Double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, preparation method and tritium extraction system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tritium extraction and discloses a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, a preparation method and a tritium extraction system.The double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle comprises a nozzle body and a vibration assembly, the nozzle body is provided with a nozzle opening and a first space for containing liquid metal, and the nozzle opening is communicated with the first space; and the vibration assembly is arranged in the first space, the vibration assembly is provided with at least two vibration ends extending from the first space to the nozzle, each vibration end generates ultrasonic waves through vibration, and every two adjacent vibration ends are arranged in a spaced mode and resonate with each other so that the liquid metal can be atomized. The double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle solves the technical problem of further strengthening the atomizing effect of lead and lithium liquid drops. According to the double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, the atomizing effect of liquid metal can be enhanced, atomized metal liquid drops are more uniform, the dispersion effect of the liquid metal is improved, and the size of the metal liquid drops can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tritium extraction, and in particular to a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle and a preparation method thereof, and a tritium extraction system. Background Art

[0002] Tritium is one of the isotopes of hydrogen. It is a good tracer atom in experimental research. It is used in industry to prepare long-term spontaneous light sources such as tritium lamps. In agriculture, it can be used to study plant biosynthesis and plant water absorption principles. Precisely because the application of tritium in various fields is very important, the application scope of tritium will continue to expand, and the demand for tritium will continue to increase. At present, the main tritium production technologies include heavy water reactor or light water reactor tritium extraction technology, accelerator tritium extraction technology and fusion reactor tritium production. Among them, fusion reactor, as the most promising nuclear power technology in the future energy field, has been widely studied. Fusion reactor blanket, as a key component of fusion nuclear reactor, is an important carrier for realizing fusion reactor application. The liquid lead-lithium blanket is currently considered to be one of the blanket design schemes with the most development potential for future fusion power stations. In order to achieve tritium self-sustaining and fuel cycle, it is of great significance to solve the extraction, separation and recovery of tritium in liquid lead-lithium.

[0003] At present, the methods for online extraction of tritium from liquid lead-lithium alloy mainly include the bubbler method and the vacuum screening method. The bubbler method is the most promising online tritium extraction method. This method refers to the use of a certain pressure of carrier gas (generally He gas or He / H2 mixed gas) to form a bubble flow in the bubbler to exchange gas and liquid with tritium-containing liquid lead-lithium from top to bottom, and extract tritium from liquid lead-lithium. Due to the presence of carrier gas, gas separation is required in the later stage, which increases the complexity of the system and the cost of tritium extraction. The vacuum screening method uses the low solubility of tritium in liquid lead-lithium. Under a vacuum environment, tritium spontaneously diffuses from liquid lead-lithium to the vacuum chamber to achieve the purpose of tritium extraction. Due to the absence of carrier gas, this method avoids the helium-tritium separation process. In order to increase the gas-liquid contact area and improve the extraction efficiency, atomizing nozzles are often used to atomize lead-lithium droplet particles. However, the lead-lithium atomized particles are still large, resulting in a low diffusion rate of tritium. At the same time, in order to generate stronger pressure at the nozzle and produce smaller atomized particles, the nozzle size of the atomizing nozzle is usually designed to be relatively small. However, a small nozzle can easily reduce the flow rate of liquid lead and lithium, and even cause problems such as blockage of the atomizing channel, which greatly weakens the atomization effect and leads to a significant decrease in tritium extraction efficiency.

[0004] In the prior art, how to further enhance the atomization effect of lead-lithium droplets is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least a certain extent. To this end, the embodiments of the present invention provide a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle and a preparation method, and a tritium extraction system. The double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle can enhance the atomization effect of liquid metal, make the atomized metal droplets more uniform, improve the dispersion effect of liquid metal, and reduce the size of metal droplets.

[0006] The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0007] a nozzle body, the nozzle body having a nozzle and a first space for accommodating liquid metal, the nozzle being communicated with the inner cavity;

[0008] A vibration component is arranged in the first space, and the vibration component has at least two vibration ends extending from the first space to the nozzle, each of the vibration ends generates ultrasonic waves by vibration, and two adjacent vibration ends are arranged at intervals and resonate with each other, and the two adjacent vibration ends generate ultrasonic waves by mutual resonance to atomize the liquid metal.

[0009] Optionally, two adjacent vibration ends generate ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same amplitude and opposite transmission directions, and can produce a resonance effect.

[0010] Optionally, in the cross section of the first space, the distance between two adjacent vibration ends is

[0011] The relationship between L and the wavelength λ of the ultrasonic wave is: L = aλ;

[0012] 50≤a≤600, where a is an integer; 1.7mm≤L≤20.4mm;

[0013] Wherein, the cross section of the first space is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal.

[0014] Optionally, the nozzle has a diameter of 5 mm to 24 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the cross section of the first space gradually decreases in the flow direction of the liquid metal;

[0016] Wherein, the cross section of the first space is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal.

[0017] Optionally, the first space is conical in shape, and an angle between an inner wall surface of the first space and a cross section of the first space is 110° to 150°.

[0018] Optionally, the vibration component comprises:

[0019] at least two vibration plates, the vibration plates extending to the nozzle in the flow direction of the liquid metal, the vibration plates having the vibration ends, wherein the vibration plates correspond to the vibration ends one by one;

[0020] A vibration generator is connected to the nozzle body through a fixed bracket, the vibration generator is located in the first space, and the vibration generator provides kinetic energy to the vibration sheet to make the vibration sheet vibrate.

[0021] Optionally, the material of the nozzle body is a Co-xCr / yAg composite material;

[0022] in,

[0023] x represents the weight percentage of Cr, and the value of x ranges from 5 to 20;

[0024] y represents the weight percentage of Ag, and the value range of y is 2 to 10.

[0025] The preparation method of the double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle of the second embodiment of the present invention is used for the above-mentioned double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, and the preparation method comprises:

[0026] S1. Melting metal Co and metal Cr in a preset ratio at a preset temperature, wherein the metal Cr is x parts, to obtain a Co-xCr alloy;

[0027] S2, adding y parts of metal Ag to the Co-xCr alloy and smelting at high temperature to obtain a molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material;

[0028] S3, pouring the molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material obtained in step S2 into a nozzle body mold, and removing the nozzle body mold after cooling to obtain a nozzle body of the Co-xCr / yAg composite material;

[0029] S4, installing the vibration assembly on the nozzle body obtained in step S3 to obtain a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle.

[0030] Specifically, in step S1, the preset temperature range is 2000°C to 2500°C.

[0031] The tritium stripping system of the third embodiment of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, wherein a plurality of the atomizing nozzles are provided and the plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged in an array on the cross section of the vacuum chamber in the tritium stripping system of the liquid metal loop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram from top view.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a tritium extraction system of a liquid metal loop according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1000 - tritium extraction system of liquid metal loop, 100 - double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, 110 - nozzle body, 111 - first space, 112 - nozzle, 113 - angle, 120 - vibration component, 121 - vibration end, 122 - vibration plate, 123 - vibration generator, 130 - fixed bracket, 300 - vacuum tower, 400 - loop pipe, 500 - cache tank, 600 - tritium gas recovery device, 700 - tritium measuring sensor, 800 - valve, 900 - flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a nozzle body 110 and a vibration component 120 .

[0039] The nozzle body 110 has a nozzle 112 and a first space 111 for accommodating liquid metal, and the nozzle 112 is communicated with the first space 111. The vibration component 120 is disposed in the first space 111, and the vibration component 120 has at least two vibration ends 121 extending from the first space 111 to the nozzle 112, each vibration end 121 generates ultrasonic waves by vibration, and two adjacent vibration ends 121 are arranged at intervals and resonate with each other to atomize the liquid metal.

[0040] According to the double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, liquid metal flows into the first space 111 of the nozzle body 110, and then the liquid metal is ejected through the nozzle 112 to atomize the liquid metal. Among them, the two adjacent vibration ends 121 strengthen the ultrasonic wave by mutual resonance, that is, the mutual resonance of the two adjacent vibration ends 121 can diffuse and amplify the ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic wave acts on the liquid metal to further strengthen the atomization effect of the liquid metal, so that the atomized metal droplets are more uniform, the dispersion effect of the liquid metal is improved, and the size of the metal droplets can be reduced. At the same time, the ultrasonic wave acts on the liquid metal to prevent the liquid metal from clogging the nozzle 121.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in order to make the technical solution of the present application easier to understand, the technical solution of the present application is described in more detail below with reference to a specific embodiment of a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nozzle body 110 has a nozzle 112 and a first space 111 for accommodating liquid metal, and the nozzle 112 is connected to the first space 111. Specifically, the liquid metal flows into the first space 111 of the nozzle body 110, and then the liquid metal is sprayed out through the nozzle 112 to atomize the liquid metal. The atomized liquid metal particles not only improve the dispersion effect of the liquid metal, but also reduce the falling speed of the atomized liquid metal particles in the vacuum tower 300, increase the residence time of the liquid metal particles in the vacuum tower 300, and thus improve the efficiency of separating tritium gas from the liquid metal.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cross section of the first space 111 gradually decreases in the flow direction of the liquid metal, wherein the cross section of the first space 111 is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal. Specifically, the cross section of the first space 111 gradually decreases, and the liquid metal flows in the first space 111 and is ejected from the nozzle 112. In this process, the liquid metal will accelerate the flow rate in the gradually decreasing first space 111, and at the same time, the liquid metal will further accelerate the flow rate of the liquid metal by its own gravity and pressure. At the nozzle 112, the high-speed liquid metal will generate shear force and impact force, and the liquid metal itself will be dispersed into liquid metal particles, that is, atomized particles.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the shape of the first space 111 is conical, and the angle 113 between the inner wall surface of the first space 111 and the cross-section of the first space 111 is 110° to 150°. Specifically, the flow rate of the liquid metal can be increased by the gradually narrowing conical first space 111, and the liquid metal flowing at high speed will eventually generate shear force and impact force to disperse the liquid metal into small particles. Among them, the cone can be understood as a cone, a pyramid, etc. In addition, the closer the vibration plate 122 is to the vibration generator 123, the smaller the amplitude of the vibration plate 122. The conical inner wall surface can reflect a part of the ultrasonic wave generated by the vibration plate 122, that is, a part of the ultrasonic wave will be reflected to the area where the vibration plate 122 is close to the vibration generator 123, which can make up for the area where the amplitude of the vibration plate 122 is small to speed up the flow rate of the liquid metal. Furthermore, the angle 113 between the inner wall surface of the first space 111 and the cross section of the first space 111 is 110° to 150°, and the inner wall surface of the first space 111 can better reflect the ultrasonic wave to the area of ​​the vibration sheet 122 near the vibration generator 123 to accelerate the flow speed of the liquid metal. In other words, the design of the two vibration sheets 122 is more conducive to compensating for the problem of insufficient atomization effect in the area above the atomization channel.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, in the flow direction of the liquid metal, the side surface of the first space 111 is convex inward or the side surface of the first space 111 is concave outward.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the material of the nozzle body 110 is a Co-xCr / yAg composite material, wherein x represents the weight percentage of Cr, and the value range of x is 5 to 20, and y represents the weight percentage of Ag, and the value range of y is 2 to 10. Specifically, the nozzle body 110 in this embodiment is arranged in a vacuum tower 300, and the vacuum tower 300 is in a high temperature environment. The material of the nozzle body 110 selects a Co-based alloy as the base material of the nozzle, so that the nozzle body 110 is not damaged in a high temperature environment. Adding Cr and Ag elements to the material of the nozzle body 110 can adjust the friction performance of the nozzle body 110. In addition, the element properties of the Co-xCr / yAg composite material itself are stable, which can prevent liquid lead and lithium from corroding the nozzle body 110, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the nozzle body 110. The Co-xCr / yAg composite material can solve the technical problem that the nozzle using conventional materials (such as stainless steel, ODS steel, etc.) in the prior art is easily corroded by liquid lead and lithium.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the process of preparing the composite material, part of the Cr element will come into contact with oxygen, and then oxidize to form part of Cr2O3. Cr2O3 belongs to the lubricating phase, which can reduce the friction coefficient between the nozzle body 110 and the liquid metal to a certain extent. Ag element is used as a solid lubricant. Adding it to the metal matrix to form a composite material can not only retain the properties of the metal matrix itself, but also give the solid lubricant excellent performance. In other words, Ag particles with micro-nano orders of magnitude are scattered in the metal matrix. At high temperatures, Ag atoms can diffuse from the metal matrix to the surface of the metal matrix, and gradually gather to form a protective film of a self-lubricating surface. The protective film can minimize the surface energy of the sliding contact surface, thereby reducing the friction coefficient between the nozzle body 110 and the liquid metal. In summary, the nozzle body 110 of the Co-xCr / yAg composite material has properties such as low friction coefficient, high temperature stability and chemical stability, and can increase the flow rate of the liquid metal.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the method for preparing a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle includes:

[0049] S1. At a preset temperature, melt metal Co and metal Cr in a preset ratio, wherein the metal Cr is x parts, to obtain a Co-xCr alloy. The raw materials of metal cobalt and metal chromium are in powder or granular state when used to prepare the composite material.

[0050] It should be noted that, in step S1, the preset temperature range is 2000°C to 2500°C.

[0051] S2. Add y parts of metal Ag to the Co-xCr alloy and perform high-temperature smelting to obtain a molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material. Wherein, the raw material of metal silver is in powder or granular state when used to prepare the composite material. Specifically, Co-Cr alloy is used as the matrix and Ag is used as a solid lubricant to prepare a Co-xCr / yAg composite material. Wherein, metal Ag needs to be added after the Co-xCr composite material is obtained. Due to its chemical properties, metal Ag will move to the surface of the Co-xCr composite material at high temperature and form a surface structure of Ag. After cooling, the surface structure can form a silver film on the surface of the Co-xCr composite material to achieve a lubricating effect.

[0052] It should be noted that metal Ag and Co-xCr composite materials have good compatibility.

[0053] S3. Pour the molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material obtained in step S2 into a nozzle body mold, remove the nozzle body mold after cooling, and obtain the nozzle body of the Co-xCr / yAg composite material.

[0054] It should be noted that the Co-xCr / yAg composite material can also be prepared by smelting method, mechanical alloying method, high temperature sintering technology and powder metallurgy technology.

[0055] S4. Install the vibration assembly 120 on the nozzle body obtained in step S3 to obtain a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vibration component 120 is arranged in the first space 111, and the vibration component 120 has at least two vibration ends 121 extending from the first space 111 to the nozzle 112, each vibration end 121 generates ultrasonic waves by vibration, and the two adjacent vibration ends 121 are arranged at intervals and resonate with each other to atomize the liquid metal. Specifically, the vibration end 121 generates ultrasonic waves by vibration, and the ultrasonic waves can make the atomized liquid metal particles more uniform, and at the same time can also reduce the size of the liquid metal particles, further strengthening the atomization effect of the double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 110. Further, the two adjacent vibration ends 121 can strengthen the ultrasonic waves by mutual resonance to diffuse and amplify the ultrasonic waves, and the diffused and amplified ultrasonic waves are more conducive to the atomized liquid metal particles, and strengthen the atomization effect of the liquid metal particles. Among them, by adjusting the output frequency of the vibration generator 123, the two adjacent vibration ends 121 work near the natural frequency, and then the two adjacent vibration ends 121 are in a resonant state. At the same time, the ultrasonic wave acts on the liquid metal to prevent the liquid metal from clogging the nozzle 112.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, two adjacent vibration 121 ends generate ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same amplitude and opposite transmission directions, and can produce a resonance effect. Specifically, two ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same amplitude and opposite transmission directions can form a periodic simple harmonic vibration after being superimposed on each other, and then form a standing wave. Among them, the standing wave formed after superposition can achieve the effect of energy amplification, that is, enhance the energy of the ultrasonic wave. In other words, ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same amplitude and opposite transmission directions can be superimposed on each other, which can enhance the atomization effect of ultrasonic atomization of liquid metal particles.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, on the cross section of the first space 111, the relationship between the distance L between two adjacent vibration ends 121 and the wavelength λ of the ultrasonic wave is: L=aλ; 50≤a≤600, where a is an integer; 1.7mm≤L≤20.4mm, where the cross section of the first space 111 is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal. Specifically, the diameter of the nozzle 112 is set according to the distance between the two adjacent vibration ends 121, that is, the distance between the two adjacent vibration ends 121 can be adjusted, and the diameter of the nozzle 112 can be increased, so that the liquid metal can be prevented from gathering or clogging in the first space 111.

[0059] It should be noted that the frequency range of ultrasonic waves in liquid metal is 1 MHz to 10 MHz. According to the principle of sound velocity, in liquid metal, the wavelength range of ultrasonic waves is 0.034 mm to 0.34 mm, so the distance between two adjacent vibration plates 122 is set to 1.7 mm to 20.4 mm. Further explanation is as follows: the relationship between the preset distance LL between two adjacent vibration plates 122 and the wavelength λ of the ultrasonic wave is: L = aλ; 50 ≤ a ≤ 600, where a is an integer; 1.7 mm ≤ L ≤ 20.4 mm.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the nozzle 112 is 5 mm to 24 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the nozzle 112 is set according to the distance between two adjacent vibration ends 121, and the diameter of the nozzle 112 can be enlarged to 5 mm to 24 mm, so that the atomized particles can quickly and smoothly pass through the nozzle into the bottom of the vacuum chamber.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the flow direction of the liquid metal, the vibration end 121 is flush with the nozzle 112. Specifically, the vibration end 121 is flush with the nozzle 112, which can more effectively prevent the liquid metal from blocking the nozzle 112.

[0062] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vibration assembly 120 includes at least two vibration sheets 122 and a vibration generator 123. The vibration sheet 122 extends to the nozzle 112 in the flow direction of the liquid metal. The vibration sheet 122 has a vibration end 121, wherein the vibration sheet 122 corresponds to the vibration end 121 one by one. Specifically, the vibration sheet 122 can vibrate in the first space, which can accelerate the flow of the liquid metal. The vibration generator 123 is connected to the nozzle body 110 through a fixed bracket 130. The vibration generator 123 is located in the first space 111. The vibration generator 123 provides kinetic energy to the vibration sheet 122 so that the vibration end 121 of the vibration sheet 122 vibrates.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the tritium extraction system 1000 of the liquid metal loop includes the double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100 mentioned above.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, taking liquid lead-lithium metal containing tritium as an example, in the tritium extraction system 1000 of the liquid metal loop, the liquid lead-lithium metal flows into the vacuum tower 300 through the loop pipe 400, and the liquid lead-lithium metal is then atomized by the double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 100. Among them, the vacuum tower 300 is connected with a tritium gas recovery device 600, which is mainly used to recover tritium gas. At the inlet and outlet near the vacuum tower 300, a tritium sensor 700 is installed on the loop pipe 400, which is mainly used to measure the tritium gas content in the liquid lead-lithium metal. At the inlet and outlet near the vacuum tower 300, a valve 800 is installed on the loop pipe 400. At the inlet near the vacuum tower 300, a flow meter 900 is installed on the loop pipe 400, which is mainly used to measure the flow of liquid lead-lithium metal.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 100 are provided, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles 100 are evenly arranged on the cross section of the vacuum chamber of the online tritium extraction device.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0067] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0070] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0071] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, characterized in that: include: a nozzle body, the nozzle body having a nozzle and a first space for accommodating liquid metal, the nozzle being in communication with the first space; A vibration component is arranged in the first space, and the vibration component has at least two vibration ends extending from the first space to the nozzle, each of the vibration ends generates ultrasonic waves by vibration, and two adjacent vibration ends are arranged at intervals and resonate with each other to atomize the liquid metal.

2. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent vibration ends generate ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same amplitude and opposite transmission directions, and can produce a resonance effect.

3. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cross section of the first space, the relationship between the distance L between two adjacent vibration ends and the wavelength λ of the ultrasonic wave is: L=aλ; 50≤a≤600, where a is an integer; 1.7mm≤L≤20.4mm; Wherein, the cross section of the first space is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal.

4. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the nozzle is 5 mm to 24 mm.

5. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the first space gradually decreases in the flow direction of the liquid metal; Wherein, the cross section of the first space is orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid metal.

6. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first space is conical in shape, and an angle between an inner wall surface of the first space and a cross section of the first space is 110° to 150°.

7. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The vibration assembly comprises: at least two vibration plates, the vibration plates extending to the nozzle in the flow direction of the liquid metal, the vibration plates having the vibration ends, wherein the vibration plates correspond to the vibration ends one by one; A vibration generator is connected to the nozzle body through a fixed bracket, the vibration generator is located in the first space, and the vibration generator provides kinetic energy to the vibration sheet to make the vibration sheet vibrate.

8. The double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The material of the nozzle body is Co-xCr / yAg composite material; in, x represents the weight percentage of Cr, and the value of x ranges from 5 to 20; y represents the weight percentage of Ag, and the value range of y is 2 to 10.

9. A method for preparing a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, characterized in that: The method for preparing the double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is used to prepare the double resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to claim 8, and the preparation method comprises: S1. Melting metal Co and metal Cr in a preset ratio at a preset temperature, wherein the metal Cr is x parts, to obtain a Co-xCr alloy; S2, adding y parts of metal Ag to the Co-xCr alloy and smelting at high temperature to obtain a molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material; S3, pouring the molten Co-xCr / yAg composite material obtained in step S2 into a nozzle body mold, and removing the nozzle body mold after cooling to obtain a nozzle body of the Co-xCr / yAg composite material; S4, installing the vibration assembly on the nozzle body obtained in step S3 to obtain a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle.

10. A tritium extraction system, characterized in that: It comprises a double-resonance ultrasonic atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of the atomizing nozzles are provided and the plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged in an array on the cross section of the vacuum chamber in the tritium extraction system of the liquid metal loop.

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