Drilling rig for hydraulic ring geology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic ring drilling, in particular to a drilling rig for hydraulic ring geology. Comprising a vehicle body capable of walking and a drilling bit vertically arranged on the vehicle body, and further comprises a sleeve coaxially arranged with the drilling bit, a lifting frame is arranged on the vehicle body, a horizontal mounting ring and an inclined ring plate are arranged at the bottom of the lifting frame, a soil loosening bit is rotationally arranged at the bottom of the sleeve, and a rotary driving mechanism and a reset switching mechanism are further arranged on the outer side of the sleeve. A soil scraping plate is rotationally arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve, the soil loosening drill bit and the sleeve are both in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism, the rotating speed of the soil loosening drill bit is larger than that of the sleeve, an annular inserting end inserted into a soil layer is arranged at the bottom end of the sleeve, and a limiting rotating ring is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the sleeve. By arranging the sleeve, soil can be prevented from being scraped into a drill hole by the soil scraping plate, the sleeve can be inserted into a soil layer, the drilling and broken soil cleaning effects are improved, the device is reasonable in structure, and drilling operation can be smoothly carried out under different geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic ring drilling, and in particular to a drilling device used for hydraulic ring geology. Background Art

[0002] In today's hydrogeology and environmental geology field, drilling, as a core technical means, shoulders a vital mission. Whether it is the precise exploration and rational development of groundwater resources, or providing reliable geological data support for various large-scale engineering construction (such as high-rise buildings, bridges, water conservancy hubs, etc.), or conducting in-depth investigations in areas prone to geological disasters to formulate effective prevention and control strategies, the stratigraphic information obtained by drilling plays a cornerstone role.

[0003] Usually, a certain amount of broken soil is generated during the drilling process. This broken soil is often not removed from the area around the drill hole in time and tends to accumulate at the drill hole. Excessive accumulation of broken soil flowing back into the borehole will affect the drilling effect.

[0004] The prior art, such as a hydraulic geotechnical drilling device mentioned in CN114151020A, comprises a base plate, and also includes: support columns arranged on both sides of the base plate, the top of the support columns is fixedly connected to the top plate, and a lifting cylinder is arranged on the top plate; a drilling mechanism arranged on one side of the lifting cylinder, comprising a bearing plate, the bearing plate is rotatably connected to a rotating pad, the top of the rotating pad is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder, a drilling assembly is arranged below the bearing plate, a conversion column is slidably arranged on the top wall of the lifting cylinder, the bottom of the conversion column is fixedly connected to a driving block, a brake assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the lifting cylinder surrounded by the driving block, a lifting assembly is arranged on the top of the lifting column, the lifting assembly drives the conversion column to reciprocate up and down, under the action of the brake assembly, drives the lifting cylinder to move up or down intermittently, and then drives the drilling assembly to realize downward drilling and upward storage, and the driving assembly drives the guide plate to reciprocate and swing to guide the material, which can effectively prevent the blockage of the drilling port. The prior art, such as the hydraulic annular geological drilling device shown in CN114704200A, comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a U-shaped bracket, the U-shaped bracket is slidably connected with two sliders, the two sliders are fixedly connected with a fixed plate on the side close to each other, and the top of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate; the present invention can mesh two rotating gears with an annular gear, so that the rotating motor can drive the threaded shaft, the annular slide plate and the threaded column to rotate at the same time, the rotation of the annular slide plate drives the fixed rod and the L-shaped movable rod to rotate, and the rotation of the L-shaped movable rod drives the arc-shaped push plate to rotate, because the annular slide plate is concentric with the drilling spiral blade, the arc-shaped push plate rotates in a circle around the drilling spiral blade, so that the rotation of the arc-shaped push plate can push all the broken soil drilled by the drilling spiral blade away from the drilling position, and then the broken soil around the borehole can be fully cleaned.

[0005] Although the above equipment has solved some problems to a certain extent, there is still room for improvement in the methods of crushed soil cleaning and drilling. The method of removing crushed soil mentioned in the above scheme cannot guarantee that the crushed soil will not flow back into the borehole. When the scraper is scraping off the crushed soil or the guide plate is flipped, it is easy to reintroduce the crushed soil close to the borehole into the borehole, resulting in poor cleaning effect. If layered sampling operations are to be carried out, it is easy to cause different soil layers to mix at the hole entrance, thereby affecting the drilling results. The synergy of drilling and guiding in the prior art is not perfect, and there is still potential for improving the efficiency and effect of crushed soil cleaning. Since the equipment needs to move freely, the prior art has poor stability when removing waste soil. Under different geological conditions, it is often difficult to implement drilling operations due to the installation of the above-mentioned device. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology in response to the existing technical problems.

[0007] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention provides a drilling device for hydraulic engineering and environmental geology, comprising a movable vehicle body and a drilling drill bit vertically arranged on the vehicle body, and also comprising a sleeve coaxially arranged with the drilling drill bit. The vehicle body is provided with a lifting frame that can be vertically lifted and lowered, and a horizontal mounting ring coaxially arranged with the sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame, an inclined ring plate fixedly connected with the horizontal mounting ring is provided between the top of the sleeve and the horizontal mounting ring, a rotatable loosening drill bit is rotatably provided at the bottom of the sleeve, a rotating drive mechanism and a reset switching mechanism are also provided on the outside of the sleeve, a scraper plate is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve, the loosening drill bit and the sleeve are both transmission-connected with the rotating drive mechanism, the rotating speed of the loosening drill bit is greater than the rotating speed of the sleeve, the reset switching mechanism is transmission-connected with the rotating drive mechanism, an annular insertion end inserted into the soil layer is provided at the bottom of the sleeve, a limited rotation ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is rotatably installed on the horizontal mounting ring through the limited rotation ring.

[0009] Preferably, the sleeve includes a first rotating shaft, a differential rotating assembly, a scraper rotating drive assembly and a rotating driver. The first rotating shaft is vertically arranged, the rotating drive is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame, the top end of the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the output end of the rotating driver, the differential rotating assembly is arranged on the horizontal mounting ring, the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the differential rotating assembly, the sleeve and the loosening drill bit are both transmission-connected to the differential rotating assembly, the bottom end of the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the scraper rotating drive assembly, and the scraper rotating drive assembly is transmission-connected to the scraper plate.

[0010] Preferably, the differential rotating assembly includes a first driving gear, a first ring tooth, a differential rotating ring and a second ring tooth. The differential rotating ring is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring. The first ring tooth is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the differential rotating ring. The first driving gear is coaxially arranged with the first rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is matched with the first driving gear for transmission. The first driving gear is meshed with the first ring tooth. The second ring tooth is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the differential rotating ring. The loosening drill bit is provided with a second rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the side wall of the sleeve. The second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the loosening drill bit. A driven gear is fixedly mounted on the top of the second rotating shaft, and the second ring tooth is meshed with the driven gear.

[0011] Preferably, the differential rotation assembly also includes a reducer, a third rotating shaft, a second drive gear and a third ring gear. The reducer is installed between the horizontal mounting ring and the inclined ring plate, the third rotating shaft is vertically arranged between the first rotating shaft and the sleeve, the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the reducer, the reducer is transmission-connected to the third rotating shaft, the second drive gear is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the third rotating shaft, the second drive gear is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring, the third ring gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the second drive gear is meshed with the third ring gear.

[0012] Preferably, the scraper rotation drive assembly includes a rotating collar, a third drive gear, a fourth ring tooth, an annular top plate, a mounting ring, a first mounting frame and a connecting device. The rotating collar is rotatably arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve, the annular top plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating collar, the mounting ring is vertically slidably arranged directly below the annular top plate, the mounting ring is coaxially arranged with the rotating collar, the fourth ring tooth is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate, the first mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the horizontal mounting ring, the third drive gear is rotatably mounted on the first mounting frame, the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected with the third drive gear, the fourth ring tooth is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate, the third drive gear is meshed with the fourth ring tooth, the mounting ring is connected to the annular top plate through the connecting device, and the scraper plate is fixedly mounted below the mounting ring.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting device includes a pressure sensor, a first telescopic rod, a first spring and a vertical slide rail. The outer wall of the rotating ring is provided with a vertical slide rail for vertical sliding of the mounting ring. The first telescopic rod is vertically arranged between the annular top plate and the mounting ring. The first spring is sleeved on the first telescopic rod. The pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the annular top plate. The top end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor, and the bottom end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting ring.

[0014] Preferably, the reset switching mechanism includes a transmission assembly and a resistance assembly, the transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the rotary drive mechanism, the resistance assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the annular top plate via the resistance assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission ring, a first plug rod, a second transmission ring, a second plug rod, a third transmission ring and a third plug rod. The first transmission ring is coaxially fixedly mounted on the first driving gear, the first plug rod is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft and is located above the first transmission ring, the first plug rod can be plugged into the first transmission ring, the second transmission ring is coaxially fixedly mounted on the second driving gear, the second plug rod is fixedly mounted on the third rotating shaft and is located above the second transmission ring, the second plug rod can be plugged into the second transmission ring, the third transmission ring is coaxially fixedly mounted on the third driving gear, the third transmission ring is located directly below the first transmission ring, the third plug rod is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft and is located below the third transmission ring, the third plug rod can be plugged into the third transmission ring, and the first rotating shaft drives the transmission assembly to rise and fall synchronously.

[0016] Preferably, the resistance assembly includes a telescopic sleeve, a second spring, a resistance limit ring and an annular slide groove, one end of the telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft, the other end of the telescopic sleeve is slidably connected to the annular top plate through the annular slide groove, the annular slide groove is arranged at the top end of the annular top plate, the resistance limit ring is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft, the resistance limit ring is located below the first mounting frame and can fit with the bottom of the first mounting frame, and the second spring is arranged in the telescopic sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the loosening drill bit, the second rotating shaft and the driven gear are each provided in plurality and are distributed in a ring around the axis of the sleeve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention can loosen the soil layer when the sleeve descends, making it easier for the sleeve to be inserted into the soil layer. The soil in the borehole is thrown outward from the top of the sleeve. The height of the soil discharged by the drilling drill bit is higher than the ground. The discharged soil is guided by the inclined ring plate and discharged to the ground, and then discharged outward by the scraper plate. At this time, the setting of the sleeve can prevent the scraper plate from scraping the soil into the borehole, thereby improving the effect of drilling and soil cleaning, ensuring the accuracy of the drilling results, and the device has a reasonable structure, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of drilling operations under different geological conditions.

[0020] 2. The differential rotation assembly realizes the differential rotation drive of the sleeve and the loosening drill bit. The loosening drill bit performs a circular motion around the sleeve while rotating at high speed, thereby providing favorable conditions for the annular insertion end to be inserted into the soil layer. This differential design helps to perform drilling and loosening operations more effectively. At the same time, after completing the driving work of the sleeve to insert into the soil layer, the first rotating shaft switches the object to which it is connected in transmission, from the transmission connection with the differential rotation assembly to the transmission connection with the scraper rotation drive assembly, so that the scraper rotation drive assembly can drive the scraper board to work and promptly clean up the broken soil generated during the drilling process. At this time, the sleeve and the lifting frame remain stationary, further improving the stability and drilling quality of the drilling equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drilling device for hydraulic engineering and geological environment without the lifting frame;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A front view of

[0024] Figure 4 A partial three-dimensional cutaway view of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a rotary drive mechanism and a reset switching mechanism in a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology;

[0028] Figure 8 A partial three-dimensional cutaway view of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology Figure 2 ;

[0029] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a partial three-dimensional exploded view of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology;

[0031] Fig.11 The present invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a scraper rotary drive assembly of a drilling device used for hydraulic and environmental geology.

[0032] The numbers in the figure are:

[0033] 2. Sleeve; 3. Lifting frame; 4. Horizontal mounting ring; 5. Inclined ring plate; 6. Loosening drill bit; 7. Rotation drive mechanism; 8. Reset switching mechanism; 9. Scraper plate; 11. Annular insertion end; 12. Position limiting rotating ring; 13. First rotating shaft; 14. Differential rotating assembly; 15. Scraper rotating driving assembly; 16. Rotation driver; 17. First driving gear; 18. First ring gear; 19. Differential rotating ring; 21. Second ring gear; 22. Speed ​​reducer; 23. Third rotating shaft; 24. Second driving gear; 25. Three ring teeth; 26, second rotating shaft; 27, driven gear; 28, rotating sleeve ring; 29, third driving gear; 31, fourth ring teeth; 32, annular top plate; 33, mounting ring; 34, first mounting bracket; 35, pressure sensor; 36, first telescopic rod; 37, first spring; 38, first transmission ring; 39, first plug rod; 41, second transmission ring; 42, second plug rod; 43, third transmission ring; 44, third plug rod; 45, telescopic sleeve; 46, second spring; 47, contact limit ring; 48, annular slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figure 1-11 A drilling device for hydraulic engineering and environmental geology, comprising a movable vehicle body (not shown in the figure) and a drilling drill bit (not shown in the figure) vertically arranged on the vehicle body, and also comprising a sleeve 2 coaxially arranged with the drilling drill bit, a lifting frame 3 capable of vertical lifting and lowering is arranged on the vehicle body, a horizontal mounting ring 4 coaxially arranged with the sleeve 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting frame 3, and an inclined ring plate 5 (such as a plate 500 fixedly connected to the horizontal mounting ring 4) is arranged between the top of the sleeve 2 and the horizontal mounting ring 4 Figure 4 As shown), a rotatable loosening drill bit 6 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the sleeve 2, a rotation drive mechanism 7 and a reset switching mechanism 8 are also provided on the outer side of the sleeve 2, a scraper plate 9 is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 2, the loosening drill bit 6 and the sleeve 2 are both transmission-connected with the rotation drive mechanism 7, the rotation speed of the loosening drill bit 6 is greater than the rotation speed of the sleeve 2, the reset switching mechanism 8 is transmission-connected with the rotation drive mechanism 7, the bottom end of the sleeve 2 is provided with an annular insertion end 11 inserted into the soil layer, and a limited rotation ring 12 (as shown) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the sleeve 2 Figure 5 As shown), the sleeve 2 is rotatably mounted on the horizontal mounting ring 4 via a limiting rotating ring 12.

[0036] When the drilling device of the present invention is in operation, the vehicle body moves to a designated position. The lifting frame 3 drives the horizontal mounting ring 4 to descend, so that the annular insertion end 11 at the bottom of the sleeve 2 is inserted into the soil layer. The rotary drive mechanism 7 is started, driving the loosening drill bit 6 and the sleeve 2 to rotate. Since the rotation speed of the loosening drill bit 6 is greater than that of the sleeve 2, the soil layer can be loosened better. The scraper plate 9 scrapes off the broken soil during the rotation process. The reset switching mechanism 8 switches the working state of the rotary drive mechanism 7 as needed. While the sleeve 2 rotates, the lifting frame 3 descends, driving the sleeve 2 installed thereon to descend synchronously, thereby realizing the work of inserting into the soil layer.

[0037] Since a loosening drill bit 6 is provided at the bottom of the sleeve 2, and the rotation speed is greater than that of the sleeve 2, the soil layer can be loosened efficiently. Before the sleeve 2 is lowered and inserted into the soil layer, the soil layer is first loosened, so as to facilitate the insertion of the sleeve 2 into the soil layer. The annular insertion end 11 of the sleeve 2 is convenient for inserting into the soil layer, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall equipment during drilling. The scraper plate 9 can timely remove the broken soil and reduce the accumulation of broken soil at the borehole mouth. The sleeve 2 can improve the stability of the scraper plate 9 during rotation, and can completely clean and discharge the broken soil outside the borehole. When the soil in the borehole is thrown out, it is discharged from the top of the sleeve 2. That is, at this time, the height of the soil discharged by the drilling drill bit is higher than the ground. The discharged soil is discharged to the ground after being guided by the inclined ring plate 5, and then discharged outward by the scraper plate 9. At this time, the setting of the sleeve 2 can prevent the scraper plate 9 from scraping the soil into the borehole. The rotary drive mechanism 7 can drive the sleeve 2 and the loosening drill bit 6 to rotate at a differential speed. After the sleeve 2 is inserted into place, the rotary drive mechanism 7 can also drive the scraper plate 9 to rotate. At this time, the rotary drive mechanism 7 disconnects the transmission cooperation with the drive sleeve 2 and the loosening drill bit 6. The overall structural design improves the effect of drilling and soil cleaning, ensures the accuracy of the drilling results, and the device structure is reasonable, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of drilling operations under different geological conditions.

[0038] The sleeve 2 includes a first rotating shaft 13, a differential rotating assembly 14, a scraper rotating drive assembly 15 and a rotating driver 16. The first rotating shaft 13 is vertically arranged, and the rotating driver 16 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 3. The top end of the first rotating shaft 13 is transmission-connected to the output end of the rotating driver 16. The differential rotating assembly 14 is arranged on the horizontal mounting ring 4. The first rotating shaft 13 is transmission-connected to the differential rotating assembly 14. The sleeve 2 and the loosening drill bit 6 are both transmission-connected to the differential rotating assembly 14. The bottom end of the first rotating shaft 13 is transmission-connected to the scraper rotating drive assembly 15, and the scraper rotating drive assembly 15 is transmission-connected to the scraper plate 9.

[0039] The first rotating shaft 13 is powered by a rotating driver 16 fixed on the lifting frame 3, and its top end is connected to the output end of the rotating driver 16 by transmission, ensuring stable input of power. The differential rotating assembly 14 realizes the differential rotating drive of the sleeve 2 and the loosening drill bit 6. The loosening drill bit 6 performs a circular motion around the sleeve 2 while rotating at a high speed, thereby providing favorable conditions for the annular insertion end 11 to be inserted into the soil layer. This differential design helps to perform drilling and loosening operations more effectively. At the same time, after completing the driving work of the sleeve 2 inserting into the soil layer, the first rotating shaft 13 switches the object to which it is connected by transmission, from the transmission connection with the differential rotating assembly 14 to the transmission connection with the scraper rotating drive assembly 15, so that the scraper rotating drive assembly 15 can drive the scraper plate 9 to work and clean up the broken soil generated during the drilling process in time. At this time, the sleeve 2 and the lifting frame 3 remain stationary, further improving the stability and drilling quality of the drilling equipment.

[0040] The differential rotation assembly 14 includes a first drive gear 17, a first ring gear 18, a differential rotating ring 19 and a second ring gear 21. The differential rotating ring 19 is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring 4. The first ring gear 18 is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the differential rotating ring 19. The first drive gear 17 is coaxially arranged with the first rotating shaft 13. The first rotating shaft 13 is in transmission cooperation with the first drive gear 17. The first drive gear 17 is meshed with the first ring gear 18. The second ring gear 21 is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the differential rotating ring 19. The loosening drill bit 6 is provided with a second rotating shaft 26 rotatably arranged on the side wall of the sleeve 2. The second rotating shaft 26 is fixedly connected to the loosening drill bit 6. A driven gear 27 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second rotating shaft 26. The second ring gear 21 is meshed with the driven gear 27.

[0041] The differential rotation assembly 14 also includes a reducer 22, a third rotating shaft 23, a second drive gear 24 and a third ring gear 25. The reducer 22 is installed between the horizontal mounting ring 4 and the inclined ring plate 5. The third rotating shaft 23 is vertically arranged between the first rotating shaft 13 and the sleeve 2. The first rotating shaft 13 is transmission-connected to the reducer 22, and the reducer 22 is transmission-connected to the third rotating shaft 23. The second drive gear 24 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the third rotating shaft 23. The second drive gear 24 is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring 4. The third ring gear 25 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 2, and the second drive gear 24 is meshed with the third ring gear 25.

[0042] The differential rotating ring 19 is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring 4, and the first rotating shaft 13 drives the first driving gear 17 connected thereto to rotate, and the first driving gear 17 drives the first ring gear 18 meshing therewith to rotate, and then the differential rotating ring 19 fixedly connected thereto rotates through the rotation of the first ring gear 18, and the differential rotating ring 19 drives the second ring gear 21 installed therein to rotate when rotating, and the second ring gear 21 meshes with the driven gear 27 connected to the loosening drill bit 6 through the second rotating shaft 26, thereby realizing the high-speed rotation driving function of the loosening drill bit 6. At the same time, the first rotating shaft 13 rotates, and its power is transmitted to the reducer 22, and then transmitted to the third rotating shaft 23 after the speed change of the reducer 22, driving the third rotating shaft 23 to rotate. The second driving gear 24 at the bottom of the third rotating shaft 23 rotates accordingly, and since the second driving gear 24 meshes with the third ring gear 25 on the outer wall of the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 is driven to rotate.

[0043] Such a design enables the rotation of the first rotating shaft 13 to realize the differential rotation of the sleeve 2 and the loosening drill bit 6 through the differential rotation assembly 14, thereby better meeting the different requirements of the sleeve 2 inserting into the soil layer and loosening the soil.

[0044] The scraper rotation drive assembly 15 includes a rotating collar 28, a third driving gear 29, a fourth ring gear 31, an annular top plate 32, a mounting ring 33, a first mounting bracket 34 and a connecting device. The rotating collar 28 (such as Fig.11 The annular top plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating collar 28, the mounting ring 33 is vertically slidably arranged directly below the annular top plate 32, the mounting ring 33 is coaxially arranged with the rotating collar 28, the fourth ring gear 31 is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate 32, the first mounting frame 34 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal mounting ring 4, and the third driving gear 29 is rotatably mounted on the first mounting frame 34 (as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown), the first rotating shaft 13 is transmission-connected with the third driving gear 29, the fourth ring gear 31 is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate 32, the third driving gear 29 is meshed with the fourth ring gear 31, the mounting ring 33 is connected to the annular top plate 32 through a connecting device, and the scraper blade 9 is fixedly mounted below the mounting ring 33.

[0045] When the scraper rotation drive assembly 15 is working, the first rotating shaft 13 rotates, disconnects the transmission cooperation with the second driving gear 24 and the first driving gear 17, and transmits power to the third driving gear 29, driving the third driving gear 29 to rotate. Since the third driving gear 29 is meshed with the fourth ring gear 31 on the annular top plate 32, the rotation of the third driving gear 29 drives the annular top plate 32 to rotate, and then drives the rotating collar 28 to rotate on the sleeve 2. The annular top plate 32 drives the mounting ring 33 to rotate through the connecting device, and the scraper plate 9 fixed below the mounting ring 33 rotates accordingly. In this way, the rotation energy of the first rotating shaft 13 is sequentially transmitted to the mounting ring 33 through the third driving gear 29, the fourth ring gear 31, the annular top plate 32, and the connecting device, and finally drives the scraper plate 9 to rotate to achieve the scraping function.

[0046] The connecting device includes a pressure sensor 35, a first telescopic rod 36, a first spring 37 and a vertical slide rail. A vertical slide rail for vertical sliding of the mounting ring 33 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring 28. The first telescopic rod 36 is vertically arranged between the annular top plate 32 and the mounting ring 33. The first spring 37 is sleeved on the first telescopic rod 36. The pressure sensor 35 is fixedly installed on the annular top plate 32. The top end of the first telescopic rod 36 is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor 35, and the bottom end of the first telescopic rod 36 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 33.

[0047] Through the design of the connection device, the installation ring 33 can slide vertically relative to the annular top plate 32 along the vertical slide rail. In the initial state, the sleeve 2 descends and gradually drills downward into the soil layer. The bottom end of the scraper plate 9 located outside the sleeve 2 gradually contacts the ground. If it continues to descend, it will compress the first spring 37. At this time, the pressure sensor 35 will detect the pressure change. When the sleeve 2 is drilled into the appropriate position, the value of the pressure sensor 35 reaches the predetermined value. At this time, the sleeve 2 is stopped from descending, and the installation process of the equipment in the early stage of drilling is realized. This adapts to different scraping conditions, protects the device and ensures the scraping effect.

[0048] The reset switching mechanism 8 includes a transmission component and a resistance component. The transmission component is in transmission connection with the rotation driving mechanism 7. The resistance component is arranged at the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 13. The first rotating shaft 13 is in transmission connection with the annular top plate 32 through the resistance component.

[0049] The power of the rotary drive mechanism 7 is transmitted through the transmission assembly, which can transmit the rotational driving force of the first rotating shaft 13 to the differential rotation assembly 14 or the scraper rotary drive assembly 15, thereby driving the rotation of the sleeve 2, the loosening drill bit 6 or the scraper plate 9 respectively. When the sleeve 2 is lowered into place, due to the design of the interference assembly, the switching function can be automatically realized according to the predetermined downward pressure value, and the power transmission object of the rotary drive mechanism 7 can be switched, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the rotary drive target.

[0050] The transmission assembly includes a first transmission ring 38, a first plug rod 39, a second transmission ring 41, a second plug rod 42, a third transmission ring 43 and a third plug rod 44. The first transmission ring 38 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the first driving gear 17, the first plug rod 39 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 13 and is located above the first transmission ring 38, the first plug rod 39 can be plugged with the first transmission ring 38, the second transmission ring 41 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the second driving gear 24, the second plug rod 42 is fixedly mounted on the third rotating shaft 23 and is located above the second transmission ring 41, the second plug rod 42 can be plugged with the second transmission ring 41, the third transmission ring 43 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the third driving gear 29, the third transmission ring 43 is located directly below the first transmission ring 38, the third plug rod 44 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 13 and is located below the third transmission ring 43, the third plug rod 44 can be plugged with the third transmission ring 43, and the first rotating shaft 13 drives the transmission assembly to rise and fall synchronously.

[0051] When the vehicle body moves to the drilling position, the sleeve 2 is installed to ensure that a relatively stable drilling operation can be achieved under different working conditions, and to ensure that the drilled soil will not fall back into the borehole. In the initial state, the first plug rod 39 is inserted into the first transmission ring 38, and the second plug rod 42 is inserted into the second transmission ring 41, and the third plug rod 44 is not connected to the third transmission ring 43. The first rotating shaft 13 rotates through the first plug rod 39 to drive the first drive gear 17 to rotate, thereby realizing the driving function of the loosening drill bit 6, and the second plug rod 42 drives the second drive gear 24 to rotate through the second transmission ring 41, thereby realizing the driving function of the sleeve 2.

[0052] When the function is switched, the first rotating shaft 13 moves upward, and the connection between the first plug rod 39 and the first transmission ring 38 and the second plug rod 42 and the second transmission ring 41 is released, and the third plug rod 44 and the third transmission ring 43 are connected at the same time. At this time, the third driving gear 29 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 13, thereby realizing the driving function of the scraper blade 9.

[0053] The resistance assembly includes a telescopic sleeve 45, a second spring 46, a resistance limit ring 47 and an annular groove 48. One end of the telescopic sleeve 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 13, and the other end of the telescopic sleeve 45 is slidably connected to the annular top plate 32 through the annular groove 48. The annular groove 48 is arranged at the top end of the annular top plate 32. The resistance limit ring 47 is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft 13. The resistance limit ring 47 is located below the first mounting frame 34 and can fit with the bottom of the first mounting frame 34. The second spring 46 is arranged in the telescopic sleeve 45.

[0054] After the sleeve 2 is lowered to the right position, the height of the annular top plate 32 moves to the right position, and then the top of the annular top plate 32 resists the second spring 46, so that the first rotating shaft 13 gradually rises when the annular top plate 32 rises, until the first rotating shaft 13 and the scraper rotating drive assembly 15 are transmitted, and the transmission with the differential rotating assembly 14 is cut off, and the resisting limit ring 47 plays a limiting role. When the resisting limit ring 47 is in contact with the bottom of the first mounting frame 34, the further movement of the first rotating shaft 13 is limited. The second spring 46 in the telescopic sleeve 45 plays a role of buffering and auxiliary reset. This reset process is that after the lifting frame 3 rises to a certain extent, the second spring 46 resets, and the first rotating shaft 13 descends and resets under the action of elastic force to achieve the switching of the working state.

[0055] There are a plurality of loosening drill bits 6 , second rotating shafts 26 and driven gears 27 , which are distributed in a ring around the axis of the sleeve 2 .

[0056] The loosening drill bit 6, the second rotating shaft 26 and the driven gear 27 are provided in multiple numbers and are distributed in a ring around the axis of the sleeve 2. Such a design enables loosening operations to be performed from multiple directions simultaneously during the drilling process, thereby improving the efficiency and uniformity of loosening the soil and further enhancing the working performance of the entire drilling device.

[0057] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A drilling device for hydraulic engineering and environmental geology, comprising a movable vehicle body and a drilling drill bit vertically arranged on the vehicle body, characterized in that: The vehicle also comprises a sleeve (2) coaxially arranged with the drilling bit, a lifting frame (3) capable of vertical lifting and lowering is arranged on the vehicle body, a horizontal mounting ring (4) coaxially arranged with the sleeve (2) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting frame (3), an inclined ring plate (5) fixedly connected with the horizontal mounting ring (4) is arranged between the top of the sleeve (2) and the horizontal mounting ring (4), a rotatable loosening drill bit (6) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sleeve (2), a rotation driving mechanism (7) and a reset switching mechanism (8) are also arranged on the outside of the sleeve (2), and the sleeve (2) is provided with a plurality of rotating parts. A scraper plate (9) is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (2); the loosening drill bit (6) and the sleeve (2) are both connected to the rotary drive mechanism (7) in a transmission manner; the rotation speed of the loosening drill bit (6) is greater than the rotation speed of the sleeve (2); the reset switching mechanism (8) is connected to the rotary drive mechanism (7) in a transmission manner; the bottom end of the sleeve (2) is provided with an annular insertion end (11) for inserting into the soil layer; a limited rotation ring (12) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve (2); the sleeve (2) is rotatably installed on the horizontal mounting ring (4) through the limited rotation ring (12).

2. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (2) comprises a first rotating shaft (13), a differential rotating assembly (14), a scraper rotating drive assembly (15) and a rotating driver (16); the first rotating shaft (13) is arranged vertically; the rotating driver (16) is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame (3); the top end of the first rotating shaft (13) is drivingly connected to the output end of the rotating driver (16); the differential rotating assembly (14) is arranged on the horizontal mounting ring (4); the first rotating shaft (13) is drivingly connected to the differential rotating assembly (14); the sleeve (2) and the loosening drill bit (6) are both drivingly connected to the differential rotating assembly (14); the bottom end of the first rotating shaft (13) is drivingly connected to the scraper rotating drive assembly (15); and the scraper rotating drive assembly (15) is drivingly connected to the scraper plate (9).

3. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The differential rotation assembly (14) comprises a first driving gear (17), a first ring gear (18), a differential rotating ring (19) and a second ring gear (21). The differential rotating ring (19) is rotatably arranged below the horizontal mounting ring (4). The first ring gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the differential rotating ring (19). The first driving gear (17) is coaxially arranged with the first rotating shaft (13). The first rotating shaft (13) and the first driving gear (17) are transmission-matched. The first driving gear (17) is meshed with the first ring gear (18). The second ring gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the differential rotating ring (19). The loosening drill bit (6) is provided with a second rotating shaft (26) rotatably arranged on the side wall of the sleeve (2). The second rotating shaft (26) is fixedly connected to the loosening drill bit (6). A driven gear (27) is fixedly mounted on the top of the second rotating shaft (26). The second ring gear (21) is meshed with the driven gear (27).

4. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The differential rotation assembly (14) further comprises a speed reducer (22), a third rotating shaft (23), a second driving gear (24) and a third ring gear (25); the speed reducer (22) is mounted between the horizontal mounting ring (4) and the inclined ring plate (5); the third rotating shaft (23) is vertically arranged between the first rotating shaft (13) and the sleeve (2); the first rotating shaft (13) is transmission-connected with the speed reducer (22); the speed reducer (22) is transmission-connected with the third rotating shaft (23); the second driving gear (24) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the third rotating shaft (23); the second driving gear (24) is rotationally arranged below the horizontal mounting ring (4); the third ring gear (25) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the sleeve (2); the second driving gear (24) is meshed with the third ring gear (25).

5. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraper rotation drive assembly (15) comprises a rotating collar (28), a third driving gear (29), a fourth ring gear (31), an annular top plate (32), a mounting ring (33), a first mounting frame (34) and a connecting device. The rotating collar (28) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (2), the annular top plate (32) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating collar (28), the mounting ring (33) is vertically slidably arranged just below the annular top plate (32), the mounting ring (33) is coaxially arranged with the rotating collar (28), and the fourth ring gear (31) is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (2). ) is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate (32), a first mounting frame (34) is fixedly mounted on the horizontal mounting ring (4), a third driving gear (29) is rotatably mounted on the first mounting frame (34), a first rotating shaft (13) is transmission-connected with the third driving gear (29), a fourth ring gear (31) is fixedly mounted on the annular top plate (32), the third driving gear (29) is meshed with the fourth ring gear (31), a mounting ring (33) is connected to the annular top plate (32) through a connecting device, and a scraper blade (9) is fixedly mounted below the mounting ring (33).

6. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting device comprises a pressure sensor (35), a first telescopic rod (36), a first spring (37) and a vertical slide rail. The outer wall of the rotating collar (28) is provided with a vertical slide rail for the mounting ring (33) to vertically slide. The first telescopic rod (36) is vertically arranged between the annular top plate (32) and the mounting ring (33). The first spring (37) is sleeved on the first telescopic rod (36). The pressure sensor (35) is fixedly installed on the annular top plate (32). The top end of the first telescopic rod (36) is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor (35), and the bottom end of the first telescopic rod (36) is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (33).

7. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reset switching mechanism (8) comprises a transmission component and a resistance component. The transmission component is in transmission connection with the rotary drive mechanism (7). The resistance component is arranged at the bottom end of the first rotating shaft (13). The first rotating shaft (13) is in transmission connection with the annular top plate (32) via the resistance component.

8. The drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a first transmission ring (38), a first plug rod (39), a second transmission ring (41), a second plug rod (42), a third transmission ring (43) and a third plug rod (44); the first transmission ring (38) is coaxially fixedly mounted on the first driving gear (17); the first plug rod (39) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (13) and is located above the first transmission ring (38); the first plug rod (39) can be plugged into the first transmission ring (38); the second transmission ring (41) is coaxially fixedly mounted on the second driving gear (24); the second plug rod (42 ... ) is fixedly mounted on the third rotating shaft (23) and is located above the second transmission ring (41); the second plug rod (42) can be plugged into the second transmission ring (41); the third transmission ring (43) is coaxially fixedly mounted on the third driving gear (29); the third transmission ring (43) is located directly below the first transmission ring (38); the third plug rod (44) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (13) and is located below the third transmission ring (43); the third plug rod (44) can be plugged into the third transmission ring (43); and the first rotating shaft (13) drives the transmission assembly to rise and fall synchronously.

9. A drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The resistance assembly comprises a telescopic sleeve (45), a second spring (46), a resistance limiting ring (47) and an annular slide groove (48); one end of the telescopic sleeve (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft (13); the other end of the telescopic sleeve (45) is slidably connected to the annular top plate (32) through the annular slide groove (48); the annular slide groove (48) is arranged at the top end of the annular top plate (32); the resistance limiting ring (47) is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft (13); the resistance limiting ring (47) is located below the first mounting frame (34) and can be fitted with the bottom of the first mounting frame (34); and the second spring (46) is arranged in the telescopic sleeve (45).

10. The drilling device for hydraulic and environmental geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of loosening drill bits (6), second rotating shafts (26) and driven gears (27) are provided and are distributed in an annular manner around the axis of the sleeve (2).

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