Anti-impact positioning and pressing mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-impact positioning and pressing mechanism, belongs to the technical field of anti-impact devices, and solves the problems that an existing positioning and pressing mechanism is low in impact resistance and difficult to position and press an impacted module which is large in size and complex in structure. The anti-impact positioning and pressing mechanism comprises the fixing unit, the positioning unit and the pressing unit, and an impacted module can be precisely limited through the multiple guiding and positioning functions of combination of the guiding part, the groove-shaped positioning face and the guiding and limiting pin shaft; by arranging a split type rotatable pressing structure and combining the application of the lever principle, self-adaptive adjustment can be performed according to the states of different impacted modules, and reliable pressing under large-load impact is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-impact devices, and in particular to an anti-impact positioning and clamping mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The pressure plate structure is widely used in large machine tools. It is generally made of carbon steel forging. After high temperature heating and hammering by air hammer, its hardness reaches more than 30HRC. At present, most positioning and clamping mechanisms are composed of pressure plates and positioning pins. The function of the positioning and clamping mechanism is to realize the positioning and locking of the impacted module, withstand the braking force transmitted during the impact, provide stable support, and provide an operating platform for unlocking and locking the impacted module. It is one of the indispensable devices.

[0003] The existing frames all adopt fixed positioning and clamping mechanisms, and common structures are as follows Figure 1 As shown. This type of structural mounting plate is usually welded to the corresponding frame, with single-side guidance and mainly limited by guide pins. It is widely used in stress conditions with compact overall structural dimensions, high processing accuracy, and small impact overload. When the impacted module is large in size, heavy in mass, high in impact force, and has large dimensional deviation, the existing positioning and clamping mechanism has the following shortcomings during use:

[0004] 1. Since multiple sets of positioning and clamping mechanisms need to be welded to the frame to work simultaneously, multiple product positioning holes fall directly into the guide pins, which makes the operation difficult and inefficient, and the guiding and limiting effect in only one direction is not good;

[0005] 2. When there are many accumulated errors in the production and assembly process, the integral pressure plate structure has fixed dimensions and cannot better fit the product module. During actual pressing, the pressure plate and the pressing surface are mostly in line contact.

[0006] 3. Since the fixed pressure plate is screwed to the frame, the bending moment of the pressure plate cantilever structure is too large when the impact force is large.

[0007] Since the impact resistance and clamping effect of the positioning and clamping mechanism determine the success or failure of the operation in many operations that generate large impact forces, there is an urgent need for a positioning and clamping mechanism that can withstand large impact forces and is suitable for impacted modules of larger sizes and complex structures. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above analysis, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide an impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism to solve the problem that the existing positioning and clamping mechanism has low impact resistance and difficulty in positioning and clamping impacted modules with larger size and more complex structure.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] An impact-resistant positioning and pressing mechanism comprises a fixing unit, a positioning unit and a pressing unit; the positioning unit and the pressing unit are detachably fixed on the fixing unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixing unit includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and reinforcing ribs; one end of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are fixed and perpendicular to each other, and the reinforcing ribs are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes a positioning seat and a guide limit pin; the positioning seat is a flat plate structure with a boss, including a mounting surface, a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting surface is a plane located on one side of the positioning seat, and the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are boss structures located on the other side of the positioning seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the first positioning portion has two parallel and opposite guide rail positioning surfaces, and the guide rail positioning surfaces are perpendicular to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the second positioning portion is located between the two guide rail positioning surfaces, and the second positioning portion includes a bottom positioning surface and a positioning through hole opened on the bottom positioning surface; the bottom positioning surface and the two guide rail positioning surfaces form a groove-type three-surface positioning structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide limit pin is fixed on the positioning seat through the positioning through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the positioning seat is also provided with a guide portion.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide portion is a chamfered structure located at the open ends of the two guide rail positioning surfaces.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer side surface of the first mounting plate is in contact with the mounting surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a pressing plate and an installation assembly; the pressing plate includes a clamping part and an installation part; the clamping part is located at one end of the pressing plate and is a boss with a plane; the installation part is a plurality of symmetrically distributed bolt through holes; the installation assembly includes bolts, flat washers and elastic washers.

[0021] Furthermore, the clamping part includes a clamping block, a clamping plate chuck and a pin; one end of the clamping block is a clamping plane, and the other end of the clamping block is connected to one end of the clamping plate through a pin.

[0022] Furthermore, there is a gap between the connecting end surface of the pressing block and the inner mounting surface of the pressing plate clamp to limit the rotation range.

[0023] Furthermore, the pressing plate also includes an adjusting portion, which is located at the other end of the pressing plate, and is a convex strip having an arc-shaped cylindrical surface and parallel to the pin shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, a limiting groove matching with the adjusting portion is provided on the second mounting plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the mounting portion is connected to the outer side surface of the second mounting plate through a mounting assembly, and a gap is provided between the mounting portion and the second mounting plate.

[0026] Furthermore, gaps are provided around the adjusting portion and around the bolt.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) Through the multiple guiding functions, multiple plane positioning functions and pin positioning functions of the positioning unit, simple docking guidance and multi-directional precise limiting can be performed when the impacted module is installed in the positioning and clamping mechanism, thereby improving the speed and accuracy of module positioning and achieving a more stable limiting effect;

[0029] (2) Through the pin connection structure set in the clamping unit, under the action of the pin, the clamping block and the clamping plate are adaptively adjusted during the clamping process, so that the clamping surface fits the module over a large area, and the bottom of the impacted module is effectively locked by surface contact, thereby ensuring a reliable clamping effect;

[0030] (3) By setting an adjustment part on the pressure plate that is in linear contact with the fixed unit, the bending moment of the pressure plate is alleviated by utilizing the lever principle, so that it can adapt to a greater degree of impact load and ensure the reliability of the clamping mechanism during the impact process, thereby making the impact process safer and more stable.

[0031] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following content, and some advantages can be obvious from the description or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the text and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing pressing and positioning mechanism;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact-resistant pressing and positioning mechanism of a specific embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 A top view of the impact-resistant pressing and positioning mechanism of a specific embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressing unit of an impact-resistant pressing and positioning mechanism in a specific embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning seat structure of the impact-resistant pressing positioning mechanism of a specific embodiment;

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1-fixing unit; 11-first mounting plate; 12-second mounting plate; 121-limiting groove; 13-reinforcing rib; 2-positioning unit; 21-positioning seat; 211-mounting surface; 212-first positioning part; 2121-guide rail positioning surface; 213-second positioning part; 2131-bottom positioning surface; 2132-positioning through hole; 214-guide part; 22-guide limiting pin; 3-clamping unit; 31-pressing plate; 311-pressing part; 3111-pressing block; 3112-pressing plate chuck; 3113-pin shaft; 312-mounting part; 3121-bolt through hole; 313-adjusting part; 32-mounting assembly; 321-bolt; 322-flat gasket; 323-elastic gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses an impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism, which includes a fixing unit 1, a positioning unit 2, and a clamping unit 3; the fixing unit 1 includes a first mounting plate 11, a second mounting plate 12, and a reinforcing rib 13, and the first mounting plate 11, the second mounting plate 12, and the reinforcing rib 13 are firmly connected as a whole by welding. Generally, the two connecting plates are mostly vertical, and the two right-angled side surfaces of the reinforcing rib 13 are tightly fitted with the inner side surfaces of the first mounting plate 11 and the second mounting plate 12 to support and fix the connection between the first mounting plate 11 and the second mounting plate 12. The positioning unit 2 includes a positioning seat 21 and a guide limit pin 22; as shown Figure 5As shown, one side of the positioning seat 21 is a mounting surface 211, which is a plane with multiple mounting through holes, and is used to fit with the outer side surface of the first mounting plate 11, and the positioning unit 2 is firmly mounted on the fixing unit 1 through multiple sets of bolt assemblies. A first positioning portion 212 and a second positioning portion 213 are provided on the other side of the positioning seat 21. The first positioning portion 212 is two parallel long strip-shaped bosses, and the opposite sides of the two bosses are two parallel and opposite guide rail positioning surfaces 2121. The guide rail positioning surfaces 2121 are perpendicular to the first mounting plate 11 and the second mounting plate 12, forming a groove-shaped long guide rail. Another boss-shaped second positioning portion 213 is provided in the middle of the two guide rail positioning surfaces 2121 away from the two ends of the second mounting plate 12, and the boss of the second positioning portion 213 is higher than the boss of the first positioning portion 212. The second positioning portion 213 and the first positioning portion 212 form a concave guide rail seat, and the two guide rail positioning surfaces 2121 limit the side of the impacted module, and the top plane of the second positioning portion 213 limits the bottom of the impacted module. Therefore, the positioning unit 2 can pre-guide the impacted module in multiple directions on three surfaces at the same time through the concave guide rail boss structure of the positioning seat 21. In order to make the alignment operation between the impacted module and the positioning unit 2 more convenient and accurate, the guide rail positioning surface 2121 is provided with a guide portion 214 with a chamfered structure at the opening of the second mounting plate 12, which can better guide the impacted module to dock with the first positioning portion 212. The side of the second positioning portion 213 away from the mounting surface 211 can be set to an arc shape protruding outward, and a positioning through hole 2132 concentric with the arc is provided in the center of the arc shape for installing the guide stop pin 22. The top of the guide stop pin 22 has a conical chamfer, which plays a role in guiding and smoothly inserting when docking with the positioning hole on the impacted module. like Figure 4 As shown, the clamping unit 3 includes a pressing plate 31 and a mounting assembly 32; the pressing plate 31 includes a clamping portion 311 and a mounting portion 312; the clamping portion 311 is located at the front end of the pressing plate 31, and is a flat boss that directly fits and presses the impacted module; the mounting portion 312 is a plurality of symmetrically distributed bolt through holes 3121, and a preferred solution is to set three bolt holes; the mounting assembly 32 is a plurality of clamping bolt assemblies that match the screw holes 3121, and the bolts 321 connect and fix the pressing plate 31 to the second mounting plate 12 through flat washers 322 and elastic washers 323, and the clamping portion 311 is opposite to the guide limit pin 22, and the center axes coincide with each other.

[0043] Specifically, when the positioning and clamping mechanism of this embodiment is used to clamp and position the impacted module, two or more positioning and clamping mechanisms of this embodiment can be used for the impacted module with a larger size. If it is a small impacted module, only one positioning and clamping mechanism of this embodiment can be used. At the same time, in addition to processing the positioning hole on the impacted module as in the prior art, it is also necessary to process the positioning protrusion that matches the position and size of the guide rail positioning surface 2121 of this embodiment. When implementing positioning and clamping, first insert the guide positioning pin 22 from the top of the second positioning part 213 into the positioning through hole 2132, and then tighten the bottom through the nut, elastic gasket, and flat gasket to fix it on the positioning unit 2. After the guide positioning pin 22 is installed, the positioning protrusion of the impacted module is roughly corresponding to the opening of the guide part 214, and then the impacted module falls from top to bottom along the two guide rail positioning surfaces 2121 through the guiding effect of the chamfered structure of the guide part 214 until it falls to the bottom positioning surface 2131. Due to the guiding effect of the guide part 214 and the pre-positioning effect of the two guide rail positioning surfaces 2121, the guide positioning pin 22 will be accurately connected with the positioning hole on the impacted module to complete the positioning insertion. Finally, the clamping unit 3 is installed on the second mounting plate 12 of the fixing unit 1 through the installation component 32 to complete the clamping and fixing of the impacted module. Due to the multiple limiting effects of the groove-shaped long guide rail and the guide limiting pin of the positioning unit 2, when the size of the impacted module is large and multiple clamping and positioning mechanisms of this embodiment are used at the same time, it is only necessary to guide one positioning protrusion of the impacted module into the guide rail positioning surface 2121 of one of the clamping and positioning mechanisms, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism can be aligned with multiple positioning protrusions and positioning holes on the impacted module at the same time, completing the preliminary guidance of the impacted module, and directly falling to the specified position, to ensure the high efficiency of product module positioning. Taking into account the possible processing errors of the impacted modules of larger sizes, a gap of about 2 mm is reserved between the guide rail positioning surface 2121 and the impacted module, a gap of 2.5 mm is reserved for the front and rear guides, and the guide portion 214 is provided with an angled guide of more than 20 mm. The impacted modules within the left and right deviation range of 20 mm can be effectively guided, which greatly improves the efficiency of docking and is more inclusive.

[0044] Therefore, the clamping and positioning device of this embodiment can guide the guiding and positioning functions of the limit pin shaft through the guiding function of the guide part 214 and the positioning function of the three planes of the concave boss, so as to play the role of multiple docking guidance and perform multiple fixation of the impacted module in the left and right directions, front and back directions and rotational freedom, thereby achieving a simple, efficient and stable guiding and positioning effect for the impacted module.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Another specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the first embodiment, adopts an adaptive clamping unit to replace the fixed clamping plate. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, an impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism is disclosed, wherein the clamping part 311 is a split structural component, including an independent pressing block 3111 and a pressing plate clamp 3112 located at one end of the pressing plate, one end of the pressing block 3111 is connected to the pressing plate clamp 3112 through a pin 3113, and the pressing block 3111 can rotate relative to the pressing plate clamp 3112 around the pin 3113. A gap is left between the end face of the pressing block 3111 and the inner mounting surface of the pressing plate clamp 3112. When the pressing block 3111 rotates to a certain angle around the pin 3113, the edge of the end face of the pressing block 3111 will interfere with the inner mounting surface of the pressing plate clamp 3112, thereby stopping the pressing block 3111 from rotating, thereby limiting the pressing block 3111 to rotate within a smaller range. A better solution is to leave a gap between the end face of the pressing block 3111 and the inner mounting surface of the pressing plate chuck 3112, which can ensure that the pressing block 3111 can rotate a certain angle around the pin 3113 relative to the pressing plate chuck 3112 without causing instability due to excessive rotation. A better solution is to leave a gap of about 6 mm. The edge of the end face of the pressing block 3111 can be processed into a round chamfer to make the interference limit effect smoother.

[0047] In this embodiment, since the fixed pressure plate is split into a movable component with a pin shaft, during the process of installing the clamping unit 3 to clamp the impacted module, the clamping positioning mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the dimensional error of the actual shape of the impacted module through the rotation of the pressure block 3111, thereby ensuring a large-area fit between the positioning and clamping mechanism and the impacted module and improving the clamping effect.

[0048] Furthermore, the pressure plate 31 is provided with an adjustment portion 313 at the other end of the pressure block 3111. The adjustment portion 313 is a convex strip with an arc-shaped cylindrical surface parallel to the pin shaft 3113. The second mounting plate 12 is provided with a limit groove 121 that matches the adjustment portion 313. When the adjustment portion 313 enters the limit groove 121 to mount the pressure plate 31 on the second mounting plate 12, the bottom of the limit groove 121 is in line contact with the arc-shaped cylindrical surface of the adjustment portion 313. At the same time, a gap adjustment amount of 5mm to 6mm is set between the adjustment portion 313 and the two inner side surfaces of the limit groove 121, and between the bolt 321 and the inner wall of the mounting portion 312. A gap is also reserved in the middle part where the pressure plate 31 is connected to the second mounting plate 12. A better solution is to reserve a gap of about 4mm.

[0049] Specifically, after the impacted module is positioned by the positioning unit 2, the pressure plate 31 connected with the pressure block 3111 is fixed to the second mounting plate through the mounting assembly 32, so that the pressure block 3111 and the impacted module are closely attached and pressed over a large area. When the impacted module is impacted, the impact force is transmitted to the pin through the pressure block 3111, so that the connection between the pressure plate clamp 3112 and the pin is subjected to an upward impact force. Due to the adjustment part arranged at the rear end of the pressure plate 31, the bottom of the limiting groove 121 and the arc-shaped cylindrical surface of the adjustment part 313 form a line contact parallel to the pin shaft, and there is a gap adjustment amount between the adjustment part 313 and the two inner side surfaces of the limiting groove 121, and between the bolt 321 and the inner wall of the mounting part 312. Therefore, when the pin shaft is subjected to an upward impact force, the pressure plate 31 can be lever-rotated around the contact straight line formed by the arc-shaped cylindrical surface of the adjustment part 313 and the bottom of the limiting groove 121, thereby alleviating part of the bending moment during the impact process and ensuring the safety, stability and reliability of the positioning and clamping mechanism during the impact process.

[0050] The impact resistance of this structure is mainly limited by the structural dimensions of the pressure plate 31 itself and the dimensions of the bolts 321 .

[0051] The tensile strength of the bolt can be calculated based on the diameter of the bolt. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0052] F=σ×S=σ×π×r 2

[0053] in,

[0054] F is the tensile force, σ is the stress, S is the cross-sectional area, and r is the minimum radius of the bolt. The larger the bolt diameter, the stronger the tensile strength.

[0055] If each clamping unit is equipped with three 8.8-grade M24 bolts, each bolt can bear a tensile force of nearly 30 tons.

[0056] It should be noted that when the impacted module is large in size and complex in shape, due to the lever effect formed between the adjusting portion 313 and the limiting groove 121, and the gap reserved in the middle part where the pressure plate 31 is connected to the second mounting plate 12, gap adjustment amounts are provided around the adjusting portion 313 and around the bolt 321, which can not only adaptively adjust the tolerance of the impacted module in the axial direction of the pin shaft, but also adaptively adjust the clamping unit in the direction close to the pin shaft and away from the pin shaft.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism provided in this embodiment can accurately limit the impacted module through the multiple guiding and positioning functions combined with the guide part, the groove-shaped positioning surface and the guide limit pin; by setting up a split-type rotatable clamping structure and combining the application of the lever principle, it can be adaptively adjusted according to the different states of the impacted modules and ensure reliable clamping under large load impact.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a fixing unit (1), a positioning unit (2) and a pressing unit (3); the positioning unit (2) and the pressing unit (3) are detachably fixed on the fixing unit (1).

2. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing unit (1) comprises a first mounting plate (11), a second mounting plate (12) and a reinforcing rib (13); one end of the first mounting plate (11) and the second mounting plate (12) are fixed and perpendicular to each other, and the reinforcing rib (13) is in contact with the inner side surfaces of the first mounting plate (11) and the second mounting plate (12).

3. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning unit (2) comprises a positioning seat (21) and a guide limit pin (22); the positioning seat (21) is a flat plate structure with a boss, comprising a mounting surface (211), a first positioning portion (212) and a second positioning portion (213).

4. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting surface (211) is a plane located on one side of the positioning seat (21), and the first positioning portion (212) and the second positioning portion (213) are boss structures located on the other side of the positioning seat (21).

5. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first positioning portion (212) has two parallel and opposite guide rail positioning surfaces (2121), and the guide rail positioning surfaces (2121) are perpendicular to the first mounting plate (11) and the second mounting plate (12).

6. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second positioning portion (213) is located between the two guide rail positioning surfaces (2121), and the second positioning portion (213) comprises a bottom positioning surface (2131) and a positioning through hole (2132) opened on the bottom positioning surface (2131); the bottom positioning surface (2131) and the two guide rail positioning surfaces (2121) form a groove-type three-surface positioning structure.

7. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide limit pin (22) is fixed on the positioning seat (21) through the positioning through hole (2132).

8. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning seat (21) is also provided with a guide portion (214).

9. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide portion (214) is a chamfered structure located at the open ends of the two guide rail positioning surfaces (2121).

10. The impact-resistant positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the first mounting plate (11) is in contact with the mounting surface (211).

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