Orthopedic traction device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, particularly relates to an orthopedic traction device, and aims to improve the defects of an existing traction device in the aspects of traction angle adjustment, traction force uniform application, real-time monitoring and accurate traction force control and patient comfort. The device comprises a supporting frame, a tension adjusting mechanism, a pedal piece, a dynamometer, a traction bow, a turning assembly, a traction rope and the like which are installed at the tail of a bed, and through cooperation of the adjustable pedal piece, a rope wheel and the dynamometer, the traction angle can be flexibly adjusted, it is guaranteed that traction force is evenly applied, the traction force is monitored in real time, and accurate control is guaranteed. In addition, the device is made of high-strength and light-weight materials such as aluminum alloy and steel, the stability in the traction process and the comfort degree of a patient are guaranteed, and effective support is provided for clinical orthopedic treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an orthopedic traction device. Background Art

[0002] Traction therapy is a common and effective method in orthopedic treatment. It usually achieves stable fixation of bones and relieves pain by setting steel nails (or other fixings) at the fractured part or the part to be corrected and applying a certain pulling force. Traditional orthopedic traction devices generally include an adjustable traction support structure and a traction rope system. The traction support restricts the position of the patient's limbs and applies pulling force outward with the help of the traction rope to achieve the reduction and fixation of the fractured part or joint.

[0003] However, with the continuous improvement of clinical needs, traditional orthopedic traction devices still have the following shortcomings during use: 1. The adjustment of the traction angle and height is not flexible enough. Some devices only have a single angle or limited angle adjustment, which makes it difficult to fine-tune the inclination angle and height of the footrest according to the actual situation of the patient during the traction operation, causing the patient to feel uncomfortable during the traction process or affecting the traction effect.

[0004] 2. It is difficult to keep the traction force vertical and uniform. Since the pulley position design of the traction device or the installation method of the traction bow is relatively fixed, when the traction rope is transmitted through the pulley, it is easy to deviate or be subjected to excessive force locally, so that the traction force cannot always remain perpendicular to the fracture site or the steel nail, reducing the accuracy and effectiveness of the treatment.

[0005] 3. Real-time monitoring and precise control of traction are difficult. Although some existing devices are equipped with dynamometers or other measuring components, due to limitations in structural design, placement or transmission methods, the force measurement data is prone to lag, inaccuracy or difficulty in intuitive reading, which makes it impossible for medical staff to grasp the traction force in a timely and accurate manner, thus affecting the treatment effect.

[0006] 4. The balance between traction operation and patient comfort needs to be optimized. Some devices do not adequately control the strain or elastic deformation of the support structure when applying traction, and cannot take into account both the patient's comfort and the rigid support required during traction operation, which can easily cause secondary pain or discomfort.

[0007] In summary, existing orthopedic traction devices still have many shortcomings in terms of adjusting the traction angle and height, uniformly applying the traction force direction, real-time monitoring and precise control of traction force, and improving patient comfort. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an orthopedic traction device, which can flexibly adjust the angle and height, ensure that the traction force direction is uniform, and can be accurately monitored and controlled.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An orthopedic traction device comprises a support frame installed at the end of a bed, the support frame comprises a mounting plate, both ends of the mounting plate are connected to side frames, and a cross column and a cross bar are arranged between the side frames arranged opposite to each other; A tension adjustment mechanism is installed on the mounting plate, and the tension adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the value of the traction force; The traction end of the tension adjustment mechanism is connected with a dynamometer, which is used to display the specific value of the traction force; A direction-changing component is connected to the horizontal column; A foot support is mounted on the crossbar; The foot support member includes a clamping member clamped on the crossbar, one side of the clamping member is slidably connected to a second pin joint, and the outer side of the second pin joint is connected to a pedal member for placing a foot; A traction assembly is arranged on the pedal, and the traction assembly comprises a traction bow connected to a steel nail, one end of the traction bow is fixedly connected to a tether joint, one end of the tether joint is connected to a traction rope, the traction rope passes through the direction-changing assembly, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the top of the dynamometer.

[0010] Furthermore, the tension adjustment mechanism includes a positioning barrel, a first positioning hole is opened through the top center of the positioning barrel, a turntable is rotatably connected in the first positioning hole, a threaded column is opened through the center of the turntable, the threaded column and the turntable are connected by threaded cooperation, the top of the threaded column is connected to a spring, the top of the spring is connected to a second spring fixing head, and the top of the second spring fixing head is provided with an angle plate connected to the mounting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the bottom end of the mounting plate; The bottom of the positioning barrel is fixedly connected with a first pin joint, the first pin joint is connected with a pin joint seat, the bottom of the pin joint seat is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, anti-skid grooves are provided on the outer side of the turntable at equal intervals around its central axis; The top of the threaded column is fixedly connected with a first spring fixing head, both ends of the spring are provided with hanging rings, and both ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first spring fixing head and the second spring fixing head through pins.

[0013] Furthermore, a first connection hole is formed through the side surface of the mounting plate; The angle plate is in an L-shape, and a second connection hole corresponding to the first connection hole is formed through the side surface of the angle plate; A guide hole is provided through the top of the angle plate; A joint is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring fixing head, and the joint is inserted into the guide hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the dynamometer is fixedly connected to a guide column, the bottom of the guide column is fixedly connected to a first connector, the first connector is connected to the joint by threaded engagement, and the diameter of the guide column is the same as the inner diameter of the guide hole; The dynamometer is provided with a display screen.

[0015] Furthermore, a second connector is fixedly connected to the top of the dynamometer, a connector cap is connected to the second connector cap by threaded engagement, and a through hole is formed through the center of the top of the connector cap; One end of the traction rope is inserted into the through hole, and after the traction rope passes through the through hole, a knot needs to be tied on the traction rope.

[0016] Furthermore, the direction-changing assembly includes a sleeve sleeved on the horizontal column, and a locking seat is provided on the top of the sleeve. By installing a screw on the locking seat, the sleeve can be locked on the horizontal column; The outer side surface of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a positioning plate, the lower end surface of the positioning plate is rotatably connected with a wheel frame, and the interior of the wheel frame is rotatably connected with a first rope wheel; A second positioning hole is formed through the upper end surface of the positioning plate, and a positioning column is fixedly connected to the top of the wheel frame, and the positioning column is inserted into the second positioning hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a first locking screw is connected to the outer side of the clamping member, and tightening the first locking screw can fix the clamping member on the crossbar; The outer side of the clamping member is fixedly connected with a guide rail; the second pin joint is slidably connected to the guide rail, and a second locking screw for locking the position of the second pin joint is arranged on the outer side of the second pin joint; The top of the clamping piece is symmetrically and fixedly connected with a rope pulley support plate, and the second rope pulley is rotatably connected between the rope pulley support plates.

[0018] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at the top edge of the footrest.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can effectively solve the problem that the traction angle and height are difficult to flexibly adjust by providing a slidable and tiltable structure between the foot pedal and the second pin joint; by adding a guide rail to the positioning member and providing a baffle on the foot pedal, combined with the fine adjustment of the tilt angle by the foot pedal, the foot support member can be adjusted in multiple dimensions according to the patient's injury and body position requirements during traction; this setting not only meets the traction requirements of multiple angles and multiple heights, but also enables medical staff to more easily complete personalized reduction and fixation operations in clinical applications, thereby improving the flexibility and pertinence of the orthopedic traction device.

[0020] The present invention can solve the problem that it is difficult to keep the traction force applied in a vertical and uniform direction by arranging a first rope pulley and a second rope pulley at the cross column and the foot pedal respectively for variable guidance; the traction rope, with the cooperation of the multi-stage rope pulley, can maintain a relatively vertical state at a position close to one end of the traction bow, and when the traction bow is fixed on the steel nail, it can ensure that the traction force on the fracture or the part to be corrected is evenly distributed, while reducing the risk of local excessive stress; the design of the cooperation of the multi-stage rope pulley and the traction bow improves the problem of uneven force in traditional devices, and also better ensures the treatment accuracy during the traction process.

[0021] The present invention can solve the problem of difficulty in real-time monitoring and precise control of traction force by arranging a spring on the threaded column and installing a dynamometer on the top; the dynamometer intuitively displays the magnitude of the pulling force through a display screen, and cooperates with the pulling force adjustment mechanism to accurately adjust the extension and contraction amount of the threaded column according to the reading during the traction process, thereby realizing refined setting of the traction force; this not only meets the needs of dynamic monitoring and timely regulation during treatment, but also makes up for the shortcomings of measurement lag or inability to read intuitively in the background technology, thereby ensuring the safety of patients and the stability of traction efficacy.

[0022] The present invention can improve the problem of insufficient balance between traction operation and patient comfort by selecting steel or aluminum alloy materials as the support frame, utilizing spring deformation buffering, and providing ergonomic footrests; by placing the heel against the baffle and finely adjusting the inclination angle and height, stable traction can be achieved while reducing discomfort; the selection of high-strength and weight-reducing materials facilitates movement and adjustment by medical staff; during the traction process, sufficient support stiffness is retained while taking into account flexible buffering of the patient's feet, so that clinical application and patient experience are effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention installed on a bed; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tension adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamometer of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the direction-changing assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the foot support member of the present invention.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Support frame; 11. mounting plate; 112. first connecting hole; 113. bottom plate; 12. side frame; 13. horizontal column; 14. horizontal bar; 2. Tension adjustment mechanism; 21. positioning barrel; 211. first positioning hole; 212. first pin joint; 22. pin joint seat; 221. fixing plate; 23. turntable; 231. anti-slip groove; 24. threaded column; 241. first spring fixing head; 25. spring; 26. second spring fixing head; 261. joint; 27. angle plate; 271. second connecting hole; 272. guide hole; 3. Dynamometer; 31. display screen; 32. guide column; 321. first connector; 33. second connector; 34. connector cap; 341. through hole; 4. Direction change component; 41. sleeve; 411. locking seat; 42. positioning plate; 421. second positioning hole; 43. wheel frame; 431. positioning column; 44. first rope pulley; 5. Foot support; 51. Positioning member; 511. First locking screw; 512. Rope pulley support plate; 513. Guide rail; 52. second rope pulley; 53. second pin joint; 531. second locking screw; 54, foot pedal; 541, baffle; 6. Traction components; 61. Traction bow; 611. Tie joint; 62. Traction rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1-8 , an orthopedic traction device, comprising a support frame 1 installed at the end of a bed, the support frame 1 comprising a mounting plate 11, both ends of the mounting plate 11 are connected to side frames 12, and a cross column 13 and a cross bar 14 are arranged between the oppositely arranged side frames 12; A tension adjustment mechanism 2 is installed on the mounting plate 11, and the tension adjustment mechanism 2 is used to adjust the value of the traction force; The traction end of the tension adjustment mechanism 2 is connected to a dynamometer 3, and the dynamometer 3 is used to display the specific value of the traction force; The crossbar 13 is connected with a direction-changing component 4; The foot support 5 is mounted on the crossbar 14; The foot support member 5 includes a clamping member 51 clamped on the cross bar 14, one side of the clamping member 51 is slidably connected to a second pin joint 53, and the outer side of the second pin joint 53 is connected to a footrest member 54 for placing the foot; The pedal 54 is provided with a traction assembly 6, which includes a traction bow 61 connected to a steel nail, one end of the traction bow 61 is fixedly connected to a tether joint 611, one end of the tether joint 611 is connected to a traction rope 62, the traction rope 62 passes through the direction-changing assembly 4, and the other end of the traction rope 62 is connected to the top of the dynamometer 3; The support frame 1 is made of Q235 steel and is sprayed with anti-rust paint on the surface to improve durability and stability; The mounting plate 11 and the side frame 12 are connected by high-strength bolts and the bolts of GB / T 5783-2016 specifications are selected to ensure good rigidity during the traction process; The crossbar 13 and the crossbar 14 are made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy profiles to reduce weight and improve flexibility of movement and adjustment during clinical operation; The footrest 54 can meet the personalized needs of the patient's foot posture during orthopedic treatment by properly adjusting the inclination angle, and can effectively control the traction angle and traction direction during traction in combination with the tension adjustment mechanism 2, thereby meeting the requirements of uniform traction and improved comfort proposed in the background technology; The traction rope 62 may be made of medical grade nylon material with a diameter of 5 mm, which has high tensile strength and flexibility, and can better prevent breakage or fatigue failure during the pulling process; The traction bow 61 and the tether joint 611 are fixed by three-point welding, and stress relief treatment is performed at the welding point, so that the traction bow 61 can stably cooperate with the foot steel nail to achieve uniform traction of the fracture site or the site to be corrected, thereby effectively solving the problems of excessive local force and difficulty in maintaining the vertical traction direction proposed in the background technology; Through the above improvements, it is possible to perform multi-angle and multi-height adjustments according to the patient's condition and body position requirements during the orthopedic traction process, and use the dynamometer 3 to monitor the value of the traction force in real time to achieve a more accurate treatment plan.

[0027] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 The tension adjustment mechanism 2 includes a positioning barrel 21, a first positioning hole 211 is formed through the top center of the positioning barrel 21, a turntable 23 is rotatably connected in the first positioning hole 211, a threaded column 24 is formed through the center of the turntable 23, the threaded column 24 and the turntable 23 are connected by threaded fitting, a spring 25 is connected to the top of the threaded column 24, a second spring fixing head 26 is connected to the top of the spring 25, and an angle plate 27 connected to the mounting plate 11 is provided on the top of the second spring fixing head 26; The positioning barrel 21 is made of 45# steel after quenching and tempering and then finely processed. The outer diameter is Φ60mm and anti-slip texture is added to the outer wall to facilitate installation and later maintenance. The turntable 23 can be die-casted with aluminum alloy material ADC12, and a circle of grooves are distributed on the outer edge according to ergonomic design to provide better grip when rotating, and at the same time, through cooperation with the threaded column 24, it can meet the multi-angle traction requirements while preventing looseness; The spring 25 may be an alloy steel spring with a wire diameter of 2.5 mm, and the initial elastic force may be adjusted between 35 N and 50 N. This range can meet the requirements for moderate elastic support and deformation during orthopedic traction, thereby helping the patient to maintain a relatively comfortable state during traction while taking into account effective fixation of the fracture site; The expansion and contraction adjustment of the spring 25 is achieved by moving the threaded column 24 up and down, and combined with the reading of the dynamometer 3, the problem of inaccurate traction monitoring and difficulty in real-time control of traction in the background technology is further solved.

[0028] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 , a bottom plate 113 is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the bottom end of the mounting plate 11; The bottom of the positioning barrel 21 is fixedly connected with a first pin joint 212, the first pin joint 212 is connected with a pin seat 22, the bottom of the pin seat 22 is fixedly connected with a fixing plate 221, and the fixing plate 221 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 113 by bolts; The bottom plate 113 is provided with reinforcing ribs 1131 in the length direction to improve the overall strength, and a 3mm thick Q235 steel plate is selected for CNC cutting to ensure dimensional accuracy; The pin connector 22 is fixed by a dowel pin and a bolt. The dowel pin has a diameter of 6 mm and is in accordance with the GB / T119.1-2000 standard. The bolt can be M6×16, so as to maintain a stable connection and avoid looseness during high-frequency traction operations. The fixing plate 221 is anodized to improve corrosion resistance, and combined with the positioning barrel 21, the tension adjustment mechanism 2 can remain stable when moving up and down and can meet the precise transmission of traction at any position.

[0029] See also Figure 3-5 , anti-skid grooves 231 are provided on the outer surface of the rotating disk 23 at intervals around its central axis; The top of the threaded column 24 is fixedly connected with a first spring 25 fixing head 241, both ends of the spring 25 are provided with hanging rings, and both ends of the spring 25 are respectively connected to the first spring 25 fixing head 241 and the second spring fixing head 26 through pins; The spacing of the anti-skid grooves 231 is set between 2 mm and 3 mm to effectively prevent slipping during the rotation process and ensure that the fine-tuning function of the turntable 23 is more flexible; The fixing head 241 of the first spring 25 is forged with No. 10 carbon structural steel C10E, the hanging ring is chamfered and carburized to prevent the hanging ring from wearing, the pin can be made of quenched 40Cr and coated with high-viscosity grease to reduce friction, thereby ensuring the service life of the rotating parts during long-term traction; This fixing structure can avoid the local stress concentration caused by uneven release of traction force in the background art, and realize accurate control of the working state of the spring 25, which is conducive to maintaining stable traction of the fracture or correction part.

[0030] See also Figure 4-5 A first connection hole 112 is formed through the side surface of the mounting plate 11; The angle plate 27 is L-shaped, and a second connection hole 271 corresponding to the first connection hole 112 is formed through the side surface of the angle plate 27; A guide hole 272 is formed through the top of the angle plate 27; A joint 261 is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring fixing head 26, and the joint 261 is inserted into the guide hole 272; The angle plate 27 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and has a surface hardness of more than HV300 after hard oxidation treatment, which can effectively prevent local deformation during high-tension traction; The dimensional accuracy of the first connection hole 112 and the second connection hole 271 is designed to be within the range of ±0.05mm to ensure that the two are closely matched during installation and meet the strength and stability requirements after multiple disassembly and assembly during use; The surface of the joint 261 is finely ground and passivated to ensure moderate friction when inserted into the guide hole 272, and combined with the elastic deformation of the spring 25 to provide a smoother traction force transmission, thereby corresponding to the requirements for adjustability and stability of the traction device in the background technology.

[0031] See also Figure 4-5 The bottom of the dynamometer 3 is fixedly connected with a guide column 32, and the bottom of the guide column 32 is fixedly connected with a first connector 321261, which is connected to the joint 261 by threaded fitting, and the diameter of the guide column 32 is the same as the inner diameter of the guide hole 272; The dynamometer 3 is provided with a display screen 31; Dynamometer 3 uses a high-precision digital dynamometer model XY-20 with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1N, which can meet the high requirements for real-time force monitoring during orthopedic traction; The guide column 32 is made of stainless steel 304 and is seamlessly polished. After being closely matched with the guide hole 272, it can effectively reduce the deflection and shaking during the traction process. The thread specification of the first connector 321 and the connector 261 can be set to M10×1.5, and tolerance matching is performed in accordance with the GB / T 193-2003 standard, so as to ensure that the interface is firm and prevent loosening under high tension; The display screen 31 adopts a 3-inch liquid crystal display module, which has the characteristics of high clarity and low power consumption. It can display traction data in a timely manner and correspond to the precise monitoring requirements proposed in the background technology, effectively improving the safety and convenience during clinical use.

[0032] See also Figure 4-5 The top of the dynamometer 3 is fixedly connected with a second connector 33, and the second connector 33 is connected with a connector cap 34 by threaded engagement, and a through hole 341 is formed through the top center of the connector cap 34; One end of the traction rope 62 is inserted into the through hole 341 , and after the traction rope 62 passes through the through hole 341 , a knot needs to be tied on the traction rope 62 ; The second connector 33 can be knurled to enhance the feel when tightening and avoid loosening due to hand slippage; The outer diameter of the connection cap 34 is set to Φ28mm and is made of aluminum alloy 6063 and then electrophoretically treated to ensure that it still has wear and corrosion resistance during frequent disassembly and assembly; The aperture of the through hole 341 is set to 6 mm, which is matched with the diameter of the traction rope 62 of 5 mm and can firmly fix the traction rope 62 after knotting. Combined with the change-of-direction component 4, the traction force transmission direction is ensured to be more accurate and consistent with the traction force uniformity required in the background technology.

[0033] See also Figure 7-8 The direction-changing assembly 4 includes a sleeve 41 sleeved on the horizontal column 13, and a locking seat 411 is provided on the top of the sleeve 41. By installing a screw on the locking seat 411, the sleeve 41 can be locked on the horizontal column 13; The outer side of the sleeve 41 is fixedly connected with a positioning plate 42, the lower end surface of the positioning plate 42 is rotatably connected with a wheel frame 43, and the inside of the wheel frame 43 is rotatably connected with a first rope wheel 44; A second positioning hole 421 is formed through the upper end surface of the positioning plate 42, and a positioning column 431 is fixedly connected to the top of the wheel frame 43, and the positioning column 431 is inserted into the second positioning hole 421; The screws of the locking seat 411 are selected from GB / T 70.1-2016 hexagon socket screws M5×12 specifications, which can provide a more stable clamping force to prevent the direction-changing component 4 from shaking during the traction process; The sleeve 41 is made of 7075 aluminum alloy and processed by CNC machine, with an outer diameter of Φ40mm and a wall thickness of 2.5mm, which can meet the requirements of strength and lightness; A needle bearing is arranged between the wheel frame 43 and the positioning plate 42, and the model can be selected as NK12 / 12, so as to ensure smoother rotation of the first rope wheel 44 and reduce frictional heat under high tension state; The first rope wheel 44 is injection molded with PA66 nylon material, and glass fiber is added to the surface to improve the load capacity. Through the cooperation of this material and the positioning column 431, the traction rope 62 can be turned back more smoothly and the traction force can be redirected to the direction of the traction bow 61, solving the problem of traction force deviation caused by multi-stage steering in the background technology.

[0034] See also Figure 8 The outer side of the retaining member 51 is connected to a first locking screw 511, and tightening the first locking screw 511 can fix the retaining member 51 on the cross bar 14; The outer side of the positioning member 51 is fixedly connected to the guide rail 513; the second pin joint 53261 is slidably connected to the guide rail 513, and the outer side of the second pin joint 53261 is provided with a second locking screw 531 for locking the position of the second pin joint 53261; The top of the clamping member 51 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a rope pulley support plate 512, and the rope pulley support plates 512 are rotatably connected with a second rope pulley 52; The first locking screw 511 and the second locking screw 531 can be respectively made of M5×8 stainless steel screws of GB / T 65-2000 specification, which can withstand a maximum torque of 80N·m after being tightened, which is sufficient to ensure that the positioning member 51 and the guide rail 513 are firmly fixed in the traction state; The guide rail 513 can be extruded from high-strength aluminum alloy 2A12, and its cross-sectional shape is optimized through numerical simulation to enable the second pin joint 53261 to maintain linear sliding and precise positioning during adjustment, thereby meeting the requirements of the orthopedic traction device for multi-angle adjustment and flexible positioning; The second rope wheel 52 between the rope wheel support plates 512 can cooperate with the first rope wheel 44 to change the direction of the traction rope 62 again. Through the design of the wheel group in the upper and lower positions, the traction rope 62 can always maintain a vertical state at one end close to the traction bow 61, which is consistent with the requirements of uniform application of traction force and prevention of deflection proposed in the background technology.

[0035] See also Figure 8 , a baffle 541 is provided at the top edge of the pedal member 54; Baffle 541 is made of ABS engineering plastic injection molding and has anti-slip texture on the surface. The overall dimensions are 120mm in length and 60mm in width, which can provide effective support for the heel and avoid secondary contusion caused by sliding of the sole of the foot. The footrest 54 and the baffle 541 are connected by reinforcing ribs, and a 2 mm thick steel plate is selected for bending and then fixed inside the footrest 54 by spot welding, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity and matching the patient comfort and safety emphasized in the background technology, and further better fitting the foot shapes and treatment needs of different patients within the adjustable inclination range.

[0036] Embodiment 2: This embodiment conducts an experimental design to solve the problem that the traction angle and height are difficult to flexibly adjust, and solves it by setting a slidable and tiltable structure between the footrest and the second pin joint. The specific implementation steps are as follows; Firstly, a guide rail and a bolt adjustment mechanism were introduced between the pedal and the second pin joint, and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was selected as the guide rail material (wall thickness 2mm, hardness HV120), and the guide rail was fixed to the pedal with the GB / T5783-2016 standard bolt M58×16 specification; then, the inclination angles of the pedal were set to 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30°, respectively, and the foot comfort and traction stability of patients at different inclination angles were tested using a dynamometer and an inclinometer; in the comparative test setting, the bed height was kept consistent and the same type of orthopedic traction steel nails were used, the traction rope diameter was 5mm medical grade nylon material, and other variables remained unchanged; the experimental data showed that at an inclination angle of 30°, the traction stability was improved by about 15%, and the subjective score of foot comfort was improved by about 25% compared with that at 10°.

[0037] The following table shows some experimental data of this embodiment (average value is taken for each item):

[0038] It can be seen from the above data that the sliding and tilting structure has a significant effect in achieving free adjustment at multiple angles and heights, meeting the clinical needs of orthopedics for personalized reduction and fixation.

[0039] Embodiment 3: In order to solve the problem that the direction of traction force application is difficult to maintain vertical and uniform, this embodiment uses a multi-stage rope pulley structure (i.e., the first rope pulley and the second rope pulley) respectively arranged at the cross column and the footrest to conduct tests and comparisons. The specific implementation steps are as follows; Firstly, a sleeve (outer diameter φ40mm, wall thickness 2.5mm) was set at the horizontal column and the first rope pulley was installed. The rope pulley was injection molded by PA66 nylon plus glass fiber material. Subsequently, a second rope pulley of the same material was installed on the top of the positioning piece at the end of the pedal. The traction rope was made of nylon rope from the same batch (diameter 5mm, tensile strength > 200N). Different traction angles (10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°) and fixed tension value (80N) were used as test conditions to compare the degree of deflection of the front and rear traction forces of the multi-stage rope pulleys. The control group only used a single-stage rope pulley. Other conditions remained consistent.

[0040] The following table shows some experimental data of this embodiment (average value is taken for each item):

[0041] It can be seen from the experimental results that the multi-stage pulley can keep the traction rope relatively vertical and reduce deflection at the end close to the traction bow, and the traction force is distributed more evenly. Compared with the problem of uneven local force existing in the background technology, there is a significant improvement, which meets the clinical requirements for more precise force application.

[0042] Embodiment 4: This embodiment aims to solve the problem of difficulty in real-time monitoring and precise control of traction force by combining a tension adjustment mechanism with a dynamometer for experimental testing. The specific implementation steps are as follows: First, a threaded column and a turntable are set in the positioning barrel. The top of the threaded column is connected to a spring and matched with a dynamometer. The dynamometer uses an XY-20 high-precision digital dynamometer (range 0~200N, error ±0.1N), and the spring is made of alloy steel (wire diameter 2.5mm, initial elastic force 40N). The relationship between the spring deformation and the traction force can be expressed as: Wherein, T represents the traction force generated by the spring, k is the spring constant (taken as 16N / mm in this embodiment), is the spring extension.

[0043] During the experiment, the traction force corresponding to different stretching amounts (2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm) was compared with the value displayed on the dynamometer. In the comparative test, the inclination angle of the pedal was kept fixed at 20° and the nylon traction rope of the same specification was used. The test environment temperature was 25℃±1℃ and the relative humidity was 50%±5%. The following table shows some experimental data of this embodiment (average value is taken for each item):

[0044] It can be seen from the above experimental results that the theoretical values ​​of the dynamometer and the spring tension are within 1%, indicating that the present embodiment can ensure accurate monitoring and real-time control of the traction force, making up for the defects of the background technology that cannot accurately read or measure lag.

[0045] Embodiment 5: This embodiment aims to solve the problem of insufficient balance between traction operation and patient comfort by conducting comparative tests through material selection and ergonomic design of footrest. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Firstly, Q235 steel is used as the support frame (3mm thick, 40mm wide) and epoxy resin anti-corrosion spray treatment is applied on its surface; ABS engineering plastic is used as the outer shell of the pedal part and matched with 2mm thick steel plate reinforcement ribs inside, so that the pedal part has the comprehensive performance of rigidity and buffering when traction; the baffle size is 120mm×60mm, and anti-slip texture treatment is added on the surface; The comparative test selected 10 patients with different foot sizes (size 37, size 39, size 41, size 43, size 45), 2 patients each, and tested their subjective pain scores and displacement control under the same traction force (60N); other control variables remained consistent.

[0046] The following table shows some experimental data of this embodiment (average value is taken for each item):

[0047] According to the data, the use of a multi-layered material combination and ergonomic design can provide flexible support and reduce pain scores during traction, while maintaining high traction efficiency, balancing the rigid support of the device and patient comfort, and providing a better solution for clinical use.

[0048] The working principle of the present invention is: When in use, the foot to be towed is placed on the footrest 54, and the heel is against the baffle 541; Then adjust the inclination angle of the footrest 54 and the height of the second pin joint 53 to place the patient's foot more comfortably; Then install the traction bow 61 on the steel nails at the foot; Pass one end of the traction rope 62 through the through hole 341 and tie a knot at one end of the traction rope 62. Then tighten the connection cap 34 on the second connection head 33. Then pass the traction rope 62 from above the first rope wheel 44 and below the second rope wheel 52 in sequence, and connect the other end of the traction rope 62 to the tie joint 611. Under the action of the first rope wheel 44 and the second rope wheel 52, the end of the traction rope 62 close to the traction bow 61 can be perpendicular to the traction bow 61, so that the traction force of the traction bow 61 on the steel nail can be more uniform; When traction operation is required, the turntable 23 is rotated clockwise. As the turntable 23 rotates, the threaded column 24 moves downward and causes the threaded column 24 to undergo tensile deformation. At this time, the dynamometer 3 connected to the second spring fixing head 26 can observe the magnitude of the pulling force in real time, thereby being able to accurately adjust the value of the traction force.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. An orthopedic traction device, characterized in that: The support frame (1) comprises a support frame (1) installed at the end of the bed, the support frame (1) comprises a mounting plate (11), both ends of the mounting plate (11) are connected to side frames (12), and a cross column (13) and a cross bar (14) are arranged between the side frames (12) arranged opposite to each other; A tension adjustment mechanism (2) is installed on the mounting plate (11), and the tension adjustment mechanism (2) is used to adjust the value of the traction force; The traction end of the pulling force adjustment mechanism (2) is connected to a dynamometer (3), and the dynamometer (3) is used to display the specific value of the traction force; A direction-changing component (4) is connected to the crossbar (13); A foot support member (5) is mounted on the crossbar (14); The foot support member (5) comprises a clamping member (51) clamped on the crossbar (14), one side of the clamping member (51) is slidably connected to a second pin joint (53), and the outer side of the second pin joint (53) is connected to a footrest member (54) for placing a foot; A traction assembly (6) is provided on the footrest (54), and the traction assembly (6) comprises a traction bow (61) connected to a steel nail, one end of the traction bow (61) is fixedly connected to a tether joint (611), one end of the tether joint (611) is connected to a traction rope (62), the traction rope (62) passes through the direction-changing assembly (4), and the other end of the traction rope (62) is connected to the top end of the dynamometer (3).

2. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a positioning barrel (21), a first positioning hole (211) is formed through the center of the top of the positioning barrel (21), a rotating disk (23) is rotatably connected in the first positioning hole (211), a threaded column (24) is formed through the center of the rotating disk (23), the threaded column (24) and the rotating disk (23) are connected by threaded engagement, a spring (25) is connected to the top of the threaded column (24), a second spring fixing head (26) is connected to the top of the spring (25), and an angle plate (27) connected to the mounting plate (11) is provided at the top of the second spring fixing head (26).

3. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bottom plate (113) is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the bottom end of the mounting plate (11); The bottom of the positioning barrel (21) is fixedly connected to a first pin joint (212), the first pin joint (212) is connected to a pin connection seat (22), the bottom of the pin connection seat (22) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (221), and the fixing plate (221) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (113) by bolts.

4. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rotating disk (23) is provided with anti-skid grooves (231) at equal intervals around its central axis; The top of the threaded column (24) is fixedly connected to a first spring fixing head (241), both ends of the spring (25) are provided with hanging rings, and both ends of the spring (25) are respectively connected to the first spring fixing head (241) and the second spring fixing head (26) through pins.

5. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first connection hole (112) is formed through the side surface of the mounting plate (11); The shape of the angle plate (27) is set to be L-shaped, and a second connection hole (271) corresponding to the first connection hole (112) is formed through the side surface of the angle plate (27); A guide hole (272) is formed through the top of the angle plate (27); A joint (261) is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring fixing head (26), and the joint (261) is inserted into the guide hole (272).

6. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the dynamometer (3) is fixedly connected to a guide column (32), the bottom of the guide column (32) is fixedly connected to a first connector (321), the first connector (321) is connected to the joint (261) by means of threaded engagement, and the diameter of the guide column (32) is the same as the inner diameter of the guide hole (272); A display screen (31) is provided on the dynamometer (3).

7. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting head (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the dynamometer (3), a connecting cap (34) is connected to the second connecting head (33) by means of threaded engagement, and a through hole (341) is provided through the center of the top of the connecting cap (34); One end of the traction rope (62) is inserted into the through hole (341), and after the traction rope (62) passes through the through hole (341), a knot needs to be tied on the traction rope (62).

8. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction-changing assembly (4) comprises a sleeve (41) sleeved on the cross column (13), a locking seat (411) being provided on the top of the sleeve (41), and the sleeve (41) can be locked on the cross column (13) by installing a screw on the locking seat (411); The outer side surface of the sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to a positioning plate (42), the lower end surface of the positioning plate (42) is rotatably connected to a wheel frame (43), and the interior of the wheel frame (43) is rotatably connected to a first rope pulley (44); A second positioning hole (421) is formed through the upper end surface of the positioning plate (42), a positioning column (431) is fixedly connected to the top of the wheel frame (43), and the positioning column (431) is inserted into the second positioning hole (421).

9. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the retaining member (51) is connected to a first locking screw (511), and tightening the first locking screw (511) can fix the retaining member (51) on the crossbar (14); The outer side surface of the positioning member (51) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (513); the second pin joint (53) is slidably connected to the guide rail (513), and a second locking screw (531) for locking the position of the second pin joint (53) is provided on the outer side of the second pin joint (53); The top of the clamping member (51) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a rope pulley support plate (512), and the second rope pulley (52) is rotatably connected between the rope pulley support plates (512).

10. An orthopedic traction device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A baffle (541) is provided at the top edge of the footrest (54).

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