Biomimetic scale fabric and weaving method, composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a bionic scale fabric and a weaving method, a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bionic textile materials. The bionic scale composite material comprises a bionic scale fabric, a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer. The first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of a body unit of the bionic scale fabric, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of a bionic scale unit of the bionic scale fabric. The bionic scale composite material can improve the high-speed impact resistance, the foldability, the wearing comfort and the flexibility of the bionic scale composite material, provides a new idea and direction for the structural innovation and product development of the scale-shaped fabric, and has wide technical prospects and market application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bionic textile materials, and in particular relates to a bionic scale fabric and a weaving method, a composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the most commonly used personal protective equipment, bulletproof vests have been a research hotspot since their introduction. They are primarily categorized into hard and soft materials. Soft material bulletproof vests are popular for their soft texture and comfort. To achieve the desired protective effect, soft material bulletproof vests are often made from high-performance fiber materials such as nylon, aromatic polyamide synthetic fibers, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, typically using a non-woven fabric layering method. However, this approach inevitably increases weight, reduces flexibility, and limits the wearer's mobility.

[0003] In nature, organisms like pangolins and fish have been found to possess hard yet flexible scales, inspiring the development of protective equipment. Scales are fabricated from materials such as resin, metal, and ceramics and then attached to substrates through 3D printing, splicing, adhesion, and sewing. However, technical issues such as the difficulty of bending and the ease of detachment during use, as well as the poor bendability of spliced ​​scale materials, create weaknesses in protection, reduce the impact resistance of protective equipment, and create gaps in protection and uncontrollable dimensions.

[0004] Textile materials have advantages such as good structural designability, diverse raw materials, and softness and toughness, making them suitable for special structural protective materials. Scaly textiles can improve impact resistance while fully utilizing the wearable flexibility and comfort of textile materials, effectively reducing the weight of protective equipment. However, current research on scaly textiles is still in-depth, and the structural parameters and preparation processes of scaly textiles are still unclear. In addition, research on the impact performance and failure mechanism of scaly textiles is relatively incomplete. With the development of multidisciplinary cross-integration, the application of scaly textiles in the field of impact protection has a bright future. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a bionic scale fabric and weaving method, as well as a composite material and its preparation method, which aims to partially or completely solve the technical problems in the existing field of protective equipment technology, improve the impact resistance and wearability of the bionic scale fabric, and reduce the weight and number of layers of the bionic scale fabric. To achieve the above objectives, this invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a bionic scale fabric comprises: a main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit, wherein the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit via the connecting unit, and the bionic scale unit can be close to or away from the main body unit. Along a second direction, the bionic scale unit comprises N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows. Along the second direction, the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th On a bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are arranged alternately, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0007] Optionally, the raw materials of the bionic scale fabric include yarn, the material of the yarn includes but is not limited to one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber, and the diameter range of the yarn is: 200D-2000D; the bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer needle structure.

[0008] Optionally, along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same, the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same, the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main unit has a rectangular or square structure.

[0009] In a second aspect, a method for weaving a bionic scale fabric is provided, for preparing a bionic scale fabric as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising:

[0010] Step S100: weaving part of the main body unit to weave the i-th row of the second bionic scale unit; or weaving part of the main body unit to weave the i-th or i+1-th row of the first bionic scale unit;

[0011] Step S200: After the i-th second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the i-th or i+1-th first bionic scale unit row; or, after the i-th or i+1-th first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the i-th second bionic scale unit row;

[0012] Step S300: Repeating steps S100 and S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

[0013] In a third aspect, a bionic scale composite material is provided, which adopts the bionic scale fabric described in any one of the first aspects above, including: a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit. The material of the first flexible material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening material, and the material of the second hard material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material is provided, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric;

[0016] Step S20 includes: forming a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit; and forming a second hard material layer at least partially on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0017] Optionally, in step S10, the bionic scale fabric is woven using the bionic scale fabric weaving method described in the second aspect.

[0018] Optionally, step S20 includes:

[0019] Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit, so that the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit;

[0020] Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) In the present invention, high-performance fibers are used for preparation, and the problem of high-performance yarns not being smoothly woven by machines is overcome by optimizing and adjusting the weaving process. The bionic scale fabric is designed in a flexible arrangement mode, and the density, size, unit area weight, size of the scale sub-units, etc. of the bionic scale fabric can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving a balance between mechanical properties, flexibility, fit and multifunctional adaptability, and being able to meet high-performance requirements under different environments and needs, and having broad application prospects.

[0023] (2) In the present application, by combining the bionic scale unit with the composite material layer, different from the reinforcement treatment method of the planar structure, the two material layers are combined with the bionic scale fabric structure. Structurally, the ingenious connection between the bionic scale unit and the main body unit and the arrangement of the scales, combined with the flexibility of the first flexible material layer and the rigidity of the second hard material layer, enable the bionic scale composite material to enhance the high-speed impact resistance while greatly improving the bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility of the fabric; in terms of protective performance, when subjected to external force impact, the hard scale layer can disperse and resist the impact force, and the flexible main body layer can buffer the remaining energy and avoid damage caused by local stress concentration; in terms of appearance, it can have the texture and decorativeness of bionic scales, and can meet the actual needs of comfort and adaptability. It can be widely used in many fields such as fashion apparel, high-performance sports equipment, military protection, building material decoration, etc., providing new ideas and directions for the structural innovation and product development of scaly fabrics, and has broad technical prospects and market application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic scale fabric applied for by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic scale fabric applied for by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main unit of the present invention connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structure of the main unit of the present invention connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a bionic scale fabric weaving method according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the weaving method of the main body unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the weaving method of the bionic scale unit applied for in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the needle transfer operation of the connecting unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material applied for by the present invention.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Numerical ranges include the values ​​of the endpoints (for example, the numerical range of 60-70 is understood to include the endpoint values ​​60 and 70). In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in the first aspect, a bionic scale fabric comprises: a main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit, the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit, the bionic scale unit can be close to or away from the main body unit, along the second direction, the bionic scale unit comprises N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, along the second direction, the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th On the first bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are arranged alternately, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0038] In some examples, the first direction may be the X direction, that is, the arrangement direction of P first bionic scale sub-units or the arrangement direction of Q second bionic scale sub-units; the second direction may be the Y direction, that is, the arrangement direction of N first bionic scale unit rows or the arrangement direction of M second bionic scale unit rows; the third direction may be the Z direction; the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect with each other; the third direction Z may be a direction perpendicular to a plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y, that is, the thickness direction of the bionic scale fabric.

[0039] In the present application, it should be understood that the bionic scale fabric 10 draws on the unique arrangement of scale structures in nature. The distribution of the bionic scale units along the second direction includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows. The overlapping design realizes the complementary coverage between the upper and lower scale units. Specifically, the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th first bionic scale unit row. This upper and lower overlapping layout structure design not only enhances the overall stability of the bionic scale fabric, but also improves the tensile strength of the bionic scale fabric. The alternating overlapping arrangement can effectively disperse the external force and has good impact protection and mechanical properties.

[0040] In the present application, it should also be understood that the first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units 100 arranged in sequence, and the second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units 200. Along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, ensuring a higher coverage rate of the scale units and a tighter arrangement of the overall structure. By setting P = Q + 1 (where P and Q are positive integers), the bionic scale fabric achieves a high degree of structural uniformity while improving the protective ability or impact resistance during use.

[0041] In this application, it should also be understood that the bionic scale fabric can demonstrate unique advantages in different scenarios. The bionic scale sub-units can be close to the main unit or away from the main unit 300, with the angle between the two relative to the fish hole ranging from 0 degrees to 180 degrees. When close to the main unit, the bionic scale unit can provide tight coverage, improving protection and thermal insulation. When away from the main unit, the fabric structure can demonstrate good ventilation and heat dissipation, thus adapting to complex and changing usage needs. This flexibility in function switching gives it broad application potential in the fields of smart clothing, sports equipment, and protective materials.

[0042] Therefore, in the bionic scale fabric applied for in the present invention, the bionic scale fabric is designed through a flexible arrangement method, and the density, size, unit area weight, size of the scale sub-units, etc. of the bionic scale fabric can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving a balance between mechanical properties, flexibility, fit and multifunctional adaptability, and can meet high performance requirements under different environments and needs, and has broad application prospects.

[0043] Optionally, the raw materials of the bionic scale fabric include yarn, the material of the yarn includes but is not limited to one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber, and the diameter range of the yarn is: 200D-2000D; the bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer needle structure.

[0044] In some embodiments, the raw yarns are made from high-performance materials such as aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber. These fibers exhibit excellent strength, heat resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance. For example, aramid fiber offers excellent high-temperature resistance and impact resistance, UHMWPE fiber possesses extremely high tensile strength and low density, and basalt fiber offers excellent fire and corrosion resistance. Through the appropriate selection of materials, the fabric can meet the demands of extreme environments, such as high-strength protective, fireproofing, and impact-resistant applications.

[0045] In some embodiments, the yarn diameter range is set to 200D-2000D, which not only ensures the fabric has high strength and durability but also maintains good softness and wearability. Finer yarns (such as 200D) are suitable for lightweight fabrics and provide a comfortable touch, while thicker yarns (such as 2000D) enhance the fabric's thickness and structural stability, suitable for higher-strength applications.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bionic scale units utilize a 1+1 ribbed weave, which offers excellent elasticity and a strong three-dimensional effect. This enhances the flexibility and fit of the bionic scale units, allowing them to smoothly adjust their position during movement while providing excellent coverage. The main body unit utilizes a ribbed spacer weave, which offers exceptional strength and support, firmly supporting the bionic scale units and improving the overall durability and impact resistance of the bionic scale fabric.

[0047] Therefore, in the application of the present invention, through the optimized combination of yarn material, diameter range and tissue structure, the 1+1 rib tissue of the bionic scale unit and the rib spacer tissue of the main body unit cooperate with each other, thereby improving the dynamic adjustment ability and adaptability of the bionic scale fabric. The bionic scale fabric achieves a balance in many aspects such as strength, elasticity, flexibility and breathability, meets the various needs of protective equipment, and has good practical value.

[0048] Optionally, along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same, the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same, the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main unit has a rectangular or square structure.

[0049] In the present application, firstly, the heights of the first bionic scale sub-unit and the second bionic scale sub-unit are not exactly the same, that is, the heights of the independent first bionic scale sub-unit and the second bionic scale sub-unit can be designed according to actual needs, and bionic scale fabrics with different overlapping layer heights can also be obtained, thereby enhancing the structural flexibility of the bionic scale fabric; in addition, the first arc portion 101, the first scale main body portion 102 and the first scale tail portion 103 are connected as one, and the second arc portion 201, the second scale main body portion 202 and the second scale tail portion 203 are connected as one. The first arc portion 101 and the second arc portion 201 simulate the bending characteristics of natural scales, which helps to disperse external pressure, reduce impact, and enhance the protective ability of the fabric. While reducing the impact force, it avoids local pressure concentration and improves the protective effect; in addition, the main body unit adopts a rectangular or square structure, which not only makes the fabric easier to manufacture, but also improves the tensile strength and overall stability of the fabric, thereby extending the service life and having excellent wear resistance and durability.

[0050] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, in the second aspect, a method for weaving a bionic scale fabric, weaving a bionic scale fabric as described in any one of the first aspects above, comprises the following steps:

[0051] It should be noted that the method for weaving a bionic scale fabric applied for in the present invention, which weaves any bionic scale fabric described in the first aspect, correspondingly also includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of any bionic scale fabric described in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here in the present invention application.

[0052] Step S100: weaving a portion of the main body unit to weave the Mth row of the second bionic scale unit; or weaving a portion of the main body unit to weave the Nth row of the first bionic scale unit;

[0053] Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row; or, after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the Mth second bionic scale unit row;

[0054] Take step S100: weaving the body unit portion, weaving the Mth second bionic scale unit row; step S200: after the Mth second bionic scale unit row is weaved, continuing to weave the body unit portion, weaving the Nth first bionic scale unit row, and satisfying N=M as an example:

[0055] Step S100: weaving a portion of the main body unit, weaving the Mth row of second bionic scale units;

[0056] Specifically, step S100 includes:

[0057] Step S101: Select aramid filament as the yarn, draw the structure of the main unit on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle-bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, set the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles parameters of the double-needle-bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles parameters are: use one yarn mouth to guide the yarn, select 77 for mesh, adjust the tension with a side spring, select 10cm / s-100cm / s for the machine head swing speed, preferably 25cm / s, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per cycle, and 4 cycles are set. The yarn is woven into loops in sequence on the front and rear needle beds to form a woven main unit; for example, 800D aramid filament can be used.

[0058] Step S102: After weaving the main body unit, use the needle transfer action to move the weaving yarn originally on the front needle bed to the rear needle bed for weaving, and the yarn originally woven on the rear needle bed to the front needle bed for weaving. In order to realize the weaving of the Mth second bionic scale unit row on the main body unit surface, the above needle transfer action is required to provide weaving space for the Mth second bionic scale unit row and smoothly connect the Mth second bionic scale unit row with the woven main body unit part. After the weaving of the Mth second bionic scale unit row is completed, the Mth second bionic scale unit row can move freely. Set the mesh and cycle number parameters of the double needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine to mesh selection 55, the minimum number of knitting rows is 4 rows per cycle, and set 1 cycle.

[0059] Step S103: Aramid filament is selected as the yarn, and the structure of the bionic scale unit is drawn on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle-bed high-speed computerized flat knitting machine, and at least the yarn feeder, mesh, tension, and number of loop parameters are set; the yarn feeder, mesh, tension, and number of loop parameters are as follows: another yarn feeder is used to guide the yarn. Since the scale part is relatively complex, multiple meshes are required. The mesh is selected as 60 for the first two rows, and the tension is adjusted using a side spring. The minimum number of knitting rows is 2 rows per loop, and 1 loop is set; the next row is used for transition, the mesh is selected as 75, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per loop, and 1 loop is set. For example, 600D aramid filament can be used;

[0060] Step S104: weaving the first second bionic scale sub-unit, weaving the second second bionic scale sub-unit, ..., weaving the Qth second bionic scale sub-unit; the weaving of each second bionic scale sub-unit includes: weaving the second arc portion, using 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; weaving the second scale main body, the front needle bed uses 82-degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 4 cycles are set; weaving the second scale tail, the front needle bed uses 82-degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 3 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set, the tension is adjusted by a spring, and the machine head swing speed is selected from 10cm / s to 100cm / s, preferably, 25cm / s, so that along the first direction, the Mth second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence.

[0061] Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the body unit portion and knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row;

[0062] Step S201: Select aramid filament as the yarn, draw the structure of the main unit on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, set the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles parameters of the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles parameters are: use one yarn mouth to guide the yarn, select 77-80 for the mesh, preferably 77, use a side spring to adjust the tension, select 10cm / s-100cm / s for the machine head swing speed, preferably 25cm / s, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per cycle, and 4 cycles are set. The yarn is woven into loops in sequence on the front and rear needle beds to form a woven main unit; for example, 800D aramid filament can be used.

[0063] Step S202: After weaving the main body unit, use the needle transfer action to move the weaving yarn originally on the front needle bed to the rear needle bed for weaving, and the yarn originally woven on the rear needle bed to the front needle bed for weaving. In order to realize the weaving of the Nth first bionic scale unit row on the main body unit surface, the above needle transfer action is required to provide weaving space for the Nth first bionic scale unit row and smoothly connect the Nth first bionic scale unit row with the part of the main body unit that continues to be woven. After the weaving of the Nth first bionic scale unit row is completed, the Nth first bionic scale unit row can move freely. Set the mesh and cycle number parameters of the double needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine to mesh selection 55, the minimum number of knitting rows is 4 rows per cycle, and set 1 cycle.

[0064] Step S203: Aramid filament is selected as the yarn, and the structure of the bionic scale unit is drawn on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle-bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and at least the yarn feeder, mesh, tension, and number of loop parameters are set; the yarn feeder, mesh, tension, and number of loop parameters are as follows: another yarn feeder is occupied to guide the yarn. Since the scale part is relatively complex, multiple meshes are required to cooperate. The mesh of the first two rows is selected to be 60-70, preferably 60, the minimum number of knitting rows is 2 rows per loop, and 1 loop is set; the tension is adjusted using a side spring, and the next row is transitioned. The mesh is selected to be 75, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per loop, and 1 loop is set. For example, 600D aramid filament can be used;

[0065] Step S204: weaving the first first bionic scale sub-unit, weaving the second first bionic scale sub-unit, ..., weaving the Pth first bionic scale sub-unit; the weaving of each first bionic scale sub-unit includes: weaving the first arc-shaped portion, using 75-80 degree mesh, preferably 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; weaving the main body of the first scale, the front needle bed uses 82 degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 4 cycles are set; weaving the tail of the first scale, the front needle bed uses 82 degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 3 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set, the tension is adjusted by a spring, and the machine head swing speed is selected from 10cm / s to 100cm / s, preferably 25cm / s, so that along the first direction, the Nth first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence.

[0066] In other embodiments, step S100: weaving part of the main body unit, weaving the Nth first bionic scale unit row, at this time, the specific content of step S100 can be safely the same as all the contents recorded in step S201, step S202, step S203 and step S204; at the same time, correspondingly, step S200: after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is knitted, weaving part of the main body unit, weaving the Mth second bionic scale unit row, at this time, the specific content of step S200 can be safely the same as all the contents recorded in step S101, step S102, step S103 and step S104, and at this time, N and M satisfy N=M+1;

[0067] Step S300: Repeating steps S100 and S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

[0068] In some embodiments, after multiple repetitions of step S100 and step S200 along the second direction and the first direction, M will be gradually reduced to 1, and N will be gradually reduced to 1. The bionic scale fabric includes: a main body unit, a connecting unit, and a bionic scale unit. The main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit. The bionic scale unit can be close to or away from the main body unit. Along the second direction, the bionic scale unit includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows. Along the second direction, at least the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th The second bionic scale unit rows are at least partially overlapped on the i+1th first bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0069] In a third aspect, a bionic scale composite material is provided, which adopts the bionic scale fabric described in any one of the first aspects above, including: a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit. The material of the first flexible material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening material, and the material of the second hard material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

[0070] It should be noted that the bionic scale composite material applied for in the present invention adopts the bionic scale fabric described in any one of the first aspects above, and accordingly also includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the bionic scale fabric described in any one of the first aspects, which will not be repeated here in the present application.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first flexible material layer includes one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening materials, which can provide good flexibility for the fabric, ensure that the fabric can adapt to various complex shapes and dynamic loads, and has excellent anti-bending and tensile properties.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second hard material layer includes one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder. The hard material layer can enhance the surface hardness of the fabric, provide stronger resistance to external impact and scratches, protect the fabric from damage, and enable the bionic scale composite material to maintain a longer service life in high-impact and high-friction environments.

[0073] In the present application, by combining bionic scale units with composite material layers, different from the reinforcement treatment method of planar structure, the two material layers are combined with the bionic scale fabric structure. Structurally, the ingenious connection between the bionic scale units and the main body units and the arrangement of the scales, combined with the flexibility of the first flexible material layer and the rigidity of the second hard material layer, enable the bionic scale composite material to enhance the high-speed impact resistance while greatly improving the bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility of the fabric; in terms of protective performance, when impacted by external force, the hard scale layer can disperse and resist the impact force, and the flexible main body layer can buffer the remaining energy and avoid damage caused by local stress concentration; in appearance, it can have the texture and decorativeness of bionic scales, and can meet the actual needs of comfort and adaptability. It can be widely used in fashion apparel, high-performance sports equipment, military protection, building material decoration and other fields, providing new ideas and directions for structural innovation and product development of scaly fabrics, and has broad technical prospects and market application potential.

[0074] like Figure 9 As shown, in a fourth aspect, a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material, preparing the bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0075] It should be noted that the method for preparing a bionic flake composite material applied for in the present invention, for preparing a bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, correspondingly also includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of a bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, which will not be repeated here in the present application.

[0076] Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric;

[0077] In the present application, the bionic scale fabric can be woven using the bionic scale fabric weaving method described in the second aspect above, which will not be described in detail in the present application.

[0078] Step S20 includes: forming a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit; and forming a second hard material layer at least partially on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0079] Specifically, step S20 includes:

[0080] Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit, so that the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit;

[0081] In some embodiments, good adhesion between the first flexible material layer and the surface of the main unit can be ensured by coating, dipping, or the like. For example, the main unit of the bionic scale fabric is dipped in a shear thickening liquid to form the first flexible material layer. This process can form a uniform coating on the surface of the main unit, preventing material shedding or uneven coating, thereby improving the overall performance of the fabric.

[0082] In some embodiments, methods such as hot pressing and spraying can help evenly distribute the flexible material layer on the surface, and the heat treatment process can improve the material's strength, wear resistance, and impact resistance. This process can enable the composite material to withstand more external forces and environmental changes during use.

[0083] In some embodiments, surface modification can adjust the surface properties of the flexible material layer, such as improving its hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, thereby imparting multiple functionalities to the fabric. For example, anti-fouling and water-repellent properties can be enhanced through surface modification, thereby increasing the practical application value of the fabric.

[0084] In step S20A of the present invention, by adopting coating and spraying processes, the dependence on complex equipment and high-cost materials in the production process can be reduced. The process is simple and efficient, and the construction of the flexible layer can be completed quickly and evenly, effectively reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. Different coating, impregnation, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification process methods can meet the requirements of different application scenarios. By flexibly adjusting the process parameters, a flexible material layer that meets specific needs can be manufactured, greatly improving the bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility of the fabric, thereby providing customized solutions for different functional fabrics.

[0085] Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0086] In step S20B of the present invention, first, by forming a second hard material layer on the surface of the bionic scale unit, the surface hardness and wear resistance can be significantly improved, which plays an important role in improving the scratch resistance, collision resistance and fatigue resistance of the bionic scale composite material, especially in high-intensity use environments; in addition, the second hard material layer usually has good corrosion resistance, which can protect the bionic scale unit from external chemicals, acid-base environment or other corrosive substances, and can enable the bionic scale composite material to maintain a long service life even in harsh environments; at the same time, the coating or Hot pressing can enhance the structural stability of the bionic scale unit, so that the bionic scale composite material will not be easily deformed when subjected to external force impact. The hard layer can disperse the pressure or impact force applied to the surface of the bionic scale composite material, protecting the bionic scale composite material to maintain its original shape and function; in addition, coating, impregnation, spraying, hot pressing and other methods can be used to precisely control the thickness and uniformity of the hard material layer, and can also provide a certain gloss and surface texture, thereby improving the appearance of the bionic scale composite material, ensuring the uniform distribution and high performance of the second hard material layer, and meeting a wider range of application needs.

[0087] The above description of the present invention and its embodiments is non-limiting. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the inventive purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic scale fabric, comprising: The main body unit, the connecting unit and the bionic scale unit, the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit, the bionic scale unit can be close to the main body unit or away from the main body unit, along the second direction, the bionic scale unit includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, along the second direction, at least the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th first bionic scale unit row. On the unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, and N=M; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer; The raw materials of the bionic scale fabric include yarn, the material of the yarn includes one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber, and the yarn diameter ranges from 200D to 2000D. The bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer structure. Along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same, and the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not exactly the same; the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, and the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, and the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, and the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main unit has a rectangular or square structure.

2. A method for weaving a bionic scale fabric, comprising: Step S100: weaving a portion of the main body unit, weaving the i-th second bionic scale unit row; Or, weaving part of the main body unit, weaving the i-th first bionic scale unit row; Step S200: After the i-th second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the i-th first bionic scale unit row; or, after the i-th first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the main body unit portion to knit the i-th second bionic scale unit row; Step S300: Repeating steps S100 and S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

3. A bionic scale composite material, using the bionic scale fabric according to claim 1, comprising: A first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, wherein the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit. The material of the first flexible material layer includes one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening material, and the material of the second hard material layer includes one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

4. A method for preparing a biomimetic flake composite material, comprising the steps of: Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric; Step S20 includes: forming a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit; and forming a second hard material layer at least partially on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

5. The method for preparing a bionic flake composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S10, the bionic scale fabric is woven using the bionic scale fabric weaving method according to claim 2.

6. The method for preparing a bionic flake composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S20 includes: Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially on the surface of the main body unit, so that the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit; Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

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