A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection. It includes an optical fiber, a heat conductor, a heat insulation cylinder, and a control system. The optical fiber is movably connected inside the heat insulation cylinder. A heat conductor is coated on the outer wall of one end of the optical fiber. Both the optical fiber and the heat conductor are connected to the control system. The control system includes an excitation source, a laser, a control circuit, and an overheat protection circuit. The excitation source is connected to the laser, and the laser is connected to the optical fiber. The optical fiber converts the received laser light into heat energy, which is used to heat the heat conductor. The heat conductor is connected to the overheat protection circuit, which is connected to the control circuit. The overheat protection circuit controls the control circuit to switch on and off based on the resistance of the heat conductor. This invention achieves automatic control and overheat protection, thereby effectively stopping hemostasis and avoiding secondary tissue damage after puncture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection. Background Technology

[0002] Early-stage cancer often lacks specific clinical manifestations, necessitating a biopsy for diagnosis. However, due to factors such as the depth of the puncture and whether blood vessels are reached, bleeding can occur to varying degrees after the biopsy. For example, the incidence of bleeding after a lung biopsy is 5%-50%, and some patients even experience hemoptysis as a complication. Therefore, effective hemostasis after the biopsy is crucial.

[0003] Most existing puncture hemostasis devices are fiber optic based, offering advantages such as small size, flexible operation, and adjustable temperature, demonstrating good performance in puncture hemostasis. The principle of fiber optic hemostasis is photothermal therapy. A laser outputs light energy, which is converted into heat energy via an optical fiber and then heated to the target hemostasis site by a heat-conducting device. Once the temperature reaches the protein denaturation temperature, the tissue coagulates and hemostasis is achieved. For this type of hemostasis device, once the temperature reaches the tissue hemostasis temperature, it is necessary to promptly control the external excitation and stop the light input to avoid continuous light heating that could cause tissue carbonization, burn normal tissue, and expand the wound. Therefore, fiber optic heating hemostasis devices employ sensors installed externally on the heat-conducting structure, such as temperature sensors, position sensors, photoelectric devices, photosensitive devices, or thermocouples. The signals collected by these sensors are used as control signals to adjust the laser output parameters. Obviously, the essence of control achieved through sensor acquisition circuit is based on signal conversion circuit. Any conversion circuit has certain sensitivity and delay issues. Moreover, the sensor is often a separate structure installed outside the heat conductor, which is at risk of falling off and malfunctioning. Once it falls off or a circuit failure occurs, the heat conductor will continue to heat the tissue, causing irreversible damage to the tissue.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection, which, compared with existing technologies, achieves automatic control and overheat protection, thereby achieving effective hemostasis and avoiding secondary tissue damage after puncture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection includes an optical fiber, a heat conductor, a heat insulation cylinder, and a control system. The optical fiber is movably connected inside the heat insulation cylinder. The heat conductor is coated on the outer wall of one end of the optical fiber. Both the optical fiber and the heat conductor are connected to the control system.

[0008] The control system includes an excitation source, a laser, a control circuit, and an overheat protection circuit. The excitation source is connected to the laser, and the laser is connected to the optical fiber. The optical fiber converts the received laser light into heat energy and is used to heat the heat conductor. The heat conductor is connected to the overheat protection circuit, and the overheat protection circuit is connected to the control circuit. The overheat protection circuit controls the control circuit to switch on and off based on the resistance of the heat conductor.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat conductor includes a first heat-conducting layer and a second heat-conducting layer. The first heat-conducting layer is made of vanadium dioxide, and the second heat-conducting layer is made of metal, alloy, or ceramic material. The first heat-conducting layer is connected to the overheat protection circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the overheat protection circuit includes a temperature acquisition circuit, which includes a terminal block, a NOT gate chip, and a first resistor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one port of the terminal block. The other port of the terminal block is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, which is grounded. The NOT gate chip is connected in parallel with the terminal block. The NOT gate chip has five ports: NC, A, GND, VCC, and Y. The NC port is connected to the first thermally conductive layer, the A port is connected to the end of the first resistor furthest from the positive terminal of the power supply, the GND port is grounded, the VCC port is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the Y port outputs a level signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the overheat protection circuit also includes a voltage follower circuit, and the control circuit is equipped with a switching circuit. The switching circuit is controlled by the voltage output of the voltage follower circuit, and the input of the voltage follower circuit is the level signal output by the temperature acquisition circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the voltage follower circuit includes an operational amplifier, a field-effect transistor (FET), a capacitor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. One end of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the drain (D) terminal of the FET. The source (S) terminal of the FET is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the gate (G) terminal of the FET receives the level signal output by the temperature acquisition circuit. The non-inverting input terminal and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier are grounded, and the positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The second resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the third resistor is connected in series on the connected line. An output port is provided on the line connecting the second resistor and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The output port is located between the third resistor and the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output port outputs a voltage. The capacitor is connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0013] Furthermore, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor are set to be the same.

[0014] Furthermore, the control method for the switching circuit to be on and off is as follows: a temperature threshold is set, and when the first heat-conducting layer reaches the temperature threshold, the overheat protection circuit forms a loop, the NOT gate chip inputs a low-level signal and outputs a high-level signal NET1, the voltage follower circuit inputs NET1 and outputs voltage NET2, and voltage NET2 controls the switching circuit to be off.

[0015] Furthermore, when the material of the first thermally conductive layer is only vanadium dioxide, the temperature threshold is 68℃; the material of the first thermally conductive layer can also be vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium in a mass doping ratio of a:b:c, and after injecting 1MeV of energy, the temperature threshold is obtained according to the following method:

[0016] A deep learning model is set up, in which the overheat protection circuit is used as the learning model. The mass of vanadium dioxide is a fixed value, and a unit doping mass is set. Different amounts of aluminum and germanium are doped into vanadium dioxide to form multiple first thermal conductive layers. Each first thermal conductive layer is connected to a NOT gate chip. When the temperature acquisition circuit outputs the NET11 signal and the voltage follower circuit outputs the NET12 signal, the temperature value of the first thermal conductive layer at this time is taken as the temperature threshold under the mass doping ratio of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium. Among them, the NET11 signal is the output signal of the temperature acquisition circuit when the material of the first thermal conductive layer is only vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C, and the NET12 signal is the output signal of the voltage follower circuit when the material of the first thermal conductive layer is only vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat insulation cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder, the second cylinder is threadedly connected to the first cylinder, the optical fiber is connected to the second cylinder, and the heat conductor is disposed at the end of the optical fiber away from the second cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the second heat-conducting layer is positioned further away from the second cylinder than the first heat-conducting layer.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The present invention sets a first thermal conductive layer and a second thermal conductive layer on the outside of the optical fiber. The first thermal conductive layer is vanadium dioxide coated on it. Vanadium dioxide is a phase change material. At the same time, it does not increase the size of the device and does not pose a risk of falling off. The first thermal conductive layer is directly connected to the overheat protection circuit. By utilizing the property of the relationship between the resistance and temperature change of the phase change material, a temperature threshold is set. The on and off of the control circuit is controlled by a voltage follower circuit. No signal processing and conversion circuit is required. It is directly connected to the excitation source. The controller turns on and off to achieve automatic control, thereby achieving effective hemostasis.

[0021] (2) By setting a retractable heat insulation cylinder, the optical fiber is unscrewed out of the first cylinder during hemostasis, and the second heat-conducting layer is brought into contact with the tissue to perform hemostasis. After the hemostasis is completed, during the removal process, since it takes a certain amount of time for the temperature of the second heat-conducting layer to drop to 0°C, the second heat-conducting layer can be directly screwed into the first cylinder. In this way, during the removal of the present invention, the heat conductor will not come into contact with other tissues, which can avoid contact between other tissues and the heat conductor, and can also save the time required for the heat conductor to drop to 0°C, thereby achieving overheat protection and avoiding secondary damage to the tissue after puncture. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage follower circuit of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Optical fiber; 2. Heat conductor; 21. First heat-conducting layer; 22. Second heat-conducting layer; 3. Heat insulation cylinder; 31. First cylinder body; 32. Second cylinder body; P1. Terminal block; R1. First resistor; U2. NOT gate chip; R2. Second resistor; R3. Third resistor; C1. Capacitor; U1. Operational amplifier; Q1. Transistor; T. Output port. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection, including an optical fiber 1, a heat conductor 2, a heat insulation cylinder 3, and a control system. The optical fiber 1 is disposed inside the heat insulation cylinder 3 and is slidably connected inside the heat insulation cylinder 3. The heat conductor 2 is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the optical fiber 1 that can extend out of the heat insulation cylinder 3. When the optical fiber 1 extends out of the heat insulation cylinder 3, the heat conductor 2 is located outside the heat insulation cylinder 3. Both the optical fiber 1 and the heat conductor 2 are electrically connected to the control system.

[0030] The heat conductor 2 includes a first heat-conducting layer 21 and a second heat-conducting layer 22. Both the first heat-conducting layer 21 and the second heat-conducting layer 22 are coated on the outer wall of the optical fiber 1. The first heat-conducting layer 21 is located in the middle of the optical fiber 1 relative to the second heat-conducting layer 22. The first heat-conducting layer 21 is made of vanadium dioxide coating. The preparation methods of the vanadium dioxide layer include physical vapor deposition, sol-gel method, chemical vapor deposition method, laser deposition method, etc. The second heat-conducting layer 22 is made of metal, alloy or ceramic material coating. The metal includes aluminum, copper and silver, the alloy includes titanium alloy, and the ceramic material includes alumina and boron nitride.

[0031] The control system includes an excitation source, a laser, a control circuit, and an overheat protection circuit. The excitation source is connected to the laser, the laser is connected to the optical fiber 1, the overheat protection circuit is connected to the control circuit, the control circuit is also connected to the excitation source, and the overheat protection circuit is also connected to the first heat-conducting layer 21. The laser outputs laser light to the optical fiber 1, heating the optical fiber 1, thereby heating the first heat-conducting layer 21 and the second heat-conducting layer 22. The overheat protection circuit outputs according to the temperature of the first heat-conducting layer 21, and controls the on / off state of the control circuit based on the output of the overheat protection circuit, thereby controlling the on / off state of the excitation source for automatic control and overheat protection. The second heat-conducting layer 22 is in contact with the tissue, effectively transferring the heat energy converted from light energy to the tissue, heating the tissue to stop bleeding, and has a high thermal conductivity.

[0032] Overheat protection circuits can be one or more simple digital and analog circuits, preferably... Figure 3 The circuit shown in the diagram uses a switching circuit in the control circuit to switch on and off via a voltage follower circuit. The specific circuit structure of the voltage follower circuit is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the overheat protection circuit includes a temperature acquisition circuit and a voltage follower circuit. The temperature acquisition circuit includes a terminal block P1, a NOT gate chip U2, and a first resistor R1. The positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the first resistor R1. The end of the first resistor R1 away from the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to one port of the terminal block P1. The other port of the terminal block P1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The negative terminal of the power supply is grounded. The NOT gate chip U2 is connected in parallel with the terminal block P1. The NOT gate chip U2 has five ports, namely NC, A, GND, VCC, and Y. The NC port is connected to the first thermal conductive layer 21. The A port is connected to the end of the first resistor R1 away from the positive terminal of the power supply. The GND port is grounded. The VCC port is connected to the positive terminal of another power supply. The Y port outputs a level signal.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the voltage follower circuit includes an operational amplifier U1, a transistor Q1, a capacitor C1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the end of the second resistor R2 away from the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the source (S) terminal of the transistor Q1. The drain (D) terminal of the transistor Q1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1. The gate (G) terminal of the transistor Q1 receives the level signal output from the Y terminal of the temperature acquisition circuit. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded, and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is also grounded. The positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. Two resistors R2 are connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1. A third resistor R3 is connected in series on the line connecting the second resistor R2 to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1. An output port T is provided on the line connecting the second resistor R2 to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1. The output port T is located between the third resistor R3 and the output terminal of operational amplifier U1. The output port T outputs a voltage. The inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the end of the third resistor R3 away from the second resistor R2. A capacitor C1 is connected in series on the line connecting the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 to the end of the third resistor R3 away from the second resistor R2.

[0035] The resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 are set to be the same.

[0036] The first thermally conductive layer 21 is connected to the NOT gate chip U2 and a temperature threshold is set. When the temperature threshold is exceeded, the first thermally conductive layer 21 exhibits good conductor properties and forms a circuit through the power supply, the first resistor R1, and ground. The NOT gate chip U2 inputs a low-level signal and outputs a high-level signal NET1. The NET1 output by the temperature acquisition circuit is used as an input to the voltage follower circuit. The voltage follower circuit generates an output voltage NET2. NET2 is directly connected to the control circuit through a switching circuit. Disconnecting the switching circuit cuts off the power supply to the laser, i.e., cuts off the excitation source, thus effectively achieving overheat protection.

[0037] When the first thermally conductive layer 21 is only coated with vanadium dioxide, the temperature threshold is the phase transition temperature of vanadium dioxide, 68°C. The temperature threshold can be adjusted by doping vanadium dioxide with aluminum and germanium and injecting 1 MeV of energy. The mass doping ratio of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium is set as a:b:c, and a:b:c is obtained by the following method:

[0038] A deep learning model is set up, in which the overheat protection circuit is used as the learning model. The mass of vanadium dioxide is a fixed value, and a unit doping mass is set. Different amounts of aluminum and germanium are doped into the vanadium dioxide to form multiple first thermal conductive layers 21. Each first thermal conductive layer 21 is connected to the NOT gate chip U2. When the temperature acquisition circuit outputs the NET11 signal and the voltage follower circuit outputs the NET12 signal, the mass doping ratio of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium in the corresponding first thermal conductive layer 21 is taken. The temperature value of the first thermal conductive layer 21 when the temperature acquisition circuit outputs the NET11 signal and the voltage follower circuit outputs the NET12 signal is the temperature threshold under the mass doping ratio of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium. Among them, the NET11 signal is the output signal of the temperature acquisition circuit when the first thermal conductive layer 21 is only coated with vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C. The NET12 signal is the output signal of the voltage follower circuit when the first thermal conductive layer 21 is only coated with vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat insulation cylinder 3 includes a first cylinder 31 and a second cylinder 32. The first cylinder 31 is sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder 32, and the second cylinder 32 is threadedly connected to the first cylinder 31. The optical fiber 1 is connected to the second cylinder 32. The first heat-conducting layer 21 and the second heat-conducting layer 22 are disposed at the ends of the optical fiber 1 away from the second cylinder 32. The second heat-conducting layer 22 is disposed closer to the end than the first heat-conducting layer 21. By rotating the second cylinder 32, the second cylinder 32 can drive the optical fiber 1 to move out of the first cylinder 31 and into the first cylinder 31.

[0040] This invention provides a first thermally conductive layer 21 and a second thermally conductive layer 22 on the outside of the optical fiber 1. The first thermally conductive layer 21 is coated with vanadium dioxide, which is a phase change material. This does not increase the size of the device and eliminates the risk of detachment. The first thermally conductive layer 21 is directly connected to the overheat protection circuit. By utilizing the property of the relationship between the resistance and temperature change of the phase change material, a temperature threshold is set. The on / off state of the control circuit is controlled by a voltage follower circuit. No signal processing and conversion circuit is required. The circuit is directly connected to the excitation source, and the controller automatically controls the on / off state, thereby achieving effective hemostasis.

[0041] This invention, by setting a retractable heat-insulating cylinder 3, allows the optical fiber 1 to be unscrewed from the first cylinder 31 during hemostasis, bringing the second heat-conducting layer 22 into contact with the tissue for hemostasis. After hemostasis is completed, during the removal process, since it takes time for the temperature of the second heat-conducting layer 22 to drop to 0°C, it can be directly screwed back into the first cylinder 31. This prevents the heat-conducting element 2 from contacting other tissues during the removal process, avoids contact between other tissues and the heat-conducting element 2, and saves the time required for the heat-conducting element 2 to drop to 0°C, achieving overheat protection and thus preventing secondary damage to the tissue after puncture.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection, characterized in that, The device includes an optical fiber, a heat conductor, a heat insulation cylinder, and a control system. The optical fiber is movably connected inside the heat insulation cylinder. The heat conductor is coated on the outer wall of one end of the optical fiber. Both the optical fiber and the heat conductor are connected to the control system. The control system includes an excitation source, a laser, a control circuit, and an overheat protection circuit. The excitation source is connected to the laser, and the laser is connected to the optical fiber. The optical fiber converts the received laser light into heat energy and is used to heat the heat conductor. The heat conductor is connected to the overheat protection circuit, and the overheat protection circuit is connected to the control circuit. The overheat protection circuit controls the control circuit to switch on and off according to the resistance of the heat conductor. The overheat protection circuit includes a temperature acquisition circuit and a voltage follower circuit. The overheat protection circuit is equipped with a NOT gate chip, which is connected to the heat conductor. The control circuit is equipped with a switching circuit, and the switching circuit is controlled according to the voltage output of the voltage follower circuit. The input of the voltage follower circuit is the level signal output by the temperature acquisition circuit. The control method for the on / off switching circuit is as follows: a temperature threshold is set. When the first heat-conducting layer reaches the temperature threshold, the overheat protection circuit forms a loop. The NOT gate chip inputs a low-level signal and outputs a high-level signal NET1. The voltage follower circuit inputs NET1 and outputs voltage NET2. Voltage NET2 controls the switching circuit to open. The heat conductor includes a first heat-conducting layer and a second heat-conducting layer. The first heat-conducting layer is made of vanadium dioxide, and the second heat-conducting layer is made of metal, alloy, or ceramic material. The first heat-conducting layer is connected to the overheat protection circuit. The heat insulation cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder. The first cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the second cylinder. The second cylinder is threadedly connected to the first cylinder. The optical fiber is connected to the second cylinder. The heat conductor is disposed at the end of the optical fiber away from the second cylinder.

2. The hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition circuit further includes a terminal block and a first resistor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one port of the terminal block. The other port of the terminal block is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, which is grounded. The terminal block is connected in parallel with a NOT gate chip. The NOT gate chip has five ports: NC, A, GND, VCC, and Y. The NC port is connected to the first thermally conductive layer, the A port is connected to the end of the first resistor furthest from the positive terminal of the power supply, the GND port is grounded, the VCC port is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the Y port outputs a level signal.

3. A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage follower circuit includes an operational amplifier, a field-effect transistor (FET), a capacitor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. One end of the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the drain (D) terminal of the FET. The source (S) terminal of the FET is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the gate (G) terminal of the FET receives the level signal output by the temperature acquisition circuit. The non-inverting input terminal and the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier are grounded, and the positive power supply terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The second resistor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the third resistor is connected in series on the connecting line. An output port is provided on the line connecting the second resistor and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The output port is located between the third resistor and the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output port outputs a voltage. The capacitor is connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

4. A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The resistance values ​​of the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor are set to be the same.

5. A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first thermally conductive layer is made of vanadium dioxide, the temperature threshold is 68℃. The first thermally conductive layer can also be made of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium in a mass doping ratio of a:b:c, and after injecting 1MeV of energy. The temperature threshold is obtained using the following method: A deep learning model is set up, in which the overheat protection circuit is used as the learning model. The mass of vanadium dioxide is a fixed value, and a unit doping mass is set. Different amounts of aluminum and germanium are doped into vanadium dioxide to form multiple first thermal conductive layers. Each first thermal conductive layer is connected to a NOT gate chip. When the temperature acquisition circuit outputs the NET11 signal and the voltage follower circuit outputs the NET12 signal, the temperature value of the first thermal conductive layer at this time is taken as the temperature threshold under the mass doping ratio of vanadium dioxide, aluminum, and germanium. Among them, the NET11 signal is the output signal of the temperature acquisition circuit when the material of the first thermal conductive layer is only vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C, and the NET12 signal is the output signal of the voltage follower circuit when the material of the first thermal conductive layer is only vanadium dioxide and the temperature threshold is 68°C.

6. A hemostatic device with real-time temperature control and overheat protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second heat-conducting layer is positioned further away from the second cylinder than the first heat-conducting layer.

Images