Heat-preservation pressure forming method and device for high-solid-content melt-cast explosives
By using insulation and pressurization molding methods and devices during the charging process of high-solid content melt cast explosives, the explosives are accurately heated and pressurized, and the problem of loading defects is solved and the charging quality and explosive performance are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510073516.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
High solid content melt-cast explosives are prone to charge defects during the charging process, such as crude crystals, pores, shrinkage holes and cracks, resulting in reduced charge quality and poor explosive performance.
The thermal insulation and pressurization molding method and device are used to accurately heat and pressurize the melted explosives. Through the combination of mold parts, pressurization mechanisms and heating insulation parts, the explosives maintain appropriate temperature and pressure during the charge process, thereby avoiding the occurrence of defects.
High-quality molding of high-solid content melt-cast explosives is achieved, which avoids the occurrence of charge defects, improves the density and density of charges, and enhances explosive performance and safety performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN119798014A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of explosive charging, and in particular relates to a heat preservation and pressure forming method and a device for a high solid phase particle melt casting explosive in a pressure forming process. Background Art
[0002] Melt-cast explosives are low-cost, have good molding performance, and have a high degree of automation. They have an irreplaceable position in military mixed explosives, among which TNT-based melt-cast explosives are used in military mixed explosives in an amount of more than 90%. However, due to the nature of the matrix of melt-cast explosives, the solidification process of the charge is accompanied by changes in physical state, heat, and volume. In the process of the carrier explosive cooling and solidifying from liquid to solid, the volume of the carrier explosive shrinks, which will produce coarse crystals, pores, shrinkage holes, and cracks inside the charge column. When the content of solid phase particles in the mixed explosive is high, the viscosity of the molten explosive system will increase sharply, exceeding the viscosity requirements of conventional melt-cast explosive casting, which not only increases the difficulty of the charge process, but also further increases the generation of charge defects, ultimately affecting the explosive performance and safety performance of the ammunition charge.
[0003] In order to solve the problem that high-solid-content and high-viscosity explosives are prone to charging defects during charging, the more appropriate solution at present is to use a heat-insulating pressure molding process, that is, after the explosives are injected into the mold or shell, a certain pressure is applied to the surface of the charge, and the charge is heated and insulated at the same time, so as to obtain a relatively dense high-solid-content melt-cast explosive charge without defects such as shrinkage holes, pores, and cracks.
[0004] At present, the devices for pressurizing and molding molten explosives have not been applied, and most of them are designed and manufactured by laboratory personnel and are only used for laboratory exploration and research. Most of these heat preservation and pressurization devices use water bath heating and heat preservation, and the temperature control is not accurate enough; air or liquid is used for pressurization, and the safety of the device is difficult to guarantee; the equipment is large in size and the system is complex, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a heat-insulating pressurized molding method and device for high-solid content molten-cast explosives, which can accurately control the temperature of the molten-cast explosive materials and pressurize the molten-cast explosive materials in a safer way. The operation is simple, the overall device is small in size, and it is easy to use, avoiding the occurrence of charging defects, thereby ensuring the charging quality and improving the explosion performance and safety performance.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions: A heat preservation and pressure molding method for high solid content melt-cast explosives, comprising the following parts: A mold component with an upper opening is provided, the double-opening mold and the mold base are connected by fixing screws, and the outer wall of the double-opening mold is wrapped with an insulating heat-conducting layer; A heating and heat-insulating component is provided, wherein a heating belt and a heat-insulating layer are embedded in a bottom shell from inside to outside, and a temperature sensor is built in the heating belt. According to the temperature value of the temperature sensor, a temperature controller adjusts the power of the heating belt to control the temperature. The heating and heat-insulating component is mounted on the mold component from bottom to top to preheat the mold component, and after the temperature is stabilized, the explosive in a molten state is injected into the mold component; A pressurizing mechanism with a pressurizing punch is provided and installed on the mold component. The electric push rod pushes the compression spring to drive the pressurizing punch to vertically pressurize the explosive in the mold component and stops pressurizing after maintaining it for a period of time. The pressurizing mechanism and the heating and heat-insulating components are closed and removed, the fixing screws are loosened, and the double molds are separated to demould and take out the explosive column.
[0007] The invention also provides a heat preservation and pressure molding device for high solid content melt casting explosive, comprising a mold component, a pressure mechanism and a heating and heat preservation component.
[0008] The mold components include a mold body and an insulating heat-conducting layer; the mold body includes a double-opening mold, a mold base and fixing screws, the mold base is grooved, the double-opening mold is inserted into the groove of the mold base and is fastened and sealed with fixing screws to form a mold with an openable cavity in the upper opening to prevent the material from being squeezed out when pressurized; the insulating heat-conducting layer is wrapped and covered on the outside of the double-opening mold.
[0009] The pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing top plate, a connecting screw, a mold clamping ring, an electric push rod controller, and an electric push rod, a first connecting seat, a compression spring, a second connecting seat and a pressurizing punch connected in sequence. The electric push rod controller is used to control the electric push rod. The electric push rod is connected to the bottom of the pressurizing top plate. The mold clamping ring and the pressurizing top plate are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the connecting screw. The mold clamping ring is detachably connected to the double-opening mold. Under the action of the electric push rod, the pressurizing punch can pass through the mold clamping ring and extend into the double-opening mold.
[0010] The heating and heat-insulating component includes an outer shell, an insulation layer, a heating belt, a temperature controller and a temperature sensor. The outer shell is a cylindrical body with a bottom, which is wrapped around the mold component from bottom to top. The insulation layer and the heating belt are embedded in the outer shell from outside to inside. The temperature sensor is embedded in the heating belt and is used to detect the temperature of the heating belt. The temperature controller is used to adjust the heating power of the heating belt to adjust the heating temperature.
[0011] Preferably, the double-opening mold is a split mold.
[0012] Preferably, the insulating heat-conductive layer is wrapped and covered on the outside of the double-open mold by a silicone adhesive, and is used to conduct heat and also to provide insulation. The insulating heat-conductive layer does not affect the separation and combination of the double-open mold.
[0013] Preferably, the mold clamping ring is sleeved on the upper part of the mold body and positioned by a latch.
[0014] Preferably, the mold clamping ring is provided with a positioning hole, the mold main body is provided with a socket corresponding to the positioning hole, and the mold clamping ring is provided with a latch, which is inserted into the socket via the positioning hole to achieve a detachable connection between the mold clamping ring and the mold main body.
[0015] Preferably, three connecting screws are used, and the mold clamping ring and the pressure top plate are fastened to the two ends of the connecting screws by nuts respectively to form an integral component.
[0016] Preferably, the electric push rod is connected to the pressurized top plate by threads.
[0017] Preferably, the first connecting seat is connected to the working end surface of the electric push rod by threaded connection.
[0018] Preferably, the first connecting seat, the compression spring, the second connecting seat and the pressurizing punch are connected by bonding using AB glue.
[0019] Preferably, the heating and heat preservation component also includes a PLC controller, the input end of the PLC controller is connected to the temperature sensor, the output end of the PLC control is connected to the temperature controller, and the PLC controller adjusts the heating power of the heating belt in real time according to the temperature data of the temperature sensor, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the temperature.
[0020] Preferably, the insulation layer is made of insulation cotton to isolate the external temperature and keep the internal temperature stable.
[0021] Specifically, when using the device to cast explosives, the pressurizing mechanism and the mold components are first separated, and a suitable insulation temperature is set by the temperature controller. After the temperature display of the temperature sensor is stable, the mixed explosive is poured into the mold body.
[0022] Then quickly assemble the pressurizing mechanism and the mold components, start the electric push rod, use the electric push rod controller to control the extension and retraction of the electric push rod, control the extension of the electric push rod, and the first connecting seat, compression spring, second connecting seat and pressurizing punch move downward accordingly. When the pressurizing punch contacts the explosive surface of the mold body, the electric push rod continues to extend and continues to compress the compression spring. The applied pressure is controlled by adjusting the degree of compression of the compression spring.
[0023] According to the process parameters of the heat preservation and pressure forming process, heat preservation and pressure maintenance are carried out for a period of time, and then the electric push rod is controlled to retract, the pressurization and heat preservation are stopped, the electric push rod and the heating belt are turned off, the pressurization mechanism and the mold components are separated, the fixing screws are loosened, the double-opening mold is separated from the mold body, the double-opening mold is demolded separately, and the formed medicine column is taken out.
[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a pressurizing mechanism, and uses an electrically driven compression spring to drive a pressurizing punch to pressurize and mold the explosive in the mold component, so the pressurization method is safer. By providing a heating and heat-insulating component, the heating temperature of the mold component is accurately controlled to avoid the occurrence of charging defects, thereby ensuring the charging quality and improving the explosion performance and safety performance.
[0025] The heat-insulating pressurizing molding device provided by the present invention has a small overall volume, a simple structure, simple operation, and is convenient to use.
[0026] By adopting the above scheme, the present invention can accurately control the temperature of the molten-cast explosive material, pressurize the molten-cast explosive material in a safer way, is simple to operate, the overall device is small in size, and is easy to use, thereby avoiding the occurrence of charging defects, thereby ensuring the charging quality and improving the explosion performance and safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the first embodiment.
[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressurizing mechanism in the first embodiment.
[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mold component in the first embodiment.
[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating and heat preservation component in the first embodiment.
[0032] Figure 5 This is an appearance diagram of the paraffin pill column obtained in the third embodiment.
[0033] Figure 6 It is an appearance diagram of the molten-cast charge column obtained in the fourth embodiment.
[0034] Figure 7 The cut-out internal view of the fused-cast charge column obtained in the fourth embodiment In the figure, 1-connecting screw, 2-pressurized top plate, 3-electric push rod, 4-electric push rod controller, 5-first connecting seat, 6-compression spring, 7-second connecting seat, 8-pressurized punch, 9-mold clamping ring, 10-positioning hole, 11-temperature controller, 12-insulating heat conductive layer, 13-temperature sensor, 14-housing, 15-insulating layer, 16-mold body, 17-heating belt, 18-fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.
[0037] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0039] First embodiment: like Figure 1 As shown, a heat preservation and pressure molding device for high-solid content molten-cast explosives includes a mold component, a pressure mechanism and a heating and heat preservation component.
[0040] like Figure 3As shown, the mold components include a mold body 16 and an insulating heat-conducting layer 12; the mold body 16 includes a double-open mold, a mold base and fixing screws 18, the mold base is grooved, the double-open mold is inserted into the groove of the mold base and is fastened and sealed with fixing screws 18 to form a mold with an openable inner cavity in the upper opening to prevent the material from being squeezed out when pressurized; the insulating heat-conducting layer 12 is wrapped and covered on the outside of the double-open mold.
[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing top plate 2, a connecting screw 1, a mold clamping ring 9, an electric push rod controller 4, and an electric push rod 3, a first connecting seat 5, a compression spring 6, a second connecting seat 7 and a pressurizing punch 8 connected in sequence. The electric push rod controller 4 is used to control the electric push rod 3. The electric push rod 3 is connected to the bottom of the pressurizing top plate 2. The mold clamping ring 9 and the pressurizing top plate 2 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the connecting screw 1. The mold clamping ring 9 is detachably connected to the double-opening mold. Under the action of the electric push rod 3, the pressurizing punch 8 can pass through the mold clamping ring 9 and extend into the double-opening mold.
[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the heating and heat-insulating component includes an outer shell 14, an insulation layer 15, a heating belt 17, a temperature controller 11 and a temperature sensor 13. The outer shell 14 is a cylindrical body with a bottom, which is wrapped on the mold component from bottom to top. The insulation layer 15 and the heating belt 17 are embedded in the outer shell 14 from the outside to the inside. The temperature sensor 13 is embedded in the heating belt 17 to detect the temperature of the heating belt 17. The temperature controller 11 is used to adjust the heating power of the heating belt 17 to adjust the heating temperature.
[0043] The double-opening mold is a split mold.
[0044] The insulating heat-conducting layer 12 is wrapped and covered on the outside of the double-open mold by a silicone adhesive, and is used to conduct heat and also to provide insulation. The insulating heat-conducting layer 12 does not affect the separation and combination of the double-open mold.
[0045] The mold clamping ring 9 is sleeved on the upper part of the mold body 16 and positioned by a latch.
[0046] The mold clamp ring 9 is provided with a positioning hole 10, the mold body 16 is provided with a socket corresponding to the positioning hole 10, and the mold clamp ring 9 is provided with a latch, which is inserted into the socket through the positioning hole 10 to achieve a detachable connection between the mold clamp ring 9 and the mold body 16.
[0047] The connecting screws 1 are three in number, and the mold clamping ring 9 and the pressurizing top plate 2 are respectively fastened to the two ends of the connecting screws 1 by nuts to form an integral component.
[0048] The electric push rod 3 is connected to the pressurized top plate 2 by threads.
[0049] The first connecting seat 5 is connected to the working end surface of the electric push rod 3 by threading.
[0050] The first connecting seat 7, the compression spring 6, the second connecting seat 7 and the pressurizing punch 8 are connected by bonding, using AB glue.
[0051] The heating and heat preservation component also includes a PLC controller, the input end of the PLC controller is connected to the temperature sensor 13, and the output end of the PLC controller is connected to the temperature controller 11. The PLC controller adjusts the heating power of the heating belt 17 in real time according to the temperature data of the temperature sensor 13, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the temperature.
[0052] The heat-insulating layer 15 is made of heat-insulating cotton material to isolate the external temperature and keep the internal temperature stable.
[0053] Second embodiment: A heat preservation and pressure molding method for high solid content melt-cast explosives, comprising the following parts: A mold component with an upper opening is provided, the double-opening mold and the mold base are connected by fixing screws, and the outer wall of the double-opening mold is wrapped with an insulating heat-conducting layer; A heating and heat-insulating component is provided, wherein a heating belt and a heat-insulating layer are embedded in a bottom shell from inside to outside, and a temperature sensor is built in the heating belt. According to the temperature value of the temperature sensor, a temperature controller adjusts the power of the heating belt to control the temperature. The heating and heat-insulating component is mounted on the mold component from bottom to top to preheat the mold component, and after the temperature is stabilized, the explosive in a molten state is injected into the mold component; A pressurizing mechanism with a pressurizing punch is provided and installed on the mold component. The electric push rod pushes the compression spring to drive the pressurizing punch to vertically pressurize the explosive in the mold component and stops pressurizing after maintaining it for a period of time. The pressurizing mechanism and the heating and heat-insulating components are closed and removed, the fixing screws are loosened, and the double molds are separated to demould and take out the explosive column.
[0054] Third embodiment: Start the heating and insulation component in advance, stabilize the temperature at 50°C, place the mold component in the heating and insulation component, and separate the mold component from the pressurizing mechanism. Then pour the molten paraffin into the mold component, assemble the pressurizing mechanism and the mold component together, start the electric push rod, and use the electric push rod controller to control the extension and retraction of the electric push rod. The electric push rod is controlled to extend, and the first connecting seat, compression spring, second connecting seat and pressurizing punch move downward accordingly. When the pressurizing punch contacts the paraffin surface of the mold body, the electric push rod continues to extend and continues to compress the compression spring. The applied pressure is controlled by adjusting the degree of compression of the compression spring, and the pressure is maintained for 20 minutes.
[0055] Then control the electric push rod to retract, stop pressurization and heat preservation, turn off the electric push rod and heating belt, separate the pressurization mechanism and mold parts, loosen the fixing screws, separate the double mold from the mold body, separate the double mold, demould, and take out the formed paraffin pill column. Figure 5 As shown, there are no defects such as pores and cracks, and the appearance is good.
[0056] Fourth embodiment: Start the heating and insulation component in advance, stabilize the temperature at 75-80℃, the mold component is in the heating and insulation component, the mold component and the pressurizing mechanism are in a separated state, and then pour the evenly mixed molten casting slurry into the mold component, assemble the pressurizing mechanism and the mold component together, start the electric push rod, and use the electric push rod controller to control the extension and retraction of the electric push rod. Control the extension of the electric push rod, and the first connecting seat, compression spring, second connecting seat and pressurizing punch move downward accordingly. When the pressurizing punch contacts the paraffin surface of the mold body, the electric push rod continues to extend and continues to compress the compression spring. The applied pressure is controlled by adjusting the compression degree of the compression spring, and the pressure is maintained for 1.5 hours.
[0057] Then control the electric push rod to retract, stop pressurization and heat preservation, turn off the electric push rod and heating belt, separate the pressurization mechanism and mold components, loosen the fixing screws, separate the double-opening mold from the mold body, separate the double-opening mold, demold, and take out the formed molten-casting column. Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the interior is dense and has no defects such as shrinkage holes, pores, and cracks.
[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heat preservation and pressure molding method for high solid content melt-cast explosive, characterized in that: include: A mold component with an upper opening is provided, the double-opening mold and the mold base are connected by fixing screws, and the outer wall of the double-opening mold is wrapped with an insulating heat-conducting layer; A heating and heat-insulating component is provided, wherein a heating belt and a heat-insulating layer are embedded in a bottom shell from inside to outside, and a temperature sensor is built in the heating belt. According to the temperature value of the temperature sensor, a temperature controller adjusts the power of the heating belt to control the temperature. The heating and heat-insulating component is mounted on the mold component from bottom to top to preheat the mold component, and after the temperature is stabilized, the explosive in a molten state is injected into the mold component; A pressurizing mechanism with a pressurizing punch is provided and installed on the mold component. The electric push rod pushes the compression spring to drive the pressurizing punch to vertically pressurize the explosive in the mold component and stops pressurizing after maintaining it for a period of time. The pressurizing mechanism and the heating and heat-insulating components are closed and removed, the fixing screws are loosened, and the double molds are separated to demould and take out the explosive column.
2. A heat preservation and pressure molding device suitable for the heat preservation and pressure molding method for high solid content melt-cast explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a mold part, a pressurizing mechanism and a heating and heat-insulating part; the mold part includes a mold body and an insulating heat-conducting layer; the mold body includes a double-open mold, a mold base and fixing screws, the mold base is grooved, the double-open mold is inserted into the groove of the mold base and is fastened and sealed with fixing screws, and the insulating heat-conducting layer is wrapped and covered outside the double-open mold; the pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing top plate, a connecting screw, a mold clamping ring, an electric push rod controller, and an electric push rod, a first connecting seat, a compression spring, a second connecting seat and a pressurizing punch connected in sequence, the The electric push rod controller controls the electric push rod, the electric push rod is connected to the bottom of the pressurized top plate, the mold clamping ring and the pressurized top plate are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the connecting screw, and the mold clamping ring is detachably connected to the double-opening mold; the heating and heat-insulating component includes an outer shell, an insulation layer, a heating belt, a temperature controller and a temperature sensor, the outer shell is a bottomed cylindrical body, which wraps the mold component from bottom to top, the insulation layer and the heating belt are embedded in the outer shell from the inside to the outside, the temperature sensor is embedded in the heating belt, and the temperature controller adjusts the heating power of the heating belt.
3. The heat preservation and pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating heat-conducting layer is wrapped and covered outside the double-opening mold by a silicone adhesive.
4. The heat preservation and pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mold clamping ring is sleeved on the upper part of the mold body and positioned by a latch.
5. The heat preservation and pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting seat, the compression spring, the second connecting seat and the pressurizing punch are connected by bonding using AB glue.
6. The heat preservation and pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating and heat preservation component also includes a PLC controller, the input end of the PLC controller is connected to the temperature sensor, and the output end of the PLC control is connected to the temperature controller.
7. The heat preservation and pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is made of thermal insulation cotton.