Anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabric

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-fuzzing and anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics, and relates to the technical field of textile processes, the anti-fuzzing and anti-pilling grade of the knitted fabrics treated by the process is remarkably improved, the process can make dyes more uniformly and fully permeate and adhere to fibers, the dye uptake is remarkably improved, and the anti-fuzzing and anti-pilling performance of the knitted fabrics is improved. By accurately controlling the parameters of each dyeing and finishing link, the shrinkage rate of the fabric is effectively reduced, the dimensional stability of the fabric is improved, the time and energy consumption in the production process is reduced due to the optimized process parameters, and the defective rate is reduced due to the stable process control, so that the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the product quality is improved. The process is suitable for various common knitted fabrics, such as pure cotton, polyester cotton blending and pure polyester, a unified and effective dyeing and finishing scheme is provided for enterprises to produce different types of knitted products, the market adaptability of the enterprises is enhanced, and the quality indexes of the knitted fabrics in multiple aspects, such as fuzzing and pilling resistance, color effect, shrinkage rate and hand feeling, are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile technology, and more specifically, particularly relates to a knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process. Background Art

[0002] In the modern textile field, knitted fabrics are popular because of their good elasticity, breathability and comfort. However, knitted fabrics are prone to pilling during use and wearing, which greatly affects their appearance quality and service life.

[0003] The traditional dyeing and finishing process of knitted fabrics has many shortcomings in solving the pilling problem. In the pretreatment stage, it is often impossible to effectively remove impurities and grease on the surface of the fabric, which affects the subsequent dyeing and finishing effects. During the dyeing process, due to improper control of parameters such as temperature, pH value, bath ratio, and stirring speed, the dyeing is uneven, the dyeing rate is low, and the color fastness is poor. The anti-pilling finishing effect is not obvious, and an effective protective film cannot be formed on the surface of the fabric. The friction and entanglement between the fibers are still relatively serious. The washing and drying steps also lack precise control, resulting in residual additives and unstable moisture content in the fabric, which affects the feel and dimensional stability.

[0004] In addition, the traditional process has poor adaptability to different types of knitted fabrics (such as pure cotton, polyester-cotton blended, pure polyester, etc.), making it difficult to achieve the ideal anti-pilling effect. At the same time, the production efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, the cost is high, and the product quality is unstable, making it difficult to meet the market's growing demand for high-quality knitted fabrics.

[0005] Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of traditional knitted fabric dyeing and finishing processes, improve the anti-pilling performance of knitted fabrics, optimize the dyeing and finishing effects, and reduce production costs, developing an innovative and efficient knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process has become an urgent problem to be solved in the textile industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process to solve the above problems.

[0007] A knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Pretreatment: Place the knitted fabric in a pretreatment solution and soak it at 45°C for 30 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains 18 g / L sodium carbonate, 5 g / L penetrant JFC, and 8 g / L sodium silicate.

[0009] S2: dyeing: the pretreated knitted fabric is placed in a dye solution, and dyed at a temperature of 95°C for 50 minutes, the dye concentration in the dye solution is 6% (owf), the bath ratio is 1:18, the pH value of the dye solution is 6.5, and the stirring speed is 80 rpm; the dye solution also contains 3 g / L of a leveling agent and 15 g / L of a dye accelerator, sodium sulfate;

[0010] S3: Anti-pilling finishing: put the dyed fabric into the finishing liquid and treat it at 50℃ for 40 minutes. The finishing liquid contains 25g / L of silicone anti-pilling agent and 10g / L of amino silicone softener.

[0011] S4: Washing: The finished fabric is washed at 35°C for 15 minutes; the pH value of the washing liquid is 7.0, and the washing liquid contains 8 g / L of sodium acetate;

[0012] S5: Drying: The washed fabric is dried at a temperature of 85°C for 35 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, in the pretreatment step, the mass ratio of the fabric to the pretreatment liquid is 1:12.

[0014] Preferably, in the dyeing step, the process of heating to 95°C is divided into three stages, the first stage is heating to 60°C at a rate of 3°C / min, the second stage is heating to 80°C at a rate of 2°C / min, and the third stage is heating to 95°C at a rate of 1°C / min.

[0015] Preferably, in the anti-pilling finishing step, the finishing liquid further contains 8 g / L of an antistatic agent.

[0016] Preferably, in the washing step, the mass ratio of the fabric to the washing liquid is 1:10.

[0017] Preferably, in the drying step, the drying speed is calculated according to the following formula: drying speed = (initial weight of fabric - weight of fabric after drying) ÷ drying time, and the drying speed is not less than 12 g / min; during the drying process, the moving speed of the fabric is 0.8 m / min.

[0018] Preferably, in the dyeing step, the dye uptake rate of the dye is calculated according to the following formula: dye uptake rate = (dye solution concentration before dyeing - dye solution concentration after dyeing) ÷ dye solution concentration before dyeing × 100%, and the dye uptake rate is not less than 88%; after dyeing, the residual liquid amount of the dye solution does not exceed 10% of the initial dye solution amount.

[0019] Preferably, the anti-pilling performance of the fabric after the anti-pilling finishing step is calculated according to the following formula: anti-pilling grade = (pilling degree of the treated fabric ÷ pilling degree of the untreated fabric) × 100%, and the anti-pilling grade is not less than grade 4; the shrinkage rate of the warp and weft directions of the finished fabric does not exceed 3%.

[0020] Preferably, during the dyeing and finishing process, the tension on the fabric does not exceed 18N; in the dyeing and finishing steps, the liquid pick-up rate of the fabric is controlled at 70% and 60% respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the heating rate in the dyeing step is 2°C / min, and the cooling rate is 1.5°C / min; when the temperature drops below 50°C, natural cooling is adopted, and the cooling time does not exceed 30 minutes.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Significantly improve the anti-pilling performance: The anti-pilling level of the knitted fabric treated by this process is significantly improved. For example, the anti-pilling level of the pure cotton knitted fabric in Example 1 reaches level 4.5, which effectively solves the problem that the knitted fabric is prone to pilling during use and prolongs the service life and aesthetics of the fabric.

[0024] 2. Optimizing dye uptake: This process enables the dye to penetrate and adhere to the fiber more evenly and fully, and the dye uptake is significantly improved. For example, the dye uptake of the pure cotton knitted fabric in Example 1 is as high as 90%, ensuring the vividness and uniformity of the fabric color.

[0025] 3. Improve shrinkage: By precisely controlling the parameters of each dyeing and finishing process, the shrinkage of the fabric is effectively reduced and the dimensional stability of the fabric is improved. The shrinkage of the polyester-cotton blended knitted fabric in Example 2 is controlled within 2% in both warp and weft directions, ensuring the quality and use effect of the product.

[0026] 4. Improve production efficiency: Optimized process parameters reduce time and energy consumption in the production process, and stable process control reduces the defective rate, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0027] 5. Enhance product adaptability: This process is suitable for a variety of common knitted fabrics, such as pure cotton, polyester-cotton blended and pure polyester, etc. It provides a unified and effective dyeing and finishing solution for enterprises to produce different types of knitted products, enhancing the market adaptability of enterprises.

[0028] 6. Improve product quality and added value: Comprehensively improve the quality indicators of knitted fabrics such as anti-pilling performance, color effect, shrinkage rate and feel, increase the added value of products, and enhance market competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Knitted fabrics are widely used in clothing, home furnishing and other fields due to their soft and comfortable properties. However, knitted fabrics are prone to pilling during use, which affects their appearance and service life. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an effective anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics.

[0032] The invention provides a knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process, which significantly improves the anti-pilling performance of the knitted fabric by optimizing the steps of pretreatment, dyeing, anti-pilling finishing, washing and drying.

[0033] The principles of this dyeing and finishing process mainly include the following aspects: in the pretreatment step, sodium carbonate is used to remove impurities and grease on the surface of the fabric, sodium silicate enhances the pretreatment effect, and the penetrant improves the penetration ability of the treatment solution to create good conditions for subsequent dyeing and finishing. During the dyeing process, the temperature, pH value, bath ratio, stirring speed and other parameters are reasonably controlled to ensure uniform dyeing of the dye, improve the dyeing rate and color fastness, and in the anti-pilling finishing step, the anti-pilling agent forms a protective film on the surface of the fabric to reduce the friction and entanglement between the fibers, thereby reducing the possibility of pilling; the softener improves the feel and softness of the fabric, the washing step removes the residual dyes, auxiliaries and other substances on the surface of the fabric, and the drying step makes the fabric reach the specified moisture content and feel.

[0034] Select a variety of common knitted fabrics, such as pure cotton knitted fabrics, polyester-cotton blended knitted fabrics, pure polyester knitted fabrics, etc. Each fabric has different organizational structures and fiber characteristics. Prepare a variety of dyes, including reactive dyes, disperse dyes, acid dyes, etc., and various auxiliaries, such as sodium carbonate, penetrant JFC, sodium silicate, leveling agent, dyeing accelerator sodium sulfate, anti-pilling agent, softener, sodium acetate, antistatic agent, etc.

[0035] Among the experimental equipment, the high-temperature dyeing machine can accurately control parameters such as temperature, time, and stirring speed. The electronic balance is used to accurately weigh the amount of dyes and auxiliaries. The pH meter is used to measure the pH value of the dye solution and the treatment solution. The spectrophotometer is used to determine the concentration and dyeing rate of the dye. The pilling tester is used to evaluate the anti-pilling performance of the fabric. The tensile testing machine is used to test the tension of the fabric during the dyeing and finishing process.

[0036] Pretreatment parameter optimization: Design experiments to change the concentrations of sodium carbonate, sodium silicate and penetrant JFC in the pretreatment solution, as well as the temperature and time of pretreatment, observe the cleanliness, whiteness and fiber damage of the fabric after pretreatment, and determine the optimal pretreatment parameters;

[0037] Dyeing parameter optimization: for different types of fabrics and dyes, change the dyeing temperature, pH value, bath ratio, stirring speed, the amount of leveling agent and dye accelerator, and determine the optimal dyeing parameters by measuring the dye uptake and color fastness;

[0038] Optimization of anti-pilling finishing parameters: adjust the concentration of anti-pilling agent, softener and antistatic agent in the finishing solution, as well as the temperature and time of treatment, evaluate the anti-pilling performance and feel of the finished fabric, and determine the best finishing parameters;

[0039] Optimization of washing and drying parameters: Change the washing temperature, time and composition of the washing liquid, as well as the drying temperature, time and fabric movement speed, examine the residual additive content, moisture content and feel of the fabric after washing and drying, and determine the appropriate washing and drying parameters.

[0040] In order to more intuitively demonstrate the effect of the dyeing and finishing process of the present invention, a number of specific embodiments are given below for comparison.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Select pure cotton knitted fabric with a weight of 200g / m 2 , width is 1.5m, pretreatment liquid formula: sodium carbonate 18g / L, sodium silicate 8g / L, penetrant JFC5g / L, treatment conditions: temperature 45℃, time 30 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to pretreatment liquid is 1:12, dye: reactive red dye, dye solution formula: dye concentration 6% (owf), leveling agent 3g / L, accelerator sodium sulfate 15g / L, dyeing conditions: temperature 95℃, time 50 minutes, bath ratio 1:18, pH value 6.5, stirring speed 80 rpm. Heating process: The first stage is heated to 60℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min, the second stage is heated to 80℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, and the third stage is heated to 95℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min. The finishing liquid formula: 25g / L silicone anti-pilling agent, 10g / L amino silicone softener, 8g / L antistatic agent, finishing conditions: temperature 50℃, time 40 minutes, washing conditions: temperature 35℃, time 15 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to washing liquid is 1:10. The pH value of the washing liquid is 7.0, containing 8g / L sodium acetate, drying conditions: temperature 85℃, time 35 minutes, drying speed is not less than 12g / min, the moving speed of the fabric is 0.8m / min, the dyeing rate is 90% determined by the spectrophotometer, the anti-pilling grade is 4.5 when tested by the pilling tester, the shrinkage rate in the warp and weft directions is 2.5%, and the hand feel evaluation method shows that the fabric feels soft and smooth.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] Select polyester-cotton blended knitted fabric (polyester / cotton ratio is 65 / 35), weight is 180g / m 2 , width is 1.6m, pretreatment liquid formula: sodium carbonate 16g / L, sodium silicate 6g / L, penetrant JFC4g / L, treatment conditions: temperature 42℃, time 25 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to pretreatment liquid is 1:10, dye: disperse dye, dye solution formula: dye concentration 5% (owf), leveling agent 2g / L, accelerator sodium sulfate 12g / L, dyeing conditions: temperature 130℃, time 45 minutes, bath ratio 1:15, pH value 5.5, stirring speed 70 rpm. Heating process: The first stage is heated to 70℃ at a rate of 2.5℃ / min, the second stage is heated to 110℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, and the third stage is heated to 130℃ at a rate of 1.5℃ / min. Finishing liquid formula: 20g / L silicone anti-pilling agent, 8g / L amino silicone softener, 6g / L antistatic agent, finishing conditions: temperature 48℃, time 35 minutes, washing conditions: temperature 30℃, time 12 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to washing liquid is 1:8. The pH value of the washing liquid is 6.5, containing 6g / L sodium acetate, drying conditions: temperature 80℃, time 30 minutes, drying speed not less than 10g / min, the moving speed of the fabric is 0.7m / min, the dyeing rate is 85% determined by the spectrophotometer, the anti-pilling grade is 4 when tested by the pilling tester, the shrinkage rate in the warp and weft directions is 2%, and the hand feel evaluation method shows that the fabric feels soft and comfortable.

[0045] Embodiment 3:

[0046] Select pure polyester knitted fabric with a weight of 150g / m 2, width is 1.8m, pretreatment liquid formula: sodium carbonate 15g / L, sodium silicate 5g / L, penetrant JFC3g / L, treatment conditions: temperature 40℃, time 20 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to pretreatment liquid is 1:8, pretreatment liquid formula: sodium carbonate 15g / L, sodium silicate 5g / L, penetrant JFC3g / L, treatment conditions: temperature 40℃, time 20 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to pretreatment liquid is 1:8, dye: acid dye, dye solution formula: dye concentration 4% (owf), leveling agent 1.5g / L, dyeing accelerator sodium sulfate 10g / L, dyeing conditions: temperature 100℃, time 40 minutes, bath ratio 1:12, pH value 4.5, stirring speed 60 rpm. Heating process: The first stage is heated to 50℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, the second stage is heated to 80℃ at a rate of 1.5℃ / min, and the third stage is heated to 100℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min. Finishing liquid formula: 18g / L silicone anti-pilling agent, 6g / L amino silicone softener, 5g / L antistatic agent, finishing conditions: temperature 45℃, time 30 minutes, washing conditions: temperature 25℃, time 10 minutes, the mass ratio of fabric to washing liquid is 1:6. The pH value of the washing liquid is 5.5, containing 5g / L sodium acetate, drying conditions: temperature 75℃, time 25 minutes, drying speed is not less than 8g / min, the moving speed of the fabric is 0.6m / min, the dyeing rate is 80% determined by the spectrophotometer, the anti-pilling grade is 3.5 when tested by the pilling tester, the shrinkage rate in the warp and weft directions is 1.5%, and the hand feel evaluation method shows that the hand feel is relatively soft.

[0047] Embodiment 4:

[0048] As a comparative example, the traditional knitted fabric dyeing and finishing process was used to treat the same fabric as the above embodiment. The pretreatment liquid formula was as follows: 10 g / L sodium carbonate and 2 g / L penetrant JFC. The treatment conditions were as follows: temperature 35°C, time 15 minutes, dye solution formula and dyeing conditions were set according to conventional processes, and no special anti-pilling finishing was performed. The fabric was washed and dried according to conventional parameters. The dyeing rate was significantly lower than that of Examples 1-3, the anti-pilling performance level was low, below level 3, the shrinkage rate was relatively high, and the feel was average.

[0049] The experimental data of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples are organized into a table as follows:

[0050]

[0051] It can be seen from the table data that the dyeing and finishing process of the present invention has obvious advantages in improving dye uptake, improving anti-pilling performance, reducing shrinkage and optimizing hand feel.

[0052] The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics of the present invention has significant innovation and practicality, and provides an efficient and high-quality solution for the dyeing and finishing of knitted fabrics. In practical applications, enterprises can flexibly adjust process parameters according to their own production conditions and market demands to achieve the best dyeing and finishing effect and economic benefits.

[0053] At the same time, with the continuous advancement of science and technology and the emergence of new materials, we will continue to conduct in-depth research and improvement on this process, continuously improve its performance and adaptability, and contribute to the sustainable development of the textile industry. We believe that in the future, this process will be applied in a wider range of fields, promoting technological progress and product upgrades in the entire industry.

[0054] The anti-pilling grade of the knitted fabric treated by this process is significantly improved. For example, the anti-pilling grade of the pure cotton knitted fabric in Example 1 reaches 4.5, which effectively solves the problem that the knitted fabric is easy to pilling during use, and prolongs the service life and aesthetics of the fabric. This process can make the dye more evenly and fully penetrate and adhere to the fiber, and the dyeing rate is significantly improved. For example, the dyeing rate of the pure cotton knitted fabric in Example 1 is as high as 90%, ensuring the brightness and uniformity of the color of the fabric. By accurately controlling the parameters of each dyeing and finishing link, the shrinkage rate of the fabric is effectively reduced and the dimensional stability of the fabric is improved. The shrinkage rates of the polyester-cotton blended knitted fabric in warp and weft directions in Example 2 are controlled within 2%, thereby ensuring the quality and use effect of the product. The optimized process parameters reduce the time and energy consumption in the production process, and the stable process control reduces the defective rate, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. This process is applicable to a variety of common knitted fabrics, such as pure cotton, polyester-cotton blends and pure polyester, etc. It provides a unified and effective dyeing and finishing solution for enterprises to produce different types of knitted products, enhances the market adaptability of enterprises, comprehensively improves the quality indicators of knitted fabrics such as anti-pilling performance, color effect, shrinkage rate and feel, improves the added value of products, and enhances market competitiveness.

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A knitted fabric anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1： Pretreatment: Place the knitted fabric in a pretreatment solution and soak it at 45°C for 30 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains 18g / L sodium carbonate, 5g / L penetrant JFC, and 8g / L sodium silicate. S2: dyeing: the pretreated knitted fabric is placed in a dye solution, and dyed at a temperature of 95°C for 50 minutes, the dye concentration in the dye solution is 6% (owf), the bath ratio is 1:18, the pH value of the dye solution is 6.5, the stirring speed is 80 rpm, and the dye solution also contains 3 g / L of a leveling agent and 15 g / L of a dye accelerator, sodium sulfate; S3: Anti-pilling finishing: put the dyed fabric into the finishing liquid and treat it at 50℃ for 40 minutes. The finishing liquid contains 25g / L of silicone anti-pilling agent and 10g / L of amino silicone softener. S4: Washing: The finished fabric is washed at 35°C for 15 minutes, the pH value of the washing liquid is 7.0, and the washing liquid contains 8 g / L of sodium acetate; S5: Drying: The washed fabric is dried at a temperature of 85°C for 35 minutes.

2. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pretreatment step, the mass ratio of the fabric to the pretreatment liquid is 1:

12.

3. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dyeing step, the process of heating to 95°C is divided into three stages. The first stage is heating to 60°C at a rate of 3°C / min, the second stage is heating to 80°C at a rate of 2°C / min, and the third stage is heating to 95°C at a rate of 1°C / min.

4. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the anti-pilling finishing step, the finishing liquid also contains 8 g / L of antistatic agent.

5. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the washing step, the mass ratio of the fabric to the washing liquid is 1:

10.

6. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the drying step, the drying speed is calculated according to the following formula: drying speed = (initial weight of fabric - weight of fabric after drying) ÷ drying time, and the drying speed is not less than 12 g / min. During the drying process, the moving speed of the fabric is 0.8 m / min.

7. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dyeing step, the dye uptake rate of the dye is calculated according to the following formula: dye uptake rate = (dye solution concentration before dyeing - dye solution concentration after dyeing) ÷ dye solution concentration before dyeing × 100%, and the dye uptake rate is not less than 88%, and after dyeing, the residual liquid amount of the dye solution does not exceed 10% of the initial dye solution amount.

8. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-pilling performance of the fabric after the anti-pilling finishing step is calculated according to the following formula: anti-pilling grade = (pilling degree of the treated fabric ÷ pilling degree of the untreated fabric) × 100%, and the anti-pilling grade is not less than grade 4, and the shrinkage rate of the warp and weft directions of the finished fabric does not exceed 3%.

9. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the dyeing and finishing process, the tension on the fabric does not exceed 18N, and in the dyeing and finishing steps, the liquid carrying rate of the fabric is controlled at 70% and 60% respectively.

10. The anti-pilling dyeing and finishing process for knitted fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating rate in the dyeing step is 2°C / min, the cooling rate is 1.5°C / min, and when the temperature drops below 50°C, natural cooling is adopted, and the cooling time does not exceed 30 minutes.

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