Containment ventilation system, arrangement method of containment ventilation system, reactor building and ventilation method of reactor building

Abstract

The invention discloses a containment ventilation system and an arrangement method thereof, and a reactor building and a ventilation method thereof, which can optimize the arrangement of the containment ventilation system so as to reduce the arrangement design difficulty of the containment ventilation system and improve the economical efficiency of a containment. And a concrete filling area is arranged at the bottom in the containment. The containment ventilation system comprises ventilation equipment and a flow channel structure which are located in a containment, wherein the ventilation equipment is used for driving air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure; the flow channel structure comprises a ventilation mother pipe structure (1). The arrangement method comprises the step of arranging the ventilation mother pipe structure (1) in the concrete filling area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and in particular relates to a containment ventilation system and an arrangement method thereof, a reactor building and a ventilation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to factors such as safety, economy, and radiation protection, the main circuit system, related safety system, fuel replacement system, and necessary auxiliary systems and equipment need to be arranged in the reactor building of a nuclear power plant. Therefore, the space in the reactor building is very limited, and there are high requirements for the layout of items. The layout of items in the containment needs to be simplified as much as possible.

[0003] The ventilation system is also an important part of the reactor building. The ventilation system is usually formed by ventilation equipment and ventilation ducts. The ventilation main pipe in the ventilation system (the ventilation main pipe is used to collect fresh air filtered by the ventilation equipment and then transport it to the rooms that need ventilation) is usually set up in the area above the reactor pit in the reactor building. The area above the reactor pit in the reactor building is used to arrange equipment. This results in extremely limited space for the ventilation main pipe in the area above the reactor pit in the reactor building; and

[0004] Since there are many rooms that need to be ventilated in the reactor building, in order to ensure the ventilation volume, the size of the ventilation main pipe in the ventilation duct is larger.

[0005] The above reasons make it difficult for designers to design the layout of the ventilation main pipe when designing the ventilation system, which in turn increases the difficulty of the layout design of the entire ventilation system. If a larger ventilation main pipe is to be placed, the size of the reactor building needs to be increased, which makes it difficult to meet the economic requirements of the reactor building. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a containment ventilation system and its layout method, a reactor building and its ventilation method in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can optimize the layout of the containment ventilation system, thereby reducing the difficulty of layout design of the containment ventilation system and improving the economy of the containment.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for arranging a containment ventilation system, wherein the bottom of the containment has a concrete filling area. The containment ventilation system comprises a ventilation device and a flow channel structure located in the containment, wherein the ventilation device is used to drive the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure; the flow channel structure comprises a ventilation main pipe structure. The arrangement method comprises: arranging the ventilation main pipe structure in the concrete filling area.

[0008] In some embodiments, the flow channel structure also includes a supply air flow channel structure, a diversion channel structure and a return air flow channel structure. The arrangement method includes: dividing the area above the concrete filling area in the containment into an equipment area and a return air area from bottom to top; arranging ventilation equipment in the equipment area; an equipment room is also arranged in the equipment area; arranging the supply air flow channel structure in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and making the supply air flow channel structure connected to the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure respectively; arranging the diversion channel structure in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and making the diversion channel structure connected to the ventilation main pipe structure and the equipment room respectively; arranging the return air flow channel structure in the equipment area, making the upper end of the return air flow channel structure connected to the return air area, and making the lower end of the return air flow channel structure connected to the ventilation equipment. The ventilation equipment inhales the air in the return air area through the return air flow channel structure, filters it, and sends it to the ventilation main pipe structure, and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure to the equipment room, so that the air entering the equipment room can escape to the return air area.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ventilation equipment is arranged in a ventilation equipment room, and the ventilation equipment room is arranged in the equipment area; the ventilation equipment room includes a ventilation room and a filter room that are interconnected; and the ventilation equipment is a combined ventilation equipment. The arrangement of the ventilation equipment in the equipment area includes: arranging the ventilation room in the equipment area, arranging the filter room on the same floor of the ventilation room, and connecting the filter room with the ventilation equipment room; decoupling the combined ventilation equipment into a ventilation fan and a filter, arranging the ventilation fan in the ventilation room, and arranging the filter in the filter room. The lower end of the return air duct structure is connected to the ventilation equipment room, specifically: after the lower end of the return air duct structure is connected to the filter room, it is connected to the ventilation room through the filter room.

[0010] In some embodiments, the equipment area is provided with a secondary biological shielding ring wall and a plurality of supporting walls, and the plurality of supporting walls are located inside the secondary biological shielding ring wall; the secondary biological shielding ring wall and the plurality of supporting walls respectively cross to form the ventilation room, the filter room and the equipment room. The air supply flow duct structure is arranged after the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the arrangement method further includes: arranging the air supply flow duct structure at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall and one of the supporting walls.

[0011] In some embodiments, arranging the return air duct structure in the equipment area includes: arranging the return air duct structure at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall and one of the supporting walls.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flow duct structure also includes a connecting air duct structure. The arrangement of the ventilation equipment room in the equipment area also includes: dividing the equipment area from bottom to top into n layers, n≥2; arranging the ventilation machine room on two adjacent layers of the equipment area, arranging the filter room on the same two layers of the equipment area as the ventilation machine room, and making the ventilation machine room adjacent to the filter room; arranging the connecting air duct structure on one side of the second layer of the ventilation machine room, so that the connecting air duct structure connects the lower end of the return air duct structure and the filter room. The lower end of the return air duct structure is connected to the ventilation equipment room, specifically: the lower end of the return air duct structure is connected to the filter room through the connecting air duct structure, thereby connecting to the ventilation equipment room.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ventilation main pipe structure is arranged behind the concrete filling area, and the arrangement method further includes: arranging the ventilation main pipe structure in a ring shape.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method for forming the flow channel structure is: the flow channel structure is manufactured in a concrete structure as a part of a concrete structure, so as to be a part of a concrete structure; or, the flow channel structure is manufactured in a concrete structure as a part of a concrete structure, so as to be a part of a concrete structure, and then a metal plate is laid on the inner wall of the flow channel structure; or, a pipe is pre-buried in the concrete structure, and the pipe forms the flow channel structure.

[0015] Therefore, the arrangement method of the containment ventilation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention can optimize the arrangement of the containment ventilation system and improve the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area by replacing the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art with a ventilation mother pipe structure, and arranging the ventilation mother pipe structure in the concrete filling area, thereby avoiding the space occupation of the area above the concrete filling area in the containment by the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art. Therefore, when the size of the containment is small and the space left for the ventilation mother pipe in the space used for arranging equipment in the containment is limited, the ventilation mother pipe structure can also be arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of the arrangement design of the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the containment.

[0016] The arrangement method of the containment ventilation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging a ventilation main pipe structure, an air supply duct structure, a diversion channel structure and a return air duct structure, can enable the ventilation equipment to suck in the air in the return air area through the return air duct structure, filter the air and then send it into the ventilation main pipe structure, and pressurize the air in the ventilation main pipe structure to the equipment room. The air entering the equipment room can escape to the return air area, thereby realizing circulating ventilation in the containment.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a containment ventilation system, wherein the bottom of the containment has a concrete filling area; the containment ventilation system includes ventilation equipment and a flow channel structure located in the containment; the ventilation equipment is used to drive the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure; the flow channel structure includes a ventilation main pipe structure, and the ventilation main pipe structure is arranged in the concrete filling area.

[0018] In some embodiments, the area above the concrete filling area inside the containment is divided into an equipment area and a return air area from bottom to top; the ventilation equipment is arranged in the equipment area; and an equipment room is also arranged in the equipment area. The flow channel structure also includes a supply air flow channel structure, a diversion channel structure and a return air flow channel structure. The supply air flow channel structure is arranged in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the supply air flow channel structure is connected to the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure respectively. The diversion channel structure is arranged in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the diversion channel structure is connected to the ventilation main pipe structure and the equipment room respectively. The return air flow channel structure is arranged in the equipment area, and the upper end of the return air flow channel structure is connected to the return air area, and the lower end of the return air flow channel structure is connected to the ventilation equipment. The ventilation equipment sucks the air in the return air area through the return air flow channel structure and sends it into the ventilation main pipe structure, and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure to the equipment room, and the air entering the equipment room can escape to the return air area.

[0019] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reactor building, comprising a containment, a primary loop system, and the containment ventilation system of the second aspect, wherein the primary loop system is arranged in a concrete filling area within the containment and an area above the concrete filling area.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a ventilation method for a reactor building, wherein the reactor building adopts the reactor building in the third aspect, and the ventilation method comprises: starting ventilation equipment, wherein the ventilation equipment drives the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure.

[0021] The containment ventilation system, reactor building and ventilation method thereof provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned arrangement method of the containment ventilation system, which will not be described in detail herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 : A cross-sectional view of a reactor building provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 : A top view of a reactor building provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3A: A top view of the first floor of a ventilation equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3B : A top view of the first floor of another ventilation equipment room provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 :for Figure 3A Sectional view along the MM direction;

[0027] Figure 5 :for Figure 3A Sectional view along the NN axis;

[0028] Fig. 6A : A top view of the second floor of a ventilation equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6B : A top view of the second floor of another ventilation equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1-ventilation main pipe structure; 2-supply air duct structure; 3-diversion channel structure; 4-return air duct structure; 5-equipment room; 6-ventilation room; 7-filter room; 8-biological shielding ring wall; 9-duct structure; 10-ventilation fan; 11-filter; 12-support wall; A1-concrete filling area; A2-equipment area; A3-return air area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for arranging a containment ventilation system. The method for arranging a containment ventilation system is applied in a nuclear power plant and is used to arrange the containment ventilation system in the containment.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 The bottom of the containment has a concrete filling area A1, and the containment ventilation system includes ventilation equipment and a flow channel structure located in the containment. The ventilation equipment is used to drive the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure, and the flow channel structure includes a ventilation mother pipe structure 1.

[0035] It should be noted that the main structures within the containment are all constructed using concrete structures.

[0036] For example, Figure 1As shown, the concrete filling area A1 is located at the bottom of the containment vessel, and is used to support the structure (such as the supporting wall described later) and equipment above the concrete filling area A1. The concrete structure in the concrete filling area A1 is arranged on the reactor building raft foundation.

[0037] Exemplarily, the reactor pit is arranged in the concrete filling area A1, and the reactor pressure vessel is arranged in the reactor pit.

[0038] It can be understood that various equipment in the containment vessel are mainly arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0039] For example, the main equipment of the reactor (main water pump, steam generator, etc.), safety system (safety water tank, etc.), etc. are all arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0040] Exemplarily, the number of ventilation devices may be one or more, and the number of ventilation devices needs to be determined according to the required ventilation air volume in the reactor building.

[0041] Ventilation equipment includes ventilation fans and filters, which are used to drive air flow and filter and purify the flowing air.

[0042] In some examples, the ventilation equipment also includes a heat exchanger and a valve; the heat exchanger can exchange heat with the air flowing through the ventilation equipment to reduce the temperature of the air flowing through the ventilation equipment and take away the heat in the containment; the valve can control the air volume flowing through the ventilation equipment.

[0043] Exemplarily, the ventilation equipment sucks in the exhaust gas in the containment, filters it into fresh air, and then delivers it to the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and pressurizes the fresh air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the space that needs ventilation in the containment (such as the equipment room described later); after the fresh air enters the space that needs ventilation, it escapes into the containment and is sucked in by the ventilation equipment again, thereby realizing the circulation of air in the containment through the flow channel structure under the drive of the ventilation equipment.

[0044] In some examples, the flow channel structure is formed by fabricating the flow channel structure as a part of the concrete structure in the concrete structure so as to serve as a part of the concrete structure.

[0045] That is, when constructing the containment, the flow channel structure is directly constructed using a concrete structure, so that the flow channel structure is directly formed when constructing the containment, which is beneficial to shortening the construction period of the flow channel structure.

[0046] Alternatively, the flow channel structure may be formed by manufacturing the flow channel structure as a part of the concrete structure in the concrete structure, and then laying a metal plate on the inner wall of the flow channel structure.

[0047] Exemplarily, the metal plate is a stainless steel plate.

[0048] This can improve the smoothness of the interior of the flow channel structure, which is beneficial to reducing wind resistance.

[0049] Alternatively, the flow channel structure may be formed by pre-burying pipes in a concrete structure, and the pipes form the above-mentioned flow channel structure.

[0050] Exemplarily, the pre-buried pipes are stainless steel pipes.

[0051] In the present application, by pre-burying the pipeline in advance, the forming of the flow channel structure is facilitated and the construction difficulty of the flow channel structure is reduced.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 The arrangement method of the containment ventilation system includes: arranging the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 in the concrete filling area A1.

[0053] In the prior art, the ventilation mother pipe is a pipeline structure, and the ventilation mother pipe is arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment, which causes the ventilation mother pipe to occupy the space in the containment that is mainly used for arranging equipment; and the concrete filling area A1 has few equipment arranged except the reactor pressure vessel in the reactor pit, so most of the area in the concrete filling area A1 is filled with concrete, and the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1 is low.

[0054] The arrangement method provided in the embodiment of the present invention replaces the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art with a ventilation mother pipe structure 1, and arranges the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 in the concrete filling area A1, so as to optimize the arrangement of the containment ventilation system and improve the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1, thereby avoiding the space occupation of the area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment by the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art. Therefore, when the size of the containment is small and the space left for the ventilation mother pipe in the space used for arranging equipment in the containment is limited, the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 can be conveniently arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of the arrangement design of the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the containment.

[0055] Therefore, the arrangement method of the containment ventilation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention can optimize the arrangement of the containment ventilation system and improve the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1 by replacing the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art with the ventilation mother pipe structure 1, and arranging the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 in the concrete filling area A1, thereby avoiding the space occupation of the area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment by the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art. Therefore, when the size of the containment is small and the space left for the ventilation mother pipe in the space used for arranging equipment in the containment is limited, the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 can be conveniently arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of the arrangement design of the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the containment.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the containment ventilation system further includes an air supply channel structure 2, a flow distribution channel structure 3 and a return air channel structure 4. The arrangement method of the containment ventilation system further includes:

[0057] The area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment is divided into the equipment area A2 and the return air area A3 from bottom to top;

[0058] The ventilation equipment is arranged in the equipment area A2; the equipment area A2 also has an equipment room 5;

[0059] The air supply channel structure 2 is arranged in the concrete filling area A1 and the equipment area A2, and the air supply channel structure 2 is connected with the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure 1 respectively;

[0060] The diversion channel structure 3 is arranged in the concrete filling area A1 and the equipment area A2, so that the diversion channel structure 3 is connected with the ventilation main pipe structure 1 and the equipment room 5 respectively;

[0061] The return air duct structure 4 is arranged in the equipment area A2, so that the upper end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the return air area A3, and the lower end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the ventilation equipment.

[0062] The ventilation equipment inhales the air in the return air area A3 through the return air duct structure 4, filters it, and sends it to the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the equipment room 5. The air entering the equipment room 5 can escape to the return air area A3.

[0063] It can be understood that various equipment in the containment vessel are mainly arranged in the equipment area A2 and the return air area A3 above the concrete filling area A1.

[0064] For example, the main equipment of the reactor (main water pump, steam generator, etc.) is set in the equipment area A2, and the safety system (safety water tank, etc.) is also set in the equipment area A2. Figure 1The dome is not shown in the figure and is located in the return air area A3. Spraying equipment and overhead cranes are also arranged in the return air area A3.

[0065] For example, when there are two ventilation devices, the number of the air supply flow channel structure 2 and the return air flow channel structure 4 in the flow channel structure can be set to two, and each ventilation device inhales the air in the return air area A3 through a corresponding return air flow channel structure 4, and sends it into the ventilation main pipe structure 1 through a corresponding air supply flow channel structure 2. The air sent into the ventilation main pipe structure 1 by the two ventilation devices is mixed in the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and then sent into the equipment room 5 through the diversion channel structure 3.

[0066] Exemplarily, there are multiple equipment rooms 5 and multiple diversion channel structures 3 , and each equipment room 5 is connected to at least one diversion channel structure 3 so as to transport filtered air to each equipment room 5 through multiple diversion channel structures 3 .

[0067] The embodiment of the present invention arranges the ventilation main pipe structure 1, the air supply duct structure 2, the diversion channel structure 3 and the return air duct structure 4, so that the ventilation equipment can suck in the air in the return air area A3 through the return air duct structure 4, filter the air and send it into the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and pressurize the air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the equipment room 5. The air entering the equipment room 5 can escape to the return air area A3, thereby realizing circulating ventilation in the containment.

[0068] Compared with the pipes that need to be laid in the prior art, the flow channel structure in the embodiment of the present invention can be formed by the existing concrete structure in the containment, and can directly utilize the existing concrete structure in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of layout design of the flow channel structure and reducing the space occupied by the flow channel structure in the containment to a certain extent. Therefore, when the size of the containment is small and the space for arranging equipment in the containment (i.e., the equipment area A2 and the return air area A3) that can be left for the layout of the containment ventilation system is limited, the containment ventilation system can also be arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of layout design of the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the containment.

[0069] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned flow channel structure can also allow personnel to pass through, so as to realize the passage of personnel or equipment inside the equipment room, and between the equipment room and the outside world.

[0070] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned flow channel structure is also provided with auxiliary structures such as lifting holes and their cover plates, vertical ladders (preferably made of steel) and their cover plates, stairs and their cover plates.

[0071] In some embodiments, the ventilation equipment is arranged in a ventilation equipment room, and the ventilation equipment room is arranged in the equipment area A2. The ventilation equipment room includes a ventilation room 6 and a filter room 7 which are interconnected; and the ventilation equipment is a combined ventilation equipment.

[0072] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 are arranged in the upper part of the equipment area A2 and below the operating platform.

[0073] In this case, combined Figure 2 , Figure 3A , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , arranging the ventilation equipment in the equipment area A2, including: arranging the ventilation room 6 in the equipment area A2, arranging the filter room 7 on the same floor of the ventilation room 6, and connecting the filter room 7 with the ventilation equipment room; decoupling the combined ventilation equipment into ventilation fans and filters, arranging the ventilation fans in the ventilation room 6, and arranging the filters in the filter room 7.

[0074] The lower end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the ventilation equipment room. Specifically, the lower end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the filter room 7 and then connected to the ventilation machine room 6 through the filter room 7.

[0075] For example, Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 Two ventilation equipment rooms are shown in Figure 2 Q1 and Q2 in the Figure 3A This is an enlarged view of one of the ventilation equipment rooms. Figure 3B This is an enlarged view of another ventilation equipment room. Figure 3A and Figure 3B In the figure, the filter room 7 is connected with the ventilation room 6 through a connecting door. The mark "100 / 210" in the figure indicates that the width of the connecting door is 100 cm and the height is 210 cm.

[0076] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the ventilation room 6 is a structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the cross-sectional shape of the filter room 7 is a structure similar to a rectangle.

[0077] Exemplarily, the dimensions of the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 can be set according to the external dimensions of the ventilation fans and the filters, so that the ventilation fans and the filters can make full use of the space in the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 as much as possible.

[0078] In the prior art, ventilation equipment usually includes functions such as air supply, flow rate regulation, filtration, purification, and heat exchange, which results in the ventilation equipment being larger in size and occupying a larger space. Moreover, due to the shape of the containment shell itself, the ventilation equipment room in the containment shell is usually an irregular, special-shaped structure, which easily leads to a large gap between the ventilation equipment and the side wall of the ventilation equipment room, and the corner area in the ventilation equipment room cannot be fully ventilated, thereby wasting the space in the ventilation equipment room.

[0079] In this embodiment, by splitting the ventilation equipment room into a ventilation room 6 and a filter room 7 that are interconnected, the combined ventilation equipment is decoupled into a ventilation fan 10 and a filter 11, the ventilation fan 10 is arranged in the ventilation room 6, and the filter 11 is arranged in the filter room 7. The size of the decoupled ventilation fan 10 and the filter 11 can be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the gap between the ventilation fan 10 and the side wall of the ventilation room 6, and reducing the gap between the filter 11 and the side wall of the filter room 7, and finally improving the space utilization rate of the combined ventilation equipment for the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7.

[0080] For example, when the number of ventilation equipment and ventilation equipment room is two, Figure 3B As shown, the two ventilators and ventilator rooms are arranged in a similar manner.

[0081] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The equipment area A2 is provided with a secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and a plurality of supporting walls 12, and the plurality of supporting walls 12 are located inside the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8; the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and the plurality of supporting walls 12 respectively cross-enclose a ventilation room 6, a filter room 7 and an equipment room 5. Figure 3A As shown, the air supply duct structure 2 is arranged behind the concrete filling area A1 and the equipment area A2. The arrangement method also includes: arranging the air supply duct structure 2 at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and a supporting wall 12.

[0082] Exemplarily, the thickness of the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 is usually set to be relatively thick so as to protect the area enclosed by the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and shield the radioactivity inside the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 .

[0083] For example, Figure 2 As shown, multiple support walls 12 are vertically arranged in the area enclosed by the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8, and various spaces are enclosed between the multiple support walls 12 and between the multiple support walls 12 and the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 to form a ventilation room 6, a filter room 7 and an equipment room 5. The equipment room 5 may include, for example, a safety water tank, a spent fuel storage room, a main water pump room, etc.

[0084] Understandable, combined Figure 1, a transverse partition is also provided in the area enclosed by the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 to divide the equipment area A2 into multiple layers of space, thereby forming more equipment rooms 5.

[0085] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3A , Figure 3B , the ventilation equipment room surrounded by the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and the supporting wall 12 ( Figure 2 The Q1 area and Q2 area in the fan-shaped ventilation equipment room are divided into a ventilation room 6 and a filter room 7, see Figure 3A , a triangle with an arc will be formed in the lower left corner of the ventilation room ( Figure 3A Q3 area in ), see Figure 3B A triangle with an arc is also formed in the upper left corner of the ventilation equipment room. The shape of the triangle with an arc is irregular. Usually, equipment cannot be arranged in this area, resulting in a waste of space in this area. This area is often called a "structural dead zone."

[0086] The arrangement method of the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the air supply duct structure 2 at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and a supporting wall 12 (that is, the location of the structural dead zone), can fully utilize the structural dead zone in the containment, improve the space utilization rate in the containment, optimize the arrangement of the containment ventilation system in the containment, and help reduce the size of the containment and improve the economy of the containment.

[0087] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 3A and Figure 5 , the return air duct structure 4 is arranged after the equipment area A2. The arrangement method also includes: arranging the return air duct structure 4 at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall 8 and a supporting wall 12.

[0088] In this way, a technical effect similar to that of the air supply channel structure 2 can be achieved, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flow channel structure also includes a connecting air channel structure 9.

[0090] The ventilation equipment room is arranged in equipment area A2, and also includes:

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, the equipment area A2 is divided into n layers from bottom to top, n ≥ 2;

[0092] Arrange the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 on two adjacent floors of the equipment area A2, and arrange the filter room 7 on the same two floors of the equipment area A2 as the ventilation room 6, and make the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 adjacent;

[0093] like Figure 3A , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig. 6A and Figure 6B As shown, the connecting air duct structure 9 is arranged on one side of the second floor of the ventilation room 6, so that the connecting air duct structure 9 is connected to the lower end of the return air duct structure 4 and the filter room 7;

[0094] The lower end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the ventilation equipment room. Specifically, the lower end of the return air duct structure 4 is connected to the filter room 7 through the connecting duct structure 9, thereby connecting to the ventilation equipment room.

[0095] For example, the number n of the equipment area A2 can be two, three or five layers. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 Five floors are shown in FIG. Among them, the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7 are located on the top two floors. The return air duct structure 4 extends to the top of the equipment area A2.

[0096] Exemplarily, the height of each layer of the equipment area A2 may be set according to the height of the equipment placed on the layer, so as to fully utilize the layer height.

[0097] For example, Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the net height of the ventilation room 6 is 5.5m, and the net height of the ventilation duct structure 9 is 3.25m.

[0098] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig. 6A The air entering from the return air duct structure 4 enters the connecting air duct structure 9, and enters the filter room 7 from the upper part of the filter room 7 through the connecting air duct structure 9. After being filtered by the filter 11 in the filter room 7, the air enters the ventilation room 6 through the connecting door between the filter room 7 and the ventilation room 6, and is transported to the supply air duct structure 2 through the ventilation fan 10.

[0099] Exemplarily, a fan outlet structure is provided between the ventilation fan 10 and the inlet of the air supply duct structure 2 , and the fan outlet structure is adapted to the size of the air outlet of the ventilation fan 10 so that the air exhausted by the ventilation fan 10 can be directly transported to the air supply duct structure 2 .

[0100] Exemplarily, when there are two ventilation rooms 6 and two filter rooms 7 , there are also two connecting air duct structures 9 , and one connecting air duct structure 9 is correspondingly provided for one ventilation room 6 and one filter room 7 . Figure 6BIn the arrangement of another ventilation duct structure 9, Fig. 6A The arrangement of the central ventilation duct structure 9 is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0101] By arranging the connecting ventilation duct structure 9 on one side of the second floor of the ventilation room 6, the idle space in the ventilation room 6 can be fully utilized, the space utilization rate of the ventilation room 6 can be improved, and the connecting ventilation duct structure 9 can be avoided from occupying other space outside the ventilation room 6 and the filter room 7, which can further reduce the space occupied by the containment ventilation system in the containment.

[0102] In some embodiments, the ventilation main pipe structure 1 is arranged behind the concrete filling area A1, and the arrangement method further includes: arranging the ventilation main pipe structure 1 in a ring shape.

[0103] like Figure 2 As shown, there are many equipment rooms 5 in the containment, and they are scattered at various positions in the containment. After the ventilation main pipe structure 1 is set to a ring shape, the diversion channel structure 3 can be directly arranged directly below the corresponding equipment room 5, which can facilitate the diversion channel structure 3 to connect the ventilation main pipe structure 1 and the equipment room 5, reduce the length of the diversion channel structure 3, and thus reduce the space occupied by the diversion channel structure 3. Furthermore, setting the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to a ring shape is also conducive to balancing the air pressure in the ventilation main pipe structure 1, so that the air pressure of the air delivered to the equipment room 5 is roughly the same. When the number of ventilation equipment is two, the annular ventilation main pipe structure 1 can also make the air input into the ventilation main pipe structure 1 by the two ventilation equipments mix evenly.

[0104] Embodiment 2:

[0105] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a containment ventilation system, which is applied to a nuclear power plant and used for ventilation inside the containment, and the bottom of the containment has a concrete filling area A1. The containment ventilation system includes a ventilation device and a flow channel structure located inside the containment, and the ventilation device is used to drive the air inside the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure. The flow channel structure includes a ventilation main pipe structure 1, and the ventilation main pipe structure 1 is arranged in the concrete filling area A1.

[0106] Exemplarily, the concrete filling area A1 forms a reactor pit, and the reactor pressure vessel in the containment is arranged in the reactor pit.

[0107] Exemplarily, the concrete filling area A1 is located at the bottom of the containment vessel, and is used to support the structure (such as supporting walls) and equipment above the concrete filling area A1.

[0108] Exemplarily, the reactor pit is arranged in the concrete filling area A1.

[0109] It can be understood that various equipment in the containment vessel are mainly arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0110] Exemplarily, the main equipment of the reactor (main water pump, steam generator, etc.) and the safety system (safety water tank, etc.) are also arranged in the equipment area A2, and the spraying equipment and the overhead crane are all arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0111] Exemplarily, the ventilation device includes a ventilation fan and a filter, so that the ventilation fan drives the air flow, and the air flowing through the filter is filtered and purified.

[0112] Exemplarily, the ventilation equipment sucks in the exhaust gas in the containment, filters it into fresh air, and then delivers it to the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and pressurizes the fresh air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the space that needs ventilation in the containment (such as the equipment room described later); after the fresh air enters the space that needs ventilation, it escapes into the containment and is sucked in by the ventilation equipment again, thereby realizing the circulation of air in the containment through the flow channel structure under the drive of the ventilation equipment.

[0113] In the prior art, the ventilation mother pipe is a pipeline structure, and the ventilation mother pipe is arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment, which causes the ventilation mother pipe to occupy the space in the containment that is mainly used for arranging equipment; and the concrete filling area A1 has few equipment arranged except the reactor pressure vessel in the reactor pit, so most of the area in the concrete filling area A1 is filled with concrete, and the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1 is low.

[0114] By replacing the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art with a ventilation mother pipe structure 1, and arranging the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 in the concrete filling area A1, the layout of the containment ventilation system can be optimized and the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1 can be improved, thereby avoiding the ventilation mother pipe in the prior art from occupying the space above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment. Therefore, the ventilation mother pipe structure 1 can be conveniently arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of layout design of the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the containment.

[0115] like Figure 1As shown, the area above the concrete filling area A1 inside the containment is divided into an equipment area A2 and a return air area A3 from bottom to top. The ventilation equipment is arranged in the equipment area A2; an equipment room 5 is also arranged in the equipment area A2. The flow channel structure also includes a supply air flow channel structure 2, a diversion channel structure 3 and a return air flow channel structure 4. The supply air flow channel structure 2 is arranged in the concrete filling area A1 and the equipment area A2, and the supply air flow channel structure 2 is connected to the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure 1 respectively. The diversion channel structure 3 is arranged in the concrete filling area A1 and the equipment area A2, and the diversion channel structure 3 is connected to the ventilation main pipe structure 1 and the equipment room 5 respectively. The return air flow channel structure 4 is arranged in the equipment area A2, the upper end of the return air flow channel structure 4 is connected to the return air area A3, and the lower end of the return air flow channel structure 4 is connected to the ventilation equipment. The ventilation equipment sucks the air in the return air area A3 through the return air duct structure 4 and sends it into the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the equipment room 5. The air entering the equipment room 5 can escape to the return air area A3.

[0116] For example, the main equipment of the reactor (main water pump, steam generator, etc.) is arranged in the equipment area A2, and the safety system (safety water tank, etc.) is also arranged in the equipment area A2. Figure 1 The dome is not shown in the figure and is located in the return air area A3. Spraying equipment and overhead cranes are also arranged in the return air area A3.

[0117] Exemplarily, there may be multiple equipment rooms 5 .

[0118] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the ventilation equipment can inhale the air in the return air area A3 through the return air duct structure 4, filter the air and send it into the ventilation main pipe structure 1, and pressurize the air in the ventilation main pipe structure 1 to the equipment room 5. The air entering the equipment room 5 can escape to the return air area A3, thereby realizing circulating ventilation in the containment.

[0119] Embodiment 3:

[0120] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a reactor building, which can be used in the field of nuclear power. The reactor building includes a containment, a primary loop system, and the containment ventilation system in Example 2. The primary loop system is arranged in a concrete filling area A1 in the containment and an area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0121] Exemplarily, the containment vessel may be a double containment vessel.

[0122] The reactor pressure vessel in the primary loop system is arranged in the concrete filling area A1, and the main water pump, steam generator, pressurizer, etc. are arranged in the area above the concrete filling area A1.

[0123] The containment ventilation system in the present embodiment can improve the space utilization rate of the concrete filling area A1, thereby avoiding the space occupation of the area above the concrete filling area A1 in the containment by the ventilation main pipe in the prior art. Therefore, when the size of the containment is small and the space for arranging equipment in the containment (i.e., the area above the concrete filling area A1) that can be reserved for the arrangement of the containment ventilation system is limited, the containment ventilation system can also be arranged in the containment, thereby reducing the difficulty of arranging the containment ventilation system and avoiding the situation of increasing the size of the containment in order to arrange the containment ventilation system, which is beneficial to improving the economy of the reactor building.

[0124] Embodiment 4:

[0125] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a ventilation method for a reactor building. The reactor building adopts the reactor building in Example 3. The ventilation method includes: starting ventilation equipment, and the ventilation equipment drives the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure.

[0126] It is understandable that after the containment vessel has been in operation for a long time, radioactive dust may exist in the air inside the containment vessel.

[0127] Exemplarily, the ventilation equipment can also cool the air while filtering the radioactive dust in the air, so as to remove the heat in the air in the containment vessel and prevent the temperature of the air in the containment vessel from rising too high.

[0128] After starting the ventilation equipment, the air in the containment can circulate in the flow channel structure, so that the ventilation equipment can continuously filter the air in the containment and transport the filtered air to the space that needs ventilation. This can improve the cleanliness of the air in the containment, reduce the concentration of radioactive dust in the reactor, and reduce harm to personnel and the environment.

[0129] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for arranging a containment ventilation system, characterized in that: The bottom of the containment vessel has a concrete fill area; The containment ventilation system comprises a ventilation device and a flow channel structure located in the containment, wherein the ventilation device is used to drive the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure; The flow channel structure comprises a ventilation main pipe structure (1); The arrangement method comprises: The ventilation main pipe structure (1) is arranged in the concrete filling area.

2. The arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel structure also includes an air supply flow channel structure (2), a flow diversion channel structure (3) and a return air flow channel structure (4); The arrangement method further comprises: The area above the concrete filling area in the containment is divided into the equipment area and the return air area from bottom to top; Arrange ventilation equipment in the equipment area; an equipment room (5) is also arranged in the equipment area; Arranging the air supply flow channel structure (2) in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and making the air supply flow channel structure (2) communicate with the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure (1) respectively; The diversion channel structure (3) is arranged in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, so that the diversion channel structure (3) is connected with the ventilation main pipe structure (1) and the equipment room (5) respectively; Arranging the return air duct structure (4) in the equipment area so that the upper end of the return air duct structure (4) is connected to the return air area, and the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) is connected to the ventilation equipment; The ventilation equipment inhales the air in the return air area through the return air duct structure (4), filters the air, and then sends it into the ventilation main pipe structure (1), and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure (1) to the equipment room (5), so that the air entering the equipment room (5) can escape to the return air area.

3. The arrangement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation equipment is arranged in a ventilation equipment room, and the ventilation equipment room is arranged in the equipment area; The ventilation equipment room comprises a ventilation room (6) and a filter room (7) which are interconnected; the ventilation equipment is a combined ventilation equipment; The step of arranging the ventilation equipment in the equipment area includes: The ventilation room (6) is arranged in the equipment area, the filter room (7) is arranged on the same floor as the ventilation room (6), and the filter room (7) is connected to the ventilation room; Decoupling the combined ventilation device into a ventilation fan (10) and a filter (11), arranging the ventilation fan (10) in the ventilation room (6), and arranging the filter (11) in the filter room (7); The method of connecting the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) with the ventilation equipment room specifically comprises: connecting the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) with the filter room (7) and then connecting the return air duct structure (4) with the ventilation equipment room (6) through the filter room (7).

4. The arrangement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The equipment area is provided with a secondary biological shielding ring wall (8) and a plurality of supporting walls (12), and the plurality of supporting walls (12) are located inside the secondary biological shielding ring wall (8); the secondary biological shielding ring wall (8) and the plurality of supporting walls (12) respectively cross-enclose the ventilation room (6), the filter room (7) and the equipment room (5); The air supply duct structure (2) is arranged after the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the arrangement method also includes: arranging the air supply duct structure (2) at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall (8) and one of the supporting walls (12).

5. The arrangement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arrangement of the return air duct structure (4) in the equipment area comprises: arranging the return air duct structure (4) at the intersection of the secondary biological shielding ring wall (8) and one of the supporting walls (12).

6. The arrangement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow channel structure also includes a connecting air channel structure (9); The arranging of the ventilation equipment room in the equipment area further includes: Divide the equipment area into n layers from bottom to top, where n≥2; The ventilation room (6) is arranged on two adjacent floors of the equipment area, and the filter room (7) is arranged on the same two floors of the equipment area as the ventilation room (6), and the ventilation room (6) and the filter room (7) are adjacent to each other; The connecting air duct structure (9) is arranged on one side of the second floor of the ventilation machine room (6), so that the connecting air duct structure (9) is connected to the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) and the filter room (7); The step of making the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) communicate with the ventilation equipment room is specifically: making the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) communicate with the filter room (7) through the connecting air duct structure (9), thereby communicating with the ventilation equipment room.

7. The arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation main pipe structure (1) is arranged behind the concrete filling area, and the arrangement method further comprises: arranging the ventilation main pipe structure (1) in a ring shape.

8. The arrangement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for forming the flow channel structure is as follows: The flow channel structure is fabricated in the concrete structure as a part of the concrete structure, so as to be a part of the concrete structure; or, The flow channel structure is fabricated in the concrete structure as a part of the concrete structure, and then a metal plate is laid on the inner wall of the flow channel structure; or, Pipes are pre-buried in the concrete structure, and the pipes form the flow channel structure.

9. A containment ventilation system, characterized in that: The bottom of the containment vessel has a concrete fill area; The containment ventilation system comprises ventilation equipment and a flow channel structure located in the containment; the ventilation equipment is used to drive the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure; the flow channel structure comprises a ventilation main pipe structure (1), and the ventilation main pipe structure (1) is arranged in the concrete filling area.

10. The containment ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The area above the concrete filling area inside the containment is divided into an equipment area and a return air area from bottom to top; the ventilation equipment is arranged in the equipment area; an equipment room (5) is also arranged in the equipment area; The flow channel structure also includes: An air supply channel structure (2) is arranged in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the air supply channel structure (2) is respectively connected to the ventilation equipment and the ventilation main pipe structure (1); A diversion channel structure (3) is arranged in the concrete filling area and the equipment area, and the diversion channel structure (3) is respectively connected to the ventilation main pipe structure (1) and the equipment room (5); and, A return air duct structure (4) is arranged in the equipment area, the upper end of the return air duct structure (4) is connected to the return air area, and the lower end of the return air duct structure (4) is connected to the ventilation equipment; The ventilation equipment sucks the air in the return air area through the return air duct structure (4) and sends it into the ventilation main pipe structure (1), and compresses the air in the ventilation main pipe structure (1) to the equipment room (5). The air entering the equipment room (5) can escape to the return air area.

11. A reactor building, characterized in that: It comprises a containment shell, a primary loop system and the containment shell ventilation system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the primary loop system is arranged in a concrete filling area and an area above the concrete filling area in the containment shell.

12. A method for ventilating a reactor building, characterized in that: The reactor building is the reactor building according to claim 11, and the ventilation method comprises: The ventilation device is started, and the ventilation device drives the air in the containment to circulate through the flow channel structure.

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