Steering axle and vehicle

Abstract

The steering axle comprises a steering mechanism and a limiting mechanism, the steering mechanism comprises an axle body, steering knuckles connected to the two ends of the axle body and steering oil cylinders used for driving the steering knuckles to rotate, and the limiting mechanism and the steering oil cylinders are connected with a hydraulic control system; the limiting mechanism is used for cutting off oil supply of the steering side of the steering oil cylinder through the hydraulic control system when the steering knuckle steers to the maximum angle relative to the axle body. According to the steering axle, the limiting mechanism is connected and matched with the hydraulic control system of the steering oil cylinder, when the steering axle steers to the maximum angle position, the limiting mechanism acts on the hydraulic control system to cut off oil supply of the steering side of the steering oil cylinder, an oil way of an oil inlet of the steering oil cylinder is cut off, and the steering oil cylinder is prevented from continuously outputting thrust; the fatigue damage of a connecting part is avoided; the service life of the steering oil cylinder is prevented from being shortened due to overlarge lateral force; and the service life of a sealing element is prevented from being shortened due to the fact that the pressure in the steering oil cylinder is continuously increased and frequently held.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery steering axles, in particular, to a steering axle. In addition, the present invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the steering axle. Background Art

[0002] In the field of engineering machinery, the steering axle is an important component that mainly bears the weight of the equipment and provides the main functions of directional control and steering. In the application of steering axles, if the steering angle is too large, not only will the steering axle be subjected to excessive pressure and torque, but the wheel swing amplitude is too large, causing interference and damage with other components, and will also have an adverse effect on the body posture, so the steering angle must be limited. In the prior art, the technology for achieving steering axle limit is mainly to use the limit bolts arranged on the steering knuckle and the limit protrusions installed on the bridge body for hard contact. However, there are at least the following problems with hard contact for limit:

[0003] 1. The connecting pin shaft of the steering knuckle and the steering connecting rod is easy to be damaged. When the steering axle reaches the maximum steering angle, the steering cylinder extension rod hinge connection continues to output thrust, resulting in an increase in the load on the hinge pin shaft, which is prone to fatigue damage to this part.

[0004] 2. The lateral force of the steering cylinder increases. Similarly, after the steering axle reaches the maximum steering angle, the steering cylinder continues to output thrust, which will cause the lateral force on the steering cylinder to increase, resulting in a reduced service life of the steering cylinder.

[0005] 3. The pressure of the steering cylinder hydraulic system cannot be automatically released. After the steering axle reaches the maximum steering angle, the steering cylinder hydraulic system will continue to rise to the pressure relief threshold. Frequent pressure holding will reduce the life of the steering cylinder seal.

[0006] For example, a steering axle with double limit is disclosed in Publication No. CN209008293U, in which two support plates are provided on the front and rear sides of the steering axle body, and the sides of the two support plates are threadedly connected with limit bolts, and nuts are threadedly engaged on the limit bolts, and limit protrusions are provided on the front and rear sides of the steering knuckle to play the role of limiting the internal and external rotation of the steering knuckle. It has the aforementioned problem that both sides of the steering cylinder extension rod are subjected to lateral forces, resulting in a large load and easy fatigue damage, and the problem that the steering cylinder seal has a large load and a reduced life. For another example, the automobile steering axle with a limit mechanism disclosed in Publication No. CN212579525U is provided with a double mechanical limit mechanism, the first mechanical limit mechanism limits the steering of the steering axle by limiting the telescopic stroke of the steering cylinder telescopic rod; the second mechanical limit mechanism limits the steering of the steering axle by limiting the rotation angle of the steering kingpin, and the two are required to overlap the steering limit range of the steering axle. However, its structure is complex, its versatility is poor, and its debugging is difficult. It is necessary to strictly ensure that the limit ranges of the double limit mechanisms overlap, and the above-mentioned hard matching problem also exists. After reaching the limit, the cylinder pressure continues to rise to the threshold, and the steering cylinder seal is loaded with a large load, resulting in a reduced service life. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a steering axle and a vehicle to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the steering axle uses limiting bolts for hard contact to limit, resulting in heavy load on the connection parts, easy fatigue damage, and excessive lateral force on the steering cylinder, which affects the service life.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a steering axle is provided, comprising a steering mechanism and a limiting mechanism, wherein the steering mechanism comprises a bridge body, a steering knuckle connected to both ends of the bridge body, and a steering cylinder for driving the steering knuckle to rotate, wherein the limiting mechanism and the steering cylinder are respectively connected to a hydraulic control system; the limiting mechanism is used to disconnect the oil supply to the steering side of the steering cylinder via the hydraulic control system when the steering knuckle is turned to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting structure arranged on the bridge body, a first plunger in place arranged on the steering knuckle on the first side, and a second plunger in place arranged on the steering knuckle on the second side. The first plunger in place and the second plunger in place are respectively connected to the hydraulic control system. The first plunger in place is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle is turned to the second side to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder through the hydraulic control system. The second plunger in place is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle is turned to the first side to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder through the hydraulic control system.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first in-position plunger and the second in-position plunger respectively include a cylinder body and a piston rod passing through an inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the piston rod includes a piston end located in the cylinder body and a free end extending out of the cylinder body.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the free end of the piston is provided with an impact structure for cooperating with the limiting structure, and the outer surface of the impact structure is a spherical surface or an arc surface.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, an elastic return member is arranged between the piston end of the piston rod and the inner end surface of the cylinder body.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first in-position plunger and the second in-position plunger are respectively provided with adjustment structures for adjusting the stroke of the piston rod and / or adjusting the length of the piston rod and thereby adjusting the maximum steering angle of the steering knuckle.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the hydraulic control system includes a steering gear, a first hydraulically controlled reversing valve and a second hydraulically controlled reversing valve. The first output port of the steering gear is connected to the first input port of the steering cylinder via the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve, and the second output port of the steering gear is connected to the second input port of the steering cylinder via the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve. The first in-place plunger is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve, and the second in-place plunger is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve. The first in-place plunger is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the bridge body turns to the second side to the maximum angle, thereby outputting hydraulic oil to the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve to make the first hydraulic valve reverse, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the first output port of the steering gear and the steering cylinder. The second in-place plunger is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the bridge body turns to the first side to the maximum angle, thereby outputting hydraulic oil to the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve to make the second hydraulic valve reverse, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the second output port of the steering gear and the steering cylinder.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the hydraulic control system also includes a first hydraulically controlled one-way valve and a second hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the rodless chamber of the first in-place plunger is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve, the rodless chamber of the first in-place plunger is also connected to the rod chamber and the return oil circuit of the first in-place plunger via the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the rodless chamber of the second in-place plunger is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve, the rodless chamber of the second in-place plunger is also connected to the rod chamber and the return oil circuit of the second in-place plunger via the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the rodless chamber of the second in-place plunger is also connected to the rod chamber and the return oil circuit of the second in-place plunger via the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the first side output port of the steering gear is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve, and the second side output port of the steering gear is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve, the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve and the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve are integrated in a hydraulic valve group.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, which comprises the above-mentioned steering axle.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The steering axle is connected and coordinated with the hydraulic control system of the steering cylinder by setting a limit mechanism. When the steering axle is turned to the maximum angle position, the limit mechanism acts on the hydraulic control system to disconnect the oil supply on the steering side of the steering cylinder and cut off the oil path at the oil inlet of the steering cylinder. The limit mechanism and the hydraulic control system are hydraulically controlled to avoid the steering cylinder from continuously outputting thrust, thereby avoiding an increase in the load at the hinge of the pin shaft and fatigue damage to the connection parts. At the same time, it avoids excessive lateral force on the steering cylinder that reduces its service life and avoids continuous increase in pressure in the steering cylinder that frequently causes pressure buildup that reduces the service life of the seal.

[0020] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plunger in place according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 100, steering knuckle; 200, pin shaft; 300, connecting rod; 400, steering cylinder; 500, limiting mechanism; 501, rear end cover; 502, cylinder body; 503, elastic return member; 504, front end cover; 505, impact structure; 600, steering kingpin; 700, limiting baffle; 800, bridge body; 900, hydraulic control system; 901, steering gear; 902, first hydraulically controlled one-way valve; 903, second hydraulically controlled one-way valve; 904, first hydraulically controlled reversing valve; 905, second hydraulically controlled reversing valve; 906, first in-position plunger; 907, second in-position plunger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plunger in place according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the steering axle of this embodiment includes a steering mechanism and a limiting mechanism 500. The steering mechanism includes a bridge body 800, a steering knuckle 100 connected to both ends of the bridge body 800, and a steering cylinder 400 for driving the steering knuckle 100 to rotate. The limiting mechanism 500 and the steering cylinder 400 are respectively connected to the hydraulic control system 900; the limiting mechanism 500 is used to disconnect the oil supply to the steering side of the steering cylinder 400 through the hydraulic control system 900 when the steering knuckle 100 is turned to the maximum angle relative to the bridge body 800.

[0030] The steering cylinder 400 is connected to the steering knuckle 100 through the connecting rod 300, the end of the connecting rod 300 is hinged to the steering knuckle 100 through the pin 200, and the steering knuckle 100 is connected to the bridge body 800 through the steering kingpin 600; it should be understood that in other embodiments, the structures and connection structures of the bridge body 800, the steering knuckle 100, the connecting rod 300, etc. can be implemented with reference to the steering bridge in the prior art;

[0031] It can be understood that the steering axle is connected and cooperated with the hydraulic control system 900 of the steering cylinder 400 by setting a limit mechanism 500. When the steering axle is turned to the maximum angle position, the limit mechanism 500 acts on the hydraulic control system 900 to disconnect the oil supply to the steering side of the steering cylinder 400 and cut off the oil circuit of the oil inlet of the steering cylinder 400. The limit mechanism 500 and the hydraulic control system 900 are hydraulically controlled to prevent the steering cylinder 400 from continuously outputting thrust, thereby avoiding an increase in the load at the hinge of the pin shaft 200 and fatigue damage of the connection parts. At the same time, it prevents the steering cylinder 400 from being subjected to excessive lateral force that reduces its service life, and avoids continuous increase in pressure in the steering cylinder 400 and frequent pressure build-up that reduces the life of the seal.

[0032] Specifically, the limiting mechanism 500 includes a limiting structure arranged on the bridge body 800, a first in-position plunger 906 arranged on the steering knuckle 100 on the first side, and a second in-position plunger 907 arranged on the steering knuckle 100 on the second side. The first in-position plunger 906 and the second in-position plunger 907 are respectively connected to the hydraulic control system 900. The first in-position plunger 906 is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle 100 is turned to the second side to the maximum angle relative to the bridge body 800, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder 400 through the hydraulic control system 900. The second in-position plunger 907 is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle 100 is turned to the first side to the maximum angle relative to the bridge body 800, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder 400 through the hydraulic control system 900. That is, when the steering bridge is turned to the first side (i.e., the left side in the figure), the steering knuckle 100 on the left side drives the second in-position plunger 907 to the bridge. When the steering axle turns to the second side (i.e. the right side as shown in the figure), the steering knuckle 100 on the right side drives the first plunger 906 to move toward the center direction of the bridge body 800. When the steering knuckle 100 turns to the maximum angle, the first plunger 906 in place cooperates with the limiting structure. The first plunger 906 in place converts the mechanical energy generated by the cooperation at the limit into hydraulic energy and acts on the hydraulic control system 900, disconnecting the oil circuit of the steering cylinder 400 to stop it from advancing. Similarly, when the steering bridge turns to the second side (i.e. the right side as shown in the figure), the steering knuckle 100 on the right side drives the first plunger 906 in place to move toward the center direction of the bridge body 800. When the steering knuckle 100 turns to the maximum angle, the first plunger 906 in place cooperates with the limiting structure. The first plunger 906 in place converts the mechanical energy generated by the cooperation at the limit into hydraulic energy and acts on the hydraulic control system 900, disconnecting the oil circuit of the steering cylinder 400 to stop it from advancing, avoiding the problem of continuous pressure buildup and excessive load on the steering cylinder 400. The control logic based on full hydraulic control is simple, reducing the cost and difficulty of implementation.

[0033] Among them, the limiting structure can be a limiting baffle 700 arranged on the bridge body 800; preferably, the limiting baffle 700 can be an annular plate sleeved on the bridge body 800, and the mating surface is at a certain angle to the axis of the bridge body 800, so that the first plunger 906 or the second plunger 907 in place moves with the steering knuckle 100 to form a vertical angle when mating with it, thereby ensuring the mating area and limiting effect.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first in-position plunger 906 and the second in-position plunger 907 respectively include a front end cover 504, a rear end cover 501, a cylinder body 502, and a piston rod penetrating the inner cavity of the cylinder body 502, the piston rod includes a piston end located in the cylinder body 502 and a free end extending out of the cylinder body 502, and the free end is arranged toward the limiting structure, and when turning to the maximum angle tending to the corresponding side, it abuts against the limiting structure, so that the piston rod moves to output pressure to the hydraulic control system 900;

[0035] In some embodiments, the first in-position plunger 906 and the second in-position plunger 907 are respectively provided with adjustment structures for adjusting the stroke range of the piston rod and / or adjusting the length of the piston rod and thereby adjusting the maximum steering angle of the steering knuckle 100. After adjusting its stroke range or length through the adjustment structure, the matching position of the free end of the piston rod and the limiting structure changes, thereby adjusting the maximum steering angle of the steering knuckle 100 to adapt to more working conditions and requirements; wherein, the free end of the piston rod of this embodiment is separately arranged and connected through a thread, and the length of the piston rod is adjusted by adjusting the degree of matching between the two through the thread to adjust the matching position of the free end and the limiting structure, thereby adjusting the maximum steering angle of the steering knuckle 100. The limiting mechanism 500 of this device not only has the adjustment function of the adjusting bolt, but also avoids the problems of pressure holding, excessive load, etc. caused by mechanical limiting, and has a simple structure, low cost and low implementation difficulty.

[0036] Furthermore, the free end of the piston is provided with an impact structure 505 for cooperating with the limiting structure. The outer surface of the impact structure 505 is a spherical surface or an arcuate surface. After the adjustment structure adjusts the piston rod length or stroke range, the matching angle between the piston rod and the limiting plate will change to a certain extent, and it cannot be guaranteed that the two are perpendicular. By providing the impact structure 505 with a spherical surface or an arcuate surface, it is possible to maintain an equivalent matching area with the limiting structure, and the matching effect and the limiting effect can still be guaranteed after adjustment, with strong reliability and versatility.

[0037] In some embodiments, an elastic return member 503 is provided between the piston end of the piston rod and the inner end surface of the cylinder body 502. After turning to the maximum angle and returning to the center, the elastic return member 503 assists the first plunger 906 or the second plunger 907 in position to return to its original position. On the other hand, the elastic return member 503 can assist in forming a buffer during the process of turning to the maximum angle, thereby reducing the impact of the piston rod and increasing its service life.

[0038] In some embodiments, the hydraulic control system 900 includes a steering gear 901, a first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904, and a second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905. The first output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the first input port of the steering cylinder 400 via the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904. The second output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the second input port of the steering cylinder 400 via the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905. The first in-position plunger 906 is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905. The second in-position plunger 907 is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904. The first in-position plunger 906 is used to contact and cooperate with the limit structure when the bridge body 800 turns to the second side to the maximum angle, and then output hydraulic oil to the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 to make the first hydraulic valve reversing, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the first output port of the steering gear 901 and the steering cylinder 400. The second in-position plunger 907 is used to contact and cooperate with the limit structure when the bridge body 800 turns to the first side to the maximum angle, and then output hydraulic oil to the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 to make the second hydraulic valve reversing, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the second output port of the steering gear 901 and the steering cylinder 400.

[0039] Specifically, when the hydraulic control system 900 is applied, the following working states are achieved:

[0040] When in the non-limit position state, the first in-position plunger 906 and the second in-position plunger 907 are not in contact with the limit structure, and are both in the initial position and pressure relief state. The first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 and the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 are also in the open state of the initial position, that is, the first output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the first input port of the steering cylinder 400 through the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904, and the second output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the second input port of the steering cylinder 400 through the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905;

[0041] When turning right in the non-limit position state, oil enters the right side of the steering gear 901, enters the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 through the second output port, the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905, and the second input port of the steering cylinder 400, and the first side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 (left side in the figure) returns oil to the first output port of the steering gear 901 through the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904;

[0042] When turning right to the extreme position, the first in-position plunger 906 cooperates with the limit structure, and the piston rod moves toward the rodless chamber so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber is output through the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905, so that the valve core of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 is reversed, and the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 is disconnected and switched to the second oil circuit without oil circuit connection, and the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 stops boosting pressure to output thrust;

[0043] When turning left in the non-limit position state, oil enters the left side of the steering gear 901, enters the first side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 through the first output port, the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904, and the first input port of the steering cylinder 400, and the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 returns oil to the second output port of the steering gear 901 through the first oil path of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905;

[0044] When turning left to the limit position, the second in-position plunger 907 cooperates with the limit structure, and the piston rod moves toward the rodless chamber so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber is output through the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904, so that the valve core of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 is reversed, the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 is disconnected, and the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 stops boosting pressure to output thrust;

[0045] In this embodiment, reference Figure 3 The hydraulic control system 900 also includes a first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902 and a second hydraulically controlled one-way valve 903. The rodless cavity of the first in-place plunger 906 is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905. The rodless cavity of the first in-place plunger 906 is also connected to the rod cavity and the return oil circuit of the first in-place plunger 906 through the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902. The rodless cavity of the second in-place plunger 907 is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904. The rodless cavity of the second in-place plunger 907 is also connected to the rod cavity and the return oil circuit of the second in-place plunger 907 through the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve 903. The first side output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902, and the second side output port of the steering gear 901 is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve 903. Based on this,

[0046] When turning left at the right-turn limit position, oil enters the left side of the steering gear 901, controls the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902 to open, releases the pressure of the first in-position plunger 906, and then opens the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905, and enters the first side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 through the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 and the first input port of the steering cylinder 400, and the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 returns oil to the second output port of the steering gear 901 through the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905;

[0047] When turning right at the left turn limit position, oil enters the right side of the steering gear 901, controls the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902 to open, releases the pressure on the second in-position plunger 907, and then opens the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904. The oil enters the second side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 through the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 and the second input port of the steering cylinder 400, and the oil in the first side chamber of the steering cylinder 400 returns to the first output port of the steering gear 901 through the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904. The steering axle of this steering axle is based on full hydraulic control of the steering axle action and limit, with simple control logic, low implementation difficulty, simple operation and low cost.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve 902, the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve 903, the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve 904 and the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve 905 are integrated in the hydraulic valve group to make the structure integrated. In actual application, it is only necessary to install the hydraulic valve group and complete the oil circuit connection to work. The structure is simple and the operation is simple.

[0049] On the other hand, the preferred embodiment further provides a vehicle, which may be an agricultural machine, a civilian vehicle, etc., and includes the above-mentioned steering axle.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering axle, characterized in that: The steering axle comprises a steering mechanism and a limiting mechanism (500); the steering mechanism comprises a bridge body (800), a steering knuckle (100) connected to both ends of the bridge body (800), and a steering cylinder (400) for driving the steering knuckle (100) to rotate; the limiting mechanism (500) and the steering cylinder (400) are respectively connected to a hydraulic control system (900); the limiting mechanism (500) is used to disconnect the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder (400) via the hydraulic control system (900) when the steering knuckle (100) is turned to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body (800).

2. The steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (500) comprises a limiting structure arranged on the bridge body (800), a first in-position plunger (906) arranged on the steering knuckle (100) on the first side, and a second in-position plunger (907) arranged on the steering knuckle (100) on the second side, wherein the first in-position plunger (906) and the second in-position plunger (907) are respectively connected to the hydraulic control system (900), wherein the first in-position plunger (906) is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle (100) is turned to the second side to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body (800), thereby disconnecting the oil circuit on the steering side of the steering cylinder (400) through the hydraulic control system (900), and the second in-position plunger (907) is used to contact and cooperate with the limiting structure when the steering knuckle (100) is turned to the first side to a maximum angle relative to the bridge body (800), thereby disconnecting the oil supply on the steering side of the steering cylinder (400) through the hydraulic control system (900).

3. The steering axle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first in-position plunger (906) and the second in-position plunger (907) respectively include a cylinder body (502) and a piston rod passing through the inner cavity of the cylinder body (502), and the piston rod includes a piston end located in the cylinder body (502) and a free end extending out of the cylinder body (502).

4. The steering axle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The free end of the piston is provided with an impact structure (505) for cooperating with the limiting structure, and the outer surface of the impact structure (505) is a spherical surface or an arc surface.

5. The steering axle according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic return member (503) is provided between the piston end of the piston rod and the inner end surface of the cylinder body (502).

6. The steering axle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first in-position plunger (906) and the second in-position plunger (907) are respectively provided with adjustment structures for adjusting the stroke of the piston rod and / or adjusting the length of the piston rod and thereby adjusting the maximum steering angle of the steering knuckle (100).

7. The steering axle according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The hydraulic control system (900) comprises a steering gear (901), a first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904) and a second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905); the first output port of the steering gear (901) is connected to the first input port of the steering cylinder (400) via the first oil circuit of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904); the second output port of the steering gear (901) is connected to the second input port of the steering cylinder (400) via the first oil circuit of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905); the first in-position plunger (906) is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905); the second in-position plunger (907) is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904); the first The in-position plunger (906) is used to contact and cooperate with the limit structure when the bridge body (800) turns to the second side to the maximum angle, thereby outputting hydraulic oil to the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904) to cause the first hydraulic valve to change direction, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the first output port of the steering gear (901) and the steering cylinder (400); the second in-position plunger (907) is used to contact and cooperate with the limit structure when the bridge body (800) turns to the first side to the maximum angle, thereby outputting hydraulic oil to the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905) to cause the second hydraulic valve to change direction, thereby disconnecting the oil circuit connection between the second output port of the steering gear (901) and the steering cylinder (400).

8. The steering axle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydraulic control system (900) further comprises a first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (902) and a second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (903); the rodless chamber of the first in-position plunger (906) is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905); the rodless chamber of the first in-position plunger (906) is also connected to the rod chamber and the oil return line of the first in-position plunger (906) via the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (902); the rodless chamber of the second in-position plunger (907) is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904); the rodless chamber of the second in-position plunger (907) is also connected to the rod chamber and the oil return line of the second in-position plunger (907) via the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (903); the first side output port of the steering gear (901) is connected to the control port of the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (902); and the second side output port of the steering gear (901) is connected to the control port of the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (903).

9. The steering axle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (902), the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (903), the first hydraulically controlled reversing valve (904) and the second hydraulically controlled reversing valve (905) are integrated in a hydraulic valve group.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The steering axle according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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