Method for predicting cutting speed of laser turning rotary body part

Abstract

The invention provides a method for predicting the cutting speed of a laser turning rotary part, which comprises the following steps of: establishing a kinematic model according to a geometrical relationship between a laser beam and the rotary part in a movement process; establishing a contact surface morphology model according to the contact surface morphology relationship between the laser beam and the rotary body part; establishing a correlation model according to common parameters of the kinematic model and the contact surface morphology model; establishing a contact surface light intensity distribution model according to the correlation model and a light intensity formula; establishing a trace removal size expression according to the contact surface light intensity distribution model; and according to the machining parameters, the minimum illumination intensity needed by the generation and removal of the rotary body part material is determined, and the laser cutting speed range is predicted in combination with the removal trace size expression. A laser turning kinematics model, a contact surface morphology model and a light intensity distribution model are established, a material removal threshold value is determined, monopulse removal morphology is predicted, and a cutting speed range is determined. And the processing efficiency and the product quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting processing, and in particular to a method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part during laser turning. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced material removal technology, laser turning has shown great potential in the field of high-precision and high-efficiency processing of difficult-to-process materials. It uses a high-energy laser beam to locally heat the workpiece, melt or vaporize the material, and blow it away with an auxiliary gas to achieve precise material removal. Compared with traditional turning methods, laser turning has the advantages of non-contact processing, small heat-affected zone, and high processing accuracy. It is especially suitable for processing brittle and hard materials such as cemented carbide and ceramics.

[0003] However, the processing efficiency and quality of laser turning are affected by many factors, among which cutting speed is one of the key parameters. Too low cutting speed will lead to low processing efficiency, while too high cutting speed may lead to incomplete material removal and poor surface quality.

[0004] At present, the determination of laser turning cutting speed mainly relies on experience and trial and error, lacking effective theoretical guidance, which leads to a time-consuming and costly process for optimizing process parameters. Especially when processing complex-shaped rotating parts, the determination of cutting speed is more difficult due to the continuous change of the contact surface between the laser beam and the workpiece.

[0005] Therefore, a method that can accurately predict the cutting speed of laser turning is needed to improve the processing efficiency and quality and reduce the processing cost. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the cutting speed of laser turned rotating parts. The method for predicting the cutting speed of laser turned rotating parts establishes a kinematic model of laser turning, a contact surface morphology model and a light intensity distribution model, and determines the material removal threshold to predict the single pulse removal morphology, and then determine the appropriate cutting speed range.

[0007] A method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning comprises the following steps:

[0008] According to the geometric relationship between the laser beam and the rotating parts during the motion process, a kinematic model is established;

[0009] According to the contact surface morphology relationship between the laser beam and the rotating part, a contact surface morphology model is established;

[0010] Establish a correlation model based on the common parameters of the kinematic model and the contact surface topography model;

[0011] According to the correlation model and light intensity formula, a contact surface light intensity distribution model is established;

[0012] According to the light intensity distribution model of the contact surface, the expression of the size of the removed trace is established;

[0013] According to the processing parameters, the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material is determined, and the laser cutting speed range is predicted by combining the expression of the removal mark size.

[0014] Furthermore, the geometric relationship between the laser beam and the rotating part during the motion process includes:

[0015] Target processing radius;

[0016] The radius of the rotating part;

[0017] The number of layers required to achieve the target radius;

[0018] The difference in radius removed per layer;

[0019] Feedback angle reflecting the laser feed motion position.

[0020] Furthermore, the contact surface morphology between the laser beam and the rotating part includes:

[0021] Laser incident distance;

[0022] Waist radius;

[0023] Laser incident angle.

[0024] Furthermore, the common parameters include beam waist radius, laser incident angle and feedback angle.

[0025] Furthermore, the kinematic model is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, r i is the target machining radius during machining, in mm;

[0028] R is the radius of the rotating part, in mm;

[0029] i is the number of layers required to achieve the target radius;

[0030] a p is the radius difference of each layer removed, in mm;

[0031] δ i is the feedback angle, in rad.

[0032] Furthermore, the contact surface morphology model is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, z′ p The distance from the laser beam to the beam waist, in mm;

[0035] w0 is the beam waist radius, in mm;

[0036] ε is the laser incident angle;

[0037] η is the coefficient of taking discrete points within the elliptical surface, η≤1.

[0038] Furthermore, the association model is as follows:

[0039] w0·tanε=z′ p

[0040]

[0041] Wherein, x0 is the laser incident distance, in mm;

[0042] z0 is the Rayleigh length of the Gaussian beam, in mm.

[0043] Furthermore, the determination of the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material includes:

[0044] Prepare the test specimens made of the same material as the parts to be machined;

[0045] Irradiate the sample with a laser beam of different light intensities;

[0046] Observe and measure the removal marks produced on the surface of the specimen;

[0047] Determine the minimum light intensity that produces removal marks.

[0048] Furthermore, the expression for removing the trace size is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Wherein, b′ is the size of the removal mark along the circumference of the workpiece, in mm;

[0051] b″ is the projection of the removal mark along the circumference of the workpiece in the plane where the beam waist is located, in mm;

[0052] P0 is the power of electromagnetic wave propagation, in W;

[0053] I i The minimum light intensity required to produce material removal, measured in Lx.

[0054] Furthermore, the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material is determined according to the processing parameters, and the laser cutting speed range is predicted to include:

[0055] Substitute the processing parameters into the kinematic model to obtain the value of the feedback angle. The processing parameters include laser power, laser repetition frequency, target processing radius, radius of the rotating part, number of layers, and radius difference of each layer removed.

[0056] Substitute the processing parameters and feedback angle into the correlation model to obtain the laser incident distance;

[0057] The minimum light intensity is obtained by combining the light intensity distribution model with experimental analysis;

[0058] Substituting the processing parameters, laser incident distance and minimum light intensity into the expression of removed trace size, the relationship between laser energy and removed trace size is obtained;

[0059] The size of the mark removed corresponding to the laser energy is determined based on the relationship, and the laser cutting speed range is calculated in combination with the processing parameters.

[0060] Furthermore, v∈(v1~v2), v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f,v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f

[0061] Wherein, v is the cutting speed in m / min; f is the repetition frequency in Hz.

[0062] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0063] The present invention provides a method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning includes establishing a kinematic model based on the motion geometry relationship between the laser beam and the workpiece, and constructing a contact surface morphology model in combination with the energy distribution characteristics of the laser beam, and then linking the two through an association model, and further deriving a light intensity distribution model of the contact surface. On this basis, the minimum light intensity required for material removal is determined, and combined with the expression for the size of the removed traces, the prediction of the laser cutting speed range is finally achieved. It can not only improve processing efficiency and product quality, reduce production costs and material waste, but also achieve precision processing and shorten the process debugging cycle, while enhancing the controllability and repeatability of the process, providing support for the intelligence and automation of laser turning processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the laser turning motion provided in this application;

[0065] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of the laser turning incident mode provided in this application;

[0066] Figure 3 is a geometric relationship diagram between the laser beam and the workpiece provided in this application;

[0067] Figure 4 is a geometric relationship diagram between the contact surface and the Gaussian beam provided in this application;

[0068] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the contact surface morphology characteristics provided in this application;

[0069] Figure 6 is a geometric relationship diagram between the contact surface and the workpiece provided in this application;

[0070] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the characterization locations provided in this application;

[0071] Figure 8 is the LI curve graph provided in this application;

[0072] Fig. 9 is a geometric relationship diagram between the contact surface and the Gaussian beam provided in this application;

[0073] Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part during laser turning provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0075] Example

[0076] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part during laser turning, and the method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part during laser turning comprises the following steps:

[0077] According to the geometric relationship between the laser beam and the rotating parts during motion, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a kinematic model is established;

[0078] According to the relationship between the contact surface morphology of the laser beam and the rotating parts, such as Figure 4 As shown, a contact surface morphology model is established;

[0079] Establish a correlation model based on the common parameters of the kinematic model and the contact surface topography model;

[0080] According to the correlation model and light intensity formula, the contact surface light intensity distribution model is established, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown,

[0081] According to the light intensity distribution model of the contact surface, the expression of the size of the removed trace is established;

[0082] According to the processing parameters, the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material is determined, and the laser cutting speed range is predicted by combining the expression of the removal mark size.

[0083] The common parameters include beam waist radius, laser incident angle and feedback angle.

[0084] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the kinematic model is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, r i is the target machining radius during machining, in mm;

[0087] R is the radius of the rotating part, in mm;

[0088] i is the number of layers required to achieve the target radius;

[0089] a p is the radius difference of each layer removed, in mm;

[0090] δ i is the feedback angle, in rad.

[0091] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the contact surface morphology model is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, f′ p The distance from the laser beam to the beam waist, in mm;

[0094] w0 is the beam waist radius, in mm;

[0095] ε is the laser incident angle;

[0096] η is the coefficient of taking discrete points within the elliptical surface, η≤1.

[0097] The association model is as follows:

[0098] w0·tanε=z′p

[0099]

[0100] Wherein, x0 is the laser incident distance, in mm;

[0101] z0 is the Rayleigh length of the Gaussian beam, in mm.

[0102] Determining the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material includes:

[0103] Prepare the test specimens made of the same material as the parts to be machined;

[0104] Irradiate the sample with a laser beam of different light intensities;

[0105] Observe and measure the removal marks produced on the surface of the specimen;

[0106] Determine the minimum light intensity that produces removal marks.

[0107] like Fig. 9 As shown, the expression for removing the trace size is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Wherein, b′ is the size of the removal mark along the circumference of the workpiece, in mm;

[0110] b ″ The projection of the part of the mark removed along the circumference of the workpiece on the plane where the beam waist is located, the unit is mm;

[0111] ε is the laser incident angle;

[0112] P0 is the power of electromagnetic wave propagation, in W;

[0113] I i Minimum light intensity to produce material removal.

[0114] Specifically, the cutting speed, v∈(v1~v2), v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f,v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f

[0115] Wherein, v is the cutting speed in m / min; f is the repetition frequency in Hz.

[0116] The contact between the laser beam and the rotating part is set as point contact.

[0117] The rod material used in the embodiment is a cemented carbide rod material (YG12), the radius of the rotating body part is R = 4mm, and the target processing radius r i=3mm.

[0118] By this method, we can predict x oi =0.75mm, ε = 0°, cutting speed range, i·a p =1.024mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0119] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =1.024mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈1.318;

[0120] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =0.75mm, substitute Get δ i ≈1.318.

[0121] 2. i ≈1.318, x oi =0.75mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈3.845μm.

[0122] 3. z′ p ≈3.845μm, ε=0°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the characteristic equation of the contact surface morphology at this moment.

[0123] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0124] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0125] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0126] 6. z′ p ≈3.845μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=0°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0127] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0128]

[0129] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0130] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W and the laser repetition frequency is 160kHZ, the single pulse energy should be 0.125mJ.

[0131] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈26.563 μm.

[0132] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0133] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f=9×10 -6 ×26.563×160×10 3 ≈38m / min

[0134] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×26.563×160×10 3 ≈57m / min

[0135] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 38 to 57 m / min. The cutting speed range is selected based on the spiral motion of the laser beam on the workpiece surface.

[0136] By this method, we can predict x oi =2.25mm, ε = 0°, cutting speed range, i·a p =1.323mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0137] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =1.323mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈0.723;

[0138] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =2.25mm, substitute Get δ i ≈0.723.

[0139] 2. i ≈0.723, x oi =2.25mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈23.978μm.

[0140] 3. z′ p ≈23.978μm, ε=0°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the contact surface morphology characteristic equation at this moment.

[0141] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0142] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0143] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0144] 6. z′ p ≈23.978μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=0°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0145] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0146]

[0147] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0148] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W, the energy of a single pulse should be 0.125mJ.

[0149] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈40.7μm.

[0150] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0151] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f=9×10 -6 ×40.7×160×10 3 ≈59m / min

[0152] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×40.7×160×103 ≈89m / min

[0153] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 59~89m / min.

[0154] By this method, we can predict x oi =0.75mm, ε=30°, cutting speed range, i·a p =1.024mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0155] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =1.024mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈1.318;

[0156] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =0.75mm, substitute Get δ i ≈1.318.

[0157] 2. i ≈1.318, x oi =0.75mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈3.845μm.

[0158] 3. z′ p ≈3.845μm, ε=30°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the contact surface morphology characteristic equation at this moment.

[0159] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0160] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0161] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0162] 6. z′ p ≈3.845μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=30°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0163] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0164]

[0165] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0166] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W and the laser repetition frequency is 160kHZ, the single pulse energy should be 0.125mJ.

[0167] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈26.563 μm.

[0168] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0169] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×z=9×10 -6 ×26.563×160×10 3 ≈38m / min

[0170] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×26.563×160×10 3 ≈57m / min

[0171] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 38 to 57 m / min. The cutting speed range is selected based on the spiral motion of the laser beam on the workpiece surface.

[0172] By this method, we can predict x oi =2.25mm, ε=30°, cutting speed range, i·a p =1.323mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0173] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =1.323mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈0.723;

[0174] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =2.25mm, substitute Get δ i ≈0.723.

[0175] 2. i≈0.723, x oi =2.25mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈23.978μm.

[0176] 3. z′ p ≈23.978μm, ε=30°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the contact surface morphology characteristic equation at this moment.

[0177] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0178] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0179] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0180] 6. z′ p ≈23.978μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=30°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0181] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0182]

[0183] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0184] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W, the energy of a single pulse should be 0.125mJ.

[0185] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈40.7014 μm.

[0186] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0187] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f=9×10 -6 ×40.7014×160×10 3 ≈59m / min

[0188] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×40.7014×160×10 3 ≈88m / min

[0189] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 59~88m / min.

[0190] By this method, we can predict x oi =2.95mm, ε=0°, cutting speed range i·a p =2.156mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0191] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =2.156mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈0.1828;

[0192] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =2.95mm, substitute Get δ i ≈0.1828.

[0193] 2. i ≈0.723, x oi =2.95mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈122.9μm.

[0194] 3. z′ p ≈122.9μm, ε=30°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the characteristic equation of the contact surface morphology at this moment.

[0195] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0196] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0197] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0198] 6. z′p ≈122.9μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=30°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0199] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0200]

[0201] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0202] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W, the energy of a single pulse should be 0.125mJ.

[0203] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈162.134 μm.

[0204] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0205] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f=9×10 -6 ×162.134×160×10 3 ≈233m / min

[0206] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×162.134×160×10 3 ≈351m / min

[0207] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 233~351m / min.

[0208] By this method, we can predict x oi =2.95mm, ε=30°, cutting speed range i·a p =2.156mm, w0=20μm, including the following steps.

[0209] 1. Set R = 4mm, r i =3mm, i·a p =2.156mm, substituting into the kinematic model, we get δ i ≈0.1828;

[0210] Alternatively, r i =3mm, x oi =2.95mm, substitute Get δ i ≈0.1828.

[0211] 2. i ≈0.723, x oi =2.95mm, r i =3mm, w0=20μm, Substituting into the association model, we get z′ p ≈122.9μm.

[0212] 3. z′ p ≈122.9μm, ε=30°, substitute into the contact surface morphology model, and obtain the characteristic equation of the contact surface morphology at this moment.

[0213] 4. According to the above contact surface morphology characteristic equation, discrete points are taken and substituted into the light intensity formula in sequence to obtain a contact surface light intensity distribution model that characterizes the light intensity distribution at any position on the contact surface.

[0214] 5. Combined with the above contact surface light intensity distribution model, through experimental analysis,

[0215] The relationship between the single pulse removal size and the light intensity distribution on the contact surface is established to obtain the minimum light intensity value I required for the material to be removed. i =1.06×10 -3 Lx.

[0216] 6. z′ p ≈122.9μm, I i =1.06×10 -3 Lx, ε=0°, Substitute into the expression for the size of the trace removed,

[0217] The relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size is obtained:

[0218]

[0219] 7. Determine the cutting speed range based on the size of the trace removed by a single pulse:

[0220] If the average power P0 of the laser is 20W, the energy of a single pulse should be 0.125mJ.

[0221] According to the relationship between the single pulse energy and the material removal mark size, the laser single pulse removal size is obtained to be b′≈162.34 μm.

[0222] Therefore, the cutting speed range is:

[0223] v1≈9×10 -6 ×b′×f=9×10 -6 ×162.34×160×103 ≈233m / min

[0224] v2≈13.5×10 -6 ×b′×f=13.5×10 -6 ×162.34×160×10 3 ≈351m / min

[0225] Therefore, the cutting speed range is 233~351m / min.

[0226] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a restriction. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent accompanying drawings.

[0227] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit is only for the convenience of distinction. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0228] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating part by laser turning, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the geometric relationship between the laser beam and the rotating parts during the motion process, a kinematic model is established; According to the contact surface morphology relationship between the laser beam and the rotating part, a contact surface morphology model is established; Establish a correlation model based on the common parameters of the kinematic model and the contact surface topography model; According to the correlation model and light intensity formula, a contact surface light intensity distribution model is established; According to the light intensity distribution model of the contact surface, the expression of the size of the removed trace is established; According to the processing parameters, the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material is determined, and the laser cutting speed range is predicted by combining the expression of the removal mark size.

2. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometric relationship between the laser beam and the rotating part during the motion process includes: Target processing radius; The radius of the rotating part; The number of layers required to achieve the target radius; The radius difference of each layer removed; Feedback angle reflecting the laser feed motion position.

3. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact surface morphology between the laser beam and the rotating part includes: Laser incident distance; Waist radius; Laser incident angle.

4. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The common parameters include beam waist radius, laser incident angle and feedback angle.

5. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The kinematic model is as follows: Among them, r i is the target machining radius during machining, in mm; R is the radius of the rotating part, in mm; i is the number of layers required to achieve the target radius; a p is the radius difference of each layer removed, in mm; δ i is the feedback angle, in rad.

6. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact surface morphology model is as follows: Among them, z′ p The distance from the laser beam to the beam waist, in mm; w0 is the beam waist radius, in mm; ε is the laser incident angle; η is the coefficient of taking discrete points within the elliptical surface, η≤1.

7. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The association model is as follows: w0 tanε=z ′ p Wherein, x0 is the laser incident distance, in mm; z0 is the Rayleigh length of the Gaussian beam, in mm.

8. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material includes: Prepare the test specimens made of the same material as the parts to be machined; Irradiate the sample with a laser beam of different light intensities; Observe and measure the removal marks produced on the surface of the specimen; Determine the minimum light intensity that produces removal marks.

9. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expression for removing the trace size is as follows: Among them, b ′ The size of the removal mark along the circumference of the workpiece, in mm; b″ is the projection of the removal mark along the circumference of the workpiece in the plane where the beam waist is located, in mm; ε is the laser incident angle; P0 is the power of electromagnetic wave propagation, in W; I i Minimum light intensity to produce material removal.

10. The method for predicting the cutting speed of a rotating body part by laser turning according to claim 8, characterized in that: According to the processing parameters, the minimum light intensity required for the removal of the rotating part material is determined, and combined with the expression of the removal mark size, the predicted laser cutting speed range includes: Substitute the processing parameters into the kinematic model to obtain the value of the feedback angle. The processing parameters include laser power, laser repetition frequency, target processing radius, radius of the rotating part, number of layers, and radius difference of each layer removed. Substitute the processing parameters and feedback angle into the correlation model to obtain the laser incident distance; The minimum light intensity is obtained by combining the light intensity distribution model with experimental analysis; Substituting the processing parameters, laser incident distance and minimum light intensity into the expression of removed trace size, the relationship between laser energy and removed trace size is obtained; The size of the mark removed corresponding to the laser energy is determined based on the relationship, and the laser cutting speed range is calculated in combination with the processing parameters.

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