Vehicle chassis and engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, and discloses a vehicle chassis and engineering machinery, the vehicle chassis comprises a chassis, a walking board mounting part is arranged at the top of the chassis; and the battery module is mounted on the walking board mounting part and is provided with a shell top surface serving as a walking board. The battery module can comprise a plurality of batteries which are flatly arranged on the walking board mounting part. The battery is provided with a battery shell, the top face of the battery shell serves as the top face of the shell, and the top face of the shell is provided with an anti-skid structure. The plurality of batteries are connected in series and / or in parallel through the modularized wire harness, and the batteries are detachably connected with the walking board mounting part. According to the vehicle chassis and the battery module of the engineering machine, the battery module is installed on the walking board installation part of the chassis and has the function of a walking board, and the whole vehicle manufacturing cost of the engineering machine can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of engineering machinery, and specifically relates to a vehicle chassis and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] Engineering machinery is an important part of the equipment industry and is usually expensive. In addition, due to the technical complexity and high R&D costs of new energy engineering machinery, the price of new energy engineering machinery has remained high. Small enterprises and individuals cannot afford such high prices, which is not conducive to promoting the widespread application of new energy engineering machinery. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a vehicle chassis and engineering machinery, which are conducive to reducing the whole vehicle cost of the engineering machinery.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a vehicle chassis on one hand, the vehicle chassis comprising:

[0005] A chassis, wherein a platform mounting portion is provided on the top of the chassis;

[0006] The battery module is mounted on the platform mounting portion and has a shell top surface serving as a platform plate.

[0007] In some specific embodiments, the battery module may include a plurality of batteries, and the plurality of batteries are installed flat on the platform mounting portion.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, a plurality of the batteries may be connected in series and / or in parallel via a modular wiring harness.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the battery of the battery module has a battery housing, and the top surface of the battery housing serves as the housing top surface.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the batteries of the battery module are detachably connected to the platform mounting portion.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the top surface of the shell is provided with an anti-slip structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the chassis may include:

[0013] Frame body;

[0014] An accessory frame is arranged on the frame body and has a front leg mounting portion and a rear leg mounting portion arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the multiple batteries of the battery module are arranged in front of the front leg mounting portion in the longitudinal direction, and the multiple batteries of the battery module are arranged in between the front leg mounting portion and the rear leg mounting portion in the longitudinal direction.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the platform mounting portion may be disposed on the accessory frame.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the walkway mounting portion may include a left walkway mounting portion and a right walkway mounting portion arranged in a transverse direction, and several batteries of the battery module are separately mounted on the left walkway mounting portion and the right walkway mounting portion.

[0017] A second aspect of the present application provides an engineering machine, which includes the above-mentioned vehicle chassis.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the engineering machinery is a crane machine and further includes a working device arranged on the vehicle chassis, and a battery accommodating portion for accommodating a battery is provided at a rear end of the working device in the longitudinal direction.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, since the battery module is installed on the platform mounting part of the chassis, the battery module can not only be used as a power source, but also has the function of a walkway. In this way, the walkway originally installed on the chassis and used by the operator to walk and operate can be cancelled, saving the high cost of the original aluminum alloy walkway. In addition, since the battery module is installed on the top of the chassis, the heat dissipation area of ​​the battery module is greatly increased, which can reduce the load and component settings of the heat dissipation system, not only making the overall structure more reasonable and compact, but also further reducing the vehicle cost of the construction machinery. In addition, the battery module is installed on the platform mounting part of the chassis, so that the installation area of ​​the battery module is increased, thereby greatly improving the total capacity of the battery module, thereby greatly improving the cruising range and operation time of the construction machinery, and better meeting customer needs.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an engineering machine according to a specific embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of an engineering machine in FIG. 1 , wherein the battery module is not shown on the chassis;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of an engineering machine in which a battery module according to a first specific embodiment is installed on a chassis;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of an engineering machine in which a battery module according to a second specific embodiment is installed on the chassis;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the installation of an accessory frame and a battery according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery accommodating part.

[0028] Description of Reference Numerals

[0029] 1 Working device 2 Chassis

[0030] 3 battery modules 31 batteries

[0031] 32 modular wiring harness 21 frame body

[0032] 22 accessory frame 221 front leg mounting portion

[0033] 222 rear leg mounting portion 4 battery storage portion

[0034] 41 Installation frame DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0036] Engineering machinery is an important part of the equipment industry, and its cost is usually relatively expensive. In addition, due to the technical complexity and high R&D cost of new energy engineering machinery, the price of new energy engineering machinery is usually much more expensive than that of traditional fuel engineering machinery. Taking new energy mobile cranes as an example, new energy mobile cranes are generally composed of a lower chassis, an upper working device, and a new energy energy unit. The lower chassis provides load-bearing and driving functions, the upper working device provides variable amplitude, lifting, rotation and other operating functions, and the new energy energy unit (such as a battery) provides electrical energy. The lower chassis of existing mobile cranes is equipped with a walkway, on which operators can walk and prevent hoisting aids. The walkway is mainly for load-bearing functions. Its material is generally a patterned aluminum alloy plate, which is more conducive to rust and corrosion prevention. However, the cost of aluminum alloy plates is relatively high. In order to reduce the cost of the whole vehicle, a few walkways of some manufacturers are made of patterned steel plates, but this is not conducive to rust prevention and reduces the quality of the whole vehicle.

[0037] In addition, the new energy units in the existing technology are installed in the vehicle or on the vehicle according to the overall layout, and the batteries are often selected from existing models in the truck industry. In order to save the cost of new design and mold opening, the shape and size are basically unchanged. The battery layout adopts a centralized layout. Because the heat dissipation surface is insufficient and the heat is concentrated, a battery thermal management system is often installed. In addition, the space of the vehicle is limited, the total capacity of the battery is small, and the cruising range and operating time are difficult to meet customer needs.

[0038] In view of this, in order to reduce the cost of the whole vehicle while ensuring the quality of the whole vehicle, the inventor of the present application has been thinking about it and provided a new type of vehicle chassis. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle chassis includes a chassis 2 and a battery module 3. A platform mounting portion is provided on the top of the chassis 2. The battery module 3 is mounted on the platform mounting portion and has a shell top surface serving as a platform board.

[0039] It can be seen that in the present application, the battery module 3 is installed on the walkway mounting part originally used to install the aluminum alloy walkway. Based on the fact that the battery 31 of the battery module 3 has a certain thickness, the battery module 3 can have sufficient bearing strength and is not prone to deformation and damage, and can be used as a walkway. The top surface of the shell of the battery module 3 is used as a walkway for operators to walk and operate, so that the battery module 3 can not only be used as a power source, but also has the function of a walkway. In this way, the aluminum alloy walkway originally installed on the chassis 2 and used by the operator to walk and operate can be cancelled, saving the high cost of the original aluminum alloy walkway.

[0040] Furthermore, since the platform mounting portion is arranged on the top of the chassis 2, that is, the battery module 3 is installed on the top of the chassis 2, the battery module 3 is in a relatively open installation environment, and air circulation is good for the heat dissipation of the battery module 3. In addition, since the area of ​​the platform mounting portion is arranged along the longitudinal and transverse extensions of the chassis 2, the layout area is large, and the battery module 3 is arranged on the platform mounting portion, so that the heat dissipation area of ​​the battery module 3 is greatly increased, the battery heat dissipation system can be omitted or the load and number of components of the battery heat dissipation system are reduced, which not only makes the overall structure of the vehicle chassis more reasonable and compact, but also can further reduce the whole vehicle cost of the engineering machinery.

[0041] In addition, the battery module 3 is installed on the platform mounting part of the chassis 2, so that the installation area of ​​the battery module 3 is increased, thereby greatly improving the total capacity of the battery module 3, thereby greatly improving the cruising range and operating time of the construction machinery, and better meeting customer needs.

[0042] In addition, the vehicle chassis of the present application sets the battery module 3 on the walkway mounting part of the chassis 2, which not only makes full use of the space of the vehicle chassis, making the overall vehicle structure more reasonable and compact, but also allows the battery module 3 to be truly integrated with the vehicle body, making it convenient to inspect, repair and replace the battery module 3. For example, if a battery 31 has a problem, it can be directly replaced, and the structure is more reasonable.

[0043] It should be noted that the battery module 3 and the platform mounting portion can have various structural forms. For example, the battery module 3 can be a whole battery or a combination of multiple batteries. The battery type of the battery module 3 is not limited, and can be a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, a graphene battery or a solid-state battery. The shape and number of the platform mounting portion can be designed according to the actual type of operating machinery, and the shape of the battery module 3 can be designed according to the actual shape of the platform mounting portion. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, taking the new energy mobile crane as an example, both left and right sides of the chassis 2 are provided with walkway mounting parts, and the battery module 3 can be partially installed on the walkway mounting part on the left side and partially installed on the walkway mounting part on the right side.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the battery module 3 is arranged in a decentralized manner and includes a plurality of flat, modularly designed batteries 31, and the plurality of batteries 31 are flatly installed on the platform mounting portion. The shape and arrangement of the batteries 31 can be diversified. Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the shape of the battery 31 can be a square, and multiple batteries 31 are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the chassis 2 and installed flatly on the left and right walkway mounting parts. In addition, the width and length of the battery 31 are not limited. The width and length of the battery 31 can be designed according to the actual performance requirements. When the width and length of the battery 31 are small, multiple batteries 31 can also be arranged in sequence along the transverse direction of the chassis 2 and installed flatly on the walkway mounting part. Figure 3 As shown, the left and right walkway mounting parts are respectively provided with two rows of battery packs arranged side by side along the horizontal direction of the chassis 2. Of course, the shape of the battery 31 can be a trapezoid, a parallelogram or an irregular shape in addition to a square shape; the arrangement of multiple batteries 31 can also be adaptively adjusted and designed according to the width, length and shape of the battery 31, and these structural forms should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0045] The modular design of the battery 31 needs to comprehensively consider its size, modular combination, the range of applicable models, etc., and needs to be applied on a large scale to fully share the costs of design and development, molds, etc. After the shape and size of the battery are determined, a standardized module can be formed with a regular shape, which is conducive to modular combination and full use of the space of the vehicle chassis.

[0046] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, multiple batteries 31 can be connected in series and / or in parallel through a modular wiring harness 32. The series connection structure and / or parallel connection structure of multiple batteries 31 can be designed according to actual performance requirements.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, the battery 31 of the battery module 3 has a battery housing, and the top surface of the battery housing can be used as the housing top surface. In this way, the structure is more compact and simple, and the cost of the whole vehicle is lower. Among them, the material of the battery housing can be aluminum alloy, glass fiber reinforced composite material, SMC sheet material, carbon fiber reinforced composite material, etc.

[0048] Alternatively, in some other specific embodiments, the battery module 3 may include, in addition to the battery 31, a hollow sheet disposed on the battery 31, and the top surface of the hollow sheet may serve as the top surface of the housing to prevent the battery housing of the battery 31 from being damaged during long-term walking operations by operators. The hollow structure design of the hollow sheet may reduce material costs, facilitate heat dissipation of the battery 31, and serve as an anti-slip structure on the top surface of the housing.

[0049] Optionally, the top surface of the shell may be provided with an anti-skid structure, which can effectively prevent the staff from slipping when walking on the top surface of the shell. The anti-skid structure may be integrally formed on the top surface of the shell, and the anti-skid structure may be, for example, a concave-convex pattern structure or an anti-skid rib structure. The ribs in the anti-skid rib structure may also serve as a reinforcement structure of the top surface of the shell to further improve the structural strength of the top surface of the shell.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, in order to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the battery 31, the battery 31 of the battery module 3 is detachably connected to the platform mounting portion. Among them, the detachable connection structure between the battery 31 of the battery module 3 and the platform mounting portion can be various, such as a snap connection or a bolt connection.

[0051] Optionally, there may be multiple walkway mounting parts including a left walkway mounting part and a right walkway mounting part arranged in the transverse direction, and several batteries 31 of the battery module 3 are separately mounted on the left walkway mounting part and the right walkway mounting part.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the chassis 2 may include a frame body 21 and an accessory frame 22, and the accessory frame 22 is arranged on the frame body 21. The accessory frame 22 has a front leg mounting portion 221 and a rear leg mounting portion 222 arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, two front leg mounting portions 221 are arranged in the transverse direction of the chassis 2 and are used to install the front lifting legs, and two rear leg mounting portions 222 are arranged in the transverse direction of the chassis 2 and are used to install the rear lifting legs. The front lifting legs and the rear lifting legs are one of the main components of the working machinery vehicle, which are used to increase the support base of the working machinery, reduce the burden on the tires, and improve the anti-overturning stability of the whole vehicle, thereby improving the lifting capacity.

[0053] Due to the presence of the front leg mounting portion 221 and the rear leg mounting portion 222, a plurality of platform mounting portions are dispersedly arranged. At this time, a plurality of batteries 31 of the battery module 3 can be arranged in front of the front leg mounting portion 221 along the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of batteries 31 of the battery module 3 can be arranged in between the front leg mounting portion 221 and the rear leg mounting portion 222 along the longitudinal direction.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the plurality of walkway mounting parts include a first walkway mounting part, a second walkway mounting part, a third walkway mounting part and a fourth walkway mounting part. The first walkway mounting part and the second walkway mounting part are left walkway mounting parts and are located at the left top of the chassis 2. The first walkway mounting part is arranged in front of the front leg mounting part 221 on the left and is located in the longitudinal front of the second walkway mounting part. The second walkway mounting part is arranged between the front leg mounting part 221 and the rear leg mounting part 222 on the left. The third walkway mounting part and the fourth walkway mounting part are right walkway mounting parts and are located at the right top of the chassis 2. The third walkway mounting part is arranged in front of the front leg mounting part 221 on the right and is located in the longitudinal front of the fourth walkway mounting part. The fourth walkway mounting part is arranged between the front leg mounting part 221 and the rear leg mounting part 222 on the right. A plurality of batteries 31 of the battery module 3 are respectively installed on the first walkway mounting part, the second walkway mounting part, the third walkway mounting part and the fourth walkway mounting part. The plurality of batteries 31 may be one or more.

[0055] In some specific implementations, in order to be able to stably and reliably install the battery module 3, such as Figure 5 As shown, the platform mounting portion can be arranged on the accessory frame 22 and form a mounting frame for loading the battery 31 of the battery module 3. The structure of the mounting frame can be various, for example, it can include a bottom frame that can carry the battery module 3 upward and a side frame that limits the battery module 3 on the side, and the modular wire harness 32 can be inserted into the mounting frame.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, some batteries of the battery module 3 can also be laid on the peripheral side of the chassis 2, so that the layout area of ​​the battery module 3 can be further increased, and the heat dissipation of the battery can be facilitated. However, due to the limitation of the width of the vehicle body, when the battery is installed on the peripheral side of the chassis 2, it may squeeze the original installation space of other components on the chassis 2, affecting the normal layout of other components. In addition, when the battery is installed on the peripheral side of the chassis 2, when the chassis 2 is scratched, the battery is easily damaged, reducing the safety and reliability of the vehicle structure.

[0057] Comparatively, since the size restrictions of the chassis 2 in the upward direction are relatively few, when the battery is installed on the platform installation part on the top of the chassis 2, it will not affect the normal layout of other components, and the impact on the normal layout of other components is minimal, and the optimization and upgrade cost is relatively low. In addition, the battery is set on the platform installation part on the top of the chassis 2, and the battery will not be damaged when the chassis 2 is scratched, which is safer and more reliable.

[0058] The present application also provides an engineering machinery, which includes the above-mentioned vehicle chassis. Since the engineering machinery includes the above-mentioned vehicle chassis, it also has all the technical effects brought by the vehicle chassis, so it will not be repeated. The engineering machinery can be other working machinery such as crane machinery, pump truck, aerial work vehicle, fire truck, boom-type working robot, etc. Crane machinery can include truck crane, truck-mounted crane, crawler crane, tire crane, etc.

[0059] Alternatively, if Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the construction machinery is a crane machinery and also includes a working device 1 arranged on the vehicle chassis, and the working device 1 is provided with a battery receiving portion 4 for accommodating batteries at the rear end in the longitudinal direction. The battery receiving portion 4 may be a frame or a box, etc., and the frame may be provided with a carrying space for carrying batteries, and the box may be provided with a cavity for accommodating batteries. In this way, the total battery capacity of the vehicle chassis can be further increased, so that the cruising range and operation time of the construction machinery are greatly improved, and the needs of customers can be better met. In addition, the battery receiving portion 4 is arranged at the rear end of the working device 1, which will not interfere with other components, will not affect the normal layout of other components, and can also make the heat dissipation performance of the battery better, and it is easier to repair and replace the battery. Among them, the working device 1 can be a lifting device, an excavating device or a pumping device, etc.

[0060] In addition, when several batteries of the battery module 3 are arranged in the battery receiving portion 4, the weight of the rear end of the working device 1 increases, so that the battery and the battery receiving portion 4 can also serve as the counterweight component of the working device 1, playing the role of the counterweight. It can be seen that when the battery is arranged in the battery receiving portion 4 at the rear end of the working device 1, the battery can meet the power supply demand and the counterweight demand of the working device 1, thereby reducing the production cost of the counterweight and the space occupied by the battery in the chassis, and also reducing the weight of the chassis, making the overall layout more reasonable.

[0061] Alternatively, if Figure 6 As shown, the battery accommodating portion 4 is a box structure, and a mounting frame 41 may be provided in the battery accommodating portion 4, and multiple batteries may be installed in the battery accommodating portion 4 through the mounting frame 41. Alternatively, the battery may also be directly accommodated in the box cavity of the battery accommodating portion 4, and these structural forms should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0062] It should be noted that the structural principles of components such as the working device 1, chassis 2 and battery module 3 are well known to those skilled in the art and do not belong to the core improvement part of the present application, so they will not be repeated here.

[0063] In summary, the operating machinery and vehicle chassis of the present application utilize the characteristics of each functional module to flexibly disperse the batteries. The batteries also serve as a walkway and can also be arranged at the rear end of the working device 1. The battery also serves as a walkway, the layout area is increased, the total capacity of the battery is greatly improved, the cruising range and the operating time are greatly improved, and the needs of customers can be better met; and the battery heat dissipation area can be increased, the battery heat dissipation system in battery management and the high-cost aluminum alloy walkway can be omitted, saving social resource consumption. In addition, the battery can be modularly combined to form a standardized module with a regular shape, which makes full use of the space of the crane and has a compact layout of the whole machine. In addition, the battery maintenance is also very convenient, and a battery can be directly replaced if there is a problem.

[0064] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle chassis, characterized in that: include: A chassis (2), wherein a platform mounting portion is provided on the top of the chassis (2); A battery module (3) is mounted on the platform mounting portion and has a shell top surface serving as a platform plate.

2. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module (3) comprises a plurality of batteries (31), and the plurality of batteries (31) are installed flat on the platform installation portion.

3. The vehicle chassis according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the batteries (31) are connected in series and / or in parallel via a modular wiring harness.

4. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery (31) of the battery module (3) has a battery housing, and the top surface of the battery housing serves as the housing top surface.

5. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery (31) of the battery module (3) is detachably connected to the platform mounting portion.

6. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the shell is provided with an anti-slip structure.

7. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (2) comprises: Frame body (21); An accessory frame (22) is arranged on the frame body (21) and has a front leg mounting portion (221) and a rear leg mounting portion (222) arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, a plurality of batteries (31) of the battery module (3) are arranged in front of the front leg mounting portion (221) in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of batteries (31) of the battery module (3) are arranged in between the front leg mounting portion (221) and the rear leg mounting portion (222) in the longitudinal direction.

8. The vehicle chassis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The platform mounting portion is arranged on the accessory frame (22) and forms a mounting frame for loading the battery (31) of the battery module (3).

9. The vehicle chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walkway mounting portion comprises a left walkway mounting portion and a right walkway mounting portion which are arranged in a transverse direction, and a plurality of batteries (31) of the battery module (3) are separately mounted on the left walkway mounting portion and the right walkway mounting portion.

10. An engineering machine, characterized in that: Comprising a vehicle chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The construction machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The engineering machinery is a crane machine and further comprises a working device (1) arranged on the vehicle chassis, wherein a battery receiving portion (4) for receiving a battery is provided at a rear end of the working device in the longitudinal direction.

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