Dust removal system and metal 3D printing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, aims to solve the technical problems that some known purification equipment is common in purification effect, and elements need to be frequently replaced, and provides a dust removal system and metal 3D printing equipment. The dust removal system comprises a cyclone dust removal device, an electrostatic dust removal device, a medium-efficiency dust removal device, a high-efficiency dust removal device and a fan. The cyclone dust removal device is used for separating first dust particles in the to-be-purified gas and outputting purified primary dust-containing gas; the electrostatic dust collection device is used for further separating first dust particles in the primary dusty gas and outputting purified secondary dusty gas. And the medium-efficiency dust removal device is used for separating second dust particles in the second-stage dust-containing gas and outputting purified third-stage dust-containing gas. And the efficient dust removal device is used for separating third dust particles in the third-stage dust-containing gas and outputting purified filtered gas. And one side of the fan is communicated with the efficient dust removal device. The device has the beneficial effects that the purification effect and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more specifically, to a dust removal system and metal 3D printing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Existing metal 3D printing equipment requires a shielding gas to flow into the print chamber to prevent oxidation during the molding process. This generates dust particles, such as smoke and metal oxide particles. Directly discharging these dust particles mixed with the shielding gas can cause environmental pollution and negatively impact worker health.

[0003] In the known technology, the protective gas containing mixed dust particles is purified by purification equipment. However, some known purification equipment has a general purification effect and requires frequent replacement of components, which causes the metal 3D printing equipment to be shut down, resulting in low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a dust removal system and a metal 3D printing device to solve the technical problems that some known purification equipment has a general purification effect and requires frequent replacement of components.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a dust removal system comprising a cyclone dust removal device, an electrostatic dust removal device, several independent intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices, a high-efficiency dust removal device, and a fan. The cyclone dust removal device is used to allow the gas to be purified to enter, and is used to separate first dust particles in the gas to be purified, and output the purified primary dust-laden gas. The electrostatic dust removal device is connected to the cyclone dust removal device and is used to further separate first dust particles in the primary dust-laden gas, and output the purified secondary dust-laden gas. Several intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices are respectively connected to the electrostatic dust removal device and are respectively used to separate second dust particles in the secondary dust-laden gas, the diameter of the second dust particles being smaller than the diameter of the first dust particles, and output the purified tertiary dust-laden gas. A high-efficiency dust removal device, one side of which is connected to several intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices, is used to separate third dust particles in the tertiary dust-laden gas, the diameter of the third dust particles being smaller than the diameter of the second dust particles, and the other side of which is used to output the purified filtered gas. One side of the fan is connected to the high-efficiency dust removal device, and the fan is used to guide the gas to be purified to flow from the cyclone dust removal device to the high-efficiency dust removal device.

[0007] In the dust removal system of the present application, the electrostatic dust removal device can adsorb the remaining first dust particles in the primary dust-laden gas. In this way, through the cooperation of the cyclone dust removal device and the electrostatic dust removal device, it can be ensured that the powder particles with the largest particle size are almost completely adsorbed, which greatly reduces the first dust particles with large particle size that affect the powder particle adsorption effect of the subsequent device. In addition, distributing the first dust particles in the cyclone dust removal device and the electrostatic dust removal device can greatly reduce the accumulation of the first dust particles in the two at the same time, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the cyclone dust removal device or the electrostatic dust removal device, reducing the number of shutdowns of the metal 3D printing equipment, and improving production efficiency. At the same time, several intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices can also each adsorb a portion of the second dust particles, which can greatly reduce the accumulation of the second dust particles in each intermediate-efficiency dust removal device at the same time, reduce the replacement frequency of the intermediate-efficiency dust removal device, reduce the number of shutdowns of the metal 3D printing equipment, and improve production efficiency. Moreover, several medium-efficiency dust removal devices work independently of each other, and usually the service life of each medium-efficiency dust removal device is not exactly the same. In this way, when one of the medium-efficiency dust removal devices reaches the end of its service life, the dust removal system can still rely on the remaining medium-efficiency dust removal devices to work, thereby further reducing the number of shutdowns of the metal 3D printing equipment and improving production efficiency. In addition, after the accumulation of dust particles in each device decreases, the upper limit of the accumulation of dust particles corresponding to each device can also be appropriately reduced, thereby reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion caused by the replacement process of the device that accumulates a large amount of dust particles, and improving the replacement safety of the user. In addition, by successively adsorbing three types of dust particles of different particle sizes through a cyclone dust removal device, an electrostatic dust removal device, several medium-efficiency dust removal devices, and a high-efficiency dust removal device, the purification effect of the gas to be purified can be guaranteed to a large extent. The fan is arranged downstream, which can also ensure that the airflow entering the fan is filtered gas, thereby greatly reducing the problem of impurities in the gas affecting the service life of the fan.

[0008] In one possible implementation:

[0009] The electrostatic precipitator includes an electrostatic precipitator shell and a plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates; the electrostatic precipitator shell defines an electrostatic precipitator cavity, and the plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates are distributed in the electrostatic precipitator shell at intervals along the flow direction of the primary dust-laden gas.

[0010] In one possible implementation:

[0011] The dust removal system also includes a dust removal cabin, which is limited to a high-efficiency cabin and several medium-efficiency cabins distributed along the vertical direction. The several medium-efficiency cabins are all located below the high-efficiency cabin in the vertical direction and are independent of each other; the high-efficiency dust removal device is arranged in the high-efficiency cabin, and the several medium-efficiency dust removal devices are respectively arranged in the several medium-efficiency cabins.

[0012] In one possible implementation:

[0013] The intermediate-efficiency cabin includes a first chamber and a second chamber distributed in a vertical direction, the first chamber is located below the second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a first partition, and the first partition is provided with a first opening connecting the first chamber and the second chamber; the first chamber is provided with a connecting port, and the connecting port is connected to the electrostatic precipitator; the second chamber is connected to the high-efficiency cabin.

[0014] In one possible implementation:

[0015] The dust removal system also includes a humidifying device, which is arranged in the first chamber and is mounted on the medium-efficiency dust removal device. The humidifying device is used to connect to a water source. The humidifying device is also provided with a plurality of water spray outlets arranged toward the medium-efficiency dust removal device. The plurality of water spray outlets are arranged around the medium-efficiency dust removal device and are used to spray water toward the medium-efficiency dust removal device.

[0016] In one possible implementation:

[0017] The medium-efficiency dust removal device is provided with a through hole passing through in a vertical direction; the dust removal system also includes a back-blowing device, which includes a back-blowing pipe and a back-blowing nozzle. One end of the back-blowing pipe is fixed to the dust removal chamber and is used to connect to the air source. The other end of the back-blowing pipe passes through the first opening of the first partition and extends into the through hole of the medium-efficiency dust removal device at one end close to the first partition. The back-blowing nozzle is arranged in the through hole of the medium-efficiency dust removal device and is connected to the back-blowing pipe of the medium-efficiency dust removal device.

[0018] In one possible implementation:

[0019] A number of second partitions are provided in the high-efficiency cabin, and the number of second partitions divides the high-efficiency cabin into a filter chamber and a number of sub-chambers, and each of the sub-chambers is connected to the second chamber of the medium-efficiency cabin; the high-efficiency dust removal device is provided in the filter chamber, and divides the filter chamber into a first cavity and a second cavity spaced apart along the vertical direction; each second partition is provided with a second opening, and the second opening is connected between the sub-chamber and the first cavity; the second cavity is connected to the fan.

[0020] In one possible implementation:

[0021] The cyclone dust removal device includes a vortex filter cartridge, which includes a vortex cavity, a cylinder, and a cone connected vertically from top to bottom; the vortex cavity is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet is used to allow the gas to be purified to be input into the vortex cavity; the first outlet is used to transport the primary dust-laden gas to the electrostatic precipitator;

[0022] The cylinder and the cone are used to guide the primary dust-laden gas to flow spirally downward along the vertical direction on the inner wall of the vortex filter cartridge, and to allow the first dust particles to be thrown to the inner surface of the vortex filter cartridge under the action of centrifugal force.

[0023] In one possible implementation:

[0024] The dust removal system further includes a cooling device, which is connected to the other side of the fan. The cooling device is used to cool the filtered gas output by the fan and output the cooled filtered gas.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a metal 3D printing device comprising the aforementioned dust removal system and a print chamber. The print chamber defines a print chamber and has an air outlet and an air return port spaced apart from each other. The air outlet communicates with the print chamber and the cyclone dust removal device of the dust removal system, and the air return port communicates with the fan of the dust removal system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a metal 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dust removal system from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclone dust removal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a medium cyclone dust collector;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic precipitator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8This is one of the partial cross-sectional views of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a second partial cross-sectional view of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a third partial cross-sectional view of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Description of main component symbols:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0046] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0047] Existing metal 3D printing equipment requires a shielding gas to flow into the print chamber to prevent oxidation during the molding process. This generates dust particles, such as smoke and metal oxide particles. Directly discharging these dust particles mixed with the shielding gas can cause environmental pollution and negatively impact worker health.

[0048] In the known technology, the protective gas containing mixed dust particles is purified by purification equipment. However, some known purification equipment has a general purification effect and requires frequent replacement of components, which causes the metal 3D printing equipment to be shut down, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0049] This embodiment provides a dust removal system and a metal 3D printing device to solve the technical problems that existing purification equipment has a general purification effect and requires frequent replacement of components.

[0050] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a metal 3D printing device 200, comprising a print chamber 201 and a dust removal system 100. The print chamber 201 defines a print cavity 202, which is filled with a protective gas. The print chamber 201 is also provided with an air outlet K1 and an air return port K2, which are spaced apart. The air outlet K1 is connected to the air inlet K3 of the dust removal system 100, and the air return port K2 is connected to the exhaust port K4 of the dust removal system 100. The dust removal system 100 is used to purify the gas to be purified (i.e., the protective gas mixed with dust particles) within the print chamber 201 and transport the purified filtered gas into the print chamber 201, thereby recycling the protective gas and reducing the production cost of the metal 3D printing device 200.

[0051] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3The dust removal system 100 includes a cyclone dust removal device 10, an electrostatic dust removal device 20, a plurality of medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30, a high-efficiency dust removal device 40 and a fan 50. The cyclone dust removal device 10 is connected to the printing cabin 201 so that the gas to be purified passes into the cyclone dust removal device 10 and is used to separate the first dust particles in the gas to be purified. The electrostatic dust removal device 20 is connected to the cyclone dust removal device 10 and is used to further separate the first dust particles in the primary dust-containing gas and output the purified secondary dust-containing gas. A plurality of medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 are respectively connected to the electrostatic dust removal device 20 and are respectively used to separate the second dust particles in the secondary dust-containing gas, the diameter of the second dust particles being smaller than the diameter of the first dust particles, and output the purified tertiary dust-containing gas. One side of the high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is connected to a number of medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30. The high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is used to separate the third dust particles in the three-stage dust-laden gas. The diameter of the third dust particles is smaller than that of the second dust particles. The other side of the high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is used to output the purified filtered gas. One side of the fan 50 is connected to the high-efficiency dust removal device 40. The fan 50 is used to guide the gas to be purified from the cyclone dust removal device 10 to the high-efficiency dust removal device 40. In other embodiments, the filtered gas can also be transported to a storage device for storage. Therefore, the gas outlet of the fan 50 can be connected to different devices according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not specifically limit it.

[0052] When the dust removal system 100 of this embodiment is in operation, the fan 50 runs and causes the gas to be purified in the print chamber 201 to enter the cyclone dust removal device 10. The cyclone dust removal device 10 absorbs most of the first dust particles in the gas to be purified, causing the gas to form a primary dust-laden gas that also contains second dust particles, third dust particles, and a small amount of first dust particles. The primary dust-laden gas is then transported to the electrostatic precipitator 20 under the action of the fan 50. The electrostatic dust removal device 20 adsorbs the remaining first dust particles in the primary dust-laden gas to form a secondary dust-laden gas containing second dust particles and third dust particles. The secondary dust-laden gas is transported to several medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 under the action of the fan 50. Several medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 respectively receive the tributaries of the divided secondary dust-laden gas. The secondary dust-laden gas in each tributary is purified in each medium-efficiency dust removal device 30, and the second dust particles in the secondary dust-laden gas are adsorbed to form a tertiary dust-laden gas. The tertiary dust-laden gas is transported to the high-efficiency dust removal device 40 under the action of the fan 50. The high-efficiency dust removal device 40 adsorbs the third dust particles in the tertiary dust-laden gas, thereby completing the purification of all powder particles in the gas to be purified to form filtered gas. The filtered gas is then output to the printing cabin 201 under the action of the fan 50.

[0053] In the dust removal system 100 of this embodiment, the electrostatic precipitator 20 can adsorb the remaining first dust particles in the primary dust-laden gas. Thus, through the coordination of the cyclone dust collector 10 and the electrostatic precipitator 20, it is possible to ensure that the powder particles with the largest particle size are substantially completely adsorbed, significantly reducing the impact of the large-sized first dust particles on the adsorption of powder particles by subsequent devices. Furthermore, distributing the first dust particles within the cyclone dust collector 10 and the electrostatic precipitator 20 can significantly reduce the amount of first dust particles accumulated in both at the same time, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the cyclone dust collector 10 or the electrostatic precipitator 20, reducing the number of downtimes of the metal 3D printing equipment 200, and improving production efficiency.

[0054] At the same time, the multiple intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices 30 can also each absorb a portion of the second dust particles, which can significantly reduce the amount of second dust particles accumulated in each intermediate-efficiency dust removal device 30 at the same time, reduce the replacement frequency of the intermediate-efficiency dust removal device 30, reduce the number of shutdowns of the metal 3D printing equipment 200, and improve production efficiency. Moreover, the multiple intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices 30 work independently of each other, and generally the service life of each intermediate-efficiency dust removal device 30 is not completely consistent. In this way, when one of the intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices 30 reaches the end of its service life, the dust removal system 100 can still rely on the remaining intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices 30 to operate, thereby further reducing the number of shutdowns of the metal 3D printing equipment 200 and improving production efficiency.

[0055] Moreover, after the accumulation of dust particles in each device decreases, the upper limit of dust particle accumulation corresponding to each device can also be appropriately reduced, thereby reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion of devices with a large amount of dust particles accumulated during replacement and improving the user's replacement safety.

[0056] Furthermore, the sequential adsorption of dust particles of three different sizes by the cyclone dust collector 10, the electrostatic precipitator 20, several medium-efficiency dust collectors 30, and the high-efficiency dust collector 40 can largely guarantee the purification effect of the gas to be purified. The downstream placement of the fan 50 also ensures that the airflow entering the fan 50 is filtered gas, significantly reducing the problem of impurities in the gas affecting the service life of the fan 50.

[0057] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 12 The dust removal system 100 also includes a cooling device 60, which is connected to the other side of the fan 50. The cooling device 60 is used to cool the filtered gas output by the fan 50 and output the cooled filtered gas. When the filtered gas is directly delivered to the print chamber 201 for recycling, the cooling device 60 can cool the filtered gas so that the cooled filtered gas enters the print chamber 201, thereby improving the utilization rate of the protective gas. In this embodiment, the cooling device 60 can be a water-cooled device.

[0058] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dust removal system 100 also includes an air inlet pipe 71, an exhaust pipe 72, a first connecting pipe 73, a second connecting pipe 74, a plurality of third connecting pipes 75, a fourth connecting pipe 76, and a fifth connecting pipe 77. The air inlet pipe 71 is connected between the air outlet K1 and the cyclone dust collector 10. The first connecting pipe 73 is connected between the cyclone dust collector 10 and the electrostatic precipitator 20. The second connecting pipe 74 is connected between the electrostatic precipitator 20 and a plurality of medium-efficiency dust collectors 30. Each third connecting pipe 75 is connected between each medium-efficiency dust collector 30 and the high-efficiency dust collector 40. The fourth connecting pipe 76 is connected between the high-efficiency dust collector 40 and the fan 50. The fifth connecting pipe 77 is connected between the fan 50 and the cooling device 60. The exhaust pipe 72 is connected between the cooling device 60 and the air inlet K3.

[0059] See also Figure 12 In this embodiment, the cooling device 60 includes a cooling housing 61, a cooling pipeline 62, and cooling fins 63. The cooling housing 61 defines a cooling cavity. The upper side of the cooling housing 61 along the vertical direction Y is connected to the air outlet pipe, and the lower side is connected to the fifth connecting pipe 77. The cooling pipeline 62 is used to pass refrigerant, which exchanges heat with the cooling fins 63. The cooling fins 63 are used to exchange heat with the filtered gas in the cooling housing 61, ultimately achieving a cooling effect on the filtered gas.

[0060] Optionally, the air outlet pipe and the fifth connecting pipe 77 are respectively located at two corners along the diagonal line of the cooling shell 61 to improve the cooling of the filtered gas and the cooling fins 63, improve the cooling efficiency, and ensure the cooling effect of the cooling device 60 on the filtered gas.

[0061] Optionally, a plurality of heat exchange fins 64 may be provided on the surface of the cooling plate 63 to further increase the contact area with the filtered gas.

[0062] Alternatively, see Figure 12 The cooling device 60 further includes a cooling cover plate 65 , which is disposed on one side of the cooling shell 61 to form a closed cooling cavity.

[0063] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the cyclone dust removal device 10 includes a vortex filter cartridge 11 and a first collecting member 12 .

[0064] The vortex filter cartridge 11 includes a vortex chamber 111 , a cylinder 112 and a cone 113 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction Y.

[0065] The vortex cavity 111 is provided with a first inlet 114 and a first outlet 115. The first inlet 114 is connected to the air inlet pipe 71, and the gas to be purified is input into the vortex cavity 111 through the air inlet pipe 71 and the first inlet 114; the first outlet 115 is connected to the first connecting pipe 73 through the air supply pipe, and is used to transport the first-level dust-laden gas to the electrostatic precipitator 20. The first connecting pipe 73 is inserted into the first outlet 115 to a certain depth to avoid the gas to be purified input from the first inlet 114 being directly discharged into the electrostatic precipitator 20 from the first connecting pipe 73.

[0066] The cylindrical body 112 is disposed between the vortex chamber 111 and the large end of the cone 113. The small end of the cone 113 is connected to the first collecting member 12. Optionally, two butterfly valves 13 are disposed between the cone 113 and the first collecting member 12. The two butterfly valves 13 are spaced apart in the vertical direction Y to prevent leakage of the gas to be purified during its entry into the first collecting member 12.

[0067] After the gas to be purified is sent into the vortex cavity 111 along the tangent direction of the vortex cavity 111 from the air inlet pipe 71, it spirally rotates downward along the vertical direction Y along the inner walls of the vortex cavity 111, the cylinder 112, and the cone 113, so that the first dust particles are thrown to the inner surface of the vortex filter cartridge 11 under the action of centrifugal force, and fall into the first collecting element 12 under the action of gravity. The gas to be purified after separating the first dust particles forms a first-level dust-laden gas, and the first-level dust-laden gas rises from the center of the vortex of the gas to be purified and is discharged to the electrostatic precipitator 20 through the first connecting pipe 73.

[0068] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The electrostatic dust collector 20 is arranged above the cyclone dust collector 10 along the vertical direction Y, the cyclone dust collector 10 is connected to the bottom of the electrostatic dust collector 20, and the electrostatic dust collector 20 is connected to several medium-efficiency dust collectors 30 along the horizontal side X1.

[0069] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fan 50 is located on one side of the bottom of the medium-efficiency dust removal device 30 along the vertical direction Y, and the cooling device 60 is provided on one side of the top of the fan 50 along the vertical direction Y.

[0070] In this embodiment, see Figure 6 The electrostatic precipitator 20 includes an electrostatic precipitator housing 21 and a plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates 22. The electrostatic precipitator housing 21 defines an electrostatic precipitator chamber, and the plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates 22 are spaced apart and distributed in the electrostatic precipitator housing 21 along the flow direction of the airflow.

[0071] The electrostatic precipitator 20 has a second inlet 23 and a second outlet 24. The second inlet 23 is connected to the second connecting pipe 74, and the second outlet 24 is connected to the third connecting pipe 75. The second inlet 23 is located on the side of the bottom plate of the electrostatic precipitator housing 21, away from the dust chamber 80 along the longitudinal direction X2. The second outlet 24 is located on the side of the electrostatic precipitator housing 21, away from the print chamber 201 along the transverse direction X1. The second outlet 24 is located on the side plate of the electrostatic precipitator housing 21, between the second inlet 23 and the dust chamber 80 along the longitudinal direction X2.

[0072] As the primary dust-laden gas flows from the second inlet 23 toward the second outlet 24, it passes through the multiple electrostatic dust collecting plates 22. The multiple electrostatic dust collecting plates 22 sequentially adsorb the first dust particles in the primary dust-laden gas until purified secondary dust-laden gas is formed. The secondary dust-laden gas is then transported from the second outlet 24 and the third connecting pipe 75 to the intermediate-efficiency dust removal device 30. The specific principle of adsorbing the first dust particles by the electrostatic dust collecting plates 22 can be referred to the existing electrostatic dust collection principle and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Alternatively, see Figure 6 The electrostatic precipitator 20 also includes a second collecting piece 25. A protruding guide shell 26 is provided at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator shell 21 on the side away from the second inlet 23 along the longitudinal direction X2. The guide shell 26 is arranged corresponding to the multiple electrostatic dust collecting plates 22 in the vertical direction Y. The guide shell 26 is connected to the second collecting piece 25. The guide shell 26 is used to guide the first dust particles collected at the electrostatic dust collecting plate 22 to fall into the second collecting piece 25.

[0074] In this embodiment, see Figures 7 to 10 The dust removal system 100 also includes a dust removal cabin 80, which defines a high-efficiency cabin 81 and a plurality of medium-efficiency cabins 82 distributed along the vertical direction Y. The plurality of medium-efficiency cabins 82 are all located below the high-efficiency cabin 81 along the vertical direction Y and are independent of each other.

[0075] Each medium-efficiency chamber 82 includes a first chamber 821 and a second chamber 822 distributed along the vertical direction Y. The first chamber 821 is located below the second chamber 822. The first chamber 821 and the second chamber 822 are separated by a first partition 83. The first partition 83 is provided with a first opening 831 connecting the first chamber 821 and the second chamber 822. The first chamber 821 is provided with a connecting port 823, and the connecting port 823 is connected to the second connecting pipe 74. The medium-efficiency dust removal device 30 includes a medium-efficiency filter element 31. The medium-efficiency filter element 31 is columnar and is provided with a through hole 32 passing through along the vertical direction Y. The through hole 32 is arranged opposite to the first opening 831 in the vertical direction Y. The medium-efficiency filter element 31 is placed in the first chamber 821. In this embodiment, the medium-efficiency filter element 31 can be specifically set as a sintered plate filter element, which has a longer service life and can further reduce the maintenance frequency of the dust removal system to improve safety and reduce usage costs.

[0076] A plurality of second partitions 84 are provided in the high-efficiency cabin 81, and the plurality of second partitions 84 divide the high-efficiency cabin 81 into a filter chamber 811 and a plurality of sub-cavities 812. Each sub-cavity 812 is connected to the second chamber 822 of a medium-efficiency cabin 82 through a third connecting pipe 75. The high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is provided in the filter chamber 811, and divides the filter chamber 811 into a first cavity and a second cavity spaced apart along the vertical direction Y. Each second partition 84 is provided with a second opening 841, and the second opening 841 is connected between the sub-cavity 812 and the first cavity. The second cavity is connected to the fan 50 through the fourth connecting pipe 76. In this embodiment, the high-efficiency dust removal device can be specifically set as a high-efficiency filter element 41, and the high-efficiency filter element 41 can be specifically set as a glass fiber filter element.

[0077] A spoiler 85 is provided in the first chamber 821, which is arranged opposite to the connecting port 823. The spoiler 85 is spaced apart from the inner surface of the intermediate efficiency cabin 82. After the secondary dust-laden gas enters the intermediate efficiency cabin 82 from the connecting port 823, the wind resistance of the airflow is reduced under the action of the spoiler 85, thereby preventing the secondary dust-laden gas from directly impacting the intermediate efficiency filter element 31, protecting the intermediate efficiency filter element 31, and guiding the airflow of the secondary dust-laden gas from both sides of the connecting port 823 to the intermediate efficiency filter element 31, thereby uniformly adsorbing the second dust particles in the secondary dust-laden gas.

[0078] After entering the first chamber 821, the secondary dust-laden gas is filtered by the medium-efficiency filter element 31. The secondary dust particles are adsorbed by the medium-efficiency filter element 31, and the secondary dust-laden gas is transformed into tertiary dust-laden gas. The gas then enters the through-hole 32 of the medium-efficiency filter element 31, enters the second chamber 822 through the first opening 831, and is then transported to the sub-chamber 812 through the third connecting pipe 75. The tertiary dust-laden gas that enters the sub-chamber 812 then enters the first chamber through the second opening 841, and is then filtered by the high-efficiency filter element 41. The third dust particles are adsorbed by the high-efficiency filter element 41, causing the gas that enters the second chamber to become filtered gas. The filtered gas is then transported to the fan 50 through the fourth connecting pipe 76.

[0079] In this embodiment, see Figure 10The dust removal system 100 also includes a humidifying device 86. The humidifying device 86 is arranged in the first chamber 821 and is sleeved on the medium-efficiency filter element 31. The two ends of the humidifying device 86 are fixed to the dust removal chamber 80 at intervals and are used to connect to the water source. One end of the humidifying device 86 is a water inlet 861, and the other end is a water outlet 862. The humidifying device 86 is also provided with a plurality of water spray ports 863 arranged toward the medium-efficiency filter element 31. The plurality of water spray ports 863 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the humidifying device 86. Before the medium-efficiency filter element 31 needs to be replaced, water is first injected from the water inlet 861. During the flow of water toward the water outlet 862, the water is sprayed toward the medium-efficiency filter element 31 from each water spray port 863 in turn. The medium-efficiency filter element 31 is wetted after contacting the water, thereby further reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion during the replacement of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 and improving the safety of the user when replacing the filter element. In this embodiment, the humidifying device 86 can be specifically set as an annular tube.

[0080] In this embodiment, see Figure 9 The dust removal system 100 also includes a back-blowing device 87, which includes a back-blowing pipe 871 and a back-blowing nozzle 872. One end of the back-blowing pipe 871 is fixed to the dust removal chamber 80, and the other end passes through the first opening 831 of the first partition 83 and extends into the through-hole 32 of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 close to one end of the first partition 83. The back-blowing nozzle 872 is arranged in the through-hole 32 of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 and is connected to the back-blowing pipe 871. The back-blowing pipe 871 is used to connect the air source. When the second dust particles adsorbed on the medium-efficiency filter element 31 reach a threshold value, the air source is started and passes through the back-blowing pipe 871 and the back-blowing nozzle 872, so that the air flow is blown into the through-hole 32 of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 through the back-blowing pipe 871 and the back-blowing nozzle 872, thereby causing the second dust particles on the inner surface of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 to fall off under the action of the air flow. When the medium-efficiency filter element 31 is replaced, there are fewer second dust particles on its surface, which reduces the possibility of spontaneous combustion during the replacement of the medium-efficiency filter element 31 and improves the safety of the user when replacing the filter element.

[0081] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 Two medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 are provided. The two medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 are spaced apart along the horizontal direction X1. One side of the two medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 along the horizontal longitudinal direction X2 is connected to the electrostatic dust removal device 20. The high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is provided at the top of the two medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 along the vertical direction Y. The top of the two medium-efficiency dust removal devices 30 along the vertical direction Y is respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the high-efficiency dust removal device 40 along the horizontal direction X1. The top of the high-efficiency dust removal device 40 is connected to the fan 50.

[0082] In this embodiment, see Figure 11The dust removal system 100 also includes an adapter 88, which includes an adapter shell 881 and several adapter tubes 882. The third connecting pipe 75 is connected to the upper side of the adapter shell 881 along the vertical direction Y. The several adapter tubes 882 are respectively connected to the side of the adapter shell 881 facing the dust removal cabin 80, and are connected to several intermediate-effect cabins 82 in the dust removal cabin 80.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A dust removal system, characterized in that: include: A cyclone dust removal device, the cyclone dust removal device is used to allow the gas to be purified to pass through, to separate the first dust particles in the gas to be purified, and to output the purified primary dust-containing gas; An electrostatic dust removal device, the electrostatic dust removal device is connected to the cyclone dust removal device and is used to further separate the first dust particles in the primary dust-containing gas and output the purified secondary dust-containing gas; A plurality of mutually independent intermediate-efficiency dust removal devices, each of which is connected to the electrostatic dust removal device and is used to separate second dust particles in the secondary dust-laden gas, the diameter of the second dust particles being smaller than the diameter of the first dust particles, and output the purified tertiary dust-laden gas; A high-efficiency dust removal device, one side of which is connected to a plurality of the medium-efficiency dust removal devices, the high-efficiency dust removal device is used to separate the third dust particles in the three-stage dust-containing gas, the diameter of the third dust particles is smaller than the diameter of the second dust particles, and the other side of the high-efficiency dust removal device is used to output the purified filtered gas; A fan, one side of which is connected to the high-efficiency dust removal device, and the fan is used to guide the gas to be purified to flow from the cyclone dust removal device to the high-efficiency dust removal device.

2. The dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic precipitator device comprises an electrostatic precipitator shell and a plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates; the electrostatic precipitator shell defines an electrostatic precipitator cavity, and the plurality of electrostatic precipitator plates are distributed in the electrostatic precipitator shell at intervals along the flow direction of the primary dust-laden gas.

3. The dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal system further includes a dust removal cabin, wherein the dust removal cabin defines a high-efficiency cabin and a plurality of medium-efficiency cabins distributed along a vertical direction, wherein the plurality of medium-efficiency cabins are all located below the high-efficiency cabin in the vertical direction and are independent of each other; The high-efficiency dust removal device is arranged in the high-efficiency cabin, and a plurality of the medium-efficiency dust removal devices are respectively arranged in a plurality of the medium-efficiency cabins.

4. The dust removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate-efficiency cabin includes a first chamber and a second chamber distributed in a vertical direction, the first chamber is located below the second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by a first partition, the first partition is provided with a first opening connecting the first chamber and the second chamber; the first chamber is provided with a connecting port, and the connecting port is connected to the electrostatic precipitator; the second chamber is connected to the high-efficiency cabin.

5. The dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust removal system also includes a humidifying device, which is arranged in the first chamber and is mounted on the medium-efficiency dust removal device. The humidifying device is used to connect to a water source. The humidifying device is also provided with a plurality of water spray outlets arranged toward the medium-efficiency dust removal device. The plurality of water spray outlets are arranged around the medium-efficiency dust removal device and are used to spray water toward the medium-efficiency dust removal device.

6. The dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The medium-efficiency dust removal device is provided with a through hole penetrating in the vertical direction; The dust removal system also includes a backblowing device, which includes a backblowing pipe and a backblowing nozzle. One end of the backblowing pipe is fixed to the dust removal chamber and is used to connect to the air source. The other end of the backblowing pipe passes through the first opening of the first partition and extends into the through hole of the medium-efficiency dust removal device at one end close to the first partition. The backblowing nozzle is arranged in the through hole of the medium-efficiency dust removal device and is connected to the backblowing pipe.

7. The dust removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of second partitions are provided in the high-efficiency cabin, and the plurality of second partitions divide the high-efficiency cabin into a filter chamber and a plurality of sub-chambers, and each of the sub-chambers is respectively connected to a second chamber of the medium-efficiency cabin; the high-efficiency dust removal device is provided in the filter chamber, and divides the filter chamber into a first cavity and a second cavity which are spaced apart along the vertical direction; each of the second partitions is respectively provided with a second opening, and the second opening is connected between the sub-chamber and the first cavity; the second cavity is connected to the fan.

8. The dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone dust removal device comprises a vortex filter cartridge, and the vortex filter cartridge comprises a vortex cavity, a cylinder and a cone connected from top to bottom in a vertical direction; The vortex cavity is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first inlet is used for allowing the gas to be purified to enter the vortex cavity; and the first outlet is used for conveying the primary dust-containing gas to the electrostatic precipitator; The cylinder and the cone are used to guide the primary dust-containing gas to flow spirally downward along the vertical direction on the inner wall of the vortex filter cartridge, and to allow the first dust particles to be thrown to the inner surface of the vortex filter cartridge under the action of centrifugal force.

9. The dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal system also includes a cooling device, which is connected to the other side of the fan. The cooling device is used to cool the filtered gas output by the fan and output the cooled filtered gas.

10. A metal 3D printing device, characterized in that: include: The dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 9; A printing chamber defines a printing cavity and is provided with an air outlet and an air return port which are arranged at intervals. The air outlet is connected to the printing cavity and a cyclone dust removal device of the dust removal system, and the air return port is connected to a fan of the dust removal system.

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