provided on the inner side of the handle 2;

[0026] A locking ring is placed inside the mounting frame, and a clamping structure for driving the locking ring to bend and deform is arranged on the mounting frame.

[0027] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes two clamping arms, the front end of the mounting frame has an opening, the two clamping arms swing in the opening and fit against the outer side of the locking ring, and clamping fingers are installed on the inner side of the handle 2, and the two output ends of the clamping fingers are connected to the two clamping arms.

[0028] The present invention proposes a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures, which has the beneficial effects of: in the present invention, by adopting the design of two fixing rings and two adjustable adjustment frames, when the adjustment frame is fixed on the leg tissue via the fixing structure, the front and rear positions and the inclination positions of the adjustment frame are adjusted by the adjustment structure, so that the adjustment frame can arbitrarily change the angle and distance in the three-dimensional space, and the final adjustment will drive the bones at both ends of the fracture of the bone to be adjusted, so that the two seams are aligned, and finally spliced ​​together and maintained in a precise anastomotic position. Since only two holes need to be opened during the entire surgical process, the wound surface is very small, which greatly reduces the pain of the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the direction-changing structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide tube of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reinforcement of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking ring of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping structure of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. leg tissue; 11. skeleton; 2. fixing ring; 3. adjustment structure; 31. base; 32. joint 1; 33. nut 1; 34. screw rod 1; 4. adjustment frame; 5. fixing structure; 51. joint 2; 52. joint 3; 53. shaft; 54. screw rod 2; 55. nut 2; 56. bolt; 6. fixing tube; 7. guide mechanism; 71. handle 1; 72. guide tube; 73. change of direction structure; 73 1. Tensioning rod; 732. Resistance part; 733. Slide groove; 734. Resistance ring; 735. Arm; 736. Screw rod three; 74. Driving structure; 741. Guide plate; 742. Motor one; 743. Nut sleeve; 8. Connecting frame; 9. Locking mechanism; 91. Handle two; 92. Mounting frame; 93. Take-up wheel; 94. Driving assembly; 95. Locking ring; 96. Clamping structure; 961. Clamping arm; 962. Clamping finger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-12 An embodiment of the present invention discloses a minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures. Specifically, the instrument comprises two fixing rings 2 sleeved on a leg tissue 1, and the two fixing rings 2 are located on both sides of a fractured bone 11;

[0044] An adjustment frame 4 is connected to the side of the fixing ring 2 through an adjustment structure 3, and a fixing structure 5 connected to the inside of the leg tissue 1 is arranged on the adjustment frame 4;

[0045] A fixing tube 6 is passed through the interior of the bone 11, and a guide mechanism 7 for conveying and guiding the fixing tube 6 is installed inside the fixing tube 6. The guide mechanism 7 is used to pass the fixing tube 6 through the interior of the bone 11 so that the fixing tube 6 can maintain relative fit and repair at the fracture of the bone 11 during the subsequent tensioning process.

[0046] Reference Figure 1, Figure 2 In some embodiments, the two fixing rings 2 of the present invention slide together on a connecting frame 8, and the connecting frame 8 is arranged on the outside of the leg tissue 1. The sliding part of the fixing ring 2 and the connecting frame 8 are locked and fixed by a locking member. Preferably, the locking member described in this embodiment can be provided with a bolt, and the two fixing rings 2 can be adjusted and slid on the outside of the connecting frame 8 to adapt to the adaptation requirements of different bone fractures. After the adjustment is completed, the position can be locked by the locking member. Secondly, due to the design of the connecting frame 8, it can also play a role in strengthening the fixation of the leg tissue 1. After the two adjustment frames 4 are connected to the leg tissue 1 through the fixing structure 5, the connecting frame 8 maintains the relative position between the two adjustment frames 4 to avoid the problem of bending of the leg tissue 1 at the fracture of the bone 11;

[0047] The two fixing rings 2 and the two adjusting frames 4 are symmetrically arranged along the fracture of the bone 11 .

[0048] Reference Figure 4 Optionally, the adjustment structure 3 in this embodiment includes a plurality of bases 31 rotatably connected to the outside of the fixing ring 2, a joint 32 is rotatably connected to the top of the base 31, and a nut 33 is rotatably connected to the side of the joint 32;

[0049] A plurality of screw rods 34 are rotatably connected with pins on the upper side of the adjustment frame 4 . The screw rods 34 pass through the joint 32 and are threadedly connected with the nut 33 .

[0050] That is to say, in the embodiment, a plurality of screw rods 34 and nuts 33 are threadedly connected to adjust the relative position between the fixing ring 2 and the adjusting frame 4. It is worth noting that, since the screw rod 34 and the joint 32 are connected by a through-connection method in the present embodiment, and the joint 32 is rotatably connected to the base 31, the inclination angle of the adjusting frame 4 can also be adjusted during the actual adjustment process. Specifically, by adjusting the rotation amount of the nuts 33 at multiple different positions, the adjusting frame 4 can be driven to tilt, thereby meeting the multi-angle installation adaptation requirements during the fixing process of the adjusting frame 4.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the fixing structure 5 of the present invention includes a plurality of openings provided on the outer periphery of the adjustment frame 4, wherein the opening is rotatably connected with a joint 2 51, and the inner side of the joint 2 51 is movably connected with a joint 3 52. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a cavity is provided inside the joint 2 51, and the joint 3 52 is rotatably connected in the cavity;

[0052] The two ends of the joint three 52 are respectively connected with an axle rod 53 and a screw rod 2 54, and the side of the adjustment frame 4 is rotatably connected with a nut 2 55, and the nut 2 55 and the screw rod 2 54 are threadedly connected. The joint three 52 is threadedly connected with a bolt nail 56 that penetrates into the leg tissue 1.

[0053] When fixing the fixing ring 2 and the adjusting frame 4, firstly adjust the positions of the two fixing rings 2 on the connecting frame 8 to keep the two fixing rings 2 located on both sides of the fracture of the bone 11, and then lock and fix the positions of the fixing rings 2 by means of locking members;

[0054] The bolt nail 56 is screwed into the interior of the leg tissue 1. In the present embodiment, it is preferred to insert the bolt nail 56 into the bone 11. There are several bolt nails 56 distributed around the circumference. In one embodiment, when one bone is fractured, three bolt nails 56 can be inserted into the bone 11. For example, when two bones are fractured, six bolt nails 56 can be used, with each group of three being fixed on two bones 11 for fixation. Due to the movable connection design of joint two 51 and joint three 52, the bolt nail 56 can be threaded in and out, and can also be swung to adjust the angle.

[0055] In addition, it should be further explained that in this embodiment, after the position of the adjustment frame 4 is adjusted, the screw rod 2 54 can be driven by rotating the nut 2 55. When the screw rod 2 54 is forced to move laterally, it will drive the joint 3 52 to move inside the joint 2 51. Since the side wall of the joint 2 51 and the inner wall of the opening are in contact with each other, and the joint 3 52 and the inner wall of the joint 2 51 are in contact with each other, under the lateral traction of the nut 2 55 and the action of the pressing friction force between the components, the position locking between the joint 2 51 and the opening can be ensured, while the position locking between the joint 3 52 and the joint 2 51 is maintained. When the joint 3 52 is subjected to pressing force, the internal bolt 56 can also be squeezed and locked. In this way, in the process of adjusting the rotation locking of the nut 2 55, the synchronous position locking of the joint 2 51, the joint 3 52 and the bolt 56 can be achieved simultaneously, so as to improve the convenience of operation.

[0056] Of course, the adjustment frame 4 on the other side also operates in the same principle and is fixed to the other side of the fractured bone 11 , but at this time the broken parts of the middle bone 11 may not be aligned, and there may be an anastomosis gap, so we need to make further adjustments;

[0057] When adjusting the front and rear specifically, after the position of the fixing ring 2 on the connecting frame 8 is determined, the travel length of the screw rod 34 is adjusted by rotating the nut 33, so that the front and rear position of the adjustment frame 4 relative to the fixing ring 2 can be adjusted synchronously, so that the fractures on both sides of the bone 11 can be pulled to make the fractures fit together.

[0058] When the two adjustment frames 4 move relatively horizontally, only the spacing adjustment can be achieved, and other angle adjustments cannot be adjusted. After the spacing adjustment, the broken bones 11 are roughly aligned, so fine-tuning is required to make the fit more precise. At this time, the three nuts 33 can be adjusted in turn. When adjusting a single nut 33, the corresponding screw rod 34 will be elongated and shortened accordingly, and will pull the swing angle of the entire adjustment frame 4 to change, so that the adjustment frame 4 can arbitrarily change the angle and distance in the three-dimensional space. During the final adjustment, the bones at both ends of the broken part of the bone 11 will be driven to adjust so that the two seams are aligned and finally spliced ​​together to maintain a precise fitting position. After the broken parts of the bones 11 are spliced ​​together, the first auxiliary device, i.e., the guide mechanism 7 of the present invention, is required.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 Specifically, the guide mechanism 7 in the present invention includes a handle 71 and a guide tube 72 fixed at the end of the handle 71;

[0060] The fixed tube 6 is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube 72, and a changing structure 73 is arranged at the tail end of the guide tube 72. A driving structure 74 for driving the changing structure 73 to move is installed inside the handle 71. Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving structure 74 is used to drive the changing structure 73 to move. Through the design of the changing structure 73, the guide tube 72 can drive the fixed tube 6 to move smoothly inside the bone 11, thereby improving the stability and convenience of the insertion of the fixed tube 6.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 8 On the basis of the above embodiment, the direction-changing structure 73 in this embodiment includes a plurality of tie bars 731 distributed inside the guide tube 72. The tie bars 731 can be set as steel cables, and a resistance portion 732 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the tie bars 731.

[0062] Reference Fig. 9 , wherein a slide groove 733 is provided at the tail end of the guide tube 72, and the resistance portion 732 is slidably connected in the slide groove 733. The tail end of the guide tube 72 is also fixedly connected with a resistance ring 734, and a plurality of deformable arms 735 are distributed on the resistance ring 734. The resistance portion 732 resists the arm 735 to deform it.

[0063] Preferably, there are four tie rods 731 described in this embodiment, and the resistance part 732 is a block structure. Of course, in this embodiment, four arms 735 on the resistance ring 734 are also adapted to be arranged. The design of four arms can realize the movement and adjustment of the four directions of the entire guide tube 72, thereby realizing the movement and direction change of the guide tube 72. Furthermore, in the initial state, the arm 735 is attached to the outer side of the guide tube 72 to reduce the sliding resistance. A protrusion can be provided on the inner side of the arm 735. When the tie rod 731 drives the resistance part 732 to move, it will resist the protrusion inside the arm 735 to cause it to deform outward, thereby controlling the opening and closing movement of the arm 735.

[0064] Reference Figure 8 , further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving structure 74 includes a guide plate 741 fixed in the handle 1 71 and a plurality of motors 1 742;

[0065] The shaft end of the motor 1 742 is fixedly connected with a nut sleeve 743, and the end of the tension rod 731 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 3 736. The screw rod 3 736 has a planar portion that penetrates the guide plate 741. The planar portion and the guide plate 741 are movably connected to achieve circumferential limitation of the screw rod 3 736 to prevent its self-rotation. The screw rod 3 736 and the nut sleeve 743 are threadedly connected.

[0066] Of course, the motor 1 742 described in this embodiment is also adapted to be provided with four to realize the drive control of the four tie rods 731. During specific operation, the motor 1 742 drives the nut sleeve 743 to rotate. Since the nut sleeve 743 and the screw rod 3 736 are threadedly connected, the screw rod 3 736 will be driven to cooperate with the tie rod 731 to perform pulling and pulling movements. From the above description, it can be seen that when the tie rod 731 moves outward, the resistance portion 732 at its rear end will resist the arm 735 from expanding outward. At this time, the resistance between the expanded arm 735 and the inner hole arm of the bone 11 increases, so the entire guide tube 72 will bend and change direction toward that side. Similarly, when adjustments and changes in other directions are required, the change of direction can be completed by controlling the movement of the four tie rods 731.

[0067] That is, during a specific fracture operation, the above-mentioned fixing ring 2 and adjusting frame 4 are first fixed to the outside of the leg tissue 1, and then holes are punched on both sides of the fracture of the bone 11. Since the inside of the bone is hollow, two holes are drilled on the outside of the bone to connect the holes with the hollow inside of the bone 11. At this time, the guide tube 72 can be inserted into the hole, and pushed forward along the hollow position inside the bone, and passed out from the other hole. At this time, the guide tube 72 will pass through the fractured position, and at the same time, it will pass out from the inside of the bone 11 with the fixing tube 6. After the two ends of the fixing tube 6 are passed out, the fixing tube 6 can be clamped and knotted at both ends to keep the fracture of the bone 11 in hand and keep it under continuous force. After the fracture of the patient's bone 11 is healed, the fixing tube 6 can be directly pulled out. Since only two holes need to be opened during the entire operation, the wound surface is very small, which greatly reduces the pain of the patient.

[0068] Reference Fig.10 In the above scheme, it involves tying knots at both ends of the fixed tube 6, so the present invention also involves a second auxiliary device, namely a locking mechanism 9, and the specific present invention also includes a locking mechanism 9;

[0069] The locking mechanism 9 is used to form a knotted portion on the periphery of the fixing tube 6 , and the knotted portion stops at the outside of the bone 11 to prevent the fixing tube 6 from retracting.

[0070] Reference Fig.11 In some embodiments, the locking mechanism 9 includes a handle 91 and a mounting frame 92 fixed to the front end of the handle 91. Two tightening wheels 93 are rotatably connected to the end surface of the mounting frame 92. A driving assembly 94 for driving the two tightening wheels 93 to rotate is provided on the inner side of the handle 91. Preferably, the driving assembly 94 in this embodiment is a motor, and the motor drives the tightening wheels 93 to rotate through a worm gear structure.

[0071] A locking ring 95 is placed inside the mounting frame 92, and a clamping structure 96 is provided on the mounting frame 92 to drive the locking ring 95 to bend and deform. During operation, when one end of the fixing tube 6 is passed through the outside of the skeleton 11, the end can be placed between the two tightening wheels 93, and the two tightening wheels 93 are driven to rotate by the driving component 94 so that the fixing tube 6 can be tightened. Thereafter, the locking ring 95 is clamped on the outside of the fixing tube 6 by the clamping structure 96 to achieve knotting of the fixing tube 6.

[0072] Reference Fig.12Specifically, the clamping structure 96 in this embodiment includes two clamping arms 961, the front end of the mounting frame 92 has an opening, the two clamping arms 961 swing in the opening and fit on the outside of the locking ring 95, and a clamping finger 962 is installed on the inner side of the handle 91, and the two output ends of the clamping finger 962 are connected to the two clamping arms 961. The clamping finger 962 in this embodiment has two output ends, and the two output end seats rotate to control the rotation of the two clamping arms 961. Specifically, the clamping finger 962 may include two motors, and a shaft is fixed to the shaft end of the motor, and the shaft is fixedly connected to the clamping arm 961.

[0073] It is further explained that the interior of the mounting frame 92 described in this embodiment has a circular chamber, and the locking ring 95 is in a C-shaped structure. In addition, the end of the clamping arm 961 has a protrusion that stops the locking ring 95. Of course, multiple locking rings 95 can be placed in sequence inside the mounting frame 92, and a retaining spring is also clamped in the rear opening of the mounting frame 92. The retaining spring is used to stop and limit the locking ring 95 on the rear side to facilitate the locking ring 95 to fall off from the interior of the mounting frame 92. When a knot is required, the two clamping arms 961 are rotated to squeeze the front locking ring 95, so that it can be deformed and bent and clamped on the outer side of the fixed tube 6.

[0074] In summary, the present invention adopts the design of two fixing rings 2 and two adjustable adjustment frames 4. When the adjustment frame 4 is fixed on the leg tissue 1 via the fixing structure 5, the front and rear position and the inclination position of the adjustment frame 4 are adjusted by the adjustment structure 3, so that the adjustment frame 4 can arbitrarily change the angle and distance in the three-dimensional space. When finally adjusting, the bones at both ends of the fracture of the bone 11 will be driven to adjust so that the two seams are aligned, and finally spliced ​​together and maintained in a precise anastomotic position. Since the entire surgical process only requires opening two holes, the wound surface is very small, which greatly reduces the pain of the patient.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fractures, characterized in that: include: Two fixing rings (2) sleeved on the leg tissue (1), the two fixing rings (2) being located on both sides of the fractured bone (11); An adjustment frame (4) is connected to the side of the fixing ring (2) via an adjustment structure (3), and a fixing structure (5) connected to the inside of the leg tissue (1) is arranged on the adjustment frame (4); A fixing tube (6) is inserted into the interior of the skeleton (11), and a guide mechanism (7) for conveying and guiding the fixing tube (6) is installed inside the fixing tube (6).

2. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two fixing rings (2) slide together on a connecting frame (8), and the sliding part of the fixing ring (2) and the connecting frame (8) are locked and fixed by a locking piece; The two fixing rings (2) and the two adjusting frames (4) are symmetrically arranged along the fracture of the bone (11).

3. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure (3) comprises a plurality of bases (31) rotatably connected to the outside of the fixing ring (2); a joint (32) is rotatably connected above the base (31); and a nut (33) is rotatably connected to the side of the joint (32); A plurality of screw rods (34) are rotatably connected with pins on the upper side of the adjustment frame (4); the screw rods (34) pass through the joint (32) and are threadedly connected with the nut (33).

4. The minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing structure (5) comprises a plurality of openings formed on the outer periphery of the adjustment frame (4), wherein a second joint (51) is rotatably connected in the opening, a third joint (52) is movably connected to the inner side of the second joint (51), the two ends of the third joint (52) are respectively connected to a shaft rod (53) and a second screw rod (54), a nut (55) is rotatably connected to the side of the adjustment frame (4), the second nut (55) and the second screw rod (54) are threadedly connected, and a bolt (56) which penetrates into the inside of the leg tissue (1) is threadedly connected in the third joint (52).

5. The minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism (7) comprises a handle (71) and a guide tube (72) fixed to the end of the handle (71); The fixed tube (6) is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube (72), a direction-changing structure (73) is provided at the rear end of the guide tube (72), and a driving structure (74) for driving the direction-changing structure (73) to move is installed inside the handle (71).

6. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The direction-changing structure (73) comprises a plurality of tie bars (731) distributed inside the guide tube (72), and a resistance portion (732) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the tie bar (731); The tail end of the guide tube (72) is provided with a slide groove (733), and the abutment portion (732) is slidably connected to the slide groove (733). The tail end of the guide tube (72) is also fixedly connected with a resistance ring (734), and a plurality of deformable arms (735) are distributed on the resistance ring (734), and the abutment portion (732) abuts against the arm (735) to deform it.

7. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving structure (74) comprises a guide plate (741) fixed in the handle (71) and a plurality of motors (742); The shaft end of the motor one (742) is fixedly connected to a nut sleeve (743), and the end of the tie rod (731) is fixedly connected to a screw rod three (736), wherein the screw rod three (736) has a flat portion penetrating the guide plate (741), and the screw rod three (736) and the nut sleeve (743) are threadedly connected.

8. The minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a locking mechanism (9); The locking mechanism (9) is used to form a knotted portion on the periphery of the fixing tube (6), and the knotted portion stops at the outside of the bone (11) to prevent the fixing tube (6) from retracting.

9. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (9) comprises a second handle (91) and a mounting frame (92) fixed to the front end of the second handle (91); two tightening wheels (93) are rotatably connected to the end surface of the mounting frame (92); and a driving assembly (94) for driving the two tightening wheels (93) to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the second handle (91); A locking ring (95) is placed inside the mounting frame (92), and a clamping structure (96) for driving the locking ring (95) to bend and deform is provided on the mounting frame (92).

10. A minimally invasive surgical instrument for leg fracture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping structure (96) includes two clamping arms (961), the front end of the mounting frame (92) has an opening, the two clamping arms (961) swing in the opening and fit on the outer side of the locking ring (95), and a clamping finger (962) is installed on the inner side of the handle (91), and the two output ends of the clamping finger (962) are connected to the two clamping arms (961).

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